Model Of Economic Development Research Articles

The Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Economic Growth and Economic Development

The aim of this article is to provide a theoretical and methodological substantiation of the conceptions of economic growth and economic development in the context of their interconnection and differences. This is achieved through the prism of the dialectical approach, synergistic approach, normative approach, cyclical theory of economic development, economics of happiness, and theory of sustainable development. The main reasons why economic growth should not be considered as a process identical to economic development are highlighted. It is substantiated that economic development is a more expansive concept than economic growth, which is a component of economic development. Economic growth is perceived as a desirable outcome of economic activity, while economic development, due to its dialectical nature, is progressive and regressive, involving alternating stages of growth and decline. In cyclical theories, economic growth typically coincides with the upswing phase of constantly repeating cycles of economic development. The analysis indicates that there is no singular methodological approach to determining the level of economic development. In contrast, economic growth is typically assessed based on GNP and other metrics. Development economics employs a range of indicators, including life expectancy, poverty, unemployment, income inequality, education, healthcare, happiness, freedom, and others. From the perspective of sustainable development economics, an excessive focus on quantitative indicators of economic growth without considering the cumulative effects of economic activity can be described as "growth without development." This approach may jeopardize the long-term progress of humanity. It is substantiated that economic growth can be predicted within a certain time period, provided that the economic system maintains relative stability at the same level of development. Conversely, economic development is a challenging to predict process, dependent on random fluctuations that cannot be predicted. Consequently, the modeling of economic development necessitates the convergence of the exact and social sciences, interdisciplinary synthesis, which represents an important area for further research.

Драйвери сталого розвитку країн в умовах глобалізації

The article substantiates the drivers of sustainable development of countries in the context of globalization, namely: the development of alternative energy, low-carbon economy, circular economy. It is argued that with the establishment of the model of sustainable development in the world practice, the issue of a significant reduction in the segment of energy-intensive types of global production and a decrease in the scale of consumption of energy resources is of particular importance. It is substantiated that in order to disseminate an energy-efficient model of economic development on a global scale, it is necessary to form an active State policies of the countries of the world by creating economic, administrative, social and infrastructural conditions, eliminating State subsidies to environmentally harmful industries, using market incentives, increasing public procurement in energy-saving industries, along with stimulation of their investment financing. The prospects for the development of the world energy sector until 2030 are outlined. The synchronization of Ukraine with ENTSO-E, the European network of electricity transmission system operators, is examined. It is found that synchronization with ENTSO-E is a step towards expanding the opportunities and prospects for attracting investment in the energy sector of Ukraine. Recommendations on finding effective ways of transition of countries’ economies to the use of alternative energy sources, low-carbon development and application of the principles of circular economy (the conception of combining linear production lines into a closed cycle) are provided. It is substantiated that the transition to sustainable low-carbon development can be successful due to the implementation of the global energy conversion of the economy.

Vladivostok in interregional cooperation: problems and prospects

This article examines the features and main problems of Vladivostok as a large city in the Russian Far East and an important hub connecting Russia and China. The Russian Far East is a vast region rich in resources and focused on the vast market of the Asia-Pacific region. However, in recent years, a number of reasons have weakened the basis for the development of a comprehensive strategic partnership between Russia and China. After the start of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in 2022, Russia actively "looks to the east" and creates a model of economic development focused on the Asia-Pacific region. The Chinese initiative "One Belt, One Road" and the strategy of comprehensive openness have created conditions for the development of cooperation between the Northeast of China and the Russian Far East. In order to promote the accelerated development of the Far East, Russia is actively creating cities with advanced socio-economic development and hopes to improve business conditions in the Far East through a number of measures such as: improving infrastructure, providing tax incentives and simplifying administrative procedures in order to increase its investment attractiveness, increase employment and contribute to the economic development of the region, which will lead to the rise of the entire national economy. The following methods of scientific research were used in the work: the method of analysis and synthesis; generalized method; classification method; specific method; systematic method; phenomenological method. The main conclusions of the study are that in the overall strategic context of the modern world, China and Russia should gradually strengthen their complementary advantages and local industrial cooperation between the two countries. Vladivostok, as the fastest growing city in the Far East, has a great influence on regional cooperation between Russia and China. China has always been Russia's largest partner in the Far East in terms of bilateral trade, foreign investment and financial participation in recent years, so how to make rational use of Vladivostok's advantages and how to solve Vladivostok's current problems (for example, transport problems, demographic problems and the investment market for enterprises of the two sides) is the way to achieve the common development of both countries.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ ВОДОРОДНОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ В РОССИИ: ОГРАНИЧЕНИЯ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛ РЕГИОНОВ

The paradigm shift in the resource-based model of economic development, changes in the technological and energy platforms, imply the expansion of research, including the formation of a new direction for the development of regions, namely: the potential use of hydrogen energy and renewable energy sources. The goal of the article is to analyze methodological approaches to the development of hydrogen energy, practical aspects and strategic directions of its development in the Russian economic space, the potential and limitations of regional industries. The methodological basis of the research included: territorial-geographical, resourcebased, process-based, systemic, innovative, and informational approaches. As a result of the study, the conditions and problems of developing hydrogen energy in the regions of Russia were identified. The obtained results can be used by the bodies of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation in adjusting strategies for socio-economic development, for further development of this issue in the theory of spatial economics.

A study on the Economic Development Model of Rural B&B under the Perspective of Public Governance: Construction and Evaluation

A study on the Economic Development Model of Rural B&B under the Perspective of Public Governance: Construction and Evaluation

Analysis of the Impact of the New Normal Economic Development Model on Financial Markets

Analysis of the Impact of the New Normal Economic Development Model on Financial Markets

중국법상 계열회사와 기업집단의 입법문제와 한국 경험의 의의

This article fist describes the relevant legal provisions on associated enterprises and enterprise groups in China, and discusses the application of associated enterprises, related relationships and enterprise groups in Chinese judicial practice. It then describes the Koreas experience, describing the designation of the same person system in the Monopoly Regulation and Fair-Trade Act of Korea and the regulation of enterprise groups through the regulation of circular and sequential capital contributions. Finally, the authorʼs opinion is given as to whether the Korean experience can be of relevance to China. Chinese enterprise groups have seen extremely rapid growth in recent decades, with the Chinese government developing its economy, controlling peopleʼs livelihoods and entering the international market through large enterprise groups. Chinses enterprise groups, especially state-owned enterprise groups, are basically formed by the government based on various needs and through administrative orders, and they have entered the market without any validation of rationality. Examining the legislation related to enterprise groups in China, it can be seen that the regulation of affiliated enterprises and related relationships in Chinese law is only for the purpose of regulating the internal governance structure of companies and tax collection, rather than for the purpose of planning the economic structure of the country and regulating monopolies. Chinaʼs enterprise groups have formed a huge enterprise system through economic ties and administrative orders, and this system will naturally have corresponding disadvantages in the process of development. However, at present, China only supports and promotes the rapid development of enterprise groups, and does not see a position to regulate them. In the South Korea, over the past few decades, family enterprise has formed large conglomerates through related enterprise and circular capital contribution, and such businesses have shaped the countryʼs economic development model. The shortcomings of Korean family enterprise were exposed in the 1997 economic crisis. Individual families at the top of such enterprises control the entire conglomerates with only a small number of shares, creating a minority shareholding system that has even shaped the countryʼs economy. In response to the shortcomings of this economic model, the Korean government established a regulatory system represented by the Monopoly Regulation and Fair-Trade Act, which is a system of designating the same person, i.e., family that controls a enterprise group with assets exceeding 5 trillion won, the Fair Trade Commission establishes and publishes a catalog of enterprise groups belonging to the same person. The enterprise groups designated as the same person are required to fulfill various reporting and submission obligation to prevent the special relations of the enterprise groups form seeking or obtaining undue benefits through the exercise of actual influence. This system has regulated the development of large Korean enterprise groups. Korean enterprise groups and Chinses enterprise groups are extremely similar in terms of corporate governance structure, especially in that the controlling shareholders have a stable position and exercise control over the enterprise largely unencumbered by external constraints, which in turn results in the controlling shareholders being arbitrary and domineering, which is almost entirely similar. The difference is that the controlling shareholder of Chinses state-owned enterprise groups is the government, while the controlling shareholder of Korean enterprise groups is the family. But the same is that, in the situation of controlling shareholders absolute control of the enterprise groups, if there is no constraint mechanism to restrain the controllers of the enterprise groups unilaterally expand the scale of the enterprise,

Development Model of Tourism Communication and Creative Economy Based on Local Culture in East Sumba

As something unique, local culture can be utilized in various fields, one of which is tourism. The development of the tourism industry is characterized by several things, for example there is an increase in community participation to advance the local tourism industry, and the use of the creative economy. This research itself was carried out by looking at the potential that Indonesia has in the tourism and creative economy sectors which still have great potential to be developed further while still supporting the preservation of Indonesia's local culture. The research was carried out at a location in East Sumba, because it has a natural attraction for tourism which is already worldwide, but its development so far has not been optimal. Apart from having natural potential for tourism development, Sumba also has local culture and creative economy products, such as woven fabrics. This research was conducted with the main aim of producing a model for the development of tourism and creative economy based on local culture. This research itself will focus on the use of local culture in the tourism sector and the creative economy in tourism communication studies. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach and case study method. Data was obtained through FGD and interviews with resource persons. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that East Sumba has potential in terms of tourism development, the potential is in the form of natural resources, creative economic products, local culture and infrastructure suggestions. Developing this potential must receive support from the government in the form of development and policy making that favors local communities. Apart from that, tourism development also requires the development of human resources, which therefore requires collaboration between the government and local communities.

Local wisdom-based tourism and creative economy development strategies in Cisantana Village

The objective of this research is to perform an analysis aimed at identifying tourism development strategies for Cisantana village in the Cigugur district of Kuningan regency, as no tourism development model has been previously studied in this area. Semi-structured interviews with 100 respondents, including village authorities, company owners, tourist object managers, and Kuningan district office officials, were conducted throughout the research's six-month period from February to August 2023. It employs descriptive qualitative analysis. Literature, FGDs, interviews, and observation are used to acquire data. Using Nvivo 12 software, qualitative data analysis approaches were used. The findings indicated that the tourism and creative economy development model based on local wisdom in Cisantana village can be developed through strategies including a) prioritizing local tourism businesses, b) contributions from all parties, c) community empowerment, d) cooperation, collaboration, and synergy across sectors, e) strengthening partnerships so they don't become competitors, f) sustainability and continuity, g) infrastructure improvement, h) research studies and development applications. The benefits of tourist development and creative companies include great tourism potential, boosting local economies, enhancing local knowledge, and chances to build businesses and jobs for nearby areas. The marginalization of farmer groups, the decrease of cultural culture, the appearance of trash, waste, and pollution in tourist regions, as well as the loss of local knowledge, are the negative effects. The public sector, the government, and other relevant parties can benefit from this study. The research's overall goal is to improve public awareness of the value of fostering a creative economy and tourism based on local knowledge.

쿠바 사회주의 발전전략의 변화와 지속가능한 발전

This article examines how PNDES 2030, based on the Cuban socialist development model, corresponds to the SDGs, and through this, assesses whether Cuba's socialist development model can realize sustainable development. Furthermore, we reviewed the limitations of Cuban-style sustainable development and examined the conditions for the Cuban-style sustainable economic development model to be compatible with the SDGs, the dominant development paradigm in the international community. Since 1990, Cuba has made efforts to transform its development model and establish a sustainable development model in order to break away from external dependence in its economic structure and at the same time actively respond to changes in the global economy. The Cuban government established the 'Cuban National Strategic Plan 2030 (PNDES 2030)' for sustainable development goals centered on six strategic axes, with 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the mainstream paradigm, in each strategic axis. Detailed items were placed. These strategic axes were planned to coexist with the 17 sub-goals of the SDGs without significantly departing from the post-revolutionary socialist development perspective. However, in reality, the U.S. economic sanctions that have continued since the revolution are acting as an obstacle to PNDES 2030, which can be considered a Cuban-style sustainable development model, achieving certain economic results. Additionally, overcoming the inefficiencies and low productivity that occur within the framework of a planned economy can also be said to be an important condition for realizing sustainable development in Cuba.

Сингапур как важный участник международной интеграции

In the modern world, Singapore is one of the most important countries to study with its unique economic development model. In this regard, our research notes that despite being a little country, Singapore's participation in international economic and political integration processes is extensive and its role is great. The article also argues that joining international economic and political integration processes is a statehood tradition in Singapore. To explain this in more detail, the historical dynamics of Singapore are analyzed, and then its international integration policy is discussed today.

COMPOSITION OF SOCIAL INSURANCE COSTS AND GUIDELINES FOR EFFECTIVE USE

The article explores the financial analysis of Uzbekistan's social insurance system, encompassing economic-statistical analyses of different social insurance types and the results of pension and allowance disbursement software. It discusses the rise in recipients of social benefits and material assistance for low-income families, along with their financial sources. The implementation of the social insurance system necessitates financial resources, making social funds integral to economic mechanisms for income redistribution. These funds, whether state or non-state, depend on factors like the national economic development model. Acknowledging their role in financial relations, social funds have a specific financial purpose, crucial in priority areas. Ongoing research focuses on effective organization and financing of the social protection system, emphasizing the development of voluntary and mandatory medical insurance, improving unemployment benefit procedures, and enhancing pension system stability. Recent initiatives in Uzbekistan include the revision of pension procedures, fundamental pension system reform, laws on compulsory health insurance, and the development of the "Law on Social Insurance." Scientific research aims to strengthen social protection for specific groups and enhance the existing social insurance system.

Local Government Cadres Guiding Tourism Economic Development:from the Perspective of Flow Economy

In the past two or three years, a group of cultural and tourism directors represented by He Jiaolong in Zhaosu, Yili, Xinjiang, Liu Hong and Jiang Zeduoji in Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan, Xie Wei in Suizhou City, Hubei, and Wu Jiaojiao in Dafang County, Guizhou, have relied on short video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou to made their own small videos promoting their hometowns, and have become popular on the Internet one after another. These web celebrity directors have promoted the tourism economy of their hometown through continuous publicity, live broadcasting with goods and other forms, and contributed great strength to the development of their hometown. Their success, attracted around the Secretary of Culture and Tourism have followed suit, in the country set off a wave of Secretary for hometown tourism endorsement boom. As a netizen, the author has also learned about this hot event. Through reviewing a large amount of data, using literature research, case analysis and other research methods, the author has carried out some of his own research on the phenomenon of network red bureau chiefs􀆳tourism in various places from the perspective of traffic economy. The study found that: First, in the context of the global digital economy, short video platforms based on algorithms and big data are profoundly changing the lives of ordinary people; Second, the emergence of the secretary of Internet Celebrity has brought a new development model of flow economy and has become a booster for the development of local tourism; Third, the culture and tourism secretary of Internet Celebrity has a unique value for local development in the cultural, political and economic fields. This study also found that the􀆳Internet celebrity culture and tourism director model has been copied in large numbers in various places. This phenomenon should be paid attention to and guided. Relevant departments should make efforts to improve their governance ability and tourism industry management ability, so that the Internet celebrity hit sites can be sustained, not just a simple imitation.

The impact of tax competition on urban-rural income gap: a local governance perspective

ABSTRACT In China, the regional economic development model affected by government competition is an important factor leading to the income inequality of urban and rural residents. This paper aims to study the influence mechanism of tax competition among local governments on urban-rural income gap from the perspective of government intervention and tries to explain the reasons for the gradual narrowing of urban-rural income disparity since 2010. Using a dynamic panel data of 30 provinces, this study reveals that tax competition has alleviated the urban-rural income gap, and this effect shows temporal extensibility and spatial correlation. It is more obvious in eastern and central China and consistent in different local tax categories. Although tax competition has narrowed the overall income gap, the wage income inequality has been exacerbated. In addition, local fiscal autonomy, urbanization, public service provision and industrial structure are the important influencing channels of the mechanism.

Analysis of opportunities and conditions of transformation of the Russian economy

Purpose: is to study the reasons, possibilities and conditions for the transformation of the Russian economy during the period of overcoming the sanctions of the EU countries and the United States and the transition to a multipolar world order.Methods: the methodology used for conducting the research is based on a generalization of methods for analyzing the cause-and-effect relationships of complex systems using network methods, as well as information and logical models of the processes of development of socio-economic systems.Results: the article analyzes the reasons for the transformation of the Russian and world economy in the coming years. The author shows the conditions for the formation and establishment of a market economy in our country, as well as the factors that influenced its development. The successes achieved and the bottlenecks that have formed in the Russian economy are noted. The ways of eliminating problematic situations are considered, including the possibility of restoring innovative potential, the transition of companies to strategic planning of technological development, improving decision-making mechanisms and the formation of an economic model of development in the medium term. The main results of the study are to substantiate the reasons for the transformation of the liberal economic model that has evolved in Russia during the transition to the market economy.Conclusions and Relevance: the article emphasizes the modern inevitability of structural and technological changes in the Russian economy. The emphasis is placed on the need to eliminate bottlenecks in the domestic economy, which, first of all, include a decrease in the potential of the innovation sphere. According to the author, among the main conditions for the transformation of the Russian economy is the transition from the evolutionary development of companies to the normative planning of technological modernization processes, the improvement of target management mechanisms, as well as the formation of forecast estimates assessments of the prospects for technological development on an innovative basis.

Possibilities for mitigating the Matthew effect in low-carbon development: Insights from convergence analysis

Under global pressure of climate change, adopting an economic model of low-carbon development has become an inevitable choice for economies worldwide. Playing an important role in economics and carbon emission reduction, cities are crucial in development strategies planning at both national and regional levels. Based on the data of 198 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2019, this paper quantifies the low-carbon development index for each city, and analyzes the low-carbon development trend within cities using the club convergence method, and finally identifies the relevant factors influencing the low-carbon developmentby taking into account the divergent trends. The study found that: (1) The national low-carbon development index does not exhibit spontaneous convergence. (2) Cities ultimately fall into four converging clubs. Club 1 tends to converge toward a high level of low-carbon development, while Clubs 2, 3, and 4 tend to converge toward lower levels or may fail to achieve low carbon development, resulting in a widening gap with Club 1. This implies the existence of the Matthew effect. (3) Factors such as the financial interrelations ratio, foreign direct investment, urbanization, employment figures, and transportation enhancements can promote low-carbon development and alleviate the Matthew effect.

«New normal» and the Сhinese model of «dual circulation»: To the question of the «present stage» of the global economy’ development

The reserch explores multiple approaches to the term “new normality”, which appeared in the scientific economic community after the 2008 crisis, and became relevant again with the proclamation of a “new economic era” in China, the “entry” of the world community into the era of the Anthropocene, and the collision of the world with a problem of global significance - the COVID-19 virus. The relevance of the topic is also due to modern conditions: the turbulence of the world economy, which it has entered not only since the beginning of the pandemic, but also as a result of those “tectonic” shifts in the system of international economic relations that occurred after Russia launched a special military operation. The need to supplement and expand the term “new normality” comes from the questions: “If the term “new normality” or “norm” arises, then what is the “old norm”? In relation to what phenomena or processes is this term used and what is the set of definitions and approaches to it?”. The purpose of this article is to identify the main features of the “new normality” in the context of the growth and development phase that the Chinese economy entered in 2014, in particular. The “new normality” in Chinese is based on achieving a more diversified structure of the national economy, ensuring sustainable growth and a more even distribution of benefits. The etymology and development of the term “new normality” are considered. Despite the multiplicity of approaches, a single definition for the term in question has not developed, neither within the framework of economic science, nor within the framework of other areas. The prerequisites underlying the “new norm” in Chinese are analyzed in detail, including those that served as the basis for revising the country’s economic development model and implementing the model known today as the “double circulation” model. The author raises the question of the need to develop an approach to the term also in the key of current events, tectonic shifts in the world economy and the system of international economic relations, which, objectively, can be characterized as a “crisis” of the modern stage of the development of the world economy, known as globalization, or a transitional period, a transitional stage to a new, a completely different stage in the development of the world economy. The main conclusion of the study is as follows: the current stage of the development of the world economy, that is, globalization, is experiencing an acute phase of turbulence, which obviously began long before the last economic crisis of 2008. The events of the last few years show that the effects of globalization to a certain extent cease to justify themselves: increased international competition, increased protectionism policies and an increase in the number of trade disputes within the WTO, escalation of “trade wars”, COVID-19 and its impact on the entire system of international economic relations, disruption and restructuring of production and logistics chains, as well as the exit of TNCs from the Russian market as a result of a special military operation, all this indicates that the current stage of development of the world economy is now a transitional period not because of the effects and processes that occur under the influence of certain events, but because of the restructuring of the entire global economic and geopolitical architecture. All of the above, in turn, requires an adequate response from the economic schools in the form of the need to develop theoretical approaches to the question of the transitive nature of the current stage of the development of the world economy and the transition to another stage.

African Socialism; or, the Search for an Indigenous Model of Economic Development? (Excerpt I)

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African Socialism; or, the Search for an Indigenous Model of Economic Development? (Excerpt II)

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About possibilities for improving the model of economic development of Azerbaijan

The article describes the possibilities for improving the current model of economic development of the country. Using the author’s monitoring, various aspects of the economic development models of highly developed and developing countries of the world were analyzed in detail and a brief explanation was given about each of them. A number of factors are also indicated that could improve the existing model of development of the national economy of Azerbaijan.