Articulation Model Research Articles

Decision Making in the Hidden Judiciary: Institutions, Recruitment, and Responsiveness Among U.S. Administrative Law Judges

This article examines the decisional motivations of state and federal administrative law judges. On the basis of the analysis of the survey responses of 265 state and federal administrative law judges (ALJs), we found that ALJs’ views toward the propriety of deferring to external stimuli (such as their agencies, public opinion, or to the elective branches of government) differ considerably in their exercise of quasijudicial authority. To determine the sources of this variation, two different conceptual models were tested, the first drawn from the “rational-actor” variation of the New Institutionalism school of decision making, and the second adapted from the “articulation model of judicial selection.” Although the rational actor model accounts for some portion of the variation observed, the alternative articulation model was superior in its predictive ability. These findings suggest that although institutional constraints are by no means irrelevant, the socialization process that ALJs undergo has an important impact on their feelings of responsiveness to a broad range of external actors. The authors discuss these findings in the broader normative context regarding judicial independence and bureaucratic responsiveness.

Revisiting acoustic correlates of pharyngealization in Jordanian and Moroccan Arabic: Implications for formal representations

This exploratory study of Jordanian and Moroccan Arabic (JA and MA) aims to evaluate whether pharyngealization is associated with an epilaryngeal constriction which causes ‘retraction’ and tense voice quality in surrounding vowels, following the Laryngeal Articulator Model (LAM) (Esling, 2005). Twenty male speakers (10 per dialect) produced vowels preceded by /d or dˤ/. Thirteen acoustic correlates obtained at the onset and midpoint were used to assess this type of constriction. A predictive modeling approach was used; starting with Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Effects modeling followed by Conditional Random Forest for classification. Vowels in the pharyngealized context were more open (higher F1, Z1-Z0), more back (lower F2, higher Z3-Z2), more compact (lower Z2-Z1), and showed spectral divergence (higher Z3-Z2). Voice quality results showed these vowels to be produced with a tense voice. High classification rates of 93.5% for JA and 91.1% for MA were obtained and variable importance score showed formant-based measures outperform voice quality ones. This suggests pharyngealization has ‘retraction,’ with a back and down gesture, as a primary correlate followed by [+CONSTRICTED GLOTTIS]. The implications of these results provide strong support for LAM, the feature [+CET], and the use of the epilarynx to describe pharyngealization.

Comparison of the accuracy of maxillary position between conventional model surgery and virtual surgical planning

The aim of this study was to determine whether virtual surgical planning (VSP) is an accurate method for positioning the maxilla when compared to conventional articulator model surgery (CMS), through the superimposition of computed tomography (CT) images. This retrospective study included the records of 30 adult patients submitted to bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Two groups were created according to the treatment planning performed: CMS and VSP. The treatment planning protocol was the same for all patients. Pre- and postoperative CT images were superimposed and the linear distances between upper jaw reference points were measured. Measurements were then compared to the treatment planning, and the difference in accuracy between CMS and VSP was determined using the t-test for independent samples. The success criterion adopted was a mean linear difference of <2mm. The mean linear difference between planned and obtained movements for CMS was 1.27±1.05mm, and for VSP was 1.20±1.08mm. With CMS, 80% of overlapping reference points had a difference of <2mm, while for VSP this value was 83.6%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two techniques regarding accuracy (P>0.05).

Maryland Action Coalition: Academic Progression Takes Several Pathways.

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the Maryland Action Coalition academic progression activities. Maryland is predicted to be one of four states that will experience a shortage of 10,000 or more registered nurses in 2025. The Maryland Action Coalition has committed to the Institute of Medicine's Future of Nursing recommendation that 80 percent of nurses be educated at the baccalaureate (or higher) level. Various approaches to seamless academic progression are described. The Maryland articulation model was revised to reflect new academic models. More BS and BSN degrees have been awarded, and more employers have advertised a preference for RNs who have completed a baccalaureate degree. Maryland is developing a solid foundation to ensure that the state has a well-educated nursing workforce to meet the complex health needs of all residents.

A volumetric technique for fossil body mass estimation applied to Australopithecus afarensis

Fossil body mass estimation is a well established practice within the field of physical anthropology. Previous studies have relied upon traditional allometric approaches, in which the relationship between one/several skeletal dimensions and body mass in a range of modern taxa is used in a predictive capacity. The lack of relatively complete skeletons has thus far limited the potential application of alternative mass estimation techniques, such as volumetric reconstruction, to fossil hominins. Yet across vertebrate paleontology more broadly, novel volumetric approaches are resulting in predicted values for fossil body mass very different to those estimated by traditional allometry. Here we present a new digital reconstruction of Australopithecus afarensis (A.L. 288-1; ‘Lucy’) and a convex hull-based volumetric estimate of body mass. The technique relies upon identifying a predictable relationship between the ‘shrink-wrapped’ volume of the skeleton and known body mass in a range of modern taxa, and subsequent application to an articulated model of the fossil taxa of interest. Our calibration dataset comprises whole body computed tomography (CT) scans of 15 species of modern primate. The resulting predictive model is characterized by a high correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.988) and a percentage standard error of 20%, and performs well when applied to modern individuals of known body mass. Application of the convex hull technique to A. afarensis results in a relatively low body mass estimate of 20.4 kg (95% prediction interval 13.5–30.9 kg). A sensitivity analysis on the articulation of the chest region highlights the sensitivity of our approach to the reconstruction of the trunk, and the incomplete nature of the preserved ribcage may explain the low values for predicted body mass here. We suggest that the heaviest of previous estimates would require the thorax to be expanded to an unlikely extent, yet this can only be properly tested when more complete fossils are available.

An Innovative Academic Progression in Nursing Model in New York State.

The Dual Degree Partnership in Nursing (DDPN) is a unique articulation model created in 2005 between two nursing programs that provides a seamless pathway for students to earn both an associate's degree and a bachelor's degree in nursing while benefiting from the strengths of each program. Archival data has been systematically collected for a decade on admission, progression, retention, satisfaction, graduation, and NCLEX-RN pass rates to measure the reliability, validity, and integrity of this DDPN model for nursing education. The findings demonstrate consistent performance and positive outcomes on all factors measured, which have been benchmarked against available state and national results. This innovative approach to academic progression in nursing is replicable and serves as a prototype to educate more nurses at the baccalaureate level, which directly contributes to the Institute of Medicine's goal of 80% of RNs having a minimum of a bachelor's degree by 2020. [J Nurs Educ. 2017;56(5):266-273.].

Sectoral demand articulation: The case of emerging sensor technologies in the drinking water sector

Demand articulation plays a central role in innovation processes as it reduces uncertainties for innovating firms and offers guidance in innovation processes. Studies into demand articulation processes have mostly focused on users and user-producer interactions and paid less attention to the role of the broader environment in which users and producers are embedded. We conduct an exploratory case study into demand articulation regarding emerging micro & nanotechnology-based sensor technologies for drinking water applications. We trace the occurrence and dynamics of demand articulation processes at a sectoral level. We show that demand articulation processes at the level of a sector fulfill an important function in guiding demand articulation processes of individual and organizational actors. We develop a process model of sectoral demand articulation and discuss the relevance of sectoral contexts in explaining the direction of demand articulation processes.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ФОНЕТИЧЕСКОГО КОНТЕКСТА НА РЕАЛИЗАЦИЮ СОГЛАСНОГО /R/ ВО ФРАНЦУЗСКОЙ ПЕВЧЕСКОЙ РЕЧИ

This study analyses occurrence of the uvular and alveolar /r/ in French sung speech; its material includes Art Songs written by French composers of the late 19th - early 20th century. At the first stage of this study the uvular consonant occurrence in different age groups of singers is compared, the main /r/_articulation model is considered for every singer. Then deviations from the alveolar articulation model, i. e. changes to the uvular /r/, are analyzed in various phonetic environment. The current study's results enable to conclude that (i) most of the alveolar [r] are maintained after the breath pause and before the semivowels, (ii) the uvular articulation exists in the Art Songs interpretation by French operatic singers representing different age groups.

A Case of Afferent Apraxic Motor Aphasia? A Tribute to A.R.Luria

A Case of Afferent Apraxic Motor Aphasia? A Tribute to A.R.Luria

Local and Global Gestalt Laws: A Neurally Based Spectral Approach.

This letter presents a mathematical model of figure-ground articulation that takes into account both local and global gestalt laws and is compatible with the functional architecture of the primary visual cortex (V1). The local gestalt law of good continuation is described by means of suitable connectivity kernels that are derived from Lie group theory and quantitatively compared with long-range connectivity in V1. Global gestalt constraints are then introduced in terms of spectral analysis of a connectivity matrix derived from these kernels. This analysis performs grouping of local features and individuates perceptual units with the highest salience. Numerical simulations are performed, and results are obtained by applying the technique to a number of stimuli.

Could Sociocracy be the Way to MSME Governance?

In an earlier article, we addressed the question: Should the MSMEs, that is, the micro, small and medium enterprises, be governed the corporate way? Drawing on (a) the contribution of the MSMEs to the economic and social development in their respective settings, (b) systemic nature of their ailments, (c) institutional and organisational contingency theory of corporate governance and (d) the theory of articulation (upward delegation) of decision-making, we suggested a model of articulation of the MSME governance ( Saxena &amp; Jagota, 2015 ). In this article, we delve deeper into the issue of the MSME governance with reference to the emerging paradigm of dynamic governance that is known in Europe and other parts of the world as sociocracy. The word sociocracy is derived from the Latin and Greek words socius (companion) and kratein (to govern). It implies the rule by the ‘socios’, people who have a social relationship with each other—as opposed to the democracy rule by the ‘demos’, the general mass of people. As a system of governance, it relies on consent-based decision-making through active self-disclosure and feedback. It is stated to streamline decision-making, kindle creativity, innovation and entrepreneurial spirit and heighten productivity via individual engagement, commitment and empowerment. We posit that such a system of governance is particularly suitable for ethnic entrepreneurship, natural business clusters and the social and solidarity economy that many a country in Asia and Africa typify. In this article, we penetrate deeper into the functioning of representative clusters and communities and delineate principles and practices that could provide the edifice of the sociocratic architecture and dynamics of the MSME governance.

A Model of Practical Nurse to Registered Nurse Educational Articulation: A Successful Approach to Advancing the Nursing Workforce

A consortium of practical nurse (PN) and associate degree (AD) nurse educators in New York State developed a voluntary statewide articulation model in 2003. The model is designed to promote educational mobility, moving qualified PNs into the second year of participating AD programs as advanced placed students. In the model, PNs who otherwise meet admission criteria are awarded 12 to 15 credits in nursing for their PN education. In 2005, 2 hospital-based “sister school” AD programs that share a common curriculum implemented the model. This study compared the outcomes (National Council Licensure Exam RN pass rates, course grades, and Assessment Technologies Institute Content Mastery Series assessment proficiency levels) of matched pairs of PN and generic students. No statistically significant difference in outcomes was found on any measure. This articulation model may offer a successful approach to seamless academic progression for PNs.

Growth, distribution, and sectoral heterogeneity: Reading the Kaleckians in Latin America

Abstract The aim of this paper is to explore a parallelism between two episodes in the history of economic thought in order to suggest that the interaction between them can contribute to the research on Kaleckian growth and distribution models. First, a brief summary of the theoretical development from Steindl's stagnationist claims to the debate about demand regimes is offered. Then, a more detailed account is provided of the Latin American debate that began with Furtado's stagnationist claims and resulted in the formulation of models of social articulation and disarticulation. Finally, an analytical classification of Kaleckian and Latin American growth and distribution models is provided, indicating the way in which sectoral heterogeneity and demand composition can act as a plausible link between growth and distribution.

Notes sur les assises méthodologiques d’une « histoire littéraire structurale »

This article examines the conditions in which H. R. Jauss, in his conference entitledLiteraturgeschichte als Provokation(1967), elaborated a new theoretical approach of “structural literary history”. The central position this essay holds in literary theory has accounted for its enabling a turning point in the practice and the pedagogy of literary studies : it provides a model for the problematic articulation between structural analysis and historical interpretation of texts. In an attempt to put his theory into perspective, the German historian conducted two research projects in medieval genre theory. He bases his argument on the example of animal tales from the satiricalRoman de Renartof the late 12th century, and asserts that philologists, in their extensive search for evidence based on manuscript sources, have discarded both the hermeneutical interest and the structural variety developed by storytellers in their texts. This study wishes to measure the scope and the results of this instructive methodology in the context of its didactic application. It discusses the roots of the problem, as well as the potential significance of “structural literary history” for our contemporary understanding of the theory and the practice of reading.

ARTICULATION MODELS – CORRECTION TOOLS OF CHILDREN SOUND PRONUNCIATION DISTURBANCES IN PRE-SCHOOL AGE

Sound pronunciation disturbances are one of the frequent speech problems observed in pre-school age, that is why there are developed different methods in correction methodology and one of them is approach by using sound articulation models. They help for a child in pre-school age to acquire meaningfully the physiological basis of sound pronunciation and allow being an active participant in correction process.

Do Compustat Financial Statement Data Articulate?

ABSTRACTUsing the Financial Statement Balancing Model (FSBM) from Compustat, we examine whether financial statement data articulate for 10,681 U.S. nonfinancial firms for 24 years, a total of 92,951 firm-years. We accomplish three research goals. First, we build the first formal model of financial statement articulation, providing a benchmark for subsequent discussions of articulation. Second, we show how to handle missing data to ensure articulation, by either filling in zeros or inferring the missing data using other variables in the equations. Third, we produce modified variables that resolve exceptions in the articulating equations, so that these variables form relations that are consistent across time and firms. We then compare the “modified database” (MDB) using these updated variables with the original Compustat data, and find significant differences in many commonly used financial variables, such as Altman's Z-score. We believe that our MDB has the potential to help researchers increase sample size and data quality in empirical studies.

Do Compustat Financial Statement Data Articulate?

Using the Financial Statement Balancing Model (FSBM) from Compustat, we examine whether financial statement data articulate for 10,681 U.S. non-financial firms for 24 years, a total of 92,951 firm years. We accomplish three specific research goals. First, we build the first formal model of financial statement articulation, providing a benchmark for subsequent discussions of articulation. Second, we show how to handle missing data to ensure articulation, by either filling in zeros or backing out the missing data with other variables in the equations. Third, we produce modified variables that resolve exceptions in the articulating equations, so that these variables form relations that are consistent across time and firms. We then compare the “modified database” (MDB) using these updated variables with the original Compustat data, and find significant differences in many commonly used financial variables, such as the Altman’s z-score, and the disclosure quality based on non-missing Compustat variables. We believe that our MDB has the potential to increase sample size and the accuracy of data in empirical studies, which could help researchers draw improved inferences.

Example-based statistical framework for parametric modeling of human body shapes

This paper proposes a new example-based statistical modeling framework to conduct the parametric modeling of 3D human body shapes from linear anthropometric parameters. The modeling framework consists of the following three phases: construction of a training database of human body shapes, statistical analysis of human body shapes and human body shape modeling. In the training database construction phase, a consistent parameterization was carried out on 3D whole-body scan data of 80 males and 80 females with a wide variety of body shapes as the examples for this study. The surface-fitting process, which was improved relative to existing methods, was used to guarantee the high-quality parameterization in this phase and to generate an articulated body shape model in the modeling phase. To characterize the range of body shape variation, the training database was analyzed statistically. Additionally, a correlation between the body shapes and the anthropometric parameters was learned in the statistical analysis phase to estimate body shapes from intuitive and semantic parameters. A new technique to generate an optimal body shape model that precisely satisfies user input body dimensions was developed in the model generation phase. This technique enables the estimation of body shape variation, not only within the body shape space that was learned statistically, but also outside of the body shape space, while maintaining body shapes that stay in the human shape space. Our approach produced reasonable results having a high modeling accuracy satisfying user-specified anthropometric parameters, and high visual quality in expressing realistic body shapes. The resultant models were then segmented into 16 key regions of the human body, and had information on 15 key joints, and thus they could be a useful tool in various industries. Compared with other statistical modeling approaches, the proposed method contributes to related areas by introducing an improved surface-fitting process and a non-linear optimization-based optimal body shape modeling technique.

A Comparative Study of Condylar Guidance Setting Obtained From Interocclusal Records and Panoramic Radiographs in Both Dentulous and Edentulous Subjects

AbstractTo compare the condylar guidance values obtained from interocclusal records and the panoramic radiographs in both dentulous and edentulous subjects. Materials &amp; methods: 20 dentulous and 20 edentulous subjects having specific criteria were selected for the cross-sectional descriptive in-vivo study. In the first method, the sagittal condylar guidance values for both the groups were recorded after obtaining protrusive records using HANAU articulator model Wide-Vue, U.S.A. In the second method panoramic radiographs were made of all the edentulous and dentulous subjects in the natural head position and tracings were done of the outline of glenoid fossa and the articular eminence. The angles formed by the lines drawn were measured and the values obtained were compared with those from the inter-occlusal record method. The condylar guidance readings of both dentulous and edentulous subjects obtained from the interocclusal records and those by tracing panoramic radiographic images were compared by Mann Whitney U test and Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation test. Results: The condylar guidance values obtained from the interocclusal records were less when compared to the values obtained from tracing the panoramic radiographs. Significant correlation (r=0.9) between the condylar guidance values obtained for left and right sides in interocclusal record group and a moderate correlation (r=0.65) between the condylar guidance values obtained for left and right sides from panoramic radiographs. Conclusion: The results from this study showed that measurement of condylar inclination angles using panoramic radiographs gave higher values, as compared to the inter-occlusal record method. Also, panoramic radiographic method revealed less difference between the condylar guidance values obtained for left and right sides as compared to the articulator method. Although, significant amount of correlation was found between the two methods, variations due to different operators and better radiographic techniques should be further investigated.

Interpretación de la “La Danza” de Stschoukine (1909-1910) realizada por Henri Matisse, obra que representa el momento álgido de su perseverante investigación artística sobre la danza

An approach to the figurative and plastic analysis of the work Dance for Stschoukine (1909-1910) of 260 x 391 cm done in oil on canvas by the French artist Henri Matisse (1869-1954). The interpretation of the work will be based on an articulation model that synthesizes in one, the Gestalt and structural perspective, following the theoretical assumptions of the French semiologist Algirdas Julien Greimas. Dance for Stschoukine is Henri Matisse's greatest work of persevering pictorial research, centered on the pictorial articulation of expression and content. This work supposes a turning point within the radical period of his production (1905-1916), laying the foundations of the unpublished and reflexive artistic work of the genius.