Objective To explore the intervention effect of Yishenbaozhen Recipe(YSBZR)on the renal anemia in rats with chronic renal failure and the related mechanism.Methods Totally 43rat models of chronic renal failure were produced by two-step 5/6nephrectomy.The study was randomly divided into 5groups:normal control group(n=9),model group(n=8),YSBZR high-dose group(n=9,46.5g/[kg·d]),YSBZR low-dose group(n=9,15.6g/[kg·d])and Niaoduqing group(n=8,2.5g/[kg·d]).YSBZR was given intragastrically on a daily bases for 6 weeks,and then the serum erythropoietin(EPO),serum creatinine(SCr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),hemoglobin(Hb),red blood cell count(RBC),and mean corpuscular volume(MCV)were examined.Results Compared with the model group and Niaoduqing group,YSBZR high-dose group and low-dose group had significantly higher Hb,RBC and EPO levels(P0.05),and had similar MCV levels.YSBZR high-dose and low-dose groups had significantly decreased SCr and BUN levels compared with the model group(P0.01),and had similar levels when compared with Niaoduqinggroup.Conclusion YSBZR has interventional effect on renal anemia,which might be related to decreasing nitrogen retention,reducing the toxin-induced inhibition of hematopoietic system,and increasing EPO level.