Modes Of Organization Research Articles

Participatory habitat improvement in contexts of inequality in medium-sized cities

The conditions that are vulnerable urban varied qualitatively in the last ten years. To the already known prevailing inequality conditions are added the increase and consolidation of drug production, sale and consumption circuits, mainly paco, which generate and deepen various problems, structurally transforming regional, local and neighborhood socio-spatial dynamics. Given this situation, other modes of social organization arise, which bring with them new coping strategies, technical support (public, academic and non-governmental institutions, among others), design and implementation of public policies that seek to influence specific transformations in the territory. However, this scenario finds technicians mostly de-instrumented to intervene in the territory with the old strategies —already rudimentary and now also outdated— that require rigorous transformations to reach an appropriate social approach. That is why it is proposed as a main objective to identify those appropriate strategies for the integral improvement of the popular habitat through community participation and strengthening processes. For its development it is based on concrete experiences of technical support carried out in five vulnerable neighborhoods of the Gran San Miguel de Tucumán agglomerate, located in northwestern Argentina, since 2015.

Research on Optimizing Method of High Speed Railway Passing Capacity Utilization

The mode of transportation organization adopted by China’s high-speed railways is the “transportation organization for trains running at different speeds”. The advantage of this model is that it facilitates the travel of travelers, reduces the time and energy wastage caused by the transfer, and improves the travel experience of passengers. However, this mode has many disadvantages and may not necessarily meet the passenger travel demand. Therefore, this paper focuses on how to use the idea of compressed operation diagrams to create an optimized model under the mode of “transport organizations with different speed-class trains collinearly operating”. Stop plan provides a reference.

How Vertical Integration Affects Firm Innovation: Quasi-Experimental Evidence

Although it is well established that vertical integration decisions have important consequences for firms, direct evidence on how vertical integration matters to firm innovation has been scarce. This study draws from seminal research on organizing for innovation and recent synthesis of transaction cost and capabilities theories to examine how vertical integration affects the rate and types of firm innovation pursued. To strengthen identification of causal effects, we exploit a quasi-experimental design to compare firms that announced and completed a vertical merger and acquisition (M&A) with those announcing but not completing the transaction. We show that firms completing vertical M&As experience a growth in their rate of innovation; in addition, such firms witness an increase in systemic innovation but a drop in autonomous innovation. Our study contributes important empirical evidence to bear on the literature on the organization of innovation, highlighting that organizational mode choices are a critical determinant of the rate and direction of inventive activity.

Вплив електронної торгівлі на еволюцію організаційних форм міжнародної економічної діяльності

The article analyses the main directions of the impact of spreading e-commerce on the change in the organizational modes of international economic activity. The author identifies six major areas for such changes, which include: the formation of global and regional trading platforms as major trade intermediaries; formation of networks of constant direct contacts of suppliers and consumers; deployment and changes in the format of global or regional value chains; significant enhancement of the role of international logistics systems; modifying the economy of scale as a factor of economic efficiency; growing substitution of trade in goods for trade in services. The study proves that this impact is controversial and asymmetrical, and is associated with both the emergence of new commercial opportunities and obstacles in the form of new forms of "electronic" protectionism, as well as new risks and threats. It creates the possibility of forming different technological paradigms within the world economy, causing a long-term coexistence of the newest network forms of interaction with traditional market structures.

Study on the Joint Optimization Mode of Electric Energy and Regulation Market

Introduction As the guarantee for the stable of the power system， the marketization of the regulation auxiliary service has been put on the agenda. The energy-regulation joint optimization becomes a mode of market organization. This paper aims to study the combined optimization model of the electric energy-regulation market considering the performance difference of frequency modulation resources in the PJM market background. Method Regulation auxiliary service pricing adjustment model and the joint clearing model of electric energy and regulation market considering the difference of fast and slow regulation resources and regulation performance was proposed in this paper， which were applied to the simulation of a real power grid to compared with domestic electric energy - regulation step clearing market. Two typical scenarios were set up in wet season and dry season. The clearing of regulation resources， the influence on the electricity purchase cost in the spot market and the active degree of regulation market were studied in detail. Result In the stepwise clearing mode， the rapid regulation resource has obvious advantages and causes the increase of electricity purchase cost in the electricity market. In the electricity-regulation joint optimization model， the clearing results of fast and slow regulation resources are affected by the pricing adjustment strategy and the increase rate of electricity purchase costs in the power market is smaller than that in the stepwise model， and the clearing price and fluctuation degree in the regulation market are higher than that in the stepwise clearing mode model. Conclusion The combined optimization mode of electric-regulation modulation with reasonable price adjustment strategy is helpful to realize reasonable competition among units with different regulation performance and stimulate market vitality.

Lo popular y lo moderno. Exhibir arquitectura popular en el México de los años cincuenta

<p class="p2">En octubre de 1952, la exposición <em>Arquitectura popular mexicana </em>se inauguró en la Ciudad Universitaria (CU) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). La presentación de imágenes de arquitectura vernácula dentro de edificios identificados con la cúspide del movimiento moderno de México sugirió la cómoda convivencia y los principios compartidos entre lo moderno y lo vernáculo, además de la utilidad de la cultura vernácula para inspirar y contextualizar la arquitectura moderna de México como única, específica y atemporal. Sin embargo, a través de su modo de organización y exhibición, la exposición convirtió los edificios específicos en símbolos y posicionó a la arquitectura vernácula y a sus constructores como respaldo, extensivo a una modernidad arquitectónica específicamente mexicana.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>

Centralized Cooperation for Connected and Automated Vehicles at Intersections by Proximal Policy Optimization

Connected vehicles will change the modes of future transportation management and organization, especially at an intersection without traffic light. Centralized coordination methods globally coordinate vehicles approaching the intersection from all sections by considering their states altogether. However, they need substantial computation resources since they own a centralized controller to optimize the trajectories for all approaching vehicles in real-time. In this paper, we propose a centralized coordination scheme of automated vehicles at an intersection without traffic signals using reinforcement learning (RL) to address low computation efficiency suffered by current centralized coordination methods. We first propose an RL training algorithm, model accelerated proximal policy optimization (MA-PPO), which incorporates a prior model into proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm to accelerate the learning process in terms of sample efficiency. Then we present the design of state, action and reward to formulate centralized coordination as an RL problem. Finally, we train a coordinate policy in a simulation setting and compare computing time and traffic efficiency with a coordination scheme based on model predictive control (MPC) method. Results show that our method spends only 1/400 of the computing time of MPC and increase the efficiency of the intersection by 4.5 times.

Innovation of Interactive Dulcimer Teaching Mode Based on Digital Multimedia Technology

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Using the factor analysis method of mathematical modeling, the agricultural development level and farmers' income level, tobacco resource allocation mode and factor input mode, tobacco production and management subject and production organization mode, tobacco planting benefit and farmers' income level in typical areas of Guizhou Province were investigated. This paper analyzes the factors and contributions affecting the development status of tobacco industry, and finds out the problems existing in resource allocation mode, factor input mode, tobacco planting scale level and tobacco production organization mode. Finally, collect and sort out the resource allocation data of tobacco planting subjects in 33 districts and counties of flue-cured tobacco counties (districts), and analyze the characteristic factors of tobacco resources.</span>

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Biosynthesis and Post Synthesis Mechanisms Combine Few Enzymes and Few Core Proteins to Generate Extensive Structural and Functional Diversity.

Glycosylation is a common and widespread post-translational modification that affects a large majority of proteins. Of these, a small minority, about 20, are specifically modified by the addition of heparan sulfate, a linear polysaccharide from the glycosaminoglycan family. The resulting molecules, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, nevertheless play a fundamental role in most biological functions by interacting with a myriad of proteins. This large functional repertoire stems from the ubiquitous presence of these molecules within the tissue and a tremendous structural variety of the heparan sulfate chains, generated through both biosynthesis and post synthesis mechanisms. The present review focusses on how proteoglycans are “gagosylated” and acquire structural complexity through the concerted action of Golgi-localized biosynthesis enzymes and extracellular modifying enzymes. It examines, in particular, the possibility that these enzymes form complexes of different modes of organization, leading to the synthesis of various oligosaccharide sequences.

Functions of the CXCL12 Receptor ACKR3/CXCR7-What Has Been Perceived and What Has Been Overlooked.

The CXCL12 system is central to the development of many organs and is further crucially engaged in pathophysiological processes underlying cancer, inflammation, and cardiovascular disorders. This disease-associated role presently focuses major interest on the two CXCL12 receptors, CXCR4 and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3)/CXCR7, as promising therapeutic targets. Major obstacles in these ongoing efforts are confusing reports on the differential use of either ACKR3/CXCR7 and/or CXCR4 across various cells as well as on the specific function(s) of ACKR3/CXCR7. Although basically no doubts remain that CXCR4 represents a classic chemokine receptor, functions assigned to ACKR3/CXCR7 range from those of a strictly silent scavenger receptor eventually modulating CXCR4 signaling to an active and independent signaling receptor. In this review, we depict a thorough analysis of our present knowledge on different modes of organization and functions of the cellular CXCL12 system. We further highlight the potential role of ACKR3/CXCR7 as a "crosslinker" of different receptor systems. Finally, we discuss mechanisms with the potency to impinge on the cellular organization of the CXCL12 system and hence might represent additional future therapeutic targets. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Delineating the recognized functions of atypical chemokine receptor 3 and CXCR4 in CXCL12 signaling is central to the more detailed understanding of the role of the CXCL12 system in health and disease and will help to guide future research efforts.

Combining an evaluation grid application to assess ecosystem services of urban green spaces and a socioeconomic spatial analysis

ABSTRACT The complex interaction of ecological and social systems has shaped the cities through the time. This fosters the need to develop interdisciplinary approaches to urban issues by combining natural and social sciences. Cities, as the predominant mode of social organization, are vulnerable to social and environmental challenges which urban green spaces (UGS) can contribute to solve by the ecosystem services (ES) that can provide. The objective was to assess the quality of UGS framed by the ES classification and relate with the provision of these services in areas of distinct socioeconomic and environmental deprivation. An evaluation grid was applied in 25 UGS in the city of Porto. Socioeconomic and environmental deprivation index applied by the Porto City Hall in the Municipal Master plan to divide the city into 5 clusters of deprivation was used to select 5 UGS of each cluster. In the most deprived communities, namely in clusters of high and very high socioeconomic and environmental deprivation, the quality of UGS is lower than in the less vulnerable ones. Besides this, it was found that some UGS located in clusters with higher vulnerability have an overall good quality, namely those located in historic and touristic areas of the city. The evaluation grid may be useful to the local authorities to diagnose, monitor and evaluate the ES of UGS and to identify situations of environmental injustice contributing to pursue the implementation of sustainable development goals at a local level.

‘Down with communism – Power to the people’: The legacies of 1989 and beyond

This special issue brings together reflections on the thirtieth anniversary of the revolutions of 1989 and considers their consequences for our understandings of European and global society. What seemed for some at least the surprising and rapid collapse of Eastern European state socialism prompted rethinking in social theory about the potential for emancipatory politics and new modes of social and political organization. At the same time, there was increased reflection on the nature of varieties of capitalism and the meaning of socialism beyond the failure of at least its etatist and autarkic mode. The five articles here and the editors’ introduction address themes such as utopian hopes, civil society, the transformation of Europe, the world beyond 1989, and new configurations of power and conflict.

Do Multinationals Transplant their Business Model?

Abstract What determines whether or not multinational firms transplant the mode of organisation to other countries? We embed the theory of knowledge hierarchies in an industry equilibrium model of monopolistic competition to examine how the economic environment may affect the decision of multinational firms about transplanting the mode of organisation to other countries. We test the theory with original and matched parent and affiliate data on the level of decentralisation of 660 Austrian and German multinational firms and 2,200 of their affiliate firms in Eastern Europe. We find that market competition in both home and host markets is an important driver of organisational transfer to host countries: an increase in competition in the home (host) market by ten percentage points lowers (increases) the probability of transplanting by nine (seven) percentage points.

Sobre la dimensión representacional de la psique según Cornelius Castoriadis

This paper proposes to recover the philosophical and psychoanalytic thought of Cornelius Castoriadis to deepen understanding of the representational dimension of the psychic life. First, I return to the way in which this author positions himself regarding the Freudian work and his ideas about the articulation between psyche, representation and imagination. Then, I address the original capacity of representation that Castoriadis postulates at the level of the psyche, revisiting the problems of the delegation of the drive and the emergence of the primal phantasies in the Freudian psychoanalytic tradition. Finally, I propose a way of understanding the alterations of this representational capacity as stratified “modes of organization”, that is, as capacities of “putting into form” and “putting into meaning” qualitatively differentiable that are instituted in subjectivity during the psychogenesis.

Novos estudos de geo-história do português: o padrão escrito contemporâneo em Angola

Este artigo apresenta os fundamentos da pesquisa em desenvolvimento na UERJ, com o apoio do CNPq. Intitula-se "Novos Estudos Geo-Históricos do Português: a modalidade escrita contemporânea" e adota critérios de seleção de textos que se ajustam quanto ao gênero, ao domínio discursivo e aos modos de organização textual. Subdivide-se em três campos principais, construídos e intitulados simétrica e coerentemente, a saber: (a) "O português em textos jornalísticos"; (b) "O português em textos acadêmicos"; e (c) "O português em textos literários". O artigo analisa a linguagem do romance "A Cidade e as Duas Órfãs Malditas", de Luís Fernando.

CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL GEOGRAPHIC NATIONAL CONDITION MONITORING QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM

Abstract. The fundamental geographic national condition monitoring uses high-resolution aerial and aerospace remote sensing images to produce digital orthophoto images, land cover classification, geographical and national conditions, databases, statistical analysis and other results to monitor land changes within China's territory, the cycle is once a year. At present, the achievements have been applied in the fields of natural resource management, environmental protection and governance, people's livelihood guarantee, emergency disaster relief, and so on, it is of great significance to provide integrated, standardized and reliable geographic information products to meet the needs of ecological civilization construction. In view of the actual situation of the geographical conditions of the country, such as the organizational mode of production, the technical methods and the requirements of the results, this paper discusses the innovative development of the quality control method, the quality control content, the results quality evaluation and software development, etc. , having established a basic quality control system for monitoring the geographical conditions of the country, and applied it in the quality control work of monitoring the geographical conditions of the country carried out in the past four years from 2016 to 2019, effectively guaranteeing the quality of the results, it also provides reference and reference for other important engineering quality control work.

Performance measurement in the parallel interdependent processes systems under decentralized and centralized modes

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric technique that is widely used in measuring the performance (efficiency) of decision-making units (DMUs). Many network DEA models have been built to investigate the internal structure of a system, which was considered a “black box” in traditional DEA models. However, the interdependent relationship between system components is rarely considered in performance evaluation. Interdependent processes system has become common in production systems because of complex competition. In this study, we build a novel DEA model to investigate the efficiency of a parallel system with two interdependent components. Furthermore, decentralized and centralized models are built to respectively measure the efficiency of DMUs in decentralized and centralized organization modes. The analysis shows that fewer inputs can produce more outputs but fewer wastes among the components under the centralized mode. Finally, our approach is verified through a numerical example and an application to Chinese high-level universities.

Study on City-Level Optimization of Tourism Industry Spatial Organization Nodes and Organization Mode for Tourist Destinations

Reasonable spatial organization of the tourism industry can improve the utilization efficiency of regional tourism industry elements. Taking Dalian City in China as an example, this paper collects various types of tourism industry data and introduces GIS network analysis technology into tourism studies to determine the location, scale, and number of tourism nodes in Dalian and optimize the spatial organization nodes and organization models of the tourism industry. This will help ease the pressure on tourism reception in the southern area of Dalian and promote better development and utilization of tourism resources and tourism facilities in the central and northern regions. The results show that (1) when using the “minimizing facility points” model, a total of 17 second-level tourism nodes and 5 first-level tourism nodes are obtained after optimization. The location of these nodes is highly correlated with the level of tourist scenic spots, while tourist scenic spots play a significant role in leading and driving tourism nodes. (2) Using the “maximum coverage” model for optimization, 3138 tourism enterprises are connected with tourism nodes, thus realizing the shortest traffic path between tourism enterprises and tourism nodes, which minimizes the total cost of network services. Compared with suburban areas, enterprises in urban tourism areas are densely distributed, meaning that a smaller service radius of tourism nodes can cover more enterprises. (3) A total of 10 first-level tourism channels and 12 second-level tourism channels are optimized using the “nearest facility” model. The first-level tourism channels are mainly distributed in the central and southern areas of Dalian. These channels connect nodes mainly through national and provincial roads. The second-level tourism channels are mainly distributed in the central and northern areas of Dalian. (4) This study aims to analyze the evolution process of the spatial organization mode of Dalian’s tourism industry and construct a hub-spoke network tourism industry spatial organization mode composed of 17 hubs, 22 spokes, and 22 tourism domains. The analysis and construction are designed according to the optimization results of tourism nodes and tourism channels. The research results enrich the theories and technical means of tourism industry spatial organization and provide references and suggestions for local governments or tourism planning decision-makers; they also provide a scientific basis for the rational allocation of tourism industry elements and promote the rational distribution of tourism industry.

“Just-in-Place” labor: Driver organizing in the Uber workplace

This paper examines the socio-spatial dynamics of worker agency in the platform economy in the Washington, D.C. region. Drawing on the field of labor geography, we document the collective and inherently spatial conditions of laboring under and through new technologies for three years prior to, and six months after, a strike by Uber drivers in May 2019. In doing so, we explore what Uber’s platform means for the production, accumulation, and contestation of power. We argue that the big innovation of this platform is the creation of a “just-in-place” worker. Akin to those materials for assembly lines that arrived just-in-time for production, so too do drivers end up in just the right place for Uber’s services to be offered. We also argue that Uber’s attempts to keep its workers “just-in-place,” which generally isolate and disempower drivers, can actually enable new modes of organization. At a D.C. airport, drivers who were emplaced in a parking lot overcame one of the fundamental conditions of the Uber workplace: socio-spatial atomization. The airport became a space in which the “just-in-place” worker could, at least for a time, challenge such emplacement and exercise a form of collective worker agency by re-working Uber’s dynamic pricing system.

The key roles of economic and social organization and producer and consumer behaviour towards a health-agriculture-food-environment nexus: recent advances and future prospects

We discuss in this paper the role of the economic and social organization in agriculture and the food industry, in relation with the Health-Agriculture-Food-Environment (HAFEN) concept. The aim is to better understand the potential impact of the implementation of this concept in food consumption and production systems in terms of research needs. The paper suggests a research agenda dedicated to the modes of social and economic organization of key stakeholders in the implementation of nexus-based systems, facilitating the convergence among health, food and environmental objectives. Based on a literature survey, three main topics are discussed: (a) processes and drivers of change of food consumption practices; (b) coordination and multi-agent governance modes to better account for health issues in agrifood systems and (c) the analysis of paradigms that put forward health as an entry point to reshape existing agricultural and food systems, and associated modes of knowledge production. For each of these topics, we suggest a selection of research priorities for the future and conclude with methodological perspectives on the HAFEN.