Screen Mobile Devices Research Articles

Android-Based Public Transport Violation Reporting Application

The rise of violations of traffic regulations and standard operating procedures for Batik Solo Trans public transport by public transport drivers is caused by weak law enforcement with limitations of law enforcement officials in its implementation. In this regard, a tool is needed to support law enforcement, particularly in relation to the violation reporting system of the traffic and standard operating procedures for Batik Solo Trans public transport. The reporting tool must be effective, efficient and transparent in its reporting system. The aim of the study is to develop an Android-based public transport violation reporting application called BST Watch App. Android is a Linux-based operating system designed for touch screen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android is an operating system with open source and Google releases the code under the Apache License. The application system is created by using the java programming language. The results of public transport violations characteristic analysis in the study area indicate that the type of violation which is often occurs is picking up and dropping off passengers at outside the bus stop. The implementation of the BST Watch App shows that this application is easy to use, practical, accurate, and transparent.

Smartphone Screen Integrated Optical Breathalyzer.

One third of fatal car accidents and so many tragedies are due to alcohol abuse. These sad numbers could be mitigated if everyone had access to a breathalyzer anytime and anywhere. Having a breathalyzer built into a phone or wearable technology could be the way to get around reluctance to carry a separate device. With this goal, we propose an inexpensive breathalyzer that could be integrated in the screens of mobile devices. Our technology is based on the evaporation rate of the fog produced by the breath on the phone screen, which increases with increasing breath alcohol content. The device simply uses a photodiode placed on the side of the screen to measure the signature of the scattered light intensity from the phone display that is guided through the stress layer of the Gorilla glass screen. A part of the display light is coupled to the stress layer via the evanescent field induced at the edge of the breath microdroplets. We demonstrate that the intensity signature measured at the detector can be linked to blood alcohol content. We fabricated a prototype in a smartphone case powered by the phone’s battery, controlled by an application installed on the smartphone, and tested it in real-world environments. Limitations and future work toward a fully operational device are discussed.

Effect of Sitallization Conditions on the Hardness of Transparent Sitalls in the System ZnO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2

Reliable protection of the screens of next-generation mobile devices requires the use of transparent materials which are stronger than glass. In the present work the influence of the conditions of sitallization on the structure and properties of sitalls based on the system ZnO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 was studied; it was shown that these sitalls show promise for such purposes. Optimization of the sitallization regime makes it possible to increase the microhardness of the materials to > 900 HV while preserving transparency.

Responsive Redesign and its Effects on Perceived Usefulness

This paper describes the introduction of a new website at TCGplayer, who provide an online store for Magic the Gathering collectible cards. This paper describes an experiment that was undertaken to test a new, responsive design, against the current, non-responsive design. It was predicted that redesigning the shopping cart for a mobile device screen, will result in a higher Perceived Usability (PU), and higher satisfaction, as indexed using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).

WITHDRAWN: Application of Lightweight Convolution Neural network and Mobile Platform in Music MOCC Hybrid Teaching

Abstract Hybrid Teaching is a student who can participate in the conference on campus, digital and campus activities, and a mixture of digital conversation or a different time zone. The Maintenance Operations Control Center (MOCC) is responsible for maintaining versions of all system resource scheduling and illegal operation management. Android is a modified version based on Linux kernel, and other open-source software has been mainly used for the mobile operating system that has been designed for touch screen mobile devices such as smartphones. The drawback of the existing method does not give proper update results and takes more time. The Proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Algorithm is given proper update results and gives a short time for every week update in the method.

Models and Methodologies for Automated Creating of Webpage Mobile Versions

There are still many outdated web pages on the Internet that are difficult to browse with small screen mobile devices. Software tools are needed to aid mobile users by generating mobile versions of web pages, depending on the parameters of the specific mobile device, which is used. The main aim of this paper is to present a technique, a conceptual and computer model of an application for automated generation of mobile pages. In the following are considered methodologies for redesign and dynamic design of web pages. A five-layer architecture of the Mobiles Online application is presented. It includes database layer, database management layer, business logic layer, web services layer and presentation layer.

Impact of Skim Reading Based on Different Screen Sizes

Digital technologies have identified themselves in several application domains. This has resulted in massive data availability over the internet. These web contents are generally too long to read. The reader, therefore, skims over the matter because of the limited time available while focusing on understanding the concept of the subject. A hypothesis suggests that full-screen skimming provides a better understanding of ideas as compared to mobile screen skimming. The small size of a mobile device screen is facilitated by a scrolling feature to cover the entire text. In contrast, a full screen provides a larger chunk of text on the screen. In this paper, a software prototype has been developed which sums the contents of the screen in short precis both for computer and mobile screen readers. Experiments have been conducted to analyze the memory of the readers in understanding the meaning of the given text on different screen sizes. The text used in the reading activity experiments has been classified as 1) important, 2) unimportant, and 3) inference sentences. In this study, a total of 50 participants performed a reading activity for a specific time, followed by an evaluation of the text in the form of true or false sentences. The memory of the participants was thereafter analyzed. It was observed that the skimming approach showed better memory about topics and ideas on a computer screen compared to the mobile screen. Thus, the findings of the study were validated in support of the skimming process known as satisficing.

The Effect of Screen Size on Students’ Cognitive Load in Mobile Learning

<p>Mobile learning is becoming a crucial tool in this era of face-to-face shutdown of education, and however the whole process currently faces a significant deficiency due to the kind of cognitive load that does exist and its relation with mobile device screen display size. It is well-established that certain screen sizes are more effective than others. This study aims to investigate the effect of screen size on students’ cognitive load in mobile learning. Specifically, it investigates whether screen size has a role in cognitive role and draws a comparison to reflect on the most effective size to be used in the context of mobile learning. Other factors that might interfere in the process were also investigated which include course content, gender, age, and students' GPA to see whether they play any additional role in burdening the cognitive load when using different screen sizes. To test the effect of screen size on cognitive load, an online survey was distributed to 1,570 students of the University of Jeddah who are studying at the foundation year for the academic year of 2018-2018, particularly for eight online courses. The sample was chosen randomly, where all members of the population, 6,500 students, had equal opportunities to participate in the study. Participants were invited via e-mail by sending an invitation to participate along with the questionnaire link on the "Qualrrics" platform. This research data analysis technique used ANOVA and curve estimation. The research findings revealed that small screen display size produces the lowest cognitive load as compared with larger display screens. This study also supports the use mobile learning process and gives recommendations to the instructional designers in order to make learning experiences more effective. The results of this study suggest a proper use of screen size can improve learning from smartphones, making them equal to learning from laptops and reducing the overloaded cognitive load that may affect students' understanding and hinder retention. Hence, implications were discussed, and further research recommendations were then provided.</p>

An eye-tracking paradigm to explore the effect of online consumers’ emotion on their visual behaviour between desktop screen and mobile screen

ABSTRACT With the exponential growth of mobile smartphones, shopping through them has received considerable attention from online retailers, who wish to offer an interactive and personalised online shopping marketing. However, interactive mobile shopping marketing is still in the early stages of development, and the impact of individual shopping context, such as emotional state of online shoppers’ visual behaviour, is unexplored yet. To address this question, this study adopted the eye-tracking paradigm to examine the ways in which consumers’ pattern of visual attention varies according to their emotional states (positive vs. negative) in mobile screen compared with desktop screen. Results revealed that those with negative emotion paid greater visual attention to online shopping information presented on the mobile and desktop screen than with positive emotion consumers. The gap of the impact of emotional state on consumers’ visual behaviour was more evident in the case of the small screen of mobile device. Regardless of emotional status, visual attention was more highly appeared in mobile screen than desktop screen.

Social inequalities in traditional and emerging screen devices among Portuguese children: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundChildren are often exposed to too much screen time but few studies have explored the use of old and new digital media among young children. This study assesses screen time, including traditional and mobile devices, in pre-school and elementary school-aged children, according to their gender, age, and socioeconomic position (SEP).MethodsA total of 8430 children (3 to 10 years; 50.8% boys) from the north, center and south-central Portugal were included in the present study. Data was collected by a parental questionnaire during 2016/2017. Children’s screen time (by media device, weekdays and at the weekend; calculated by mean minutes per day) were reported by parents. Analysis were carried to compare screen time by children’s age, gender and family SEP (classified using father’s educational degree).ResultsDaily screen time was high both in children aged 3 to 5 and 6 to 10 years – 154 min/day (95% CI: 149.51–158.91) and 200.79 min/day (95% CI: 197.08–204.50), respectively – and the majority of children, independently of their gender, exceed the recommended 2 h/day of screen viewing. Children are still primarily engaging in screen time through television but the use of mobile devices, particularly tablets, were already high among 3 year-old children and increased with age. SEP was a negative predictor of screen time in the linear regression analysis, including after adjustment.ConclusionsConsidering the negative health impacts of excessive screen time, recognizing subgroups at risk of excessive screen time and identifying how each device is used according to age is fundamental to enable appropriate future interventions. The screen time in children aged 3–10 years is longer than the recommended, particularly among boys and in those children from lower SEP. Parents and policymakers should have in mind that children spend most of their screen time watching television but mobile devices are becoming extremely popular starting at a young age.

Analisis Pengaruh Citra Merek dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Loyalitas Pengguna Smartphone Android dengan Kepuasan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Di Lingkungan Mahasiswa Universitas Bandung Raya

Abstract : Along with the development of the telecommunications industry in Indonesia, making communication both close and long distance communication becomes easier and smoother. Cellular phone (cellphone) is one of the communication technologies that has developed from year to year. The Android operating system is a Linux-based operating system designed for touch screen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. By providing a development platform that is open (open source), Android developers offer the ability to build applications that are very rich and innovative and of course very profitable for consumers because it is relatively freeware (most applications are free). This study tries to examine the effect of brand image and product quality on the loyalty of Android-based smartphone users in the University of Bandung Raya environment, both directly and indirectly through satisfaction as an intervening variable. This study uses a survey approach and the nature of this research is explanatory research. The population in this study were Bandung Raya University students who used registered and active Android-based smartphones from 2017 odd semester until 2018. The sampling method used was the non-probability sampling method with a total of 100 people. The sampling technique is done by purposive sampling. Hypothesis testing uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. Through the analysis of indirect influence data, only product quality has a significant effect on loyalty through student satisfaction at the University of Bandung Raya. Whereas through direct influence, obtained only brand image and satisfaction that have a significant effect on loyalty within the University of Bandung Raya students.

Development of a data collection system for a CNC system using cloud FRED technology and OPC UA specification

Collecting data from process equipment is currently an interesting task. The use of complex SCADA systems is not always possible and is usually an expensive solution. For some tasks, in-depth analysis of the received technological information is not needed, but visualization of the necessary data is sufficient. In control systems, it is usually not possible to create custom HMI screens. The use of new approaches based on web technologies and cloud solutions allows collecting and visualizing data on web pages and screens of mobile devices. The article shows a solution for collecting data from a CNC system using the OPC UA protocol and subsequent data visualization based on the FRED cloud platform in the required format with the ability to configure HMI screens.

A Novel Method of Detecting Chinese Rendered Text on Tilted Screen of Mobile Devices

Due to the development of the Internet, screen rendered text detection and recognition have wide applications such as screen capture translation, medical text reading, screen text assisted reading and so on. A large number of screen-rendered attentions have been paid to the English text detection, multi-language scene detection and indefinite length recognition. However, these studies mainly focus on getting the screen rendered image from the device itself. In the actual scene, lots of screen rendered text is mainly captured by the mobile device, and text image has a certain capturing angle. Because of the tilted text line, the current method has a severe degradation in detection performance. This paper proposes a Chinese-style scene text detection method for tilting screens capturing by mobile devices. Firstly, in order to obtain robust detection performance, the Connectionist Text Proposal Network (CTPN) method is employed for horizontal text detection. Secondly, to overcome the dependence of detection on horizontal text, the lightweight Oxford Visual Geometry Group network (VGGnet) is used to correct the tilted direction of the whole image. Moreover, the word width of special characters and punctuation characters are far below average value, so this paper uses the Gaussian removal method to delete the narrow word width and designed a more accurate network to recognize characters. Experiments show that based on the comprehensive scheme, this paper achieves excellent results, even in some extreme bad cases.

HCI on the Table: Robust Gesture Recognition Using Acoustic Sensing in Your Hand

The paper proposes a new HCI mechanism for device-free gesture recognition on the table using acoustic signal, which can extend the gesture input and interactions beyond the tiny screen of mobile device and allow users to provide input without blocking screen view. Previous researches have either relied on additional devices (e.g., special wearable device and mouse) or required active acoustic signals which demand additional cost and be less prone to popularize, while we explore the device-free gesture recognition using passive acoustic signals. This technology is more challenging due to the lack of an effective approach to eliminate the inherent ambient noise disturbances and extract stable gesture features. We fuse both short time energy (STE) and zero-crossing rate (ZCR) to identify the effective signals from the original input, and leverage the Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), cochlear filter cepstral coefficients (CFCC) to extract the stable features from different gestures. The unique features in support vector machine (SVM) classifier achieve a high gesture recognition accuracy from the noisy scenarios and mismatched conditions. Implementation on the Android system has realized real-time processing of the feature extraction and gesture recognition. Extensive evaluations show our algorithm has a better noise tolerant performance and the system could recognize seven common gestures (click, flip left/right, scroll up/down, zoom in/out) on smart devices with an accuracy of 93.2%.

The Effect of a Screen Protector on Blue Light Intensity Emitted from Different Hand-held Devices.

PURPOSE:In response to growing concern about the effect of blue light on ocular tissue, companies have created mobile device screen protectors to block blue light. This project evaluates one of these screen protectors' ability to reduce blue light intensity.METHODS:The intensity of light at 450 nm from an iPhone 8, iPhone X, and iPad was measured in a dark room. The averages of three measurements were taken with and without the screen protector at different distances, settings of brightness, and Apple's night shift (NS) mode. Results were analyzed using paired t-tests.RESULTS:At 33 cm, 100% brightness, and 0% NS, the screen protector decreased intensity by 43.9%, 32.3%, and 34.9% for the iPhone 8, iPhone X, and iPad, respectively. At 33 cm and 100% brightness, increasing NS mode from 0% to 100% decreased intensity by 81.2%, 84.2%, and 86.5%. At 33 cm without NS, decreasing the brightness from 100% to 0% decreased intensity by 99.5%, 99.8%, and 97.8%.CONCLUSIONS:The screen protector decreased the intensity at 450 nm for every setting other than those at 0% brightness. Decreasing brightness and applying NS mode were more effective in reducing blue light. More research is needed to determine the benefits of decreasing blue light exposure from electronic devices.

Strengthen user authentication on mobile devices by using user\u2019s touch dynamics pattern

Mobile devices, particularly the touch screen mobile devices, are increasingly used to store and access private and sensitive data or services, and this has led to an increased demand for more secure and usable security services, one of which is user authentication. Currently, mobile device authentication services mainly use a knowledge-based method, e.g. a PIN-based authentication method, and, in some cases, a fingerprint-based authentication method is also supported. The knowledge-based method is vulnerable to impersonation attacks, while the fingerprint-based method can be unreliable sometimes. To overcome these limitations and to make the authentication service more secure and reliable for touch screen mobile device users, we have investigated the use of touch dynamics biometrics as a mobile device authentication solution by designing, implementing and evaluating a touch dynamics authentication method. This paper describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of this method, the acquisition of raw touch dynamics data, the use of the raw data to obtain touch dynamics features, and the training of the features to build an authentication model for user identity verification. The evaluation results show that by integrating the touch dynamics authentication method into the PIN-based authentication method, the protection levels against impersonation attacks is greatly enhanced. For example, if a PIN is compromised, the success rate of an impersonation attempt is drastically reduced from 100% (if only a 4-digit PIN is used) to 9.9% (if both the PIN and the touch dynamics are used).

Application of BYOD technology in education on the example of Lecture Racing mobile application

The article describes the use of BYOD technology (Bring Your Own Device) in educational practice using the Lecture Racing mobile application. This application provides feedback between the teacher and students both in the classroom and during distance learning, contributes to the visualization of educational material and, in general, the informatization of the educational process. The purpose of the study is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of BYOD technology in Russia and abroad, and to test the benefits of using this technology in educational practice using the specific mobile application. During the study, an analysis of scientific, theoretical and practical literature on BYOD technology was carried out. In the process of experimental work, test tasks were the instrument of measuring knowledge and skills of students. As a result of a theoretical analysis and study of the practical possibilities of using BYOD technology (using the Lecture Racing mobile application as an example), it was found that this technology allows you to visualize information that is displayed in real time on the screen of each student's mobile device, regardless of its location. This technology also allows both the student and the teacher to quickly work with information, provide feedback, receive an independent assessment (since the assessment is set automatically), saves time, and develops the information culture of students.

Quality Assessment of Websites Providing Information on Human Papillomavirus Vaccines in Thailand.

Objectives:To assess the quality of websites that provide information about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination using the criteria laid out by the World Health Organization Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety. Methods:This study assessed the quality of 154 Thai-language websites accessible in November 2018 via the three most popular search engines. Differences in scores were reported as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results:With regard to credibility, all of the websites examined indicated their mission but, in most cases (91.6%), lacked transparency with regard to sponsorship. In terms of content, almost all of the websites (97.4%) met our writing/editing and content accuracy standards but did not provide complete information regarding the benefits of vaccination or adverse events associated with it. None of the websites contained information regarding their editorial/review process. All of the websites were accessible and were designed to be adaptable to mobile device screens. News and personal websites had lower credit scores than those of academic institutions (MD -0.63, 95% CI -1.05 to -0.20; MD -0.71, 95% CI -1.16 to -0.25, respectively). Conclusion:Most of the websites met standards in terms of writing/editing and content accuracy. However, fundamental information regarding the benefits and adverse events associated with HPV vaccination were infrequently reported, the editorial process and transparency issues were rarely addressed.

A Study on Head Flexion During Mobile Device Usage: An Examination of Sitting, Standing, and Lying Down Positions

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mobile device screen size and different positions on head posture. Participants’ angle of head flexion was measured when they were sitting, lying on their back, and standing while using mobile devices of different sizes. Results showed that participants had a greater head flexion when standing compared to both sitting and lying down. However, there were no significant differences in head flexion while participants used mobile devices of different sizes. There were no sex differences in the sitting and standing conditions. For lying down, females had a significantly greater angle of head flexion compared to males. Future research should examine sex differences in physical body structure to have a better understanding of the physical complications associated with device usage. Consumers should be advised how certain positions lead to greater head flexion, which could lead to greater musculoskeletal pain.

User-Centred Design in Content Management System Development: The Case of EMasters

Including users in design and development of an interactive product is crucial to achieve high level of usability. Content management systems have two categories of users, content creators and content consumers, and designers of these systems have to considers the needs of both user groups. In design of interactive learning systems, special attention has to be given to the process of learning, which means that functional, accessible and usable interface has to serve the purpose of knowledge acquisition. Designing for mobile learning brings additional challenges due to the small screens of mobile devices. The paper describes the process of utilization of user-centred design in development of a simple content management system for learning called EMasters. The aim of the EMasters is to enable teachers to easily create and organize courses which will be delivered to students to facilitate web-based and mobile learning. According to the user-centred design approach, teachers and students are involved in iterative process of design, implementation and evaluation of EMasters. Evaluation study used complementary methods and provided quantitative and qualitative feedback. The usability score reached good level and the guidelines for redesign of the system interface are drown. According to the obtained results, proposed framework is confirmed to be applicable in user-centred design of content management systems in general. In addition, the directions for adjustment of the framework for specific cases are provided.