Mixture Of Ethanolamine Research Articles

CO2 gas-liquid equilibrium study and machine learning analysis in MEA-DMEA blended amine solutions

The combination of primary and tertiary amines represents a promising approach to improve sorbent performance in CO2 capture by enhancing absorption efficiency and reducing regeneration energy. This study focuses on investigating the absorption performance of binary mixtures of ethanolamine (MEA) and N,N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) at temperatures between 298–323 K and CO2 partial pressures between 5–60 kPa. The species generated during the absorption were analyzed using 13C NMR spectroscopy, to clarify the intricate role of MEA and DMEA in the capture process. A developed excess property model for MEA-DMEA, based on excess CO2 loading, predicted equilibrium CO2 solubility data with an average absolute relative deviation (AARD) of 1.6 %. Additionally, the machine learning models XGBoost, RBFNN, and SVR were applied, providing AARD values between 0.86 % and 1.28 %, demonstrating strong agreement between experimental and predicted outcomes. These comprehensive findings enhance our understanding of mixed amines’ mechanisms and practical applications, contributing to ongoing research development.

Enhanced ion separation by amine grafted graphene oxide-tripolyphosphate anionic composite membrane based on polyvinylidene fluoride

The amine functionalized graphene oxide (GO) was prepared via a chemical reaction. This was achieved by reacting GO with a mixture of ethanolamine, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, and sodium tripolyphosphate (STTP). The amine-functionalized graphene oxide (EGOS) with varying STTP:GO weight ratios was then used to fabricate cation-exchange membranes (CEMs) based on polyvinylidene fluoride. The characterizations of the modified EGOS samples were investigated using various techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Furthermore, the influence of the STTP:GO weight ratio in the EGOS samples on the properties of the fabricated CEMs was investigated using different experimental methods. More desirable characteristics were recorded for the EGOS-based CEMs compared to GO-containing membranes. The top-performance membrane comprising EGOS0.5 (STTP: GO weight ratio of 0.5:1) demonstrated a remarkable water content of 45.6 ± 1.3 %, and an ion exchange capacity of 3.6 ± 0.3 meq g−1. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that this membrane has the lowest resistance of 1.5 Ω cm2, which was considerably (86.96 %) less than the value obtained for the unmodified GO-containing reference membrane (11.5 Ω cm2). The diffusion coefficient of sodium ions through the fabricated CEMs was investigated via electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the Randles-Sevceks equation and the highest value was obtained for EGOS0.5-based CEMs.

Studies on Orpiment (As2S3) Quantum Dots and their Self-Assemblies

The natural mineral orpiment (As2S3) has long been used in traditional medicines for various diseases, although it is poorly soluble and has resulting low bioavailability. In this study, orpiment quantum dots (QDs) belonging to rare V–VI binary QDs were first synthesised through top-down and bottom-up routes, in which a mixture of ethanolamine and triethanolamine was used as a coordinating solvent. The as-synthesised orpiment QDs have a narrow size distribution, superior solubility, strong blue photoluminescence emission, and good stability. Preliminary in vitro cytotoxicity studies show that orpiment QDs are less cytotoxic for human normal dermal fibroblast cells but more potent against murine melanoma B16 cells through induction of apoptosis. Moreover, self-assemblies of orpiment QDs were fabricated through destroying the protective surface ligand layer surrounding the inner orpiment cores by addition of an acid. The underlying driving force is probably competitive reactions between the surface amine ligand and the introduced acid, leading to the exposure of the bare inner orpiment cores with high surface energy.

ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Cu2SnSe3 and Their Transformation into Cu2ZnSnSe4 Nanoparticles with Tunable Band Gap under Multibubble Sonoluminescence Conditions.

AbstractCu2SnSe3 nanoparticles are sonochemically synthesized under multibubble sonoluminescence conditions from mixtures of CuCl, SnCl2, and Se dissolved in a mixture of ethanolamine and ethylene glycol (ultrasound, 25 °C, 20 min, 78% yield).

Controlled development of pores in polyethylene terepthalate sheet by room temperature chemical etching method

In the present work, a room temperature chemical etching (RTCE) method has been explored for controlled development of pores in the chlorine ions (115MeV) bombarded polyethylene terepthalate (PET) (25μm) sheets. In this pore development method, a mixture of ethanolamine and NaOH is employed. The pore-size distributions in thus formed PET track-etched membranes have been obtained by the capillary flow porometry, and compared with the results of PET track-etched membranes subjected to widely used chemical etching (CE) at elevated temperature. Multiple pore size distributions have been observed with the CE method. However, with RTCE, pores with single narrow pore size distribution have been observed. To further improve the RTCE method, the chlorine ions bombarded PET sheets have been sensitized with UV radiation (254nm) for 1h, and subjected to RTCE. The average pore-size has been found to increase with UV-sensitization without affecting the nature of pore-size distribution, indicating the possibility of formation of the track-etch membranes with different pore sizes. Track etching studies show that both bulk-etch and track-etch rates increase in RTCE with respect to the conventional chemical etching. The ratio of the track-etch rate to bulk-etch rate governs the shape of the pores. The conical shaped pores with small cone angles are observed when track-etch rate is significantly higher than the bulk-etch rate. However, in the present case, VT is observed to be not very much greater than VB (VT/VB<100), showing the formation of double bowl pores or conical pores with large cone angles. This has been confirmed by the FEG-SEM observations.

Microwave dielectric spectra and molecular interaction in a binary mixture of ethanolamine with diethanolamine

Microwave dielectric spectra for binary mixtures of ethanolamine with diethanolamine have been determined over the frequency range of 10MHz to 20GHz, at different temperatures, using a time domain spectroscopy (TDS) method at 11 concentrations. The values of the dielectric loss (ε″) have been plotted against the dielectric constant (ε′) in the complex plane. The static dielectric constant (ε0), dielectric constant at high frequency (ε∞), and relaxation time (τ) have been determined using the Debye model, a single relaxation process. The dielectric behavior indicates a change of phase from a semi-solid to a liquid state. The effects of molecular size and number of OH group molecules on H-bond molecular interactions from Kirkwood correlation factors are presented.

Improvement on the storage performance of LiMn2O4 with the mixed additives of ethanolamine and heptamethyldisilazane

The commercial LiMn2O4 are added into the LiPF6-based electrolyte without or with the mixed additives of ethanolamine and heptamethyldisilazane to be exposed in air at 60°C for 2–6h, and the effect of different electrolytes on the storage behavior of LiMn2O4 materials and LiMn2O4/Li cells at elevated temperature is investigated comparatively for the first time by FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and charge–discharge measurements. The results show that the electrochemical performances of LiMn2O4 exposed in the LiPF6-based electrolyte become worse gradually with the storage time increasing. However, when the mixture of ethanolamine and heptamethyldisilazane as electrolyte additives is added into the LiPF6-based electrolyte, it can stabilize the original morphology and spinel structure of LiMn2O4 greatly and improve the storage performance of the material and LiMn2O4/Li cells effectively. As the commercial LiMn2O4 is exposed in the LiPF6-based electrolyte with additives for 4h at 60°C, the initial discharge capacity of 97.7mAhg−1 at 0.1C and the capacity retention of 89.14% at 1C rate after 150 cycles are much better than that LiMn2O4 exposed in the LiPF6-based electrolyte under the same conditions. Furthermore, the LiMn2O4/Li cells using the LiPF6-based electrolyte with additives exhibit higher initial discharge capacity before storage and higher capacity retention after storage at 60°C for a week compared to the cells without additives in the LiPF6-based electrolyte.

Study on CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Adsorption of Sepoilite Modified by Mixture of Ethanolamine and N, N-Dimethyl Ethanolamine

Sepoilite was surface-modified by the mixture of ethanolamine and n, n-dimethyl ethanolamine. The XRD, SEM, FT-IR, BET and TGA were used to characterize the material structure and the adsorption property in CO2. The results showed that the weight percentage of CO2 adsorption rose from 4.01% for pure sepoilite to 19.28% for the modified sepoilite at room temperature.

Study on CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Adsorption of Sepoilite Modified by Mixture of Ethanolamine and N, N-Dimethyl Ethanolamine

Sepoilite was surface-modified by the mixture of ethanolamine and n, n-dimethyl ethanolamine. The XRD, SEM, FT-IR, BET and TGA were used to characterize the material structure and the adsorption property in CO2. The results showed that the weight percentage of CO2 adsorption rose from 4.01% for pure sepoilite to 19.28% for the modified sepoilite at room temperature.

Dissolution of copper oxide by the ethanolamine and ammonium fluoride in aqueous solution

AbstractDissolution properties of copper oxide in aqueous solutions containing ethanolamine and/or ammonium fluoride have been evaluated at various pH ranges. The dissolution rate was strongly affected by the pH of the solution. The solution of ammonium fluoride showed good properties for the dissolution of copper oxide in the range of acidic conditions, whereas the solution containing ethanolamine showed a dissolution property within the basic condition. A mixture solution of ethanolamine and ammonium fluoride displayed enhanced dissolution property of copper oxide at acidic and basic conditions only. An expected synergy effect on the dissolution rate and selectivity could not be produced through a mixture of ethanolamine and ammonium fluoride in an aqueous solution. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Static permittivity and molecular interactions in binary mixtures of ethanolamine with alcohols and amides

The relative static permittivity at 1 MHz and high frequency limit permittivity at wavelength of sodium-D line of the binary mixtures of ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol) with alcohols (ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and glycerol) and amides (formamide, N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide) have been investigated over the entire concentration range at 30 °C. The excess permittivity and Kirkwood correlation factor of the binary mixtures were determined to explore the hydrogen-bonded hetero-molecular interactions and their dependence on the number of hydroxyl groups of alcohols molecules and the extent of substitution in amides molecules. Results confirm that ethanolamine form weak H-bond interactions with alcohols, N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide, but the dipolar alignments in these mixtures vary with number of hydroxyl group of alcohols and their molecular size. Comparatively strong H-bond interactions were found between ethanolamine and formamide molecules with reduce in number of parallel aligned effective dipoles.

Iodine-catalyzed synthesis of novel Hantzsch N-hydroxyethyl 1,4-dihydropyridines under mild conditions

A mixture of ethanolamine and acetic acid as ethanolammonium acetate and various aldehydes in the presence of methyl acetoacetate were converted to N-hydroxyethyl 1,4-dihydropyridines under mild and solvent-free conditions in good to excellent yields. Reactions occurred both in the presence and in the absence of molecular iodine. Molecular iodine catalyzed the described reaction efficiently and also improved the reaction yields.

Comparison of cationic demand between olive wood organosolv pulp and eucaliptus kraft pulp

The present work has evaluated the variation of cationic demand in function of refining degree for two unbleached cellulosic pulps: a eucalyptus pulp proceeding from a kraft process and an olive wood pulp proceeding from an organosolv process. In the organosolv process, a mixture of ethanolamine, sodium hydroxide and water has been used. For each kind of pulp, fines percentage, weighted medium length of fines, specific surface, carboxyl group's content, water retention value and cationic demand in function of refining degree have been obtained. Cationic demand has been evaluated by means of colloidal titration. Results obtained suggest the use of olive wood organosolv pulp for industrial purposes need to be enhanced. To achieve the same refining degree than eucalyptus pulp, a lot of refining time was needed. It has been observed also that in eucalyptus pulp, polymer fixation by ionic exchange is higher than adsorption. On the other hand in olive pulp, adsorption of cationic polymers prevailed over electrostatic interactions. The great content of fines in olive pulp and its higher values of carboxyl group's density could explain this behaviour.

Viscosities, excess molar volume of binary mixtures of ethanolamine with water at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K

The density and viscosity values of binary mixtures of ethanolamine with water were measured at 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K, using this data excess molar volume V E, viscosity deviation Δ η and excess Gibbs free energy of activation Δ G E∗ of viscous flow have been calculated. The results were fitted by Redlich–Kister equation. All mixtures show negative values of V E due to increased interactions between unlike molecules or very large differences in the molar volumes of pure components at relatively low temperature.

The Effect of Ph on Silver Staining of Nucleolus Organizer Regions

The effect of pH on silver staining of the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) of human chromosomes has been investigated between pH 6.5 and 12.0. Nonvolatile mixtures of ethanolamine and ethanolammonium nitrate replaced the ammonia of standard procedures. The optimal NOR staining obtained at pH 3.5 by the silver staining procedure of Howell and Black served as a standard; this procedure stained all ten NORs in 90% of mitoses. Similar NOR staining was found in 75% of mitoses stained at pH 11.7 or 11.8, but only in 10-15% of mitoses stained between pH 11.6 and 10.0. Between pH 10.0 and 9.0 NOR staining was incomplete, and between pH 8.5 and 6.5 there was no NOR staining.

Fluorometric detection and determination of carbohydrates by high-performance liquid chromatography using ethanolamine

Reaction of a mixture of ethanolamine and boric acid with reducing sugars gave intense fluorescence. Application of this reaction to the postcolumn derivatization in high-performance liquid chromatography provided a rapid, sensitive, and simple detection and determination of carbohydrates under a mild reaction condition. Separation and determination of carbohydrates in enzymatic hydrolysate of amylose and human serum are also described.

Ethanolamine phosphoglycerides: effect on the properties of myelinoid lecithin water systems.

The amount of swelling solution trapped when mixtures of ethanolamine and choline phosphoglycerides were dispersed in 0.145M glucose-C(14) is dependent on, but not linearly related to, the amount of ethanolamine phosphoglyceride in the mixture. The leakage of swelling solution out of such myelinoid lipid-water dispersions was, however, linearly related to the proportion of ethanolamine phosphoglyceride.

Precursors of N-acylethanolamines in hen's egg-yolk lipid

1. 1. Long-chain N-acylethanolamines can be isolated from the non-saponifiable fraction of hen's egg-yolk lipid, but a portion of them are artifacts. 2. 2. The yields of artifacts obtained by applying several saponincation and alcoholysis procedures to cephalins, and to mixtures of ethanolamine and triglycerides, have been determined. So-called mild aqueous saponincation has given the highest yield. 3. 3. Base-catalyzed aminolysis is implicated as the mechanism of artifact formation. 4. 4. N-Acylethanolamines have not been detected in yolk lipid in free state, but precursors have been detected from which the amides (10 parts/million of yolk lipid) are liberated under basic conditions. 5. 5. Deamination with ninhydrin permits liberation from the precursors without simultaneous artifact formation.

The reaction between anhydrous ethyleneimine and water

AbstractIt has been demonstrated by several physical measurements that one molecule of anhydrous ethyleneimine reacts with two molecules of water. The reaction product appears to be a chelated ethanolamine‐hydrate which is remarkably stable even in the vapour phase. On prolonged heating the chelate ring opens and a mixture of ethanolamine and water is obtained. The chelated hydrate has the previously unknown structure of a chelate ring held together solely hydrogen bonds.Sodium hydroxide converts part of the chelate into anhydrous ethyleneimine, which can be recovered distillation. Chelated ethanolamine‐hydrate and anhydrous ethyleneimine behave differently towards certain solvents. Solid sodium hydroxide in the presence of such selective solvents converts the aqueous solution of the chelated ethanolamine‐hydrate effectively to anhydrous ethyleneimine.The conversion of β‐aminoethylsulphuric acid ester or of β‐chlorethylamine hydrochloride into ethyleneimine occurs in two stages via the chelated ethanolamine‐hydrate as intermediate. The mechanism of this reaction is discussed.