Missile Launch Research Articles

China, the US, and the Law of the Sea

The South China Sea, a major transit area of international maritime traffic, is the scene of territorial and maritime claims expressed by the riparian states, including China but also Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, and Taiwan, and now represents one of the main stumbling blocks in the US-China bilateral relationship. Between October 2015 and mid-May 2016, a series of initiatives taken unilaterally by China on one side and the US on the other have greatly exacerbated the latent confrontation of the two powers in this maritime space.Chinese initiatives have essentially consisted of fitting out the Paracel Islands and some recently reclaimed reefs of the Spratly archipelago with transport infrastructure. To this end, the Chinese Ministry of Transport has installed three lighthouses on the Spratly Islands: two on Cuarteron and South Johnson reefs on 9 October 2015(1)and a third on Subi Reef on 6 April 2016.(2)On 2 January 2016, the spokeswoman for the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Hua Chunying, confirmed completion of construction of an aerodrome on Fiery Cross Reef, which US satellite photos already showed in 2014.(3) This confirmation was followed on 6 January by the organisation of two civilian flight tests - one operated by China Southern Airlines and the other by Hainan Airlines - between the airport of Haikou, the provincial capital of Hainan, and the new Fiery Cross airfield.(4) Both tests may indicate future exploitation of this line on the heels of what the Chinese authorities already planned to do in the Paracel Islands.(5) Finally, other actions such as the deployment of aircraft missile launchers on Woody Island on February 2016 (6) and anti-ship missiles in March(7) seem to confirm the militarisation of the Paracels while leaving some doubt as to the establishment of a similar process in the Spratlys, which could lead, according to some observers, to the delimitation of an air defence identification zone in the South China Sea. (8)These initiatives, which will probably be followed by others in the coming weeks and months, are the undisputed testimony of an increasingly firm will from China to increase its presence in the South China Sea in order to more effectively monitor this space and impose itself as the dominant power. China thus materialises a historically self-proclaimed sovereignty.At the same time, Washington has allowed the US Navy to conduct three Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOP). Three guided missile destroyers, the USS Lassen, on 27 October 2015, the USS Curtis Wilbur, on 30 January 2016, and the USS William P. Lawrence, on 10 May 2016, have respectively sailed within 12 nautical miles of Subi Reef, Triton Island, and Fiery Cross Reef, all claimed and occupied by China. (9)The fact that the two countries answer each other through these actions is obvious. The deployment of missile launchers on Woody Island is clearly a response to the passage of the USS Curtis Wilbur near Triton Island, all the more so given that China undertook this deployment during the US-ASEAN special leaders' summit in Sunnylands, California, in the course of which Barack Obama reiterated that the US would continue to fly, sail and operate wherever international law allows. The summit's joint statement, without clearly mentioning Chinese initiatives in the South China Sea, included calls for respecting freedom of and overflight in the maritime areas as well as non-militarization and self-restraint in the conduct of activities.(10)In fact, a major concern in Washington is that this assertion of Chinese presence in the South China Sea will eventually threaten freedom of navigation and in the process, American strategic and economic interests. This concern is partly fuelled by China's official position regarding certain articles and clauses of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) relating to the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea or in the conduct of activities by foreign military ships and aircraft in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the coastal state. …

Development of Air Combat Effectiveness Simulation and Analysis Scheme for beyond Visual Range (BVR) Case

This paper focuses on the simulation of Beyond Visual Range (BVR) Air Combat using calculation of Probability of Kill (PK) and Supremacy to analyze the effectivity of the tactics and strategies. The developed simulation program is expected to be used as a means of developing tactics, weapons systems evaluation and to support other air combat system applications. The simulation system can be utilized so that strategy for using weapons and better tactics for maneuver can be determined and formulated in the face of an aerial battle. The simulation illustrates how an aerial battle in a 2D plane took place. The battle occurs between two sides and can also cover case of many against many air battle. Fighters maneuver will be generated based on logic and defined tactic by providing input in the form of initial conditions. Formulation / functions, parameters and variables influencing the fighter effectiveness will be taken into account. These elements are modelled using a dynamic and open scenario approach. The simulation used a method called 'Missile Launch Envelope Model' for computing PK of missile along its way to the target. Simulation results for one versus one and many versus many cases show that the developed system can produce good and relatively realistic prediction of the outcome. Further modification of simulation program include fly out modeling to the missile.

Chinese and Korean Researchers on Diplomatic Mediation of China in the North Korea Nuclear Issue

Background/Objectives: The study describes the role of China as a diplomatic mediator in the six-party talks. The objective is to show how China deals with North Korean dispute employing preventive diplomacy. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The study of Chinese mediation in solving North Korean nuclear issue called for applying various methods of political science. The method of systemic analysis helps analyzing the political situation on the Korean Peninsula, illustrated in the publications of foreign authors. The method of statistical analysis was used to systematize data and to comprehend Chinese diplomatic actions focused on maintaining peace on the Korean Peninsula. Findings: There is ever growing division of opinions on how to deal with North Korea's nuclear weapons program. The results of the study made it possible to identify the fact that China opposes the use of force and military means to resolve the conflict on the peninsula. The Chinese government reaffirms that sanctions and military means are not effective solutions, but only exacerbate the situation. The authors of the study believe that Chinese diplomats and the government support effective dialogue on the objectives of denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and consider it an effective way to solve the nuclear issue, notwithstanding a series of nuclear tests and ballistic missile launches over recent years. Chinese experts believe that after the end of the Cold War, diplomatic mediation has become an important element in the international practice of conflict prevention and resolution. Application/Improvements: Chinese officials support peaceful diplomatic solutions. Improvements should be focused on denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and a truce-to-peace mechanism should be pursued to resolve the concerns of all parties.

Product Lifecycle Management Technology Applied in Missile Launching Systems Production and Installation

The article highlights the problems in the construction of the launch-site Vostochniy production and installation logistic. The stages of complex high-end product lifecycle described. The concepts and techniques of life cycle management and variants of their application offered as solution of this problems. Practical way to optimize logistics and lifecycle management processes using ILS Suite multi-agent software submitted. Side effect of this solution is creating of relevant integrated logistic support database, that could be used in the future projects. Results for tests and some perspectives for future investigation described.

A New Frangible Composite Canister Cover with the Function of Specified Direction Separation

A lightweight and auto-separated canister cover is required for quick launching in some specific missile launchers. In this paper, a new frangible composite canister cover with the function of specified direction separation is proposed and studied via both experimental and numerical approaches. The frangible canister cover with local non-split weak zone structure, which is manufactured by traditional hand lay-up process with vacuum assisted resin infusion (VARI) method, is designed to fail and separate in a predetermined and specified direction in comparison with the cover with full split weak zone structure. This design is innovative and also necessary for reduction of potential risk to peripheral equipment around the missile launcher. The failure pressure of the cover is determined on the basis of the failure criteria used in finite element (FE) model. In experimental pressurized testing, a number of frangible canister covers subjected to pressure loadings in six cases are studied. Close agreements between the experimental and numerical results have been examined. The frangible canister covers with local non-split weak zone structure which have been studied can be separated and fly out to the specified direction.

(Re)Design for Additive Manufacturing

3D-printing has been used to create prototypes during the development phase for more than 20 years. Now, functional parts can be printed directly in specific metal powders using similar layer-by-layer techniques. The additive method is unlike traditional mass production manufacturing methods in many ways, creating new possibilities for designers to realise new and different design ideas previously impossible to manufacture. When products are mass produced, there is a desire to improve manufacturability. This is traditionally done by a designer with knowledge about certain manufacturing methods altering design choices to make it cheaper to manufacture.This paper shows different design for AM (DfAM) methods where performance and part cost are both of interest. It adds to existing research by classifying design for additive manufacturing in two different classes; process-driven and designer-driven shaping of parts. A cost-prediction model for Selective Laser Melting (SLM) printed parts is suggested as an initial step to choose parts for redesign from an economical perspective. A case study of a missile launcher beam redesigned for additive manufacturing using three different approaches is presented. Differences and similarities in design methods are discussed and the redesigned parts are compared for mass and cost. It is shown that redesigning for AM can reduce mass but depending on part size and print speed, the part can become more expensive than the original design, creating a need to know the customer value of what the redesigned part provides, in this case, the value of reduced mass.

대북 바이오가스플랜트 지원의 제재 가능성에 대한 기술적 평가

Under the economic banner of self-reliance, North Korea has focused on hydro and thermal power as its main energy supply sources. However, in the face of extreme energy penury caused by machinery and material supply instability in the wake of the collapse of the former communist block as well as equipment aging and deterioration due to floods and other disasters, North Korea and international aid organizations are increasingly turning their attention toward energy source diversification. In particular, renewable energy is recognized as the best strategic energy source for North Korea and it is a decentralized energy option that is suitable in light of North Korea`s power distribution networks and its pursuit of self-reliance. Biogas can contribute to improving the human rights situation of North Koreans in conjunction with an increase in food production. For this reason, renewable energy is the most promising option for an energy source that is likely to secure humanitarian aid from international organizations such as the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP). However, the implementation of such humanitarian aid has been hampered by rising concerns about the diversion of provided energy materials for military purposes and the disguised introduction of dual use items strategic materials as well as UN Security Council resolutions and sanctions of the international community against North Korea`s military provocation, including nuclear tests and missile launches. This paper explores the possibility of solving this dilemma and proceeding with the humanitarian aid to North Korea by evaluating the potential for sanction and the risk of diversion of the possible products for biogas-related aid on the basis of the list of UN-sanctioned items.

Shifting Sands: The United States in the Middle East

Shifting Sands: The United States in the Middle East

Israel’s Human Shields Defense

Israel’s Human Shields Defense

Japan’s New Security Legislation: What Does This Mean to East Asian Security?

ABSTRACTIt is obvious that the security environment in East Asia is more unstable and unpredictable. In the South China Sea, tensions over disputed islands initiate a more severe Sino–American rivalry. In the East China Sea, China disputes the control over the Senkaku Islands, and is escalating military activities around those islands. North Korea continues provocative activities including launching of ballistic missiles and nuclear weapons tests. This naturally leads to the idea that Japan needs to play a larger role to restore stability in the international order. This paper explores the challenges facing East Asian security in the face of the passage of Japan's new security bills in 2015 and how they impact the future of Japanese security policy.

The impact of launcher turret vibrations control on the rocket launch

Abstract The paper discusses the missile lift-off from a launcher placed on a motor vehicle. The stimulation of the assembly vibration results from the input generated by the road and the missile firing. The unfavourable input generated in the course of assembly operation has an impact on the characteristics of the initial missile flight parameters. The aim of the paper is to apply the hybrid vibroisolation system of the launcher turret in order to improve the conditions of the missile launch from the assembly. The active system reducing the occurring disturbance allows to control the launcher turret vibrations. Owing to that it is possible influence effectively the initial missile flight parameters.

Adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode cooperative guidance law in active defense scenario

An active defense scheme in which a ballistic missile launches a defending missile to intercept the incoming intercepting missile is considered. Compared with traditional passive evasion strategies, the active defense scheme can greatly increase the ballistic missile’s survival rate. Different from many terminal guidance laws using the line-of-sight nullifying strategy, a triangle-based guidance strategy by which the defender tries to keep itself on the line-of-sight connecting the target and the incoming intercepting missile is used to design a guidance law. With such a strategy, it is proved that the interceptor’s composite acceleration can be very small due to the acceleration cancellation in the target–interceptor line-of-sight frame and the defender–interceptor line-of-sight frame, meaning that the defender can catch the interceptor with small maneuverability. Based on this strategy, an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode based cooperative guidance law is proposed treating the interceptor’s acceleration as an unknown bounded external disturbance. Simulation results show the high performance of the proposed guidance law.

Research of Control Strategy in the Large Electric Cylinder Position Servo System

An ideal positioning response is very difficult to realize in the large electric cylinder system that is applied in missile launcher because of the presence of many nonlinear factors such as load disturbance, parameter variations, lost motion, and friction. This paper presents a piecewise control strategy based on the optimized positioning principle. The combined application of position interpolation method and modified incremental PID with dead band is proposed and applied into control system. The experimental result confirms that this combined control strategy is not only simple to be applied into high accuracy real-time control system but also significantly improves dynamic response, steady accuracy, and anti-interference performance, which has very important significance to improve the smooth control of the large electric cylinder.

A Numerical Method for Blast Shock Wave Analysis of Missile Launch from Aircraft

An efficient empirical approach was developed to accurately represent the blast shock wave loading resulting from the launch of a missile from a military aircraft to be used in numerical analyses. Based on experimental test series of missile launches in laboratory environment and from a helicopter, equations were derived to predict the time- and position-dependent overpressure. The method was finally applied and validated in a structural analysis of a helicopter tail boom under missile launch shock wave loading.

导弹发射姿态测量方法研究

导弹发射姿态测量方法研究

Modal Analysis on the Simulation of the Missile Launchers Based on ABAQUS

One of the inevitable problems in the missile launchers is vibration, which can lead to failure of missile launchers. The3D model of the missile launchers is created and the modal analysis is adopted by the ABAQUS. The results show that the missile launchers will have resonance. The vibration mode diagram of the missile launcher’s structure is analyzed and the weakness of the missile launchers was found. The theory for the missile launchers design and manufacture is provided.

Recasting the North Korean Problem: Towards Critically Rethinking About the Perennial Crisis of the Amoral Family State and How to Resolve it

A series of tit-for-tat events — from North Korea’s missile launch on April 13, 2012 and its third nuclear weapons test on February 12, 2013 to the UN Security Council Resolutions 2087 and 2094 — has only escalated the North Korean nuclear crisis to its new height. It is highly regrettable, if not preposterous, that the crisis has persisted basically unabated for the past 20 plus years — despite umpteen, varied and competing statecrafts of all concerned countries. This paper critically examines the extant approaches, investigating how the concerned individual states’ perhaps otherwise perfectly rational policies have led to the perpetuation of nuclear crisis, of the amoral family state, and of the kind of security and peace of the region. In so doing, it aims to offer some tentative suggestions about how to freshly rethink about the North Korean problem and how best to resolve and move beyond it.

The Work Course Simulation of Electromagnetic Coil Vertical Launcher for Missile

Through putting forward one kind of magnet coil launcher model of new structure; expound the basic component and the work principle of this launcher, built the mathematical model of this launcher work course. Through the dynamic simulation for its work progress, we get the electromagnetism that current and launch package are received power, speed and displacement etc. Comparatively analyzing the influence through changing system stored energy and to the system operating and the progression of launch coil. The result indicates: launching the coil possesses the better acceleration capability than the drive coil; Launching the speed of package energetically has the influence to electromagnetism, and along with the increase of speed, launches the electromagnetism that the package is received energetically reducing more greatly; Suitable change system stored energy can realize the vertical launch of missile with progression that launches the coil.

Air Ship Missile Carrier Aircraft Attack Array Model Research

This paper studies air defense system kill zone, air ship missile firing mode and air ship missile launch area that impact air ship missile load matrix determine key problems, establishes air ship missile carrier array’s mathematics model, makes simulation calculation of the model, and analyzes simulation results, and gets the influence law of vehicle speed, height, target motion characteristics, deviation angle and pitching angle on attack matrix, and the results can provide reference for determining air ship missile carrier aircraft attack array.

Changing law of launching pitching angular velocity of rotating missile

In order to provide accurate launching pitching angular velocity (LPAV) for the exterior trajectory optimization design, multi-flexible body dynamics (MFBD) technology is presented to study the changing law of LPAV of the rotating missile based on spiral guideway. An MFBD virtual prototype model of the rotating missile launching system is built using multi-body dynamics modeling technology based on the built flexible body models of key components and the special force model. The built model is verified with the frequency spectrum analysis. With the flexible body contact theory and nonlinear theory of MFBD technology, the research is conducted on the influence of a series of factors on LPAV, such as launching angle change, clearance between launching canister and missile, thrust change, thrust eccentricity and mass eccentricity, etc. Through this research, some useful values of the key design parameters which are difficult to be measured in physical tests are obtained. Finally, a simplified mathematical model of the changing law of LPAV is presented through fitting virtual test results using the linear regression method and verified by physical flight tests. The research results have important significance for the exterior trajectory optimization design.