Mirror Image Research Articles

Case Study Analysis of Dyslexia and Dysgraphia in a 10-Year-Old Male: Intervention and Outcomes

Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) represent a range of persistent difficulties in acquiring academic skills, often evident in areas like reading, writing, and mathematics. This study presents a detailed case analysis of a 10-year-old male diagnosed with mixed scholastic difficulties, specifically dyslexia and dysgraphia. The participant exhibited significant challenges with reading and writing, including issues with mirror images of letters and spelling errors, impacting academic performance. Comprehensive assessments, including the Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children (MISIC) and NIMHANS educational battery, were administered, revealing average IQ and academic performance equivalent to a second grader. The intervention involved 72 individualized sessions over six months, targeting attention span, reading comprehension, and spelling. Adjustments to the school curriculum, such as extra exam time and exemption from a third language, were implemented to support his learning needs. Post-intervention results indicated substantial improvements in reading, spelling accuracy, and academic confidence, as reported by teachers and parents. This study highlights the importance of personalized education plans and ongoing support for children with SLD, providing a framework for clinicians handling similar cases. Key Words: Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD), Dysgraphia, Dyslexia, Dyscalculia, Individualized Education Plan (IEP), Reading and writing difficulties, Mirror image errors, SLD Asssessments, MISIC, NIMHANS neuropsychological battery, School accommodations, Case study, Therapeutic outcomes, Therapeutic Interventions

Revealing Local Structures of Chiral Molecules via X-ray Circular Dichroism.

Chirality is crucial due to its role in biological and chemical systems, where molecular handedness impacts structure and function. Chiral molecules with nonsuperimposable mirror images exhibit distinct biological activities pivotal in drug design and catalysis. This theoretical study explores X-ray circular dichroism (XCD) as a tool for probing the local structures of chiral molecules. We calculated the XCD signals at the chlorine, oxygen, and nitrogen K edges in various molecular systems. Our results show that electron delocalization plays an important role in the sensitivity of XCD to X-ray chromophore-chiral center distance. Furthermore, the XCD signals at multiple X-ray chromophores could offer multidimensional insights to pinpoint chiral center, providing spatial information about the local structures of complex chiral molecules.

Re-reading of the Discrimination and Rejection of Arabs in Albert's Camus’ The Stranger through Kamel Daoud’s The Meursault Investigation

Algerian postcolonial literature has emerged as a powerful tool for contesting and reshaping the prevailing colonial narrative. This study delves into colonial power dynamics in Algeria by juxtaposing Albert Camus's The Stranger (1942) with Kamel Daoud’s The Meursault Investigation (2013), where Daoud’s novel functions as a counter-narrative to Camus’s work. It delves into the previously unexplored perspectives of characters presented in The Meursault Investigation. Haroun, the protagonist, sets out on a journey to change things in order to recover the name and identity of the "Arab." in The Stranger. Firstly, it depicted Algerian historical memory and national identity, particularly as it relates to French colonial rule in Algeria.The research employes contrapuntal reading, the way of portraying imperialism and resistance by stating Meursault as imperialist and Haroun as resistance.Through a postcolonial perspective, the study contends that Daoud reinterprets the murder's significance in The Stranger by emphasizing its historical context The research pointed out women’s status in both stories For Instance, Marie undergone sexual oppression by Meursault Whereas Meriem respected by Harun. This study looks into how Daoud was able to break down and rethink Camus' dominant colonial writing by comparing and contrasting Camus' The Stranger with Daoud's The Meursault Investigation. Daoud uses the language of the colonizers in a clever way to bring back to life the legacy and identity of the Arab Algerians, whom imperialist French colonizers erased. The study employs the 'mirror image' which is a reversed reflection used to highlight contrasts or similarities, often to compare different perspectives or emphasize opposing themes, concept to offer a nuanced analysis of the contrasting colonial and postcolonial dynamics.

Chiral polaritonics: cavity-mediated enantioselective excitation condensation

Separation of the two mirror images of a chiral molecule, the enantiomers, is a historically complicated problem of major relevance for biological systems. Since chiral molecules are optically active, it has been speculated that strong coupling to circularly polarized fields may be used as a general procedure to unlock enantiospecific reactions. In this work, we focus on how chiral cavities can be used to drive asymmetry in the photochemistry of chiral molecular systems. We first show that strong coupling to circularly polarized fields leads to enantiospecific Rabi splittings, an effect that displays a collective behavior in line with other strong coupling phenomena. Additionally, entanglement with circularly polarized light generates an asymmetry in the enantiomer population of the polaritons, leading to a condensation of the excitation on a preferred molecular configuration. These results confirm that chiral cavities represent a tantalizing opportunity to drive asymmetric photochemistry in enantiomeric mixtures.

Automatic virtual reduction of unilateral zygomatic fractures based on ICP algorithm: A preliminary study.

To establish an automatic reduction method for unilateral zygomatic fractures based on Iterative Closes Point (ICP) algorithm. 60 patients with unilateral type B zygomatic fractures were included. After acquiring CT images, zygomatic fragments were segmented using self-developed software MICSys. Mid-Sagittal-Plane (MSP) was manually defined using anatomical skull landmarks. Surface of zygoma on the healthy side was then "mirrored" according to MSP. Referring to mirror image, the fragments were reduced by both automatic and manual methods. In automatic group, fragments were registered onto mirror images by ICP algorithm in MICSys. In manual group, an experienced maxillofacial surgeon translated and rotated fragments until coincided with mirror images. Operating time of each group was recorded. RMSE between reduced fragment and mirror image was calculated to evaluate accuracy. Operating time and accuracy between the two groups were compared using T-test. Virtual bone reduction was conducted for all 60 patients by the two methods. Operating time of automatic group and manual group were 3.06 ± 1.93 s and 65.45 ± 32.19 s, with significant difference (P < 0.0001). RMSE of automatic group and manual group were 1.94 ± 0.59 mm and 2.33 ± 0.57 mm, with significant difference (P < 0.0001). Automatic reduction method based on ICP Algorithm for unilateral zygomatic fractures was initially established and clinically acceptable.

Central venous pressure as a method of optimising atrio-ventricular delay after cardiac surgery.

Haemodynamic atrioventricular delay (AVD) optimisation has primarily focussed on signals that are not easy to acquire from a pacing system itself, such as invasive left ventricular catheterisation or arterial blood pressure (ABP). In this study, standard clinical central venous pressure (CVP) signals are tested as a potential alternative. Sixteen patients with a temporary pacemaker after cardiac surgery were studied. AV delay optimisation was performed by alternating between a reference AVD of 120ms and tested settings ranging from 40 to 280ms, with 8 replicates for each setting. Alongside (a) the raw data, three methods of correcting for respiration were tested: (b) limiting analysis to a respiratory cycle, (c) asymmetric least squares (ALS) and (d) discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The utility of a quality control step was tested. CVP signals were a mirror image of the systolic ABP signals: The four R values were -0.674, -0.692, -0.631, -0.671 respectively (all p<0.001). With quality control, the mirror image was best for DWT (R = -0.76, p<0.001), with the CVP and ABP optima agreeing well (R = 0.78, p<0.001). The automated quality control signal correctly predicted the gap between the AVD optima calculated from ABP and CVP (R = 0.8, p<0.001). Central venous pressure signals could be used to optimise AVD, because they have a reliable inverse relationship with ABP when pacemaker settings undergo protocolised testing. However, protocols need careful design to circumvent spontaneous biological variability.

Conor McPherson’s The Veil: The Haunting Reflection of the Past in Early Twenty-First-Century Ireland

As an early twenty-first-century Gothic play, McPherson’s The Veil reflects the socio-economic problems and traumas of Ireland after the collapse of the Celtic Tiger economy. As indicated by the title and the prevalent mirror image within the play, the playwright holds up a mirror to the past and through a correlation between nineteenth-century and early twenty-first-century Ireland, he points out the everlasting impacts of postcolonial traumas in the present. In the play, the economic predicament of the landholders and the tenants functions as a microcosm of contemporary Ireland as the post-Celtic Tiger period brought back the problems of the past such as unemployment, dispossession and emigration. Moreover, during the early twenty-first century, the collapse of the Celtic Tiger economy created a haunted landscape replete with ghost estates while also producing zombie banks cannibalising the Irish society. In this regard, the impoverished and harsh conditions of nineteenth-century Ireland transforming people into zombified figures and the effects of economic decline in the early twenty-first century such as ghost estates and zombie banks are closely intertwined. The zombie figure signifies not only economic hardships but also the enduring legacy of colonialism in the present. At the intersection of the past and the present, McPherson presents an uncanny and zombified portrayal of contemporary Ireland. Accordingly, this article explores the traumatic echoes of Ireland’s revenant past in the aftermath of the dramatic economic crisis.

Chiral Engineered Biomaterials: New Frontiers in Cellular Fate Regulation for Regenerative Medicine

AbstractChirality, the property of objects that are nonsuperimposable on their mirror images, plays a crucial role in biological processes and cellular behaviors. Chiral engineered biomaterials have emerged as a promising approach to regulating cellular fate in regenerative medicine. However, few reviews provide a comprehensive examination of recent advancements in chiral biomaterials and their applications in cellular fate regulation. Herein, various fabrication techniques available for chiral biomaterials, including the use of chiral molecules, surface patterning, and self‐assembly are discussed. The mechanisms through which chiral biomaterials influence cellular responses, such as modulation of adhesion receptors, intracellular signaling, and gene expression, are explored. Notably, chiral biomaterials have demonstrated their ability to guide stem cell differentiation and augment tissue‐specific functions. The potential applications of chiral biomaterials in musculoskeletal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and wound healing are highlighted. Challenges and future perspectives, including standardization of fabrication methods and translation to clinical settings, are addressed. In conclusion, chiral engineered biomaterials offer exciting prospects for precisely controlling cellular fate, advancing regenerative medicine, and enabling personalized therapeutic strategies.

Three-dimensional printing technology for the positioning of the reconstructed auricle in microtia reconstruction.

The positioning of the reconstructed ear in ear reconstruction is a crucial step that directly affects the surgical outcome.This study employs the residual ear tissue as a reference, in conjunction with three-dimensional(3D)printing model of the normal ear's mirror image corresponding to the microtia ear, to facilitate precise positioning during the reconstruction of the ear. This study established a 3D model group and a control group. The 3D model group utilized 3D printed models of residual ear tissue alongside the mirror image of the normal ear for positioning, while the control group relied on the surgeon's subjective observation.The symmetry of the reconstructed ear post-operation was evaluated by two independent physicians who were not involved in the surgical procedure for the patients.The patient was asked to use the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to assess their satisfaction with ear symmetry and ear shape preoperative and postoperative 12 months. A total of 84 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study.In the 3D model group, no statistically significant differences were observed between the average distances from the highest and lowest points of the normal ear to the nasal axis and those of the reconstructed ear(P=0.688, P=0.916). Conversely, a statistically significant difference was noted in the control group (P=0.041; P=0.028).The 3D model group exhibited higher total scores on the VAS for patients' objective satisfaction CONCLUSION: The reconstructed ear can be accurately positioned by utilizing the residual ear tissue as a reference and employing 3D printing model with mirror technology.

Hair Loss, Body Height and Attractiveness Malus for Men

In a study on social perception of genetically caused hair loss in men (androgenetic alopecia), facial photographs of 59 men from the estimated age range of 28 to 58 were assessed. The photos were taken from a model catalog and, when viewed objectively, the men were considerably more attractive than the average of their peers. In a supplementary experiment, 21 students assessed all the photos according to the degree of hair loss. The internal consistency was almost perfect (Cronbach's α =.99). The main experiment was conducted online in a German and an English version. Each of the 1618 participants rated a randomly selected photo on 36 personality-descriptive rating scales and estimated age, height and weight. From the ratings, the factors attractiveness, mood, family orientation, professional status, social agreeableness, emotional stability and masculine facial features were obtained. The personality factors have sufficient to very high reliability (α =.73 to.88). The items babyface and likeable were also taken into account. For all variables, the consensus among the judges is at least good, mostly high to excellent (ICC(1, k) =.75 to.98). There are no noteworthy differences between the German and English versions, nor between male and female judges, but the age of the judges has a significant influence on the factors of attractiveness, family orientation and professional status. In the case of attractiveness, the ratings become more positive as the age of the judges increases, while the opposite is true for family orientation and status. With one exception, the men were rated favorably in every respect. The exception is attractiveness and, in particular, the sexual component. Here the ratings were a downright degradation, which we refer to as an attractiveness malus for men. At the level of the judges, hair loss is the dominant variable. With increasing hair loss, men appear older, less attractive, smaller, less masculine, less intelligent and successful at work, more family-oriented, more socially agreeable, in a better mood and more likeable. At the stimulus person level, only the correlation with age and attractiveness and mood is significant. At this level, estimated height is the dominant variable. It correlates positively with attractiveness, emotional stability and masculine appearance and negatively with age, family orientation, social agreeableness, mood and being likeable. The estimated body height thus shows the mirror image of hair loss at the level of the judges. The study makes it clear how important it is to distinguish between the level of the judges and the level of the judged. The level of the stimulus person shows that the individual characteristics are of the greatest importance, but the degree of hair loss can modify the first impressions.

Thrombin Generation Assay to Support Hematologists in the Era of New Hemophilia Therapies.

Hematology laboratories have traditionally monitored hemophilia replacement therapy by measuring coagulation factors before and after infusion. However, new drugs that do not rely on the replacement of the deficient factor require new approaches to laboratory monitoring, as factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX) assays are no longer adequate. Non-factor therapies come in many different forms, that have one thing in common: they all increase thrombin generation. Their main adverse effect is thrombosis which may occur when too much thrombin is formed. This is the perfect mirror image of anticoagulant treatment, which always diminishes the amount of thrombin formed and has bleeding as its main adverse effect. Thrombin-forming capacity is decreased in congenital bleeding disorders and increased in prothrombotic conditions, indicating it governs bleeding and thrombosis. Therefore, the thrombin generation assay (TGA) is a logical tool for monitoring non-factor therapies, offering a comprehensive assessment of hemostatic balance. TGA identifies patients with severe bleeding, helps to optimize bypassing therapy, and detects hypercoagulability, making it ideal for guiding and monitoring hemophilia treatment with non-factor therapies. It also assesses the efficacy and safety of combined therapies, including non-factor therapies with bypassing agents or FVIII/FIX concentrates. The purpose of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge regarding the use of TGA to monitor novel hemophilia therapies. It will address controversies, limitations, and knowledge gaps related to the integration of TGA into personalized medicine in routine clinical practice.

Law and Lawlessness in Yorubá Society - A Critical Analysis of Ààrẹ Àgò Aríkúyẹrí and Adákẹ́dájọ́

This essay is centered on the comparative analysis of the justice system in traditional and modern Yorùbá society vis-à-vis equality of rule to law to all and sundry. This paper aims to analyze the effects of an upright as well as a corrupt judicial system on society. The theory adopted for this work is the sociological theory of literature. The model adopted under this theory is the mirror image approach. Proponents of this model believe there is a cordial relationship between literature and society because literature mirrors society. We employ an auto-telic textual analysis approach in our analysis of the two play texts, which are Ààrẹ Àgò Aríkúyẹrí and Adákẹ́dájọ́. Our findings in this work show that equality of all and sundry in justice dispensation will bring about peace, tranquility, and development in society why inequality as well as lack of equity, justice, and fairness as seen in the two texts breed lawlessness, anarchy and resort to self-help by those deprived of justice which will, in turn, brings about loss of life and properties as we are witnessing in Nigeria today. Based on our findings in this work, we believe that the solution to this problem is to follow the rule of law which should be above everybody, and to inculcate moral discipline (ìwà ọmọlúàbí) which is the watchword of the traditional Yoruba society in children through both formal and informal education by teachers, parents, and guardians.

Ifa Concept on Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution, expectedly, has been looked at from technological and scientific perspectives. However, this important subject has not been sufficiently examined from Ifá, the wisdom bag of the Yorùbá people of South-western Nigeria. Ifá corpus has revealed the importance of preserving the environment from being polluted. Ifá plays a leading role in teaching some ethics on socio-cultural and inter-personal relationships among the Yorùbá people but also their relationship to the ecosystem. The study will examine the concept of Ifá on the environment using Wande Abimbola's Ìjìnlẹ̀ Ohùn Ẹnu Ifá II, interpreting it with the mirror image approach of sociological framework. It will also evaluate the impact of pollution on the contemporary society. Finally, it will reveal the values of protecting the environment against any form of pollution which may hamper the healthy living of humans and non-human organisms in the environment.

Application of Thermography and Convolutional Neural Network to Diagnose Mechanical Faults in Induction Motors and Gearbox Wear

Nowadays, induction motors and gearboxes play an important role in the industry due to the fact that they are indispensable tools that allow a large number of machines to operate. In this research, a diagnosis method is proposed for the detection of different faults in an electromechanical system through infrared thermography and a convolutional neural network (CNN). During the experiment, we tested different conditions in the motor and the gearbox. The induction motor was operated in four conditions, in a healthy state, with one broken bar, a damaged bearing, and misalignment, while the gearbox was operated in three conditions with healthy gears, 50% wear, and 75% wear. The motor failures and gear wear were induced by different machining operations. Data augmentation was then performed using basic transformations such as mirror image and brightness variation. Ablation tests were also carried out, and a convolutional neural network with a basic architecture was proposed; the performance indicators show a precision of 98.53%, accuracy of 98.54%, recall of 98.65%, and F1-Score of 98.55%. The system obtained confirms that through the use of infrared thermography and deep learning, it is possible to identify faults at different points of an electromechanical system.

Three-dimensional analytical solution of self-potential from regularly polarized bodies in a layered seafloor model

Abstract. The self-potential (SP) method is a sensitive geophysical technique to locate seafloor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Reasonable SP forward modeling can provide a good foundation for the inversion and interpretation of the measured data. Based on the mirror image theory, we proposed a method to derive the three-dimensional analytical solution of the SP generated by regularly polarized bodies in layered media, which is explained in detail within the context of the models. We discussed the analytical solutions for different types of layered models, considering variations in the number of layers and the distribution of sources. A lab-based oxidation–reduction experiment was conducted to record SP data. These data are used to simulate the SP generated by seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) deposits and validate the previous analytical solution. The result shows that the measured SP data match the analytical solution well, demonstrating the correctness of the proposed method and the corresponding analytical solution. This approach is significant for achieving fast and precise forward modeling and inversion in SMS explorations.

Complex Multivessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Patient with Dextrocardia: Mirror Image of Views?

Complex Multivessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Patient with Dextrocardia: Mirror Image of Views?

Computed-tomography-based three-dimensional analysis of bilateral differences in phalanges.

Three-dimensional analysis of bones, especially for preoperative planning of corrective osteotomy in fracture malunion, assumes that the bilateral extremities exhibit a symmetrical mirror image when projected onto each other. No studies are available for phalanges. Three-dimensional bone models of all phalanges of 20 healthy participants (40 hands) were created from computed tomography data. For each phalanx, the difference between the left and right sides were assessed with respect to axis of rotation, ulnoradial deviation, flexion-extension and bone length. The average absolute side difference was small, but with significant differences of extension-flexion (mean 1.1°), supination-pronation (mean 1.8°), ulnoradial deviation (mean 0.9°) and translation (mean 0.2 mm). All left proximal phalanges were significantly pronated in comparison to the right side. The differences are likely unimportant, especially in corrective osteotomy using advanced 3D techniques.

TWO RUSSIAN ANONYMOUS WRITERS OF THE TURN OF THE XVII-XVIII CENTURIES

Two anonymous manuscripts about the acquaintance of Russians with European countries in the Petrine epoch received a “mirror image” of the interests of historians. For more than two centuries, “The Journal o Shestvii v Evropejskie Kraia” [“The Journal of The European Countries Travel”], written by a participant in the Great SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT E mbassy, has caused lively disputes about authorship, since his autograph, the protograph and copies of Petrine epoch have not yet been found. The author of the article draws attention to the need to study the copies of The Journal, identifying examples of faulty The Journals' publications that were used for its attribution. The argumentation of new hypotheses about the authorship of the Journal (as a compilation of works by contemporaries; authorship by A. P. Izmailov or Prince P. A. Golitsyn) is studied. It is proposed to consider the biographies of other ‘spal'niki' that had anything to do with early ambassadorial practice, in particular, the biography of the I. S. Potemkin, the grandson of P. I. Potemkin, the famous ambassador to Spain, France and England. The author concluded that it is advisable to take an integrated approach to reconstructing the history of The Journal text. Another manuscript is almost unknown “Opisanie Gollandskoi zemli” [“Description of the Land of Holland”], was preserved in the original, however, without causing an eruption of copiess, did not receive responses from contemporaries and descendants. For the fi rst time, a preliminary attribution of the “Opisanie“ is proposed. The author of the article assumes that the manuscript was created in the early years of the XVIII century by one of the participants of the Russian embassy in Holland, headed by the A. A. Matveev.

Stereochemistry in the disorder-order continuum of protein interactions.

Intrinsically disordered proteins can bind via the formation of highly disordered protein complexes without the formation of three-dimensional structure1. Most naturally occurring proteins are levorotatory (L)-that is, made up only of L-amino acids-imprinting molecular structure and communication with stereochemistry2. By contrast, their mirror-image dextrorotatory (D)-amino acids are rare in nature. Whether disordered protein complexes are truly independent of chiral constraints is not clear. Here, to investigate the chiral constraints of disordered protein-protein interactions, we chose as representative examples a set of five interacting protein pairs covering the disorder-order continuum. By observing the natural ligands and their stereochemical mirror images in free and bound states, we found that chirality was inconsequential in a fully disordered complex. However, if the interaction relied on the ligand undergoing extensive coupled folding and binding, correct stereochemistry was essential. Between these extremes, binding could be observed for the D-ligand with a strength that correlated with disorder in the final complex. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the molecular processes that lead to complex formation, the use of D-peptides in drug discovery and the chemistry of protein evolution of the first living entities on Earth.

A multi-objective improved horse herd optimizer based on convex lens imaging for stochastic optimization of wind energy resources in distribution networks considering reliability and uncertainty

In this study, stochastic multi-objective allocation of wind turbines (WTs) in radial distribution networks is performed using a new multi-objective improved horse herd optimizer (MOIHHO) and an unscented transformation (UT) method for modeling the uncertainties of WTs power and network load. The objective function aims to minimize power loss, improve reliability, and reduce the costs associated with wind turbines (WTs), presenting these goals as a three-dimensional function. The Multi-Objective Improved Horse Herd Optimizer (MOIHHO) is derived from an enhanced version of the traditional horse herd optimizer. This enhancement utilizes mirror imaging based on convex lens principles to address issues of premature convergence. Additionally, the decision-making process is designed to identify the final fuzzy solution among the non-dominant solutions within the Pareto front set. The simulation results are presented with and without considering uncertainty in two scenarios of deterministic and stochastic WT allocation on 33- and 69-bus distribution networks and different objectives are compared. Also, the effect of incorporating uncertainties are evaluated on power loss and reliability using the MOIHHO. Moreover, the superiority of the MOIHHO is investigated in achieving better objective function value compared with conventional MOHHO, multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOSPO), multi-objective gray wolf optimizer (MOGWO), and multi-objective gazelle optimization algorithm (MOGOA). The obtained results demonstrated that considering the UT-based stochastic scenario, the power losses cost is increased, and the reliability is weakened for 33- and 69-bus networks in comparison with the deterministic scenario.