Ministry Of Urban Development Research Articles

New Towns Development: A Wave of the Future Planning Practices in Nepal

Increasing urbanization has been a major challenge to tackle issues relating to population growth, housing, infrastructure development and urban management in Nepal. Initiatives have been taking by the stakeholders of urban sectors in different course of action plans. New town development, smart city development, preparation and implementation of various strategic plans and action plans are some of the initiatives undertaken by the Ministry of Urban Development, Government of Nepal. At present, the Ministry of Urban Development is preparing intervening plans and programmes to 40 towns for planned urban development in Nepal. Some of these towns are already in pace of development and some others are in infancy stages. Balance urban development strategy so far is a strategy of government of Nepal however theory of political economy of development is inherently coming in selection of the towns, and basically in implementing the plans. Therefore, most of the prepared action plans are in question of effective implementation. Among the prioritized new towns of Nepal, some of these towns particularly smart cities are in very infancy stages of infrastructure development in which ‘smartness’ itself falls into huge dilemma. Therefore, more challenges are added in implementing the smart cities into action plan. However, new towns of Hilly and Tarai-Madhesh area will definitely provide the opportunities to cater population and create more opportunities. In this context, this study focus on the new town development and their spatial distribution in Nepal through the collection of primary information and review of previous literature.

Effect of Social Advertising and the Effectiveness of Media- A Study of Swacch Bharat Abhiyan with special reference to youth in Varanasi

Clean India Mission was launched on 2nd of October 2014 (145th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi), targeting to achieve completion on the occasion of the 150th birth anniversary year (2019)of Mahatma Gandhi. The mission was implemented to cover all the rural and urban areas of India under the Ministry of Urban Development and the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. The primary objective of this mission is to spread awareness on cleanliness, which is socially acceptable and has been a big area of concern. Central government has also launched several advertising campaigns for different media vehicles like electronic, print media for spreading the awareness about cleanliness and hygiene. The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of social advertising campaign on the Clean India Mission (Swachh Bharat Abhiyan) and to determine the degree of impact on citizens' behavior

Smart Cities Mission in India

Cities provide opportunities for the economic development of a nation. They often attract the rural population through providing enormous job opportunities, better living conditions, education, health care facilities, transport, entertainment etc. According to Census 2011, nearly 32% of Indian population is residing in cities, creating a challenge for urbanization. On 25 th June 2015, the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, Mr. Narendra Modi launched the Smart City mission with a vision for urban transformation. The Ministry of Urban Development will implement the program in collaboration with State governments/Urban Local Bodies. This review article throws the light on the Smart City mission, its objective, elements, features, smart solutions, smart health solutions, mission coverage, duration, funding, monitoring and challenges.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Clean India Abhiyan

According to the statistics, it has seen that only few percentage of total population have access to the toilets. It is a programmer run by the government to seriously work to fulfill the vision of Father of Nation (Bapu) by calling the people from all walks of life to make it successful globally. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national cleanliness campaign established by the Government of India. This campaign is covering 4041 statutory towns in order to clean roads, streets, and infrastructure of the India. It is a mass movement has run to create a Clean India by 2019. It is a step ahead to the Mahatma Gandhi’s dream of Swachh Bharat for healthy and prosperous life. This mission was launched on 2nd of October 2014 (145th birth anniversary of Bapu) by targeting its completeness in 2019 on 150th birth anniversary of Bapu. The mission has been implemented to cover all the rural and urban areas of the India under the Ministry of Urban Development and the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation accordingly the first cleanliness drive (on 25th of September 2014) of this mission was started by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi earlier to its launch. This mission has targeted to solve the sanitation problems as well as better waste management all over the India by creating sanitation facilities to all. Swachh Bharat mission is very necessary to run continuously in India until it gets its goal. It is very essential for the people in India to really get the feeling of physical, mental, social and intellectual well-being. It is to make living status advance in India in real means which can be started by bringing all over cleanliness. Below I have mentioned some points proving the urgent need of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in India.

Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management in India: A Policy Agenda

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) has emerged as a big challenge not only because of the health and environmental concerns but also due to huge quantities of waste generated. It is observed from many research documents that most urban local bodies (ULBs) in India are unable to handle such huge quantities of solid waste due to financial and institutional debilities. Furthermore, ULBs rarely have sufficient funds, resources, infrastructure and appropriate strategies for improved solid waste management. Segregation of waste, door to door waste collection, technologies for the treatment of waste, land resources and scientific disposal methods are some of the major challenges. Recognizing these challenges, the two ministries of Government of India namely Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) have initiated several policies and programmes to improve the current scenario of MSWM in India. Environment Ministry had promulgated the Municipal Solid Waste Management Rules in2000 which is now being revamped as Solid Waste Management Rules 2015 while the MoUD has prepared a draft manual on MSWM to support cities and towns on planning and implementing a proper MSWM system in line with the SWM Rules being promulgated in 2015. It is observed that many policies and programmes fail to achieve their objectives due to lack of clarity and awareness among the stakeholders and poor enforcement by the regulators. The present paper provides a comprehensive view of SWM and most importantly highlights some major points of the policies/programmes initiated by the Government of India to overcome the challenges of solid waste management in our country.

Managing of Solid Waste through Public Private Partnership Model

Solid waste management is fast becoming an insurmountable challenge across urban India, requiring urgent solutions, especially in view of rapid urbanization and inability of local urban authorities to tackle it. Saharanpur, a small city in Uttar Pradesh, represents a microcosm of most large cities and towns in India, grappling with similar challenges. With a decadal population growth of over 19% during 2001-2011, which is higher than the national growth, the city is confronted with the task of managing a rapid growth in solid waste. In order to come up with viable solutions to this problem ITC Limited, in collaboration with Muskan Jyoti Samiti, an NGO, and the local municipal authority, initiated a pilot PPP project on solid waste management in the year 2006. With persistent focus on processing, recycling and user fee, this initiative has been able to surpass the national benchmark of 80% waste recovery set by the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD). The cost of collection and processing is covered through revenue from user fees and compost sale.

INTEGRATING NUTRITION IN LOCAL GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES: AN EXAMPLE FROM SUAAHARA PROGRAM NEPAL

Study Objectives:This abstract presents the multi sector nutrition approach of integrating nutrition through the local governance structures at the district and village level and mobilization of these groups to commit resources to ensure the sustainability of integrated nutrition activities to support 1,000 days families.Methods:Suaahara worked closely with National Planning Commission Ministry of Health and Population, Ministry of Urban Development, Ministry of Agriculture Nepal and Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development for envision especially the planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluation. Suaahara facilitated to establish Nutrition and Food Security Steering Committees in 20 project districts and 884 VDC level Committee in 884 Village Development Committee (VDC) out of 955 VDC of 20 districts.Suaahara mobilized district, Village Development Committee (VDC), Ward Citizen Forum (WCF), Citizen Awareness Centers (CAC) community based groups, forums and households to generate awareness and advocate about the importance of nutrition, provision of VDC block grants for women and disadvantaged communities to increase their access to the grant for integrated nutritional programs. This evidence has been taken through the revision of district and VDC planning documents, meeting minute's revision, key informant interviews with VDC Secretaries and Local Development Officers and implementation of VDC block grants utilization in 20 program implemented districts.imageResults:Due to these joint efforts in social mobilization and governance activities by political stakeholders at the district and village level, 13 districts (142 VDCs) allocated a budget for integrated nutrition activities from their respective VDC block grant fund. The total allocated amount was $128,906 for 2014/ 2015. Of these funds $105,794.00 already used for the implementation of several integrated nutrition activities targeting 1,000 days mothers and their child. As a result more than 10,000 pregnant women and children under 2 years have benefited from the block grant. It ensures governance for improving nutrition outcomes in Nepal, through the active involvement of local government structure, development actors, donors, civil society and the private sector in sustaining political commitments.ConclusionIntegration, coordination, collaboration, and Implementation action of nutrition measures at all levels; districts and local community are expected to play an increasingly important role, which includes directly assisting communities and grass roots groups with identifying their priorities and implementing corresponding actions and achieving expected results.

Performance evaluation of water supply services in developing country: A case study of Ahmedabad city

Unplanned and rapid growth of urban areas of developing countries poses major threat to service providers. Water supply management becomes critical aspect in the above scenario. The onus of managing its supply and distribution rests on the local government of the concerned area. Ahmedabad being world’s third largest and India’s fastest growing city has been selected for analysis of water supply services. Performance evaluation of water supply services for Ahmedabad city was carried out using nine performance indicators suggested by Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of India. The nine performance indicators as suggested by MOUD are: coverage of water supply connection, per capita supply of water, extent of metering of water connections, extent of non revenue water, continuity of water supply, quality of water supplied, efficiency in redressal of customer complaints, cost recovery of water supply services and efficiency in collection of water supplied related charges. Required data was collected from Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation. Analysis of the data suggests that among all the indicators of supply of water, cost recovery in water supply services, efficiency in redressal of customer complaints, quality of water supplied and efficiency in collection of water supply related charges showed good performance. However, metering of connection, continuity of water supply and non revenue water needs planned efforts to bring them up to the benchmark.

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MACHINE-CONTROLLED SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC BICYCLE-SHARING IN URBAN AREAS

This paper presents a design of machine controlled intelligent system for public to share bicycles for short distance transportation in urban areas. It allows us to take bicycle from wherever we are and to park at our nearest place of destination. The design schemes used here are automated system for bicycle delivery unit (base station) and bicycle parking unit (substation) and automatic amount collection for the usage from user card (RFID tags) and central administration office (GPS) and solar powered substations (PV solar panels). Moreover, it offers auto-locking racks for bicycles, on-Board vehicle tracking, and battery with solar power management, data logging, and communication with substations and administration. The subscribers can register to this service by administrator of bicycle sharing system. In 2011, the Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD), Government of India, launched the National Public Bicycle Scheme (NPBS) to build capacity for the implementation and operation of cycle sharing systems across the country. This paper outlines the advanced requirements to successfully develop and deploy bicycle sharing system focusing on solar powered battery charging and vending by PV solar panels, rental collection interface, in and out management of bicycles, system equipped with RFID and GPS tracking mechanisms. So bicycle sharing systems has emerged as an innovative form of public transport to provide urban short-distance transportation services by government.

Waste Water Management - A Study

Water use across various sectors in India is on the rise. Various estimates and projections indicate an increasing trend in water demand for agriculture, industrial and domestic uses in the coming decades. Non-domestic use of water is much higher (95%) than domestic use (5%). It is projected that India may move into the category of water stressed nation by 2020. Comprehensive planning, therefore, is needed to meet the ever increasing demand of water. Wastewater has been an untapped resource in India till now. As per the latest estimate 38,255 mld of wastewater is generated in the country. This waste water can be reused for non-domestic purposes. Recycling of wastewater may help to reduce pollution of land and water bodies, reduce fresh water demand and also reduce the need for developing new sources of water supply. The National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) formulated in 2008 by Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD), Government of India (GoI) addresses reuse of wastewater. Bangalore started reuse of water in 1990s, which is first in the country in the municipal sector. Efforts have also been made by Gujarat Urban Development Corporation in this direction and it has signed a memorandum of understanding with Doshion Ltd, a water management service company to build wastewater recycling plants in the state. Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) has also taken the initiative for waste water recycle. In this paper, we will examine the efforts made by the SMC in managing waste water.

Accessibility of Central Government Buildings in Delhi

India signed and ratified the United Nations Convention on Rights of persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), 2008 which has specified provisions for a completely accessible and barrier free environment for persons with disabilities.To incorporate the same the Ministry of Urban Development appointed an independent agency Samarthyam to conduct access audits of central government buildings in Delhi for their accessibility.This paper uses 3 of the the audited buildings as case studies to check whether the recommended changes (to make the buildings accessible) provided by the Samarthyam audit reports have been implemented or not. This paper also tries to pin point a certain department which has been responsible for the lag in implementation and proposes an idea to make India universally accessible.

Of giants and jewelers: The monumental and the miniature in India’s historic landscapes

The major part of India’s architectural heritage is to be found in its towns. This paper will, after an historical survey, look at the various agencies that over the last two decades have been concerned with urban heritage, to examine their agenda, and the pressures they face. ‘Heritage cities’ is a term which appears not only in documents of the Archaeological Survey of India and of the Indian National Trust but also, more recently, in statements made by the Ministry of Urban Development, the Government of Delhi in the context of the Commonwealth Games, and the Ministry of Tourism. The paper will discuss ‘preservation’ of facades/interiors of individual buildings, or of precincts, the use/reuse of historic areas/buildings, and the references to history, through commemoration, naming/renaming, erasing. It argues that conservation should be part of a holistic and humane town-planning policy.

Innovative Urban Transport Cooperation by Public and Private Sectors in India

Institutional arrangements for public transport operations in Indian cities typically fall into two categories: an established state transport corporation (STC) or informal public transport services provided by the private sector. In 2006, the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) articulated a national vision to improve public transport in India. A key element of the vision is to vastly improve public transport in organization, efficiency, and overall quality. Although adopted before MoUD's urban transport policy was enunciated, the various reform strategies implemented in Bangalore and Indore in India are excellent models of providing public transportation efficiently and effectively. Since its creation in 1997, the Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) improved its operations efficiency and eliminated its operating deficit. BMTC uses a two-pronged private-sector approach— outsourcing selected activities and operating like a private company by selling services and commercializing capital assets. BMTC focused on service quality and efficiency and now is the only large profitable STC in India. The city of Indore used a different approach. It created Indore City Transport Services Ltd. (ICTSL), a municipal corporation that implemented a new formal public transport system entirely operated by competitively procured contract operators. ICTSL's entire business, from operations to maintenance to advertising, is outsourced. A new, unique operating model in India, ICTSL created incentives to ensure service and quality by maintaining a competitive environment with a large number of operating contracts and operators. It successfully provides affordable and reliable services where previously there was no formal public transport provider.

Re-establishing a capital city

Dr Stimmann, an Engineer and Architect , Assistant Secretary for Planning at the Ministry of Urban Development, Environmental Protection and Technology, Berlin, and also Director of Urban Development at the same Ministry. His professional experience as architect and urban planner includes his involvement in industrial, housing and school construction and he has been Technical Advisorand Director of the Ministry of Building and Housing in Berlin, Urban Planning Department. He has been a member of the academic staff of the Technical University (TU) Berlin, Institute for Urban and Regional Planning; Lecturer at the TU Hamburg-Harburg carrying out research on urban renewal and the preservation of values. He has also done freelance work for the Office for Urban Construction and Urban Research in Berlin and has been Director of Urban Development at the Ministry of Building and Housing, Berlin. He is a member of the Social-Democratic Party (SPD) of Germany. He has published numerous articles in journals and books on urban planning and architecture, and has taken part in several urban planning exhibitions.

Re-establishing a capital city

Dr Stimmann, an Engineer and Architect , Assistant Secretary for Planning at the Ministry of Urban Development, Environmental Protection and Technology, Berlin, and also Director of Urban Development at the same Ministry. His professional experience as architect and urban planner includes his involvement in industrial, housing and school construction and he has been Technical Advisorand Director of the Ministry of Building and Housing in Berlin, Urban Planning Department. He has been a member of the academic staff of the Technical University (TU) Berlin, Institute for Urban and Regional Planning; Lecturer at the TU Hamburg-Harburg carrying out research on urban renewal and the preservation of values. He has also done freelance work for the Office for Urban Construction and Urban Research in Berlin and has been Director of Urban Development at the Ministry of Building and Housing, Berlin. He is a member of the Social-Democratic Party (SPD) of Germany. He has published numerous articles in journals and books on urban planning and architecture, and has taken part in several urban planning exhibitions.

COMPOSITE AREA LINKED SYSTEM FOR PROPERTY TAX REFORM IN INDIA

In India, property tax is presently levied on the basis of the rent-based rateable valuation system. Various official Commissions and Committees and professional experts have, over the last four decades, commented upon the inadequacies of this system, which, among other things, are the absence of an open market in land and rental transactions, the non-availablility of professionally trained valuers and the subjective nature of assessments in a corruption-prone administrative environment. As to the direction of future reforms, there have been two schools of thought - one, advocating for amendment of current rent control laws; and the other, favoring a new system of local taxation, delinked both from the capital value and rental value systems which are difficult to administer in India. This paper highlights the findings of a policy-oriented research study commissioned by the Ministry of Urban Development for the design and evaluation of such a system.