Mining Operations Research Articles

River Sedimentation Due to Tin Mining Activities in Bangka Island

Sedimentation in rivers is a major issue of environmental damage in the Kepulauan Bangka Belitung Province. In the last two decades, since tin mining was carried out by the community, massive sedimentation has occurred in the river. The purpose of the study is to investigate the characteristics of sediment materials and the effects of illegal tin mining on river sedimentation on Bangka Island. Sediment characteristics can be seen from the distribution of grain size and specific gravity of the bed sediment material and the concentration of suspended sediments seen from their position along the river. Sediment grain size is classified according to the American Geophysical Union. A total of 45 sediment samples spread across 12 rivers in the district capital area on Bangka Island were collected at the end of the rainy season in 2023, and 4 more samples were added in the dry season of 2023 in the Muntok River. The MPM formula was applied to estimate bedload transport and statistical methods were used to estimate suspended sediment rates. Additionally, the sedimentation rates are estimated based on dependable continuous flow with a probability exceeding 50% (Q50%). The study’s findings indicate that Illegal tin mining in Bangka Island has a major impact on river sedimentation. The particle size distribution of bed material sediments does not align with what is typically found in nature, which often exhibits coarser particles upstream and finer downstream. Similarly, in areas downstream of tin mining operations, the concentration of suspended particles increases significantly, up to 12 times higher than natural conditions.

Peculiarities of Appointment and Production of Forensic Examinations in Criminal Cases for Violation of Safety Rules During Mining Works

This study analyses the peculiarities of appointment and production of expertise in the investigation of facts related to the violation of safety rules in mining operations. The relevance of the research topic is due to the increase in deaths and injuries at work and several legal problems. These include a) failure to comply with the requirement of Article 271 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Kazakhstan; b) the absence in the Order of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 27 March 2017 of a list of expertise to be appointed in the investigation of violations of safety rules during mining operations. The situation is further complicated by the absence of clear methodological guidelines for investigators regarding the procedure for appointing forensic examinations and formulating questions for experts. The authors assert that the national system of forensic examination must be modernised.

Accounting for informalization in Africa's extractive industry: Evidence from Ghana's small‐scale gold mining sector during the colonial period

AbstractIn this paper, we draw on the accountability and institutional theories to explicate the informalized state of Ghana's small‐scale gold mining sector as an exemplar of informalization of the extractive industry in Africa during the colonial period. We present a critical and historical perspective on the role of colonial subjugation that took the form of discriminatory policies and lack of accountability, in laying the foundations for the current challenges of continuous informalization of the indigenous gold mining sector and its implications on livelihoods, the economy and the environment in Ghana. We analyzed archival data on the mining industry in Ghana, consisting of official correspondences between colonial bureaucrats in Britain and Ghana, as well as colonial policies on mining, interpreted through the lenses of institutional theory. Specifically, we used records comprising letters, mineral policies, mineral output, and labor relations in the Gold Coast during the colonial period as well as minutes of meetings held by those governing mining enterprises that operated in Ghana before 1957. We also drew on periodic reports of the Ghana Chamber of Mines and their member enterprises, Government of Ghana white papers, parliamentary records among others. We found that the colonial authority, as the new institutional power with vested interest in the extractive industry, adopted discriminatory policies that banned small‐scale gold mining by indigenous population in Ghana, marginalizing the sector's operation to the advantage of foreign large‐scale gold miners. We demonstrate that the control of mineral resources by the colonial authority under new ownership structures disenfranchised the indigenous population and their right to the mineral resources of the Gold Coast. We argue that this institutionalized discriminatory policy, and the resulting lack of accountability is largely responsible for the ongoing informalization of Ghana's small‐scale gold mining sector. This paper contributes to the corpus of critical and historical scholarship that investigates the role of racialization and accountability during colonial period, but with notable distinction that departs from specific professional or disciplinary perspectives. Instead, it focuses on the colonial subjugation and exploitation of the small‐scale gold mining sector and its ongoing informalization that traces its roots to the era of British colonial rule in Ghana. It reiterates the need for accountability for these historical inequalities affecting the small‐scale mining operators, to facilitate the sector's formalization and to effectively control and manage the myriads of negative impacts associated with it.

A sustainable integration of mining activity in a tourist mountain territory: The case of GermanascaValley

Every mining activity shows a footprint on the territory. The signs left by mining operations are physical, such as tunnels, extractive waste facilities, dressing plants, but also economic and social, due to job placement, income and knowledge connected to mining activity sensu lato. In the extraordinary context of the Germanasca Valley, mining has coexisted for hundreds of years with the mountain environment of the Alps and with the local population, and has become a fundamental part of local development, intimately connected with the territory and the local economic and social fabrics.The progressive migration of mining crops at lower altitudes has left behind old mining structures that here, more than elsewhere, guaranteed new forms of industrial and geo-tourism. Similarly, the technological advance and the evolution of mining production, towards a higher quality product, with a consequent reduction in the quantities exploited, led over time to a progressive reduction in the number of employed miners. The resilience of the local population, however, balanced the contraction of work in the mine, transforming former miners in tourist guides and increasing the induced activities, passing from the previous “in house” model to an “outsourcing” model, characterized by external management of mine-related activities. The transformation of old mines into museums has certainly contributed to the development of the area, particularly considering a slow tourism that shows scarce attitude to a “fast and junk” tourism. The challenge is to understand if and how geotourism influence, in specific mining areas (such as Germanasca Valley), the attractiveness of a place.

Grouting sleeve/bird’s nest anchor cable anchoring capacity characteristics and numerical simulation study

With the deepening of coal mining resources, the safety issues of broken soft coal seams become increasingly prominent, severely affecting the safety of deep mining operations and workers. Traditional anchoring methods alone are ineffective in achieving secure anchorage. Therefore, the grouting anchor cable composite structure is explored to address the safety of roadway excavation in deep broken soft coal seams. Indoor grouting anchorage tests and pull-out tests for grouted anchorages are conducted to study their bearing characteristics and failure mechanisms. Discrete element numerical simulation methods are employed to verify the findings from indoor tests. Research indicates that the ultimate pull-out forces at grouting pressures of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 MPa are 87, 104, 118, and 131 kN, respectively. The pull-out force of the grouted anchorage is positively correlated with the grouting pressure. At the loading end, shear stress and axial force reach their maximum values of 1.8 MPa and 106 kN, respectively, under 2.0 MPa grouting pressure. The distribution patterns of shear stress and axial force decrease gradually with increasing anchoring depth. Microscopic analysis reveals that the failure of the anchor body model is primarily due to the tensile cracks formed by the particle flow code in two dimensions. This finding is consistent with the failure mode observed in indoor tests, which involves the slip and debonding failure of the anchor cable. Crack evolution is categorized into three stages: initiation, continuous propagation, and anchor failure. As the inter-particle contact forces within the anchor body model decrease, the region of chain fracture expands. These results provide technical support for understanding the bearing characteristics of grouting anchor cable composite structures.

Promoting Gas Extraction Technology with Screen Pipe for Long Borehole Protection in Soft Seam

The inherent properties of soft coal seams and their mechanical environment make long boreholes susceptible to issues like collapse, deformation, and blockages. These problems shorten the service life of the boreholes and hinder extraction efficiency. This paper tackles these challenges by analyzing the deformation and damage patterns of long boreholes in soft coal seams. It examines the stress distribution and deformation characteristics around both protected and unprotected boreholes at different burial depths. Additionally, it recommends using screen pipe protection technology to improve gas extraction and mining operations, as demonstrated in Changping Coal Mine. The results show that screen pipe protection substantially improves the stress distribution and deformation stability of coal seam boreholes. The flow attenuation coefficients of two boreholes equipped with protection technology decreased by 48% and 61%. After 50 days of extraction from boreholes with a protection rate exceeding 90%, gas concentration remained above 50%, which is 2.59 times higher than that of unprotected boreholes. This technology effectively addresses the frequent accidents, poor extraction performance, and inefficiency of long boreholes in soft coal seams, ensuring the mine’s safe and efficient production.

Forest fragmentation and forest cover dynamics: Mining induced changes in the West Singhbhum District of Jharkhand

Forests play a crucial role in the global climate system by acting as important carbon storage sinks and controlling the flow of carbon between land and the atmosphere. They provide a wide range of ecosystem services, including the supply of resources and biodiversity conservation. Deforestation is a significant issue leading to the release of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. The destruction and fragmentation of existing habitats pose significant threats to biodiversity. This study examined land use/land cover (LULC) alterations in the West Singhbhum district between 1987 and 2021, specifically emphasizing the influence of mining operations on the local forest ecosystem. This study used Landsat satellite imagery to examine data from 1987 to 2021, emphasizing five primary classifications: water body, mining area, built-up areas, open/cropland, and forest/vegetation. The maps were reclassified into two categories, namely, “No-Forest" and “Forest. Forest fragmentation maps were created using Landscape Fragmentation Tool (LFT) v2.0. A regression analysis was conducted to ascertain the correlation between mining growth and the reduction in forest cover. The analysis revealed increased mining areas, developed buildings, and cultivated land accompanied by a decline in forested areas and vegetation. There were substantial changes in land use, with mining areas expanding by 31.14 km2 and open/cropland increasing by 30.39 km2. The conversion of forested areas into agricultural zones and mining regions resulted in a 1.08% reduction in forest coverage.

Global Perspectives on Laterite Mining and Extraction and its Environmental Implications for Nigeria

This paper explores the economic, environmental and social aspects of laterite mining techniques in Nigeria and around the world. Tropical and subtropical climates are home to the rich iron and aluminium oxide-containing soil and rock known as laterite. The article examines the several kinds of laterite deposits found in Nigeria, such as siliceous, bauxitic and ferruginous laterites. The economic significance of laterite mining is derived from its contribution to the construction, steel, iron and aluminium sectors. But there are also serious environmental problems associated with laterite mining like soil erosion, water contamination and deforestation. The energy-intensive character of mineral processing may increase emissions of greenhouse gases. Uncontrolled mining operations have the potential to uproot communities, worsen social injustices and fuel violence. This paper highlights the weaknesses of the regulatory framework in Nigeria, including weak enforcement, inadequate community engagement and limited financial provisions for mine closure and rehabilitation, Laterite mining offers economic benefits through the provision of materials for building and road construction as well as the production of aluminium, iron and other valuable minerals. Finally, governments should implement stricter enforcement mechanisms for existing mining regulations.

Selecting Outdoor Wireless Solution for Bara Prima Borneo Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

The advancement of wireless communication technology is critical for improving the efficiency, safety, and productivity of mining operations. This study focuses on evaluating and recommending an optimal outdoor wireless network solution for Bara Prime Borneo (BPB) mining operations in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for decision-making. The current Wi-Fi infrastructure faces significant challenges, including limited coverage, interference, and scalability issues, which hinder its effectiveness in the demanding mining environment. To address these challenges, the study employs a comprehensive approach to identify stakeholder expectations and value perceptions, explore alternative wireless network designs such as Private LTE and Kinetic Mesh, and systematically select the most suitable solution using AHP. Through discussions with subject matter experts and secondary data collection, the study outlines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) associated with the existing Wi-Fi network and potential alternatives. Using AHP, the study prioritizes various criteria such as coverage, reliability, cost, scalability, and security. The recommended design aims to bridge the gap between current capabilities and future needs, ensuring robust and extensive network coverage that supports various digital applications essential for modern mining. By selecting the proposed solution using AHP, BPB can achieve a more reliable and scalable wireless network, enhancing overall operational efficiency and safety while meeting the evolving demands of its mining operations.

Sustainability and South Africa’s mature mines: The innovation imperative

Given the current reserves, numerous South African Witwatersrand gold and Bushveld platinum mines have a shorter remaining lifespan than the period they have been in full production. This situation presents a paradox: while mines aim for sustainable development, the inherently unsustainable nature of mining poses challenges. A fundamental question emerges: how can mines approaching the end of their economic lives enhance sustainability? One approach is to extend their production lifespan. This approach is especially important in the context of South Africa with its already unacceptably high unemployment rate. Mature mines in established mining jurisdictions face sustainability issues. Thus, this study argues that innovative skills development, research, and partnerships can help sustain mining operations, although commodity prices fluctuate and mines near the end of their economic viability. The study presents novel ideas to assist mature mines in extending their life and reducing the vulnerability of affected mine workers.

Regional, local and current forecast of the impact hazard of coal seam sites based on seismic monitoring

Relevance. Insufficient validity of the quantitative criteria of the regional, local and current forecast of the impact hazard of the coal seams being developed, the absence of algorithms linking the use of geophysical and direct geomechanical methods in forecasting. Aim. To develop a comprehensive method of geodynamic forecasting, including determining the extent of an impact-prone area identified by the results of a regional forecast based on the registration data of the GITS seismic monitoring system, for conducting local and current forecasts of impact hazard by regulatory methods. Object. An array of rocks of the excavation column 4-1-5-7 of the Osinnikovskaya mine during mining operations in the zone of a group of tectonic disturbances and the intersection of advanced workings. Methods. Regional geomechanical forecast by the geophysical method of seismic activity registration (GITS system), local (current) forecast by natural electromagnetic radiation methods (Angel-M equipment) and the output of drilling fines. Results. The paper introduces the results of complex studies in the excavation column 4 1-5-7 of the Osinnikovskaya mine to establish a correlation between seismic activity and the parameters of the stress-strain state of the array. The authors have introduced the concept of integral indicators of the considered parameters IF and Ikσ. They take into account the area of the zone for the i-th range according to the complex parameter of seismic activity F and the coefficient of vertical stresses in the roof of the formation Kσ. It is established that the informative value of the integral indicators is almost twice as high as the informative value of the initial parameters. Experimental nomograms и are presented to determine the category "DANGEROUS/NON-DANGEROUS" for the regional forecast of impact hazard according to the GITS seismic monitoring system. The authors developed a general algorithm for predicting the impact hazard during clean-up operations. This algorithm uses an integrated approach that includes a regional forecast for recording seismic activity within the mine field and local forecasting methods, both geophysical and direct, to clarify the boundaries of seismic energy release zones and confirm the category of impact hazard. Thу paper introduces the example of determining the width of the zone of increased seismic energy release in the mine closest to the seismically active zone. The dynamics of the occurrence, development and decrease of the seismic energy release zone in the considered areas in the mine workings is shown. The authors give the examples of the implementation of a local forecast of impact hazard in previously established potentially dangerous areas by methods of recording natural electromagnetic radiation of rocks and by the output of drilling fines.

Investment Analysis of Public Road Relocation Project within The Mining Concession Area at Pit Gurimbang, Job Site Gurimbang Mine Operation - PT. BC

Investment Analysis of Public Road Relocation Project within The Mining Concession Area at Pit Gurimbang, Job Site Gurimbang Mine Operation - PT. BC

Micro- and macro-scale fracture behaviour of brittle rocks: Comparison between the conventional Brazilian test and the advanced universal snap-back indirect tensile test (AUSBIT)

Post-peak behaviour is crucial for the estimation of rock mass fracturing in cave mining operations where hard rocks can exhibit class-II or snap-back response when subjected to loading. Despite the rapid development of research into class-II rocks under compression, the corresponding behaviour in tensile tests has rarely been investigated, which is critical considering the complexity of rock mass fracturing under various stress states. The post-peak response of brittle rocks involves abrupt micro-fracturing, leading to brittle macro-scale behaviour. Controlling the fracture process using the Advanced Universal Snap-Back Indirect Tensile test (AUSBIT) allowed the acquisition of the complete macro-scale class-II behaviour in the post-peak regime, facilitating the use of advanced techniques for insights into both micro and macro-scale fracture. In this study, the AUSBIT tests with digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE) instrumentation were conducted to analyse the progressive failure in Calca granite and Gosford sandstone specimens. Post-test observations of the fracture surfaces were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). From a macroscale viewpoint, the lateral strain control in AUSBIT enabled controlled cracking with significant lateral strain extension prior to failure accompanied by gradual energy dissipation and higher rates of AE activity as smaller magnitudes of energy are being released by each AE hit or microcrack compared to conventional Brazilian tests. The stable microcrack propagation was also identified from SEM observations with more uniform profiles of microcracks and less debris observed in AUSBIT specimens. These findings were more significant in Calca granite, which verified its extreme class-II behaviour while also demonstrating the efficiency of AUSBIT in controlling the violent failure of high-strength brittle rocks commonly encountered in deep mining projects, leading to the acquisition of more accurate material behaviour in terms of micro and macro-scale post-peak features which was unattainable from conventional indirect tensile tests.

Study of the development patterns of water-conducting fracture zones under karst aquifers and the mechanism of water inrush

The hydrogeological conditions of the Qianbei coalfield are complex, and karst water in the roof rock frequently disrupts mining operations, leading to frequent water inrush incidents. Taking the representative Longfeng Coal Mine as a case study, research was conducted on the development pattern of the water-conducting fracture zone and the water inrush mechanisms beneath karst aquifers. On the basis of key stratum theory and calculations of the stratum stretching rate, the karst aquifer in the Changxing Formation was identified as the primary key stratum. It was deduced that the water-conducting fracture zone would develop into the karst aquifer, indicating a risk of roof water inrush at the working face. Numerical simulations were used to study the stress field, displacement field, and plastic zone distribution patterns in the overlying roof strata. Combined with similar simulation tests and digital speckle experiments, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the water-conducting fracture zone were investigated. During the coal mining process, the water-conducting fracture zone will exhibit a "step-type" development characteristic, with the fracture morphology evolving from vertical to horizontal. Near the goaf boundary, the strain gradually decreases, and the instability of the primary key stratum significantly impacts the mining space below, leading to the closure of interlayer voids or the redistribution of water-conducting fissure patterns. Field measurements of the water-conducting fracture zone reveal that postmining roof fractures can be classified into tensile-shear, throughgoing, and discrete types, with decreasing water-conducting capacity in that order, the measured development height of the water-conducting fracture zone (51 m) aligns closely with the theoretical height (51.37 m) and the numerical simulation height (49.17 m). Finally, from the perspective of key stratum instability, the disaster mechanisms of dynamic water inrush and hydrostatic pressure water inrush beneath the karst aquifers in the northern Guizhou coalfield were revealed. The findings provide valuable insights for water prevention and control efforts in the Qianbei coalfield mining area.

Design Optimization and Analysis of Trenching Excavator Bucket

This research centers on the design optimization and analysis of a trenching excavator bucket using ANSYS engineering simulation software. The study explores modifications, such as decreasing bucket height by 35mm and increasing side plate width to 12mm compared to the stock configuration1. The analysis primarily focuses on evaluating Equivalent Elastic Strain and Total Deformation using ANSYS to ensure improved digging performance and structural integrity. Excavator buckets are vital components in earth-moving operations, and their efficiency directly affects productivity and operational costs. By leveraging ANSY advanced capabilities, this study aims to propose an optimized bucket design that enhances trenching efficiency and durability. The findings provide valuable insights for manufacturers and engineers seeking to elevate excavator bucket technology and improve construction and mining operations through enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness.

The Construction and Application of a Digital Coal Seam for Shearer Autonomous Navigation Cutting.

Accurately obtaining the geological characteristic digital model of a coal seam and surrounding rock in front of a fully mechanized mining face is one of the key technologies for automatic and continuous coal mining operation to realize an intelligent unmanned working face. The research on how to establish accurate and reliable coal seam digital models is a hot topic and technical bottleneck in the field of intelligent coal mining. This paper puts forward a construction method and dynamic update mechanism for a digital model of coal seam autonomous cutting by a coal mining machine, and verifies its effectiveness in experiments. Based on the interpolation model of drilling data, a fine coal seam digital model was established according to the results of geological statistical inversion, which overcomes the shortcomings of an insufficient lateral resolution of lithology and physical properties in a traditional geological model and can accurately depict the distribution trend of coal seams. By utilizing the numerical derivation of surrounding rock mining and geological SLAM advanced exploration, the coal seam digital model was modified to achieve a dynamic updating and optimization of the model, providing an accurate geological information guarantee for intelligent unmanned coal mining. Based on the model, it is possible to obtain the boundary and inclination information of the coal seam profile, and provide strategies for adjusting the height of the coal mining machine drum at the current position, achieving precise control of the automatic height adjustment of the coal mining machine.

Integrated assessment for groundwater quality and flood vulnerability in coal mining regions.

Coal mining activities greatly damage water resources, explicitly concerning water quality. The adverse effects of coal mining and potential routes for contaminants to migrate, either through surface water or infiltration, into the groundwater table. Dealing with pollution from coal mining operations is a significant surface water contamination concern. Consequently, surface water resources get contaminated, harming nearby agricultural areas, drinking water sources, and aquatic habitats. Moreover, the percolation process connected with coal mining could alter groundwater quality. Subsurface water sources can get contaminated by toxins generated during mining activities that infiltrate the soil and reach the groundwater table. The aims of this study are the creation of models and the provision of proposals for corrective measures. Twenty-five scenarios were simulated using MODFLOW; according to the percolation percentage and contamination, 35% of the study area, i.e., the middle of the research area, was the most affected. About 38.08% of the area around the mining zones surrounding Margherita is prone to floods. Agricultural areas, known for applying chemical fertilizers, are particularly vulnerable, generating a risk of pollution to surrounding water bodies during flooding. The outputs of this research contribute to identifying and assessing flood-vulnerable regions, enabling focused measures for flood risk reduction, and strengthening water resource management.

Integrating the Finite Element Method with Python Scripting to Assess Mining Impacts on Surface Deformations

Mining operations disrupt the structure of rock layers, leading to surface deformations and potential mining damage. This issue has been extensively studied since the 19th century using various analytical, geometric-integral, and stochastic methods. Since the 1990s, numerical methods have been increasingly applied to determine changes in the stress and strain states of rock masses due to mining activities. These methods account for numerous additional factors influencing surface deformation, offering significant advantages over classical approaches. However, modelling rock masses presents challenges, particularly in calibrating the mechanical parameters of rock layers, an area extensively researched with numerous publications. In this study, we determined the mechanical parameter values of rock layers at the advancing mining front using a custom Python script and Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical models. We also introduced a modification to evaluate the error of the estimated parameter values. Numerical analyses were conducted for the Piast–Ziemowit mine region in Poland, utilizing mining, geological, and surveying data. Our results demonstrate that accurate calibration of mechanical parameters is crucial for reliable predictions of surface deformations. The proposed methodology enhances the precision of numerical models, providing a more robust framework for assessing the impact of mining activities on rock layers.

Effect of stress unloading rate on fine-scale deformation mechanism of rock under high osmotic pressure

To explore the influence of the working face excavation rate on the rock deformation mechanism and seepage characteristics, deformation and seepage tests of sandstone under different loading and unloading stress paths, such as constant axial pressure unloading confining pressure and loading axial pressure unloading confining pressure, were carried out. Particle Flow Code in 3 Dimensions (PFC3D) and Python were used to realize fluid-solid coupling, and numerical simulation calculations were performed along the test path to analyze the influence of the unloading rate on the fine-scale deformation mechanism and permeability characteristics of sandstone, and the relationship between crack type and permeability was obtained. A sandstone fracture mechanics model is established to analyze the stress concentration degree at the end of the branch crack of the test path. The results show that the rate of confining pressure unloading is inversely proportional to the strain. Additionally, permeability correlates with the principal stress difference in an exponential manner. Interestingly, the sensitivity of permeability to stress shows an inverse trend with the unloading rate of confining pressure. Furthermore, there exists a linear relationship between permeability and the number of cracks. During the unloading process, tensile cracks predominate, and the propagation of shear cracks lags behind that of tensile cracks. The proportion of tensile cracks decreases with the increase of the unloading rate when the axial pressure is unchanged but increases when axial pressure is added, resulting in axial compression deformation and expansion deformation along the unloading direction. These research outcomes offer theoretical insights for the prudent selection of mining rates, and they hold significant implications for mitigating water inrush disasters in deep mining operations.

LANDFILL MINING IN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT: CASE STUDY OF AN ITALIAN LANDFILL

A remediation project involving landfill mining (LFM) was designed and is ongoing at the 40-year-old Villadose landfill in Rovigo, Italy. The original natural clay lining the bottom of the old landfill is being recovered and used as technical material. Meanwhile newly constructed landfill sectors, designed to contained more than four times more waste than previously are being filled with both excavated waste and fresh municipal solid waste. A laboratory scale experiment was conducted to simulate the expected landfill conditions and analyse the effects of different waste fractions on emissions. The fresh municipal waste although pretreated at a mechanical biological treatment plant shows a significant residual emission potential, in terms of TOC, and NH4. A landfill housing such quality of waste would not be expected to have achieved final storage quality by the end of its aftercare life. The joint disposal of this waste fraction and the substantially degraded excavated waste may contribute to shortening this timeline. This paper reports the landfill mining operation, an assessment of the emissions from the landfill simulation reactors and the implications for the expected landfill behaviour.