Minangkabau Tribe Research Articles

Minangkabau migration to Tanah Gayo, Aceh: History, Factors, and Impacts

This research examines the migration of the Minangkabau to Tanah Gayo, Aceh. This research aims to describe the history of migration, the factors of migration, and the impact of the migration of the Minangkabau tribe to Tanah Gayo. The method used in this research is an ethnological research method with data sources through literature studies. This study shows that the history of migration of the Minangkabau tribe to Tanah Gayo started in 1915 (during the Dutch colonial period) and continued until post-independence. The Minangkabau tribe came in waves and generally as traders of spices and textiles. The factors that make the Minangkabau migrate to Tanah Gayo are due to economic factors by way of trading, and cultural factors also influence, namely because there is a matrilineal system. In addition, other factors are due to the philosophy of life that recommends migrating, and other factors are due to disputes in the area of ​​origin and the spreading of the Muhammadiyah organization. The impact of the presence of the Minangkabau tribe on the Tanah Gayo community is the condition of Tanah Gayo being multicultural, the recognition of the Muhammadiyah organization, Minang traders who have created a market, and the occurrence of cultural acculturation due to the marriage between the Gayo tribe and the Minangkabau tribe.

Potential of dadiah kapau from Agam District, West Sumatra, Indonesia as a source of probiotics for health

Abstract. Roza E, Aritonang SN, Yellita Y, Susanty H, Rizqan, Pratama YE. 2021. Potential of dadiah kapau from Agam District, Indonesia as a source of probiotics for health. Biodiversitas 23: 564-571. Dadiah is a fermented product of buffalo milk prepared in a bamboo container as a traditional food in the Minangkabau tribe of West Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aimed to identify lactic acid bacteria that are potentially probiotics from dadiah products. The method used in this research includes an experimental survey with descriptive data analysis. The dadiah used in this study was taken from dadiah breeders and processors in Nagari Kapau, Agam District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Tests for selection of probiotic candidates included macroscopic and microscopic observations, catalase test, fermentative type, resistance to gastric acid (pH 3), resistance to bile salts, antimicrobial activity using test bacteria Escherichia coli O157, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella sp. Molecular identification was carried out by using 16S rRNA to determine the relationship of species using MEGA version 7.0 application. The study results revealed that the total colonies of dadiah kapau lactic acid bacteria were 128 x 108 CFU/g, and 12 isolates were obtained from the isolation results. Catalase negative for 12 isolates and 9 homofermentative types and 3 including heterofermentative types. Tests for resistance to gastric acid (pH 3) and bile salt resistance, the best viability was 84.61% and 86.51% respectively. The best antimicrobial activity showed a clear zone against the test bacteria E. coli O157, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella sp. The phylogenetic analysis of the sequencing results shows that the dadiah kapau lactic acid bacteria are closely related to Lactobacillus plantarum.

ENHANCING INDONESIAN CULINARY TOURISM THROUGH THE DIVERSITY OF INDONESIAN FOODS

With more that 1,200 different ethnicities, Indonesia remains the most diverse country the world could offer. With such a large scope of cultural diversity, eating habits and norms can vary in each province or even city. There are a few of Indonesian cuisines that have already penetrated the international market. From the world class nasi padang from the Minangkabau tribe to papeda from the far east island of Papua, Indonesia offers millions of variations in processing food and daily necessities. However, many other foods and delicacies are still under the radar and lack of acknowledgement from the outside world. The calibre of what Indonesia can contribute to the world of cuisines is beyond belief. This thesis will discuss the importance of respecting and learning other cultures, furthermore, how food can contribute to the unity and tourism sector of this country. The calibre of what Indonesia can contribute to the world of cuisines is beyond belief. Keywords: Culinary, Cultural Identity, Social Diversity, Tourism

Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Dalam Kesenian Randai Pada Sanggar Al-Barokah Di Korong Rimbo Panjang, Padang Pariaman

This study aims to identify and describe the values of Randai art education in the Al-Barokah Korong Rimbo Panjang Studio, Nagari Sungai Abang, Lubuk Alung District, Padang Pariaman Regency which is contained in the three elements of art in Randai namely script, motion, and music. The Randai played in the research object of the Al-Barokah studio is Randai with a script entitled Siti Baheram dari Pariaman, the values seen in this Randai are social values, ethics, and customs. This research is motivated by an interest in the Minangkabau tribe which is rich in customs and culture that regulates people's lives in a very complex manner. One of the elements of culture is art and a very interesting art in Minangkabau is Randai. According to Randai experts, apart from being an entertainment, it can also function as an educational medium. This research is qualitative by using descriptive method. The instrument in this study was the researcher himself with the help of stationery and cellphone cameras. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study reveal that social values, ethics, and customs are contained in Siti Baheram's script, movements and in Randai music.

TRANSFORMATION OF TENGKULUK TANDUK WITH WEAVING TECHNIQUES

Tengkuluk is one of the traditional clothing equipment (head cover) of a Bundo Kanduang (biological mother) in the Minangkabau tribe. Currently tengkuluk is rarely used in everyday life, only used in traditional events or other official activities. This reality encourages the creation of this tengkuluk work to be carried out. The method of creating works used consists of three stages, namely experimentation, reflection, and formation. The result of the creation of this work shows that the tengkuluk made with woven techniques and pandan leaf material and decorated with Swarovski looks practical and flexible when used by mothers and teenagers in their daily lives. This new creation in the form of the Koto Gadang tengkuluk expresses the meaning of philosophical values, namely the responsibility of women when they have married.

THE EXISTENCE AND POWER OF “NINIAK MAMAK” IN PRESERVING THE LUAMBEK DANCE WITHIN THE SINTUAK COMMUNITY

Niniak Mamak is part of a social group within Minangkabau tribe. He acts as a customary leader in Minangkabau clan. Niniak Mamak plays an important role in sustaining and continuity of cultures and customs which exist in the village. Thus, the role of Niniak Mamak becomes important in socio-cultural life of Minangkabau community. This article describes the role of Niniak Mamak in maintaining Luambek art in Sintuak village, Padang Pariaman district. The role and efforts of Niniak Mamak with his power as tribal leaders is the focus of attention in this study. This study is a qualitative research using descriptive analysis method. Qualitative data were obtained through literature study, direct observation, and various interviews with informants. Interviews and observations were based on indicators designed to refer to research questions. The analysis was carried out by combining the ethnographic and phenomenological analysis model as well as referring to the Miles and Huberman model. The result shows that the existence of Niniak Mamak with his power as rulers of relatives can encourage nephews and people in the community to be involved in preserving Luambek dance and cultivate it as a cultural heritage of their ancestors. In addition, through his role as a customary leader, Niniak Mamak places Luambek art as a symbol of his greatness in Sintuak community, Padang Pariaman district.

PENGARUH MEWARNAI GAMBAR TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN HOSPITALISASI PADA ANAK PRA SEKOLAH DI RS NURUL HASANAH KUTACANE TAHUN 2021

The family has a health duty whose purpose is to prevent the occurrence of health problems and care for sick family members. There are five health tasks that must be done by the family dengan well. The implementation of this family health task is inseparable from the cultural factors owned by the family, such as the Minangkabau tribe who adhere to the patrilineal system. This research aims to identify the implementation of family health tasks in the Minangkabau tribe in Nogo Rejo Village of Galang Subdistrict. Research design is descriptive. Sampling with purposive sampling technique. A sample of 46 people consisted of 28 male respondents and 18 female respondents. The study was conducted from May 17 to July 12, 2021. Data collection is done using a questionnaire of family health tasks that includes demographic data and family health tasks. Then the data obtained is processed using descriptive analysis to determine the distribution of frequencies and percentages. The results showed that almost two-thirds (2/3) of respondents carried out family health duties in the Minangkabau tribe with a good category (63.04%). The conclusion of this study shows that implementing family health duties in the Minangkabau tribe belongs to the category of good (63.04%).

Pelaksanaan Pembagian Harta Warisan Berdasarkan Hukum Adat Pada Masyarakat Suku Minangkabau Di Kota Matsum II Medan

Indonesia has diverse customs, one of which is the Minangkabau tribe. Many Minang tribes go abroad to big cities that aim to change their destiny. The custom of the Minangkabau tribe is regulated according to the mother law (matrilineal). Over time the adat experienced a shift, especially in terms of the distribution of inheritance, especially the people of Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, who migrated or left their hometowns to Matsum II City, where the community had 80% inhabitants inhabited by the Minang tribe community. This raises the interest of writers to find out what is the cause of the shift in customs occur. The research method used is to come directly to the field and conduct interviews by taking a sample of 10 people, the sample was randomly selected by the criteria of the people who have Minangkabau ethnicity. Based on the results of the author's research conducted in the City of Matsum II, Medan Area District, 90% actually no longer use the customary inheritance system in the distribution of inheritance. The factors causing changes in the inheritance distribution system is due to the migration of the Minangkabau tribe community who have assets based on the results of the livelihood with their husband and wife while they are overseas so that the Minangkabau tribal people prefer the distribution of inheritance based on Islamic law.

Upacara Adat Perkawinan Masyarakat Nias Di Kota Padang Tahun 1998-2019


 
 The purpose of this research is to see the implementation of the traditional wedding ceremony of the Nias community in Padang City in the midst of the Minangkabau tribe in 1998-2019 and to find out the reasons why there has been a change in the traditional wedding ceremony instruments of the Nias community in Padang City 1998-2019. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Collecting data using interviews, observation, and documentation in order to get accurate results. Data analysis was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The data validity technique used triangulation technique. Based on the results of research conducted on the Nias community in Padang City to be precise in Pondok Village, it was concluded that there was a ceremony left by the Nias community because it was no longer in accordance with the present era and no one could master these procedures, for example there was a death ceremony, there was a molaya or surround the deceased while uttering words of consolation, wailing, ose ose and aju aju, there are things that have not been lost but are rarely held because of the large costs of planning ceremonies such as molau hoasa, private title-enforcing parties, inauguration of traditional shoots because there are no more chiefs and shoot adat, which has the acknowledgment of the head of the customary village in each area of the resident's residence, the cost of jujuran is quite large, of course it has an impact on each individual (can / cannot afford), still uses alcoholic drinks, even though the levels used now are very low, and have even been replaced with fanta drinks and the like, there looks ge nets in the younger generation who are interested in the customs of Nias then each ceremony is determined by those who have a desire. They think that traditional ceremonies are difficult and complicated and require a lot of money, even though it is not the case, and the presence of young men who are married to other ethnicities has resulted in the loss of the man's tribe to his children and the woman who marries another ethnicity where the man and the woman are married. cannot give the tribe to his children.
 Keywords: Traditional Ceremony, Marriage, Nias
 

The Study of The Architectural Characteristics of ‘Umah of The Sakai Tribe in Sumatra

The Sakai Tribe or Oghang Daghek (Orang Darat) live simply and depend on nature in the forest and on the banks of rivers. This tribe is one of the tribes in the Central Sumatra region that has ties to the Minangkabau Tribe. The traditional house itself is very simple, which has the characteristics of an early vernacular house in Sumatra. However, a clear and scientific study of the architectural characteristics of this house is still incomplete. What are the characteristics of the Sakai Tribe House? This research was conducted using a qualitative method approach to analyze the object of the case directly in the field descriptively. The purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of this tribal traditional house. This research resulted in the architectural characteristics of the Sakai Tribe.

Ethnomathematics study of Minangkabau tribe: formulation of mathematical representation in the Marosok traditional trading

ABSTRACT This research aims to explore the use of ethnomathematics in revealing mathematical representations and in the formulation of a calculation system used in the Marosok trading tradition by the Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra. Ethnomathematics studies ideas in various cultural activities practiced by ethnic, social, or professional groups. The tradition involves nonverbal communication, such as shaking hands with ‘Marosok’ or touching covered fingers to obtain price agreements in trading livestock. Therefore, this study was conducted using qualitative approaches and the ethnographic method via field notes, unstructured interviews, and documentation studies. The findings showed that mathematical representations of finger symbols and gestures in the Marosok Tradition contain basic numbers. These include half, one, two, two and a half, three, four, five, etc. with functions, such as addition and subtraction, which are used to obtain other numbers needed in livestock trading transactions using specific formulas.

Rendang lokan: history, symbol of cultural identity, and food adaptation of Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra, Indonesia

Rendang is a kind of food that has become one of cultural heritages of Minangkabau tribe. It is not only a local food that has been crowned the best food in the world by CNN, but it also serves as the cultural identity. Most of people think that rendang is only made from beef of buffalo meat. In fact, rendang has many varieties that relate to the types of the area and the local natural resources where it is cooked. West Sumatra consists of mountainous and coastal areas. One of the popular rendang varieties in coastal areas is Rendang Lokan—it is not made from beef but oyster (lokan). Rendang Lokan is a kind of food for people who live in this area. They use resources of the sea for their foods. Rendang, for Minangkabau tribe, is not only considered as a traditional food but also as a symbol of cultural identity from a certain area. This article is aimed at discussing the history of using Oyster as the main ingredient for rendang as one of the rendang varieties coming from the coastal areas in West Sumatra. The results show that rendang lokan is a representation of the characteristics of Minangkabau people who have the ability to adapt themselves to the local environmental conditions in maintaining their cultural identity. Rendang lokan was initially created as the adjustment of the Minangkabau people who live in the coastal areas to the local natural resources and their economic conditions.

Hypoglycemic effects of Enhydra fluctuans aerial extract on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Enhydra fluctuans is one of the medicinal plants of the Minangkabau tribe, West Sumatra, Indonesia which is widely used by the community to treat various diseases including diabetes mellitus. However, scientific studying of its hypoglycemic activity is very limited. In this study, we evaluated the hypoglycemic activity of E. fluctuans aerial ethanol using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in stable hyperglycemia rats and its phytochemical screening. Twenty-five diabetic rats were divided into five groups with five replications: negative control, positive control (glibenclamide), ethanol extract dosage of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Blood glucose is measured at 0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes. Blood glucose level, the area under the curve (AUC) value, and the percentage of blood glucose reduction is calculated. It was found that a dosage of 500 mg/kg was the best hypoglycemic activity in stable hyperglycemia rats and significantly different (p<0.05) compared with the negative control. Hypoglycemic activity of this dosage was longer if compared with glibenclamide. E. fluctuans aerial ethanol extract contained saponins, phenolic, terpenoids, steroids, and coumarin compounds. Our findings demonstrate that E. fluctuans have potent hypoglycemic effects in diabetes.

Kerajaan Minangkabau Sebagai Asal-usul Kesultanan Jambi

This article discusses the Minangkabau kingdom and its existence as the origin of the Jambi Sultanate. This issue is considered important because at this time there are many people who do not understand the relationship between the kingdoms in the past, which regions are currently included in the kingdoms of these kingdoms. The results of this study are expected to provide an explanation of the main problems proposed and so contribute to the development of knowledge, especially about the local history of Jambi and West Sumatra. Besides, it can be used as material for consideration by related institutions in order to preserve historical and cultural values and for regional development and development. By using a multidimensional approach and supported by the application of historical methods that refer to scientific historical research procedures, it is hoped that the questions raised in the formulation of the problem will be objectively and systematically expressed. The results showed that the Minangkabau area was an old area that had been inhabited by humans at least since the Batu Muda era around 2000 years BC. In the district of 50 Kota there are many Menhir findings which are thought to be from that period. The Minangkabau area is the area where Sang Sapurba's title Datuk Maharaja Diraja descended which in oral tradition is considered the ancestor of the Minangkabau tribe and the Malay family in general and also as a figure who descended the kings who ruled on the island of Sumatra, especially the Malay countries. In the context of Jambi and Minangkabau relations, it can be said that the kings who ruled in the Jambi kingdom were descended from the Minangkabau Kingdom. Putri Selaro Pinang Masak, who in the Jambi royal legend is seen as the founder of the Jambi kingdom, was the son of Ananggawarman who ruled in Pagaruyung from 1376 - 1417 AD. As an old country, Minangkabau has a customary and cultural system that affects the surrounding area, including the Jambi area. A source from the Jambi Malay Customary Institute said that the one who composed Jambi's customs was Datuk Perpatih Nan Sabatang from Pagaruyung, while those from Bandar Jambi were Datuk Ketemanggungan

Ethnomathematics study: Formalizing mathematical representation in the Marosok trading tradition in Minangkabau

Ethnomathematics studies mathematical ideas in various cultural activities practiced by ethnic, social or professional groups. This research was carried out as part of the exploration and inventory of ethnomathematics to reveal mathematical representations and formulate a system of calculations used in the Marosok trading tradition by the Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra. The Marosok buying and selling tradition is the tradition of shaking hands with “marosok” or touching fingers covered with cloth (cover), between sellers and buyers with the aim of obtaining price agreements in buying and selling livestock using nonverbal communication. Qualitative approaches and ethnographic methods through the principles of data collection such as field notes, unstructured interviews, and documentation studies were used in this study. The findings of this study show that mathematical representations of finger symbols and gesture in the Marosok tradition contain basic numbers one, two, three, four, five and two and a half as well as two types of operations, namely addition and subtraction. This mathematical representation is used to obtain other numbers needed in livestock buying and selling transactions using a certain formula.

Ratio of Inter Canthal Distance to Mesiodistal Width of Upper Anterior Teeth of the Upper Jaw Between Batak and Minangkabau Tribe

Introduction. Indonesia is rich in diversity of ethnic groups, each of which has its own characteristics, including the Batak and Minangkabau tribes. One of these characteristics can be seen from the intercanthal distance and mesiodistal width of the six maxillary anterior teeth. This research was aimed to determine whether there is a difference in the ratio of the intercanthal distance to the mesiodistal width of the six maxillary anterior teeth between the Batak and Minangkabau tribes.Methods. This research is analytic observational with nonexperimental correlation design. The research subjects were 60 people with the subject inclusion criteria were aged&gt; 17 years. The intercanthal distance was measured from the median angle of the right eye to the left in the study subjects. Mesiodistal width measurements of six maxillary anterior teeth were performed in the study model, measured from the mesial to the widest distal margin of each tooth. Both measurements were carried out using a digital caliper with three repetitions. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and independent t-test.Results. The results showed a significant (p&gt; 0.05) and strong relationship between the intercanthal distance and mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior six teeth in both tribes. The results of the independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the two tribes (p &lt;0.05) with the mean value of comparison in the Batak tribe 1:1.42 and the Minangkabau tribe 1: 1.45.Conclusion. There was a significant difference in the ratio of the intercanthal distance to the mesiodistal width of the six maxillary anterior teeth between the Batak and the Minangkabau.

Plants used in the traditional ceremony in kanagarian tiku

The use of plants in traditional tribal ceremonies is a culture. Kanagarian Tiku are inhabited by 3 tribes, namely Minangkabau, Java and Nias. In carrying out the Traditional Ceremony in Kanagarian Tiku each tribe still uses traditional plants. The traditional ceremonies examined are traditional ceremonies of marriage, birth, death and the first milestone. The purpose of this research is to find out the type of plant, the part used and its function in traditional ceremonies of each tribe. Data collection with survey methods, interviews and plant collections. Respondents interviewed were ninik mamak, tribal chiefs, bundo kanduang and people who used to look for plants for traditional ceremonies. The results showed that 44 plant species were used in traditional ceremonies and belonged to 27 families. Parts of plants used by roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. The most widely used part of the plant leaves 36.4% and the least seeds are only 1%. At the Minangkabau and Javanese tribal wedding ceremonies using 7 species, the Nias tribe is 5 species. In traditional birth ceremonies and the first milestone only performed by Minangkabau tribes using 20 species and 13 species. In the traditional ceremony the death of the Minangkabau tribe uses 10 species, Java 9 species and Nias 6 species. Plants that have the highest utilization rates are found in Piper betle, Areca chatecu, Uncaria gambir, and Nicotiana tabacum with UV 0.33.

PERBANDINGAN EKONOMI ADAT MINANGKABAU DENGAN EKONOMI ISLAM

Years Ago, the Minangkabau tribe Community in West Sumatera as the the largest matrilineal in the world, has a communal economic system based on the Minangkabau tradition with a proto-democratic system. This paper aims to analyze the comparison of traditional economies with Islamic economics. The research method is descriptive qualitative by conducting surveys and focused group discussion (FGD). The results show Minang people who obey the Islamic rules and Minang custom do not carry out the Islamic economy system. It is because the influence of social and cultural side such as the capitalist economy system. As a result, there will be less togetherness between people based on the philosophy of "Adat Basandi Sa'arak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah".

Food-based recommendations for Minangkabau women of reproductive age with dyslipidemia.

Considering the impact of unfavorable dietary practices on inadequate nutrient intake, this cross-sectional study aimed to explore dietary practices, including problem nutrients, and develop local food-based recommendations (FBRs) to improve the intake of problem nutrients among women of reproductive age (WoRA) with dyslipidemia in Minangkabau, Indonesia. The study was conducted in the Padang township inhabited mostly by the Minangkabau tribe. Accordingly, 74 WoRA with dyslipidemia completed the study. Two replicate 24-h recalls and a 5-day food record were used to assess food consumption patterns. Then, linear programming (LP) analysis using three modules of the WHO Optifood software was employed to identify problem nutrients and develop FBRs. Median (5th and 95th percentiles) weekly consumption frequencies for grain; meat, fish, and eggs; and added fat were 18 (14-27), 11 (6-16), and 15 (7-30), while those for fruits and vegetables were 2 (0-11) and 7 (2-16), respectively. Based on the aforementioned food pattern, PUFA (both n-3 and n-6 fatty acids), dietary fiber, iron, and zinc were identified as typical problem nutrients. The final FBR emphasized on incorporating locally available nutrient-dense foods, as well as food groups and sub-groups, which would improve the intake of problem nutrients. Minangkabau WoRA have dietary practices that predispose them to dyslipidemia. Moreover, the LP approach is a sensitive tool for identifying nutrient-dense foods that could potentially improve problem nutrient intake, as well as those that need to be limited in the final FBR.

Psycho-Cultural Perspective on the Formation of Entrepreneurial Culture of Minangkabau Tribe in West Sumatra Indonesia

This paper aims to examine and to discuss how entrepreneurial culture is formed from perceived values, cultural dimension, kinship system and informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning of a society. As the context of the research, it uses the Minangkabau tribe, which enjoys supportive social supports and where the culture of entrepreneurship is naturally accepted by the most of the tribe members as a part of their way of life. This paper considers and argues that perceived value, cultural dimension, kinship system and ‘merantau’ – an informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning of the tribe have brought direct and/or indirect positive impact to the creation of an entrepreneurial culture within the tribe. As the basis, a qualitative approach and analysis in terms of descriptive-reflexive observatory method is used to analyse the topic, which is further narratively and descriptively presented. Results of paper have shown the possible model of how perceived value, cultural dimension, kinship system and informal cultural based entrepreneurial learning can perform an entrepreneurial culture of a society, in which it is considered as the significant contribution in the research related to the culture and entrepreneurship.&#x0D;