Minangkabau Tribe Research Articles

Chances of Presbycusis in Minangkabau Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Complications in Padang City

Background: Presbycusis is a loss of hearing ability that occurs slowly with age. One of the risk factors that plays a role in the occurrence of presbycusis is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is an extrinsic factor that affects cochlear blood flow and reduces nutrient transport through deoxygenation, resulting in secondary degeneration of the organ of corti and the auditory nerve. Aim: To assess the increase in the chance of presbycusis in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications in the Minangkabau tribe in Padang City. Method: This research is unpaired categorical analytical research with a case control design using primary data. Samples were selected using consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test. Results: Presbycusis was most commonly found in the young elderly group, 16 people (84.2%), the gender of the presbycusis elderly was mostly female, 12 people (63.2%), the longest time diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, the most presbycusis elderly was ≥5 years, 13 people (68.4%), the Minangkabau tribe with the most presbycusis elderly is Jambak 5 people (26.3%). The highest audiometric description of elderly people was mild, 16 people (45.7%). The majority of elderly people experienced mild presbycusis, 10 people (30.3%). There is a significant increase in the chance of presbycusis in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications with p=0.015 and an OR calculation of 3.431. Conclusion: There was an increased chance of presbycusis in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications.

Minang Kabau Wedding Traditions: An Anthropolinguistic Study

The traditions of the Minang Kabau traditional wedding ceremony have cultural meanings and sociological functions that are followed from generation to generation by the Minang Kabau community. However, these traditions are not fully held by the community due to the shift of non-matrilineal culture. This study aims to explain the wedding ceremony traditions of the Minang Kabau tribe in matrilineal cultural practices. This research uses anthropological theory, where data is taken through the method of interviews (open-ended interviews), observation (observation) both participatory observation and observation-periodic to the field, and literature review (written document) This research uses qualitative methods. The data obtained were 10 people who helped implement the wedding ceremony traditions of the Minang Kabau tribe. From this research, descriptive data and explanations can be presented from the traditional wedding traditions of the Minang Kabau.The local wisdom contained in the traditional wedding traditions of the Minang Kabau is consensus in achieving goals, mutual cooperation, mutual honor between the two families and the bride and groom.

Minangkabaunese matrilineal: The correlation between the Qur’an and gender

Upon previous research, the matrilineal system seems to oppose Islamic teaching. However, the matrilineal system practiced by the Minangkabau society in West Sumatra, Indonesia has its uniqueness. Thus, this study aims to examine the correlation between the Qur’an and gender roles within the context of Minangkabau customs, specifically focusing on the matrilineal aspect. The present study employs qualitative methods for conducting library research through critical analysis. This study discovered that the matrilineal system practiced by the Minangkabau society aligns with Qur’anic teachings that respect the position of women in Islam. In the matrilineal system of Minangkabau, women hold significant strength and play an influential role in cultural and traditional practices. The Minangkabau tribe’s matrilineal system encompasses three key elements: marriage, inheritance and offspring. The marriage system is exogamous. Additionally, the practice of marriage is localised, with the husband typically residing in the wife’s household. Their inheritance is divided into pusako tinggi [from ancestors from generation to generation] and pusako randah (from the efforts of married couple). Women get pusako tinggi as they serve as protectors and a symbol of their community. In comparison, men take the responsibility of overseeing its preservation to prevent any form of misuse. Pusako randah is distributed as Islamic teaching. Lineage determination is primarily based on paternal lineage, aligning with Islamic teaching. Upon comprehensive analysis, it becomes evident that there is no conflict between the matrilineal system and Islamic teachings, particularly concerning principles of gender equality. Both women and men have significant roles, as the Qur’an provides extensive explanations regarding gender equality.Contribution: This research holds significant findings in establishing a great relation between Islamic teachings based on the Qur’an and the matrilineal principles practiced by the Minangkabau tribe.

The Symbolic Meaning In Minangkabau Bukittinggi Traditional Wedding : Semiotics Studies

Minang or Minangkabau is an ethnic cultural group that adheres to a distinctive customary system, namely the family system according to female lineage which is called the matrilineal system. In Minangkabau culture, marriage is one of the important events in the life cycle and is a very significant transitional period in forming a new small family group for offspring. The purpose of this research is to find out the symbolic meaning in Minangkabau traditional marriage. This research uses a qualitative method and uses the Peirce’s theory. The informants of this study are people who understand Minangkabau culture, such as the coconut of the Minangkabau tribe. Data collection techniques through observation and direct interviews to the field and obtain information from several books and websites. the results obtained were: maminang (applying), rapek sumando (consultation of traditional leaders), malam bainai (attaching henna to the bride), Manjapuik marapulai (picking up the groom), basandiang (side by side). Then the researcher compiles, describes, and writes the symbolic meanings that exist in the traditional Minangkabau wedding steps.

Clinical analysis of the nose on Down syndrome patients in the Minangkabau tribe

Background: Down's syndrome (DS) is a congenital disorder due to prenatal trisomy 21 which causes malformations of organs and body shape, including the nose. The variables measured are the points that determine the aesthetics of the nose. Purpose: This study aimed to describe primary data thus obtained from nose anthropometry of Down syndrome in the Minangkabau tribe can be used as a reference in nose reconstruction in patients with Down syndrome to restore physiological function and add aesthetic value. Methods: This research is a descriptive type study with a cross-sectional method using primary data as subjects. The sample of this study were people with Down syndrome who have Minangkabau ethnicity, totaling 22 samples with an age range of 13-25 years from special schools in Padang city. The study was conducted by observation and anthropometry of the nose using graphical images computerized by software called rhinobase software. Results: The results of this study showed that the nose width is 15.25 mm ± 2.07, the ala nasi width is 41.41 mm ± 3.47, the nasofrontal angle was 133.59° ± 5.89, the nasolabial angle was 109.24° ± 13.60 , the nose length is 32.16 mm ± 3.24. Conclusion: From this study, various results were found on the size of the aesthetic points of the nose of Down syndrome patients in the Minangkabau ethnic group when compared to DS patients in different race, ethnic, or non DS patients.

Study of Shamanic Witchcraft (Santet) Culture in the Indonesian Archipelago

Various ethnic groups in Sumatra also possess shamanic traditions that involve traditional rites and the involvement of shamans or individuals with specialized skills in countering black magic. Each of these ethnic groups possesses distinct practices and beliefs. The Batak tribe has diverse ethnic subgroups, including Toba Batak, Karo, Mandailing, and others. Within Batak culture, there exist shamanistic rituals, and individuals who perform these rituals are referred to as "datu" or "Batak shamans." The shaman has a crucial function in upholding social and spiritual equilibrium within society. They possess the ability to retaliate against dark sorcery or provide healing for ailments through their expertise and spiritual wisdom. The Minangkabau tribe upholds robust traditional customs, which encompass shamanic rituals associated with the veneration of ancestors and nature deities. Within Minangkabau society, there exist individuals known as "bundo kanduang" who possess specialized expertise in countering the effects of black magic and healing ailments by traditional means. The Bukit Barisan tribe is an indigenous population dispersed over the Bukit Barisan region, encompassing a significant portion of Sumatra Island. Their religious system encompasses shamanic ideologies and rituals that revolve around the veneration of nature spirits and ancestral figures. Shamans, or spiritual leaders, play a crucial role in upholding social and spiritual equilibrium within their communities. It is crucial to bear in mind that these shamanic rituals exhibit variations among different ethnic groups and subgroups in Sumatra. Moreover, the impact of religions like Islam and Christianity has also had an influence on certain shamanic activities within these communities. Shamanic practices encompass a range of functions, including customary rituals and endeavors to address societal and metaphysical discord. Gaining insight into this cultural legacy and shamanistic customs enables us to value the cultural variety in Indonesia and the ongoing evolution and adjustment of various cultures in response to changing circumstances.

Exploring Traditional Dadiah Food as a Part of Cultural Identity and Sustainability in Minangkabau Tribe Tourism


 Traditional food is an intangible cultural heritage that has regional, specific characteristics, various kinds and types that reflect the natural potential of each region, so that Indonesia is not only said to be rich in nature, but also in all the diversity of culture and food that exists, but this does not rule out the possibility These traditional foods will experience extinction if their sustainability is not maintained, such as the conventional Dadiah food which originates from West Sumatra.Dadiah is a traditional yogurt from milk buffalo originating in Minangkabau,West Sumatra. Dadiah, as traditional food, needs to be preserved in modern society by providing elements of novelty but still taking into account the characteristics and fundamental values ​​that have been previously owned. This study aims to analyze the application of the innovation leadership pyramid in the traditional food product Dadiah in order to discover the elements of tradition in the traditional food product. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data through observation, interviews, and literature study. The data obtained comes from factual conditions in the field when conducting research, so the data received will be analyzed using the innovation guide pyramid. It is hoped that the results of this research will be able to find new elements that can be applied to traditional dadiah food so that the traditional food remains preserved.
 Keywords: Traditional Food, Dadiah, Innovation Guiding Pyramid

The Role of Minangkabau and Batak Families in Medan

Background. The family has a pattern of relationships or rules of behavior and is a social institution that has a system of norms and procedures for completing important tasks. The family is an important social institution in Indonesia, where the family has a set of norms and rules to accomplish important tasks in the family. Families play an important role in shaping a person's character and social behavior in society. The main task of the family is to pass on traditions, attitudes, behaviours and values by creating an environment conducive to positive interaction and socialization between the child and their environment. The Minangkabau community in Indonesia, originating from West Sumatra, has a matrilineal kinship system, which emphasizes childcare by the mother and guidance from the mother's brothers. In contrast, the father's role is to provide for the family. The Batak community has a patrilineal kinship system, where kinship relationships are based on the father's lineage. In Batak tradition, men have a higher status than women, and only men are allowed to make decisions in family discussions.
 Methods. This study is quantitative in nature using descriptive methods. The population of this study was 600 Minangkabau families and 480 Batak families in Medan with a sample of 169 people, of which 86 people from the Minangkabau tribe and 83 people from the Batak tribe. The technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire.
 Results. The results showed that mothers from the Minangkabau tribe were in the very good category at 73.3% and the Batak tribe respondents were in the very good category with a total of 72.3%.
 Conclusion. The role of mothers from the Minangkabau and Batak tribes is in the excellent category.
 Keywords: Mother's Role, Family, Minangkabau, Batak

Actor Relations in the Change of Shape and Space in the Rumah Gadang of Balai Kaliki Traditional Village

Rumah Gadang is a traditional building that represents the cultural identity of Minangkabau Tribe in West Sumatera. This traditional building is a cultural heritage that must be preserved. However, preservation led to many changes in the form and space of traditional buildings. Rumah Gadang which is located in Kampung Adat Balai Kaliki, Payakumbuh City West Sumatera has a level of change in minor and major. That matter could happen because of differences in the network of actor relations in each building. The factor of actor relations has an impact to change the preservation of traditional buildings, thus providing a new perspective on the preservation of traditional buildings. Therefore, this research aims to observe the changes that occur in the Rumah Gadang located in Kampung Adat Balai Kaliki through actor network’s perspective. Completion of this research using a qualitative methodology with Actor Network Theory (ANT) method by examining changes that occur in Rumah Gadang holistically, which is through a study the relations between the actors involved in that building to discorver the factors that cause the changes. This research find that the relation of actors involved in each Rumah Gadang determines the quantity of building changes. The result is charted using sosiotechnogram to know the strong actors in actor relations from each Rumah Gadang. Therefore, this research could be the basis for appropriate practices of preserving Rumah Gadang traditional building.

Etnomatematika Melalui Simbol dan Komunikasi Nonverbal dalam Tradisi Marosok di Minangkabau

Studies that examine mathematical ideas or practices in various cultural activities are known as ethnomathematics. Ethnomathematics studies mathematical ideas in various cultural activities carried out by ethnic, social or professional groups. This research was conducted as part of the exploration in the Marosok trade tradition by the Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra. This study aims to reveal the practice of mathematics through symbols and gestures contained in buying and selling transactions through the Marosok tradition in Minangkabau. The Marosok buying and selling tradition is the tradition of shaking hands "Marosok" or touching a finger covered with cloth (cover), between the seller and the buyer with the aim of getting an agreement on the price in the sale and purchase of livestock using nonverbal communication. This nonverbal communication activity can be used as a context to support language diversity in mathematics. Language diversity can facilitate all students with diverse learning needs. This research uses qualitative research with literature study method. The results obtained from this study indicate that symbols and finger gestures in the Marosok tradition contain the basic numbers one, two, three, four, five and two and a half as well as two types of operations in mathematics, namely addition and subtraction. These finger symbols and gestures can be used as a math practice.

Linguistic Politeness Based on Local Wisdom for Minangkabau Tribal Elementary Children

<p>Parenting the Minangkabau tribe's children often involved conflicts with prolonged peers; egoism is still high; they are accustomed to discriminating against friends; and their lack of respect for friends indicates that they have low-quality interpersonal communication. Technological developments that should be avoided negatively influence the relationship between social interaction and the quality of the transmission of the alpha generation. Even though the children who have a Minangkabau ethnic background have been taught good manners, both in speaking and in acting, through the teaching of "Kato Nan Ampek," Therefore, the purpose of conducting research was to analyze parental care toward children in interpersonal communication in terms of Minangkabau culture. The research analysis uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. The results of the study show that the parenting style in Minangkabau that teaches children good manners towards older people, the same person, younger people, and people who are visited has not been implemented. Minangkabau children have started to apply a way of speaking that shows language impoliteness. Minangkabau ethnic generation based on local wisdom in elementary schools. The results of the research show that there is a new theory, "Parenting of Kato nan Ampek" as a local wisdom developed in Minangkabau that has been able to form politeness in children's language since. Kato nan Ampek's parenting theory teaches that politeness can be applied in a local wisdom-based learning process that applies local cultural values in elementary schools. It is suggested that teachers can apply Kato nan Ampek's Parenting theory to teach and familiarize language politeness for elementary school children, especially teachers in West Sumatra.</p>

DECONSTRUCTING CULTURAL STEREOTYPES TO UNCOVER HIDDEN TOURISM POTENTIALS

People of Minangkabau descent in Indonesia have several negative stereotypes that have long developed in society. Not only can it disturb the psychological condition of these ethnic group members, but it can also trigger intercultural conflict. This condition does not help the local government promote West Sumatra as a cultural tourism destination. This study deconstructs the negative stereotypes in order to correct misperceptions that have occurred so far. The study tests Hofstede’s cultural dimensions in two ways; first is towards the deconstruction process of Minangkabau’s original traditional teachings. The second is towards the nuclear family configuration using ANOVA test to find the shifting cultural values. This study attempts to find the origin of the negative stereotypes and confirm it with the original traditional teachings. This study can ward off bad cultural stereotypes as it corrects misconceptions about the nature of the matrilineal Minangkabau culture. Besides elaborating on the cause of negative stereotypes, this study also finds out the origin of positive ones. They are known to have high social awareness, strong entrepreneurial abilities, and excellent leadership skills. Thanks to these three good stereotypes, the Minangkabau people can then produce crafts that are intelligent and timeless, such as the production of engravings on songket cloth that are full of philosophy, the architectural feature of the Bagonjong house roof, the traditional dress, culinary menus, music, and art. This research produces data artifacts about contemporary Minangkabau culture to benefit the cultural tourism industry. This deconstruction approach has never been tested on the Minangkabau tribe.

Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Agesti ARA, Ariyanti NS, Chikmawati T, Purwanto Y. 2023. Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2756-2767. The Minangkabau tribe is well known for its culture and cuisine, but documents on their knowledge and wisdom in the utilization of food plants are still limited. This study aims to inventory plant species used for food by Minangkabau community, assess their importance and economic value, and analyze the important landscapes where the food plants are obtained. This study was conducted in six villages representing different level of modernization in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra which is one of the centers of origin of Minangkabau ancestral. Data were collected through open, semi-structured and structured interviews with key informants and respondents. The Pebble Distribution Method (PDM) is used for scoring activities. Data were analyzed to show the use values (UVs), local user's value index (LUVI), index of cultural significance (ICS), and economic value of the food plants. The interviewed informants mentioned 154 plant species from 51 families were used for food. Cocos nucifera L. has the most various uses as food (highest UVs) and is the most important cultivated plant for the Minangkabau culture (ICS) in all the six villages. The most important food plant species based on a community perspective (highest LUVI) is Oryza sativa L. The wild plants having the highest LUVI and ICS differed among the villages. Plants with high economic value include O. sativa, Durio zibethinus Murray and Citrus aurantium L. The landscapes considered important are paddy fields and fields because they provide staple food. Information from this study can support food diversification to achieve food security based on the local knowledge on the diversity of food plant species and potential landraces in Minangkabau community.

Minangkabau’s Doro Tradition: Coexistence of Customary Law and Islamic Law in Caning Punishment

The present study intends to investigate the coexistence of customary law and Islamic law in doro tradition of Minangkabau Tribe. It poses three research questions as follows: (1) How is the philosophy of “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah” manifested in the doro tradition?; (2) In which ways do the customary law and Islamic law coexist in the doro tradition?; (3) How are the implications of doro tradition in the prevention of adultery vis-à-vis the principles of justice and human rights? The research used a qualitative design and gathered the data through observation and in-depth interviews. The findings show that the doro tradition refers to, and thus, accentuates the Minangkabau philosophy of “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah, Syarak Mangato Adat Mamakai”. The coexistence of customary law and Islamic law in the tradition occurs is emphasized in the implementation of caning and cumulative fines. The doro tradition is regarded as very effective as a punishment for adultery cases, as it also does not conflict with the principles of justice and human rights.

Internalization of Living Qur'an Values for Millennial Generation in the Traditions of Birth, Marriage and Death in the Minangkabau Tribe

This study aims to explore the values ​​of the Living Qur'an in the Millennial Generation based on Minangkabau ethnic background. This study used a case study design with 33 informants consisting of several universities with Minangkabau ethnic backgrounds even though the agencies they are sheltered from are from outside West Sumatra. Data collection techniques included limited observation, documentation of traditional activities in the surrounding environment and distribution of questionnaires with 20 questions via Google form, while data analysis used the Milles and Hubberman techniques. This research shows that the values ​​of the Living Qur'an in the Millennial Generation are applied to traditions developed in certain areas, such as traditions of birth, marriage and death. Basically, this research identifies that the internalization of the values ​​of the living Qur'an is still used even in the millennial generation environment. The research findings corroborate the values ​​of the Living Qur'an strengthen the activities of the millennial generation which are based on the sources of Al-Qur'an law. This research is still limited to samples and objects of study in the traditions of birth, marriage and death. On that basis, the researcher recommends identifying a variety of themes and a wider sample.

Internalizing Islamic Education Values based on National Heroes in the Millennial Generation in the Minangkabau Tribe

Character education is the main domain in balancing the cognitive abilities of learners. As the process of internalizing the values ​​of Islamic education can be adopted through the example of the heroes. This is due to the lack of critical studies related to the development of exemplary-based Islamic educational values ​​from heroes, especially for the millennial generation. On that basis, this study aims to investigate the internalization of Islamic education values ​​based on the example of national heroes in the millennial generation. This study adopted a qualitative approach with a phenomenological study method in the millennial generation in the Minangkabau tribe. The sample used was 33 students from various universities with Minangkabau ethnic backgrounds. Analysis of the data used based on triangulation techniques with three ways of collecting data including limited interviews, observation and documentation. The results show that the values ​​of Islamic education in the millennial generation can be internalized through the adoption of exemplary figures, the distribution of the roles of heroes and the internalization of exemplary to oneself and the environment. The research findings identify the examples of the heroes can encourage the internalization of the values ​​of Islamic education in the millennial generation in Minangkabau tribe.

Local food diversity in Minangkabau

The Minangkabau tribe in West Sumatra is rich in local foods developed from the raw materials derived from various flora and fauna found in Minangkabau. The existence of Rumah Makan Minang, which can also be called Rumah Makan Padang spread throughout Indonesia and even abroad is the reflection of the wealth of various local Minangkabau foods. The diversity of local Minangkabau food can be seen in the variations of food and culinary in Minangkabau society and even in Rumah Makan Padang. In this regard, this study attempts to investigate and map how local Minangkabau food diversity is created. The data for this study are collected in West Sumatra. Interviews and discussions are done in the field to identify the model of food diversity. The result of the study shows that the wealth of natural resources in Minangkabau greatly contributes to the development of local Minangkabau foods. Two models of food diversity are developed. The first model is the food diversity derived from certain parts of the main ingredient only. The second one is the food diversity derived from many parts of the main ingredient. The result of the study also indicates that local food diversity is related to the appetite of both the cook or producers and consumers. Cultural contact and technology are two main aspects triggering the food diversity in Minangkabau.

The New Construction of Inheritance in Minangkabau People: Competition and Strategy to Produce Successful Entrepreneurs in Indonesia

The Minangkabau people are one of the dynamic groups of traders in Indonesia. This study follows a Field Study approach, and it aims to reveal the influence of inheritance when it is used as business capital. The study starts by discussing theoretical debates about inheritance in Islam. Then, it is followed by new construction of inheritance within the Minangkabau tribe. The findings of this study indicate that the management of inheritance into business capital in Minangkabau is a new idea that was never carried out in the past. Furthermore, the productive pattern of inheritance is positively correlated with the economic welfare of a family. Finally, the development of businesses built from inheritance can automatically encourage new Muslim entrepreneurs to compete with other entrepreneurs in Indonesia.

Pembagian Warisan Tanah Hukum Adat Minangkabau dalam Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam

The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia itself has three inheritance legal systems in its implementation, namely based on local customary law or customs, religious law or beliefs adopted such as Islamic inheritance law, and there are also laws that are made and arranged in such a way by legislators such as inheritance law. Civil Code. In Indonesia, the three types of legal systems live in society according to the beliefs and religions of each community. This writing will examine specifically the comparison of inheritance that applies in Indonesia, namely "Customary Inheritance Law" with "Islamic Inheritance Law". Inheritance will take place if the testator dies and the heir to the inheritance. In the Minangkabau tribe itself in terms of inheritance from the past until now adhered to the matrilineal system or based on the maternal line, in other words, in the inheritance system, the degree of women was higher than that of men. The problem that will be raised in this study is how the distribution of inheritance in the Minangkabau tribe and comparing the inheritance system based on "customary law" with "Islamic law" and what obstacles are caused in the distribution of inheritance in the Minangkabau tribe. With this comparison, it is hoped that it can be seen and differentiated between pure inheritance law and customary inheritance law and which are included in the receptie theory. This study uses a field research method, with a comparative approach that is descriptive in nature. The data used are primary data and secondary data and draw conclusions based on descriptive-analytic-qualitative. The research conducted includes qualitative causality research. The purpose of this study is the results of this study indicate that there are differences and similarities between Minangkabau customary inheritance and the compilation of Islamic law itself.

Investigation of ambek-ambek nagari koto gadang koto anau dance art to improve cultural tourism attraction

Minangkabau Tribe in West Sumatra hasone cultural problem, namely the traditional art of Ambek-Ambek Dance. This study aims to find out whether the art of Ambek-Ambek Nagari Koto Gadang - Koto Anau Dance can be used as a cultural tourism attraction in Solok Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative using the theory of tourist attraction. Data collection is carried out by observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of this study show that Ambek-Ambek Dance meets the criteria of good tourist attraction; 1) uniqueness, ambek-ambek dance has a distinctive uniqueness and is different from other dances, namely in terms of dance history, naming, movement philosophy, herding music, costumes, and special rules in the presentation of dance. 2) originality, pure ambek-ambek dance comes from the traditional traditions and daily life of young mudi Koto Anau in ancient times in finding a partner. 3) Authenticity, Ambek-Ambek dance has a distinctive beauty naturally, exotic, and unpretentious. 4) diversity, ambek-ambek dance has a diversity of Minangkabau customs and culture which can be seen in terms of variations in movement shapes, floor patterns, herding music, and dance costumes.