Chances of Presbycusis in Minangkabau Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Without Complications in Padang City

Abstract

Background: Presbycusis is a loss of hearing ability that occurs slowly with age. One of the risk factors that plays a role in the occurrence of presbycusis is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is an extrinsic factor that affects cochlear blood flow and reduces nutrient transport through deoxygenation, resulting in secondary degeneration of the organ of corti and the auditory nerve. Aim: To assess the increase in the chance of presbycusis in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications in the Minangkabau tribe in Padang City. Method: This research is unpaired categorical analytical research with a case control design using primary data. Samples were selected using consecutive sampling technique. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test. Results: Presbycusis was most commonly found in the young elderly group, 16 people (84.2%), the gender of the presbycusis elderly was mostly female, 12 people (63.2%), the longest time diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, the most presbycusis elderly was ≥5 years, 13 people (68.4%), the Minangkabau tribe with the most presbycusis elderly is Jambak 5 people (26.3%). The highest audiometric description of elderly people was mild, 16 people (45.7%). The majority of elderly people experienced mild presbycusis, 10 people (30.3%). There is a significant increase in the chance of presbycusis in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications with p=0.015 and an OR calculation of 3.431. Conclusion: There was an increased chance of presbycusis in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications.