Mill Sector Research Articles

Memory, Identity and Deindustrialization: Reflections from Bygone Mill‐scapes of Bangalore, India

ABSTRACTThis study takes a closer look at the deindustrialization of the South Indian city of Bangalore with respect to its former cotton mill sector, nearly two decades after the closure of the first three composite cotton mills in the city. The study views deindustrialization from sectoral, city‐ and community‐centric perspectives. As well as identifying Bangalore as a significant site within the ‘bygone mills’ discourse in India, the article contributes to the less‐researched theme of deindustrialization in the global South. It provides a detailed look into the city's mill‐scapes, from their rise in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to their demise in the early 21st century, through a mix of archival evidence, spatial analysis and an interrogation of the collective memory of millworkers and their families.

Value Chain Analysis of Milled Rice Produce in Husking Rice Mill

This study was aimed to identify the present status of rice milling, map and analyze milled rice along with associated constraints and recommend priority areas of interventions using primary and secondary sources data during the period of 2012-14. In a quantitative survey, stratified random sampling was used to identify respondents, while qualitative investigations involved focus groups and key informant interviews. In the country, there are about 15,500 husking mills, 650 semi-automatic mills, and 300 automatic rice mills. Husking mills still dominate the rice milling sector and it covers about 70% of total milled rice production. However, recent trends show that the husking rice mills fail to compete with modern automatic and semi-automatic rice mills in terms of quality finished products and market demand, in turn shifting to semi-automatic and automatic rice mills is going on. The milling capacity and capacity utilization of husking mills was found to be 0.8-1.0 th-1 and 34%, respectively. Milling cost, profit per ton of fine parboiled rice and BCR for husking were found to be Tk. 2601, Tk. 3637 and 1.4, respectively. The profit margin for parboiled fine rice processed in a husking mill was found to be 37.04%. Employment opportunities in terms of labor and staff requirement for husking mills were found to be 14.17 man hours per metric ton of paddy and 6.95 man hours per tonne of paddy, respectively. Husking rice mills produce more broken, less head rice recovery and quality is less than automatic rice mills. Beside these, in husking mill bran and husk are mixed together that’s not suitable for edible oil extraction and briquette production. In terms of quality of rice e.g. less broken rice, absence of stones and black kernels, brightness, color etc., the rice mills having modern equipment produce higher quality rice, with higher market demand and higher profit making ability compared to rice mills having traditional equipment. Bangladesh Rice J. 26 (2): 19-39, 2022

The Photocatalytic Activity of Green Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in The Treatment of Aerobically Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Traditional treatment of aerobically palm oil mill effluent (A-POME) is incapable of removing the colour and organic load that does not exceed the discharge standard limit to the stream channel. Green synthesis nanoparticles (NPs) provide a significant potential for substantial performance in the photocatalytic degradation of high-strength wastewater. Therefore, the current project's goal is to investigate the photocatalytic degradation performance of A-POME in the addition of green Zinc Oxide Cymbopogon Citratus (ZnO–CC) NPs in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, and colour removal. The outcomes showed that pH 8 and a ZnO-CC NPs loading of 0.3g/L was ideal for the photocatalytic degradation of A-POME with a significant percentage reduction of turbidity (68.03%), colour (48.11%), and COD (75.4%). The equilibrium data revealed a better fit Langmuir-Hinshelwood models with higher R2 and K values of 0.9906 and 0.0225, respectively. Increased ZnO–CC NPs loading in alkaline medium aided in the breakdown of A-POME pollutants by increasing the surface area accessible for UV light adsorption during the photocatalytic process. Thus, the finding from this study can assist the palm oil mill sector in improving A-POME treatment to provide high-quality treated effluent.

Determinants of employment relations in rice mill sector in India: with special reference to Burdwan region in West Bengal

Determinants of employment relations in rice mill sector in India: with special reference to Burdwan region in West Bengal

Ensuring the Market Competitiveness of Companies Using Quality Strategies

Products obtained from cereal processing have always been considered essential components of a balanced diet. These products provide
 about 45% of the total protein to the human body daily, 65% of total calories, and a significant intake of carbohydrates, vitamins, and mineral salts. The quality of milling and bakery products must ensure consumer satisfaction and safety. This can be achieved through a continuous improvement of the processes, products/services, but also of the quality management system of the players in this market. This paper presents the results of the implementation of the strategy of continuous quality improvement in a Romanian company operating in the milling and bakery sector.

Analysis of Factors That Influence Consumers’ Acceptance Of Local Rice In South East Nigeria

This study examines the variables that influence consumers’ acceptance of local rice in South East Nigeria from the perspectives of trust in technology processing and marketing factors. The research will cross sectional survey and correlational evidence from household consumers of rice where data required for the study were generated with the instrument of questionnaire. A sample of 400 respondents was elicited from a finite population of household rice consumers’ resident in the five (5) South East Nigeria using a stratified random sampling and purposive non probability sampling techniques. Of this number, 366 copies were usable. The data were cross tabulated and analysed with descriptive statistics and the hypotheses were tested with Pearson product moment Correlation (PPMC) and multiple Regression. Findings indicate that trust in technology of processing and marketing factors influence consumers’ acceptance of local rice. However, marketing factors have more influence than trust in technology of processes. The study therefore recommends that given the increasing importance of technology, it would be interesting that a modern and automated milling sector be developed alongside the small, private milling sector. This will be able to carter for the production needs for increased quality rice production of which consumers are interested in. In addition, government should lay a concrete plan for local rice production and marketing, involving private sector investment in efficient rice processing using mini rice meals with built in capacity for the stoning, polishing and sorting homogenous high quality rice. Keywords: Consumer Acceptance; Local Rice, Marketing Factors, Technology of processing, Rice consumers, South East Nigeria DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/85-08 Publication date: June 28 th 2022

Adoption level of integrated crop management practices among rice farmers: Does the adoption of production technology predict postharvest technology adoption

SAMARICA is the second district of Occidental Mindoro province in the Philippines having a vast land area for rice production. It supports the rice milling sector of the province with promising facilities for postharvest of rice. This study investigates the rice farmers’ adoption level of integrated crop management practices (ICMPs). The adoption ICMPs aims to promotes farm productivity and efficiency. A total of 404 rice farmers participated in this study selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. Quantitative data were generated from the survey questionnaire and were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the relationship between production and postharvest practices. The results revealed that rice farmers have “very high” adoption of rice production technologies except for water technologies and intermittent irrigation with “high” adoption level. In terms of postharvest, there is “very high” adoption of mechanized harvesting and recommended moisture content for rice but “moderate” adoption for rice parboiler, dying machines, and threshing of rice right after harvest. On the other hand, a statistically significant evidence was found for production technologies as predictor of postharvest technologies, specific for the care and management of rice (β =0.55; P<0.01).

Factors Influencing Competition in the Maize Milling Sector in South Africa

Although the maize milling industry in South Africa is highly attractive and profitable, new entrants are unsuccessful. Thus, understanding the factors influencing competition is important for developing strategies which can help new entrants to be more resilient and also succeed. A case study of a very successful organization in the industry was conducted using Porters five forces model, to explore the factors influencing competition in the industry. The selected organization employs a differentiation strategy which enables it to constantly improve and introduce new maize meal varieties to serve a wide range of customers. The findings revealed that the selected organization employs resources, capabilities and knowledge in its business processes to sustain its competitive advantage. Thus, it is recommended that firms entering this industry should harmonize internal resources, knowledge, capabilities and external forces to generate a competitive advantage.
 
 Received: 18 November 2021 / Accepted: 30 December 2021 / Published: 5 January 2022

Impact of Power Loom Industry During Covid- 19 Pandemic Period Major District in Tamilnadu

The Indian textile industry is as diverse a complex as country itself and it combines with equal equanimity this immense diversity into a cohesive whole. The world is battling with modern horrors like the COVID-19, which has left the entire world befuddled and in the lurch as to how one virus has brought the entire world to a standstill. This devastating virus which is declared by the WHO as the pandemic has taken over almost 195 countries in its grip. The entire world is facing Covid-19 Pandemic, which has not left any part of the world to face it. One side lives are been lost as a result of Pandemic, on the other side largest problem that the world is facing big downfall in the economy too. The objectives of the paper to find out the economic crisis have attacked various businesses in and around the world during the pandemic period . In all sorts of Travel, Hospitality, Hotels, Restaurants, Bar, Package food, retail, e- commerce, Automobile etc. One of the severely affected industries is Textile manufacturing too which is the second largest employment creating industry after agriculture. The textile and clothing Industry employs over 105 million people and also earn around US $ 40 billion FOREX, apart from substantial revenue under GST and other taxes. But this industry is shut down since due to lockdown and all the stakeholders of the industry are suffering severely. In Tamilnadu Textile Industry has three main segments mill sector, handloom sector and decentralized power loom sector. This paper analyses the impact of Power Loom Industry during the Covid- 19 Pandamic Period in Tamilnadu.

Examining the Relationship Between Supply Chain Management Practices and Production Performance in Indian Handloom Industry

Clothing is one of the basic needs of human beings and first produced by using handlooms. Cloth can be produced by three ways: using handloom, power loom, and mills. Mill sector falls under organized sector, where as the handloom and power looms fall under unorganized sector. The supply chain in this unorganized sector is different and not given any importance. The main aim of the study is to examine the relationship between supply chain management practices and production performance in Indian handloom industry. Data is collected from the master weavers of Undivided State of Andhra Pradesh and analysed using structural equation modeling. The study found that there is a relationship between the supply chain management practices and production performance.

MARKETING COMMUNICATION FOR PROMOTION OF HANDLOOM PRODUCTS PRODUCED BY HANDLOOM CLUSTERS OF TRIPURA

The handloom sector of India is the second-largest economic activity after agriculture providing direct and indirect employment to 43 lakh weavers and allied workers according to the Handloom Census 2009-10. Indian handlooms are well known for its artistry, design, the motif has been facing competition from power loom and mill sector. Marketing has been identified as the crux of the problem. The Government of Tripura has set up handloom clusters for the production of innovative and niche fabrics through weavers. An awareness regarding the unmatched handloom weaving and its richness, superior artistry and intricate design of handloom products to the consumers would help the sector grow and prosper. This paper tries to explore how Marketing Communication could play an important in the promotion of handloom products produced in handloom clusters of Tripura.

Justification of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) in Indian Sugar mill industry for attaining core excellence

The role of this study is to expand an understanding of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) proposals towards developing central capabilities in Indian sugar mill industries. The authors have decisively examined the implications of OEE implementation in the sugar mill sector. The study discloses that management and leadership, with their honest involvement towards execution of Japanese’s maintenance practices, can appreciably add to accumulate the core competencies and sustainability. The study highlights that OEE initiatives outscore traditional maintenance practices towards improving process performance (PP). Attentive OEE implementation over a reasonable time period can extensively increase the consciousness of central capabilities in PP. The study has been carried out to establish the assistance of OEE proposals for achieving core competencies in process industries. Though, sector-wise execution of the plan for all process industries can also be achieved to evaluate the contributions of OEE in the industrial sectors. The plan of the study is to spot the impact of key OEE proposals and dimensions on managerial performance. The paper emphasizes the need to bring disciplined organizational changes in launching maintenance improvement activities for approving the enhancements in the performance of the industry. In today’s highly dynamic and rapidly changing environment, the global competition among organizations has guided the maintenance activities to précised demands in the manufacturing organization.

Supply Chain Management in Garment Manufacturing Units

The textile and garment industry in India is a major contribution to the country's GDP. The Indian textile and garment industry has widespread recognition and acclaim, both at home and abroad. It is widely regarded as one of the most significant works of its kind. There is a great deal of variation in structure, operation, and performance between the various enterprises that make up India's textile and clothing sector. “Large, highly organised, capital-intensive corporations that control the bulk of the market's brand value coexist in this sector with smaller, non-integrated spinning, weaving, finishing, and clothing and accessories firms or handicrafts dominated by handlooms as well as power looms. Around 14% of industrial production, 4% of GDP, & 17% of export income today come from India's textile sector.” It employs more over 35 million people, making it the country's second largest industry after agriculture. In 2010-2011, the total square feet of textiles produced was 59556 million, of which the mill sector was responsible for 2205 million.

Innovation in Companies operating in the Foodstuffs Sector of Colombia. An analysis from the perspective of open innovation

his study explores the characteristics of open innovation within the foodstuffs industry in Colombia, contrasting the importance recognized by its actors of this way of generating innovations with the spontaneous and incipient nature of the process, in a sector of vital importance for the economy and a valuable growth potential in line with the new dynamics and trends of the globalized world with highly demanding consumers in terms of health, well-being and improvement of quality of life and in a highly competitive environment (Traill and Meulenberg, 2002; Costa and Jongen, 2006; Trienekens and Zuurbier, 2008; Schiefer and Deiters, 2016). As a paradigm, open innovation is determined by the complex interaction of actors whose synergy projects the innovation system onto a given region. This context makes it essential to identify the main actors involved in the process and their form of interaction. By developing the proposed qualitative analysis exercise, the characteristics of the actors and their relationships in four production lines of the foodstuffs sector in Colombia (the meat sector, the dairy sector, the milling sector and the confectionery sector) are investigated. These sub-sectors were selected according to their degree of participation in domestic production. Through in-depth interviews, some companies in the Colombian food sector fall under the initial stage of open innovation. Additionally, the results suggest that companies acknowledge the importance of developing strategies with external actors, oriented according to public policy guidelines on innovation in Colombia.

Cost efficiency among rice millers in Southwest Nigeria

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the efficiency of rice millers and determine factors influencing cost efficiency in Southwest Nigeria using the cost route approach. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyses cost efficiency of rice millers using primary data collected from 62 respondents through a structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed for this purpose. The profile of rice millers and mills were derived using the descriptive analysis. Cost efficiency of the millers was obtained using the quadratic cost function analysis, and Tobit regression was used to determine factors that influence cost efficiency. Findings The results showed that cost efficiency indexes range from 1 to 57 percent averaging at 20.2 percent. Large rice mills were found to be most efficient with the mean cost efficiency of 25 percent. Paddy, transport and energy costs contributed positively and significantly (p=0.05 and p=0.01) to cost efficiency. Milling capacity and machine age increase cost efficiency while the distance to purchase paddy and quantity of diesel used reduces cost efficiency. Social implications The paper shows that there is enough potential for rice millers to improve their cost efficiency based on the available technology. This has a direct implication on the economy through the increased domestic production and processing of rice to meet the increasing demand for locally produced rice. Originality/value The paper attempts to bridge the gap in the literature of cost efficiency among rice millers in Nigeria, and specifically in the application of the normalized quadratic cost function in estimating cost efficiency in the rice milling sector in Nigeria.

A sustainability performance assessment framework for palm oil mills

The palm oil industry has had to undergo rapid development in order to cope with the increasing demand from consumers year by year. The palm oil industry is receiving criticism from various parties on the issue of sustainability. This paper presents the development of a Palm Oil Mill Sustainability Index that enables millers to assess the sustainability performance of palm oil mills against benchmarks, and to differentiate between the performance of each mill. The assessment was performed via the adoption of a Proximity-to-Target approach that measures the current sustainability performance of the industry relative to policy targets. The industry's comparable performance was observed in terms of sustainability and indicators through a graphical method. The resulting Palm Oil Mill Sustainability Index scores were translated into a five-point rating system to describe the sustainability performance levels for different mills i.e. excellent, good, fair, poor, and very poor. Based on the Palm Oil Mill Sustainability Index scores and rating system, weak performance indicators were identified, for example, excessive use of water consumption due to inappropriate operation of hydrocyclones. By identifying the weak performance indicators, practical recommendations and measures for improvement can be proposed and the Palm Oil Mill Sustainability Index scores recalculated to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed sustainability performance strategy. Selected palm oil mills in Malaysia were used as a case study to demonstrate the applicability of the framework. The results provide empirical evidence to support a decision-support-system for enhancing palm oil mill sustainability performance, so as to achieve a balance between environmental, economic, and social aspects in the palm oil mill sector.

Anaerobic Treatment of Olive Mills Water: Potentials for Watershed Protection in Jordan

Jordan watersheds heavily suffer from the seasonal discharge of highly concentrated olive mill wastewater (OMW). Environmental concern and protection of the scarcely available water resources calls for adequate treatment of OMW prior to discharge. This paper describes an inventory that was made with the aim of developing pollution prevention strategies for the olive mill sector of the Jerash Governorate in Jordan. Emphasis was given to compiling regional research which shows that modern anaerobic technology may play an important role in treating the highly concentrated OMW. The paper also presents pre and post treatment options for achieving local discharge criteria. Based on literature review and current insights three innovative treatment strategies are presented for OMW in the Jerash region.

Olive Mills Waste: Pollution Threats for Watershed in Jordan

Jordan watersheds heavily suffer from the seasonal discharge of highly concentrated olive mill wastewater (OMW). Environmental concern and protection of the scarcely available water resources calls for adequate treatment of OMW prior to discharge. This paper describes an inventory that was made with the aim of developing pollution prevention strategies for the olive mill sector of the Jerash Governorate in Jordan. In the present work, an inventory was made of the Jerash Governorate olive mills with emphasis on the production methods and presenting the concomitant pollution loads coming from selected mills. Methods which can reduce water consumption based on cleaner production principles are presented.

Marketing Determinants Influencing Retail of Handloom Products in India

Handloom is an important age old cottage industry of India, which records its presence in every part of the country with its regional specialty. It has a glorious past for its artistic products, and employment generation to rural and semi-urban population. It has been exposed to the challenges posed by the globalisation, as it has to face free market where it has to compete with power loom and mill sector of the country and imported textile products as well. This study is an attempt to review the background of retailing in India and to investigate and explore various factors which play significant role in retailing of handloom products. By using multiple regression analysis this study suggests strategies for handloom retailers. Strengthening of the retailing of handloom will ensure the prosperity of handloom weavers.

Cost analysis of rice milling: a case study of 7 rice mills in Malaysia

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the long-run profitability of rice milling operation in Malaysia and see how sensitive it is to changes in paddy purchases, rice recovery ratio and paddy price. Design/methodology/approach Using a purposive sampling technique and semi-structured interviews, seven rice mills in Malaysia were selected to obtain data on operational details and business accounts. The paper provides a qualitative and descriptive account of the rice mill’s profitability by using cost curves, a simple linear regression and the Monte Carlo simulation. Findings The rice milling operation in Malaysia is profitable in the long run, provided that there is a market for by-products. Large private mills have lower average costs, helping them obtain higher profit margins. Public mills that receive a rice miller subsidy are more protected than small private mills that operate without the rice miller subsidy and under price controls. Changes in paddy purchases, paddy price and recovery ratio affect the profitability to varying degrees. Research limitations/implications Incomplete information provided by the interviewees. The analysis result is only a rough estimate. However, it may provide a useful insight into the Malaysian rice milling sector and its competitiveness. Originality/value There are few economic studies of the rice milling sector in Malaysia. However, it plays an important role along the rice supply chain. There is a need for better understanding of the industry in order to obtain economic sustainability and effective policies. This paper provides the gap by providing an insight into the long-run profitability of rice milling operation in Malaysia.