Military Transition Research Articles

군진의학으로서의 정신분석과 반공주의로의 이행: 유석진과 백상창을 중심으로

군진의학으로서의 정신분석과 반공주의로의 이행: 유석진과 백상창을 중심으로

X. (XVI.) Yüzyıla Ait Üç Sancak Kanunnâmesine Göre Kemah, Âmid ve Pojega Sancaklarının Sosyoekonomik Durumu

X. (XVI.) Yüzyıla Ait Üç Sancak Kanunnâmesine Göre Kemah, Âmid ve Pojega Sancaklarının Sosyoekonomik Durumu

African American Veterans Career Transition Using the Transition Goals, Plans, Success (GPS) Program as a Model for Success

Increased deployments to combat operation areas have resulted in veterans transitioning from the military in more significant numbers. Likewise, African American veterans are also leaving the military in higher numbers. Transition assistance training is necessary to prepare these veterans for higher education and civilian employment since these are the most likely destinations for the successful transition of this population of veterans. Transition Goals, Plans, Success Program (Transition GPS) prepares military personnel for the transition back to civilian life. Transition GPS focuses on helping military personnel to become career-ready through mandatory curriculum-based training in a classroom setting before departing the military for civilian life. This study aims to understand better the transition experiences of African American veterans, their participation in the Transition GPS program, and the challenges they face obtaining employment and higher education after military service. Moreover, higher education is vital for the self-improvement and economic stability of African American veterans. The participants for this study were six African American veterans who served in the United States Army, Navy, Air Force, and Army National Guard. Each participant served in their respective branch of the military for 20 years or more. Veterans in this study highlighted the challenges they faced during their transition from the military to civilian life and acknowledged the importance of higher education. The themes that emerged are representative of the participants’ life experiences, military transition experiences, and demonstrates higher education’s role in a successful transition. The participants expressed the importance of family during their transitions, but they need help to better understand civilian careers and employment before leaving the military. Furthermore, African American veterans need career counseling to help them understand their transition experiences and help to prepare an adequate resume that translates their military skills into a civilian job match.

“Soldiering By Consent” and Military–Civil Relations: Military Transition Into the Public Space of Policing

Growth in the armed forces undertaking public policing is occurring in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, and as such, a complex security landscape emerges, both practically and conceptually. The aim here is to pose questions of the manifest and latent issues in the assemblage of multiple actors in public policing. It asks the reader to consider the implications of military actors transitioning from defense duties ordinarily associated with military work, to policing activities in public spaces. Taking the London 2012 Olympic Games as our point of reference, this article argues that to understand military presence, their role must be considered in the broader context of military and policing functions, the “war on terror,” accountability, and future priorities for public policing. We must be careful not to assign the presence of the military into preexisting understandings of how megaevents should be secured—the military patrolling the streets of London represents more. Instead, as their presence comes to be legitimate in certain geopolitical contexts, critical questions must be asked especially as public and private arrangements are continually reworked in the domestic fight against terrorism.

Transición y reformas del sector de seguridad: el rol actual de las FF.MM. en la experiencia comparada desde Argentina y Chile

Para los fines propuestos en este artículo es esencial entender que si bien es cierto, el sector militar ha sido el eje de generación de violencia en muchas partes del mundo, este no ha sido el único, ni tampoco ha generado en todas las situaciones rupturas democráticas. Es más, el sector militar, por lo menos desde mediados de los años cuarenta se concibe con toda claridad como una columna vertebral del sostenimiento de la paz internacional (Aznar, 2011b).Para este artículo se acudirá al estudio de la justicia de transición o justicia para la transición (Ambos, 2008 b), para explicar en términos ya específicos qué significa transición militar y seguridad, cuál es su alcance y cómo debería enfocarse. Para ello, se hará bajo la comprensión general de una transición militar, la cual puede entenderse igualmente dentro de la concepción más amplia de transiciones del Estado (ONU, 2012), entre ellas transiciones del sector seguridad (también conocidas como reformas al sector seguridad, lo que de paso incluye el término defensa (SSR)), luego de etapas de ruptura democrática o crisis democrática (O’Donell, 1997).

The Simulation of the Whole-Body Vibration Experienced During Military Land Transit

The simulation of field-based exposures, such as the random whole-body vibration (WBV) experienced during periods of military land transit, in a laboratory setting, allows for greater control over potentially confounding factors. This paper describes a method used to simulate the WBV experienced during military land transit. Acceleration data were collected during military transit. These data were used as the command signal to control a 6 degree-of-freedom Stewart platform. The accelerations of the Stewart platform were then compared to the measured military transit accelerations to validate the approach. Our analysis identified moderate accuracy in the 0–3 Hz frequency range for both simulations. The sealed road simulation demonstrated 17, 25, and 8% error and the cross-country simulation, 4, 7, and 4% error in the x, y, and z-axes, respectively. Outside of this frequency range, the error was ≤ 2%. The accurate simulation of the mechanical WBV experienced during periods of motorised military land transit will allow future laboratory-based studies to explore the impact of these forces on Australian Defence Force personnel.

Improving the Labor Market Outcomes of US Veterans: The Long-Run Effect of the Transition Assistance Program

ABSTRACTThe success of military recruiting depends largely on the potential consequences of military services. This study examines how military service affects labor market outcomes of veterans. Specifically, I focus on how the Transition Assistance Program (TAP), a career assistance program, help military personnel transition to the civilian labor market. To identify the effects of TAP, I exploit variation in program accessibility generated by its initial rollout process. Using data from the Current Population Survey, I find that TAP improves the labor market outcomes of veterans, measured approximately ten years after separation. Specifically, it leads a significant increase in labor force participation. One possible mechanism is that TAP encourages the use of the GI Bill, a program that provides financial assistance to attend institutions of higher education.

Community, Context, and Coping: How Social Connections Influence Coping and Well-Being for Military Members and Their Spouses.

Military members and their spouses (n=223 families) were selected from an Active Duty Army installation and assessed with regard to their connections with the military community, their levels of coping with military culture demands, and their reports of individual (depression and life satisfaction) and family well-being. Guided by the contextual model of family stress and the social organization theory of action and change, results from a structural equationmodel indicated that military community connections, for both military members and their civilian spouses, were related to coping with the military culture and its demands, which in turn was related to both individual and family well-being. Unique actor and partner effects also emerged where both active duty military members' and their civilian spouses' perceptions of military community connections influenced the civilian spouses' satisfaction with military life, but only the active duty military members' community connections influenced their military-specific coping. Additionally, the associations between military-specific coping and individual and family well-being only had actor effects. When examined within the context of important military culture elements, namely rank and extent of military transitions (deployment and relocation), these core findings linking communities to coping and well-being were unchanged. Implications for theory, future research, and practice are shared.

The Importance of Parents' Community Connections for Adolescent Well-being: An Examination of Military Families.

Drawing from the Social Organization Theory of Action and Change (SOAC), this analysis of 223 military families, including active duty (AD) military and civilian partners, examines how parents' sense of community and community engagement (two elements of community connections) are associated with their own resilient coping, and ultimately with important outcomes capturing their adolescent offspring's individual well-being (depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy) and family well-being (family functioning and parenting quality). The rolesof child gender and military context were also examined.Parents with stronger community connections, including greater sense of community and community engagement,reported more resilient coping when faced with adversity.The resilient coping of mothers, in turn, was particularly significant for more positive youth outcomes, when compared to that of fathers. While gender and military context were associated with individual and family well-being, analyses of model invariance indicated that the model fit similarly for male and female adolescents and those experiencing high and low levels ofmilitary transitions. Indirect effects were also examined. These findings illuminate malleable dimensions of both community life and family life, primarily showing thatcommunity contexts matter for multiple family members.

Concept of Military Identity in Modern Sociology

The article presents the main characteristics of the military identity, examines theoretical approaches to the study of the problem of military/post-military transition. Military identity is the result of the social identification of the actor with the army/military groups due to the internalization of values and norms adopted in the army/military field. The peculiarities of two military transition – transition from civilian life to the military field (after mobilization or voluntary membership in the armed forces) and transition from military to civilian field (after demobilization or dismissal for health reasons) are revealed. If the first transition involves the formation of a military identity, then the second transition is correlated with the phenomenon of postmilitary identity. If high levels of military identity can interfere with social reintegration during the second transition (transition from military to civilian life), then in the case of the first transition (transition from civil life to army life), they can contribute to the successful adaptation of the recruit for life in the army. The post-army period of social reintegration of veterans can be complicated by the contrast between the way of life of the military (with its culture of obedience, discipline, command spirit) and civilians (who value independence, personal autonomy and self-determination). As a result, there may be a conflict between the military and civil identities of the social actor, negatively affecting his/her social existence.

The Politics of Military Transition Programmes to Democracy in Nigeria, 1966-1999

The Politics of Military Transition Programmes to Democracy in Nigeria, 1966-1999

Advancing an understanding of selves in transition: I-positions as an analytical tool.

Self-identity work appears to be a challenge for many service members as they transition and reintegrate into civilian life. When other cultural influences seem to threaten an established self as it labors with transition, tension and conflict may arise and can potentially impact mental health. Insights from an ongoing longitudinal project on the subject matter indicate that an analysis of an individual, which utilizes the concept of I-positions may serve as a useful analytical tool during these processes. A longitudinal methodology combining a narrative approach with such an exploration of I-positions derived from a dialogical self framework may prove to be a promising avenue to advance the understanding of selves in transition beyond the dichotomy of the military and civilian spheres. The bridging capacity of I-positions lies partly in the capacity of significant others to link the self to both spheres and to help fill the perceived void between these two realms, which in reality may be overlapping and intertwined. The findings suggest, facilitated by two case study examples, that military transition to civilian life may benefit from a dialogical approach. This dialogical mind-set could even already be introduced and established during basic training. However, there is also a shared responsibility for individuals in civilian contexts to invite former service members into open dialogue just as the service members themselves shall strive to initiate earnest dialogue. Future research is encouraged to widen the methodology and knowledge of selves in transition.

Small and Medium Enterprises Development and Regional Trade in Afghanistan

This paper analyses the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Afghan economy; the challenges of developing SMEs in an infant market economy; how SMEs are coping with the military transition and declining aide. The paper also looks at the role of SMEs in Afghanistan’s trade with Central Asia and the hurdles impeding growth of that trade. The paper provides recommendations for strengthening SMEs and better - facilitating their role in trade.

Soldier Background and Postinvestigative Events Associated With Timing of Suicide Following Deployment of U.S. Army National Guard Soldiers

The present study examined the timing of suicide and its associated soldier background and postinvestigative events among deployed Army National Guard (ARNG) soldiers from calendar years 2007 through 2014. Suicide deaths were nearly equally distributed between soldiers who had been deployed and those who had not. Among those deployed, however, suicides occurred mostly 1 year or more after having returned from deployment. Soldier background and postsuicide investigative events were associated with the timing of suicide. Having more years of military service, more previous deployments, and being married were associated with in-theater suicides. Soldiers younger in age (17–24 years), single, nonprior service, and lower in rank, in addition to having parent-family conflicts, full-time employment problems, and military transition problems were associated with suicides that had occurred 1–120 days and 120–365 days since return from deployment. Soldiers aged (24–29 years), married, and higher in rank, along with more reported problems including past behavioral health conditions, postdeployment behavior health referrals, criminal behaviors, and military performance were associated with suicides that had occurred 1 year or more after return. Findings likely represent time periods of suicide vulnerability for identifiable groups of soldiers, based on soldier background and events surrounding the suicide. Practical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.

La buena prensa de los ejércitos borbónicos. Una mirada crítica

Although during the eighteenth century was transforming the Army for work of the Spanish rulers, today remains too much burden of praise for the achievements of those Bourbons, especially Carlos III, while still remains an interested forgotten about Austrias work of the seventeenth century. In line with the new historiographical currents are reviewing those two centuries, insisting what there was continuity rather than rupture with the arrival of the new dynasty, we believe that there was also a military transition as were many reforms put in launched by Felipe V that were based on projects proposed in the last decades of the seventeenth century. Moreover, the effectiveness of the new army will be tested in the many conflicts that he had to face Spain. The balance was much more positive for our interests in the first half of the century than in the last decades, in which the Spanish armies could not adapt to the new times.

Extremity War Injuries XI: Maintaining Force Readiness During an Era of Military Transition.

The symposium Extremity War Injuries XI focused on issues related to the transitions in medical care that are occurring as the focus of the war on terror changes. Titled "Maintaining Force Readiness During an Era of Military Transition," this year's symposium highlighted the results of Department of Defense-funded research in musculoskeletal injury, the evolution of combat casualty care, and the readiness of the fighting force. The issues highlighted related to the force readiness of both troops and their medical support as well as the maintenance of the combat care expertise that has been developed during the last decade of conflict. As always, participants in breakout sessions addressed the research gaps in the topics discussed.

Analisis Tipe Kepemimpinan dalam Film “The Last Samurai”

This paper displays an analysis of several literature reviews. It aims to understand the types of leadership depicted in the characters of the “Last Samurai” movie. The dilemma of cultural, political, economic and military transition for Japan in approaching the modern era is an exciting scenario depicted in the “The Last Samurai” movie. Having leaders compete against each other in achieving their intended goals, made it easy for the audience to analyze their type of leadership. The types of leadership from old to modern Japan t hat competes with Western countries is shown in this movie, particularly regarding its’ effectiveness and relevance. The visionary leadership is represented by Omura, an advisor who influenced the Emperor in realizing the comparative and competitive value of the Japanese people, allowing them to compete with various innovations and develop along with the challenges of the era. The Wisdom and Charismatic leadership type was present in Katsumoto, the Samurai leader and Emperor's teacher who wanted to maint ain the noble values of Japanese culture. Katsumoto's exemplary leadership is reflected in his extraordinary devotion, heroism, character, and his firm adherence to the command given to him as a samurai. Such traits inspire awe, respect, and devotion from a group of samurai. An overview of the Visionary leadership type, Wisdom and Charismatic encountered in the figures of Omura and Katsumoto. Today's challenges require each member to be innovative, creative, competitive, competent, and brave enough to tak e risk. In achieving that vision, leaders with charismatic soul are needed

The warrior’s journey: Sociocontextual meaning-making in military transitions.

Meaning-making and social support have been shown to mediate between traumatic stress and the onset and course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous research has been relatively unsuccessful in identifying specific and recurring sociocontextual variables for populations vulnerable to trauma. This qualitative study examined how social support and the social environment are associated with meaningmaking among veterans. Semistructured interviews were completed with 12 U.S. combat veterans who served in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) or Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). The interviews collected information about the sociocontextual meaning ascribed to traumatic experiences as well as the sociocontextual development of the veterans’ postcombat identity. The theoretical narrative that emerged from the qualitative analysis yielded 2 broad constructs: “Becoming Battle Ready” and “Making the Journey Home.” These constructs illustrated the ways in which the social context either facilitated or inhibited how veterans made meaning of combat stressors and postcombat identity. There was no evidence for meaning-making processes that took place on a purely individual level. These findings support the use of interventions that incorporate the social context into traditional trauma treatments.

Continuity of Mental Health Care Across Military Transitions

Multiple deployments, a prominent characteristic of operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn, have been linked to increased risk for various mental health conditions. It is also well known that military transitions, such as a change of duty station or discharge, are an inevitable part of military life. While military transitions can be stressful for any service member or veteran, those with mental health conditions face additional challenges. Transition stress can exacerbate a mental health condition that in turn hinders ability to manage the transition, resulting in a cycle of stress. As a result, those receiving mental health care while transitioning often experience difficulty continuing treatment post-transition. This article describes a unique and innovative transition coaching program designed to address this emerging issue.

Suicides in the Military: The Post-Modern Combat Veteran and the Hemingway Effect

Suicides in the military have increased over the last ten years. Much effort has been focused on suicide prevention and treatment, as well as understanding the reasons for the sharp increase in military suicides. Despite this effort, the definitive causes of military suicides remain elusive. Further, highly effective suicide prevention and treatment approaches have not yet been developed. The purpose of this article is to present a short review of the current state of suicide prevention interventions within the context of the military. The root causes of suicidal behavior and the role of combat in the military are each discussed. Interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide and the military transition theory are introduced as guiding frameworks for understanding suicides and suicidal behavior amongst active military personnel and military veterans. The article concludes with a set of recommendations for moving forward in understanding and addressing suicides in the military.