Migration In Rural Areas Research Articles

Rural Development and Labour Supply Challenges in the UK: The Role of Non-UK Migrants

Green A. E., De Hoyos M., Jones P. and Owen D. Rural development and labour supply challenges in the UK: the role of non-UK migrants, Regional Studies. Characteristic features of the demographic structure of rural areas in the UK include net out-migration of young adults and an older than average age profile. These features pose a labour supply challenge for rural areas. However, many rural areas are experiencing in-migration (from other parts of the UK and overseas) and there has been considerable policy emphasis on capturing the skills of migrants to enhance local economic development. To date, the role of non-UK migrants in rural areas has received relatively little attention. This paper discusses the impact of recent growth in the numbers of international migrants on the economy and labour market of rural areas and considers the opportunities and risks for rural development posed by increasing reliance on non-UK migrants in the workforce. Green A. E., De Hoyos M., Jones P. et Owen D. Menaces pour le développement rural et l'offre de main d'oeuvre au Royaume-Uni: le rôle des migrants non britanniques, Regional Studies. Les traits caractéristiques de la structure démographique des zones rurales au Royaume-Uni incluent un exode net des jeunes adultes et un profil d'âge plus vieux que la moyenne. Ces traits constituent un défi en matière de main-d'œuvre pour les zones rurales. Toutefois, de nombreuses zones rurales connaissent une migration (d'autres régions du Royaume-Uni et de l'étranger) et les politiciens ont mis l'accent sur la capture des compétences des migrants pour améliorer le développement économique local. À ce jour, le rôle des migrants non britanniques dans les zones rurales a suscité relativement peu d'attention. Cet article analyse l'impact de l'augmentation récente du nombre de migrants internationaux sur l'économie et sur le marché du travail dans les zones rurales et considère les opportunités et les risques pour le développement rural du fait d'une plus grande dépendance sur les migrants non britanniques dans la main-d'œuvre. Migration Compétences Marché du travail Développement économique rural Green A. E., De Hoyos M., Jones P. und Owen D. Entwicklung ländlicher Gebiete und Arbeitskräfteknappheit in Großbritannien: die Rolle nichtbritischer Migranten, Regional Studies. Zu den charakteristischen Merkmalen der demografischen Struktur der ländlichen Gebiete Großbritanniens gehören eine Nettoabwanderung junger Erwachsener sowie ein von überdurchschnittlich hohem Alter gekennzeichnetes Altersprofil. Diese Merkmale führen in ländlichen Gebieten zu Problemen hinsichtlich des Angebots an Arbeitskräften. Gleichzeitig jedoch ist in zahlreichen ländlichen Gebieten eine Einwanderung (von anderen Gebieten Großbritanniens sowie aus dem Ausland) zu verzeichnen, und seitens der Politik gab es beträchtliche Bemühungen, durch die Anwerbung von qualifizierten Migranten die lokale Wirtschaftsentwicklung zu verbessern. Die Rolle nichtbritischer Migranten in ländlichen Gebieten wurde bisher nur relativ wenig beachtet. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir die Auswirkungen des jüngsten Anstiegs der Anzahl ausländischer Einwanderer auf die Wirtschaft und den Arbeitsmarkt in ländlichen Gebieten und erörtern die Chancen und Risiken, die sich durch die zunehmende Abhängigkeit von der Arbeitskraft nichtbritischer Migranten für die Entwicklung ländlicher Gebiete ergeben. Migration Qualifikation Arbeitsmarkt Wirtschaftsentwicklung in ländlichen Gebieten Green A. E., De Hoyos M., Jones P. y Owen D. Desarrollo rural y retos del suministro laboral en el Reino Unido: el papel de los emigrantes no británicos, Regional Studies. Algunos de los rasgos característicos de la estructura demográfica de zonas rurales en el Reino Unido son la emigración neta de jóvenes adultos y un perfil de edad más viejo que la media. En zonas rurales estos rasgos se traducen en problemas para la oferta de mano de obra. Sin embargo, muchas zonas rurales están experimentando una inmigración (de otras partes del Reino Unido y de ultramar) y se ha puesto especial énfasis político en captar las habilidades de los emigrantes para mejorar el desarrollo económico local. Hasta ahora, se ha prestado relativamente poca atención al papel de los emigrantes de origen no británico en zonas rurales. En este artículo estudiamos el efecto del reciente crecimiento del número de emigrantes internacionales en la economía y el mercado laboral de zonas rurales y analizamos las oportunidades y los riesgos para el desarrollo rural que representa una mayor dependencia de los emigrantes no británicos en la población activa. Migración Habilidades Mercado de trabajo Desarrollo económico rural

Landscape influence on recent rural migration in the U.S.

This study of recent rural (nonmetropolitan) migration in the U.S. finds that, consistent with research on landscape preferences, people have been most drawn to areas with a mix of forest and open land, water area, topographical variation, and relatively little cropland. A simultaneous equation model of 1990–2000 change in jobs and net migration indicates that landscape features influenced migration directly, not through effects on employment. An inordinate rise in housing values in the most highly scenic areas in 1990–2000 was associated with an exceptional slowing of migration to those areas in 2000–2005, an indication that housing supply constraints such as land use regulation may now be dampening the ties between landscape preferences and migration in rural areas. The study findings on current habitat selection are particularly interesting given the frequent conjecture that landscape preferences are adaptive, reflecting the most suitable habitats for early man.

HIV/AIDS–Related Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Rural Residents in China: Potential role of Rural–to–Urban Migration

The relationship between rural-to-urban migration and the spread of HIV is well described, although most studies focus on sexual risk behaviors among rural-to-urban migrants at the urban destination areas. Few studies have examined the sexual risk behaviors of migrants who have returned from urban areas to their rural homes ("return migrants") in comparison with those of local rural residents who have never migrated to cities ("nonmigrants"). This study examines the potential association between rural-to-urban migration and sexual risk behaviors by comparing sexual risk behaviors between 553 return migrants and 441 nonmigrants from same rural communities in China. Findings reveal that, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, return migrants in rural areas had higher levels of sexual risk, including unprotected sex, than nonmigrants. Among return migrants, sexual risk behaviors were associated with age, gender, marital status, and number of different jobs they had previously held in the cities. These findings underscore the importance for HIV/AIDS education and prevention efforts targeting the migrant population in urban destinations as well as the return-migrant population in rural areas.

Socio-Economic Factors Associated with Urban-Rural Migration in Nigeria: A Case Study of Oyo State, Nigeria

The study investigated socio-economic factors influencing movement of people from urban centres to rural areas in Nigeria with particular focus on Oyo State of Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to sample 160 migrants in rural areas for the study. Data were collected from the respondents using interview schedule. The principal results of the study reveal that most of the respondents left the urban centres for the rural areas because of their inability to secure jobs in the towns transfer to rural areas in their places of work retirement and high cost of living in the urban centres. Also the principal results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between lengths of stay of migrants in the rural areas and their ages (r = 0.442 p = 0.01). There are significant differences in the lengths of stay on migration by the single married widowed and divorced migrants since the calculated F-ratio (3.04) exceeds the tabulated F-ratio (2.74). It is recommended that government should encourage the drift of people to rural areas by making available such amenities that would encourage the stay of the migrants. This encouragement would enhance rapid rural development and bring the rural communities to the mainstream of national development. (authors)

Population Change and Migration in Rural Areas

Rural SociologyVolume 59, Issue 3 p. 571-579 Population Change and Migration in Rural Areas First published: September 1994 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1549-0831.1994.tb00548.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume59, Issue3September 1994Pages 571-579 RelatedInformation

A Study on Decision Making Structure of Migration in Rural Areas

A Study on Decision Making Structure of Migration in Rural Areas

Differentials in Repeat and Return Migration in Thailand, 1965-1970.

Patterns of repeat and return migration in Thailand were assessed using place of residence data from a 2% sample tape from the 1970 Census and place of residence and place of birth data from the 1965 census. By integrating the data from these 2 sources investigators were able to divide the population into 5 migration status categories and to calculate the % of the population in each category. For the total population 81.9% of the males and 84.6% of the females were categoried as non-migrants as their reported place of birth 1965 place of residence and 1970 place of residence were identical. 11.6% of the males and 10.2% of the females were classed as settled migrants. Their 1965 and 1970 place of residence was the same but their place of birth was different. 4.6% of the males and 3.6% of the females were classed as primary migrants. Their place of birth and 1965 place of residence were the same but differed from their 1970 place of residence. 0.5% of the males and 0.6% of the females were categorized as return migrants as their place of birth and 1970 place of residence were the same but differed from their 1965 place of residence. 1.3% of the males and 1.0% of the females were classed as repeat migrants as their place of birth 1965 residence and 1970 residence were all different. The vast majority of the population was non-migratory. Migration patterns were analyzed by urban and rural place of residence and by age sex and socioeconomic status. Almost 50% of the Bangkok population and more than 1/4 of the population of other urban areas were migrants. In the rural areas only about 12-14% of the population was composed of migrants. In the urban areas most of the primary had rural origins while the repeat and return migrants tended to have urban origins. The population of migrants in rural areas who were return and repeat migrants was higher than in urban areas. There were considerable age and occupational differences between migrant groups and non-migrants. Education and migration were positively related. Repeat migrant population in small urban centers had a disproportionally high humber of government workers and individuals with high education.