Middle Western States Research Articles

Development of Dairy Farming in Mississippi

C OMMERCIAL dairy farming and other land use practices instigated during the 1930's are continuing to play important roles in the agricultural economy of the Cotton Belt, despite the fact that wartime economy has once more restored King Cotton to his throne. This is significant, especially since it is doubtful whether or not this old monarch will continue to dominate the national consumer market after the war. To prepare to meet any such post-war decline in the cotton market, therefore, diversified agriculture should be encouraged, and a further development of dairy farming should be stressed. The spread of commercial dairy farming in areas south of the MasonDixon Line is of geographic interest, if only because this region has long been considered unfavorable for animal husbandry. The hot summers are harmful to many well-known breeds of beef and dairy cattle, and the heavy precipitation does not permit timothy hay to be cured satisfactorily. In addition, the region lacks large metropolitan centers which, in the north Atlantic and middle western states, serve as markets for fluid milk, cream, butter, cheese, and meat products. In spite of these handicaps, however, large herds of dairy cattle may now be seen in areas formerly dominated by cotton. This shift from plantation agriculture to commercial dairy farming is particularly widespread in Mississippi. Recent crop and livestock statistics for this state show marked decreases in cotton production. At the same time, they indicate significant increases in (1) the number of acres of hay and other forage crops, (2) the number of dairy cows and gallons of milk produced since 1929, (3) the percentage of dairy cows in the livestock total, (4) the number of farms on which cows are milked, and (5) the number of creameries, condensaries, and cheese plants throughout the state. Obviously, these changes are indicative of both the absolute and relative importance of dairying in the farm economy.

Recent progress in geodetic surveys of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey

During the past year, the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey has had in continuous operation two triangulation‐parties in the mountains of the far Western States, one triangulation‐party operating in the Middle Western States, and one triangulation‐party operating in the Eastern States. All of these parties are double units observing at night on signal‐lamps using first‐order direction theodolites. Those in the Middle West and East are using the portable steel triangulation‐tower.

A Community Record from a Rural County

Previous articleNext article No AccessA Community Record from a Rural CountyGrace A. BrowningGrace A. Browning Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Social Service Review Volume 14, Number 2Jun., 1940 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/632942 Views: 1Total views on this site PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Place of Grade Dairy Cattle and of Purebred Dairy Cattle in Dairy Farming of the Future

No branch of agriculture has greater security or larger opportunities for development than dairy farming. Just how it will rank with other branches of agriculture will depend on how intelligent dairy farmers act in the development of their herds, the treatment of their soils, growing crops to make suitable rations for their dairy cattle, and the quality of product placed on the market and how well it is merchandised. Professor Nevens in inviting me to appear on this program submitted a number of questions which I can only answer briefly, for many of them are of sufficient importance to require all the time allotted to me if I answer them fully. Future of the grade dairy cattle industry Effect of changing economic conditions, including possibility of lowered returns for butterfat, on dairy farming in the eastern and middle western states. No one is able to anticipate just what effect changing economic conditions will have on dairy farming in eastern and middle western states.

Public Library Service in the Middle West

Previous articleNext article No AccessPublic Library Service in the Middle WestG. Flint PurdyG. Flint Purdy Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Library Quarterly Volume 8, Number 3Jul., 1938 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/614275 Views: 1Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Charles A. Seavey Measurement and evaluation of U.S. federal depository collections, Government Publications Review 18, no.22 (Mar 1991): 147–155.https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9390(91)90055-3Virgil L.P. Blake JOINING CITY HALL, The Bottom Line 1, no.22 (Feb 1988): 22–26.https://doi.org/10.1108/eb025111

Swedish Celebration Exhibition

THE exhibition of some six thousand years of Swedish art, lent by the Swedish Government to America to commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the founding of New Sweden on the banks of the Delaware, is a unique enterprise for the Swedish museums. Operating in New York at Rockefeller Center from September 24th—October 6th, and then going to museums in the Eastern and Middle Western states, the exhibition includes objects which not only have never been shown outside of Sweden but which in many cases, lent by institutions and collectors often hundreds of miles apart, have never been shown together even to the Swedish public. The four hundred objects were chosen from the three fields of prehistoric and medieval archeology, native or peasant art, and from the more sophisticated collections of later Swedish painting. But always the selection was governed by the underlying purpose of revealing to the American visitor the homogeneity and unity of Swedish culture throughout its many centuries of development.

Agricultural Planning and Farm Management in the Dairy Regions of the Middle Western States

Agricultural Planning and Farm Management in the Dairy Regions of the Middle Western States

On New Properties of the Arithmetical Means of the Partial Sums of Fourier Series

Journal of Mathematics and PhysicsVolume 13, Issue 1-4 p. 1-17 Article On New Properties of the Arithmetical Means of the Partial Sums of Fourier Series† Leopold Fejér, Leopold FejérProfessor of mathematics at the University in Budapest, Hungary. Ed.Search for more papers by this author Leopold Fejér, Leopold FejérProfessor of mathematics at the University in Budapest, Hungary. Ed.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1934 https://doi.org/10.1002/sapm19341311Citations: 4 †Lecture delivered in May, 1933 at several universities in the Eastern and Middlewestern States.—For the preparation of the English text of this lecture I am indebted to Professor and Mrs. I. A. Barnett. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume13, Issue1-4April 1934Pages 1-17 RelatedInformation

An Anthology of Lizzie Labels

LEANED from a handful of classes in a single assignment-not too long after the discontinuing of Model T Fords but when the making of Lizzie labels was already a closed accountthe following collection may have the merit of being, if not complete, fairly definitive. It is the harvesting of a crop that will never be planted again. Furthermore, gathered in a large Middle-Western state university which draws students from many states and which is a barometer of taste for the region and the country at large, the collection is representative extensively as well as intensively. And as the Lizzie label belongs definitely to the Nineteen Twenties (being dated by the song, play, and movie titles and lines cited and by the use of the word flapper), the collection possesses an historic as well as a cultural interest.

Practices in Curricular Guidance

A pressing problem in many large high schools is that of aiding and directing pupils in their choice of subjects. The increasing extent and variation of the curricular offering, the heterogeneity of the present-day student body, and the growing concern over rates of failure and elimination are factors which lend urgency to the quest for a solution of the problem. It is the purpose of this paper to show how the problem is being met in large high schools. To make this survey of practices, the writers submitted a check list to the heads of the departments of mathematics in five hundred of the larger senior and four-year high schools in eastern, middle western, and Pacific coast states. Usable replies were received from 51 high schools enrolling from 500 to 999 pupils and from 8i schools enrolling i,ooo pupils or more. As the data reported in this article indicate, the inquiry called for information concerning general practices in curricular guidance and concerning special practices in guiding elections of mathematics in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades. The problem of guiding elections of mathematics may be considered as typifying the larger problem of curricular guidance because the courses in mathematics have generally been dropped from the core curriculum and given an elective status and because the need for guidance is attested to by the high rate of failure in mathematics. A recent summary' of subject failures in nineteen large high schools in the vicinity of Chicago shows that, in the percentage of pupils failing, mathematics exceeded all other subjects.

Ventilation Methods and Practices in Village Schools

To secure adequate data on the ventilation methods and procedures of the schools of smaller communities a portion of a study dealing with building standards of school buildings in smaller communities was de voted to ventilation methods and standards.1 The schools canvassed were in communities between 500 and 5000 population in the four states, Iowa, Minnesota, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, and the buildings were those which had been erected since 1913. In this way, it is believed that the findings are typical of the more modern school buildings constructed during the past fifteen years. The schools of these four states were selected for this study because of the variation in the type of state control of school ventilation standards and in the administration of these controls. The writer's intention was to secure data from the schools of two middle-western states where the state administrative controls are unlike, to compare with two eastern states whose procedures are likewise dissimilar. Of the four states con sidered in this study, Iowa, alone, has no state law or regulations of the state department of education bearing on ventilation requirements for school buildings. The three other states, either by statute or regulation having the force of law, insist upon the standard of mechanical ventila tion of virtually 30 cubic feet per pupil per minute. The Minnesota requirement is enforced by the state board of education, whereas both Ohio and Pennsylvania have statutory requirements which specify mechanical ventilation. In Ohio, the enforcement of the statute is dele gated to a non-educational body, the state industrial commission, while in Pennsylvania the state department of education is charged with enforcement. In each of these three states the smaller schools of four

The Domestic Relations Courts

IN our own generation there has grown up in this country a species of court variously known in some communities as domestic relations or family courts. To a large number of legal aid organizations and social workers, the vast importance of these courts has become increasingly apparent as its vital problems manifested themselves through repeated contact. Not many communities, even among the more populous states, can boast of such separate courts, and the others usually lump these cases together with the gross and sordid daily business of the police court. To give a brief outline of some of the courts thus established; to touch upon their salient features; to look somewhat ahead to their immediate betterment; to advocate the establishment of such courts in communities where they do not yet exist and to call upon legal aid organizations to assist in these endeavors, is the purpose of the following pages. The National Association of Legal Aid Organizations, through its Committee on Domestic Relations Courts, has endeavored to gather available data in relation to these courts and their machinery. In the present review we had to limit ourselves to a brief study of several such courts functioning in Eastern and MiddleWestern states. Before we go into a description of these courts, however, it would be well to make brief mention of the social evil which has brought these courts into being.

Higher Standards for Teachers in the State of Washington

Two recent events in the state of Washington are destined to have far-reaching significance in the development of the teaching profession in the Pacific Northwest: first, the enactment by the legislature, just adjourned, of an entirely new certification law and of a law providing a state-wide retirement fund; second, the new requirements made by the School of Education of the University of Washington for life-certificates issued through the university. The four northwest states, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana, have been gradually becoming aware of the fact that the qualifications for teaching in these states have been far too low. Throngs of teachers from the middle western states, where requirements are higher, who could not gain certificates in their own states have been drifting into the Northwest. Happily, the results, on the whole, have not been serious because thousands of well-qualified teachers, attracted by the exceptional climatic conditions and the desire to travel, make applications for positions. Oftentimes there are hundreds of applications for each vacant position. This has made it possible for boards of education to select the better qualified teachers.

Religion and Evolution

AT the present time it is especially interesting to compare the way in which, in different parts of the world, thoughtful men regard the relation between religion and science. We should expect to find a general uniformity in the different attitudes of representative thinkers in Great Britain and America. We are largely of the same stock. We speak substantially the same language, so that books in large numbers pass in both directions across the Atlantic. But it is a curious fact that the popular religious dislike of evolution, which even enters into politics in the Middle Western States, affects leaders of American thought. No theologian of eminence in England would now challenge a scientific conclusion, for which experts combine to demand our assent. Yet, in the book before us, the professor of biblical history and literature in a college at Hanover, N.H., makes a vigorous attack on “the religion of science,” and argues that man cannot be fitted into the scheme of biological evolution. No J fossil or organic half-man, says the professor in impres- I sive italics, has ever been discovered, and never will be. (Grammatically the final clause means the opposite fl of what the professor intends; but we will let that pass.) The Religion of Science. By Prof. William Hamilton Wood. Pp. xi + 176. (London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd., n.d.) 6s. net.

Botany with Agricultural Applications

ALTHOUGH another introductory botanical textbook might seem superfluous, yet this one, written especially for agricultural students, has certain features which justify its existence. The first part is concerned with the structure and physiology of seed plants, and a useful feature is the almost exclusive use.of plants which are of interest particularly to the farmer in the Middle Western States, where the work was written. The second part takes up all the plant groups, and again plants of economic interest are introduced in.many instances. The final chapters form an elementary introduction to the subjects of ecology, variation, heredity, and evolution in plants. Many new drawings are introduced, and although they vary much in quality, some of them will form a useful addition to plant illustrations.

Future Power Development in the Middle West

Abstract In this paper the author outlines a system in which it is proposed that the fairly efficient steam power plants in the 100-odd cities of over 25,000 population in the 14 middle-western states be interconnected, not by heavy high-voltage lines, but by lines running from each which will pick up the small-town and village load to the point where its next larger neighbor will take its share; hydroelectric plants are to be installed on the streams near the towns and villages, each with a small pondage; the steam stations are to carry the steady continuous load above the maximum stream flow, the hydroelectric plants automatically coming on to carry the peaks. On the off-peak period the hydroelectric plants will restore the pondage and carry local load. The quickness with which the latter can get on the line (12 to 30 seconds) will enable the steam stations always to work at maximum efficiency. The advantages of the system are pointed out in the paper, as well as the procedure necessary to bring about its development.

Recent Work in Economic Entomology

Vluable memoirs published by the Entomological Division of the United States Department of Agriculture are constantly reaching us. Of these, Bulletin 110, on “The Spring Grain-Aphis, or Green-bug,” by F. M. Webster and W. J. Phillips, is of more than passing interest. The species described—Toxoptera graminum, Rondani—has been noticed as seriously destructive to wheat and other cereals in North America—especially in the Middle Western States—during several seasons from 1890. In the eastern hemisphere it has been recorded only from a few localities—Italy, Hungary, Belgium, India, South and East Africa. The bulletin, extended to 150 pages, gives a full account of the insect, its embryology, postnatal development, habits, and natural enemies. An interesting bionomical observation is that south of the 35th parallel the species reproduces itself only by successive generations of virgin females, and even further to the north the sexual generation may be omitted from the life-cycle in mild winters.

The Women's Clubs in the Middle Western States

The Women's Clubs in the Middle Western States