Mechanical Microstructure Research Articles

A novel in-situ micro-mechanical testing of paper fracture and its stochastic network model

Understanding and simulating the evolution of fracture in cellulose-based paper materials is vital for many eco-sustainable applications of packaging solutions. In this work, we conduct an integrated experimental-statistical mechanics analysis to elucidate how the microstructural mechanisms govern the fracture behavior of paper. We employ in-situ tensile tests combined with confocal microscopy to observe and analyze key microstructural phenomena, such as fibers’ activation and recruitment, and progressive tensile failure of unnotched paper samples under uniaxal loading. The developed stochastic mechanics critical cross-section model to treat the cellulose fiber network is able to decouple the stochastic morphological parameters from the constitutive model of the fibers. Notably, it robustly predicts the anisotropic properties of paper materials in the machine direction (MD) and cross-machine direction (CD) as a direct consequence of the different statistical distribution of fibers’ orientation, for the same fiber constitutive model. The proposed approach is finally employed to get an insight into the role of the main morphological parameters, local/non-local fibers’ strain redistribution, and finite elasticity of fibers on the whole mechanical behavior of paper.

Identifying the in-situ origin of supercluster-induced ductile precipitates in Zr-based bulk metallic glasses

A sandwich architecture including double crystal substrates and a single glass-forming droplet has been successfully designed based on the simplified liquid-bridge methods in multicomponent alloys. The multiscale precipitates mainly consisting of β-phase dendrites with a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, cubic CuZr2 phase, and icosahedral quasicrystalline phase (I-phase) could be simultaneously identified in dissimilar regions of the glass-forming matrix during heat-induced dissolution or diffusion from crystal substrate to glass-forming droplet. The gradient distributions of crystal-like clusters not only accelerate diffusion velocity due to the collective atomic motion but also can simultaneously modulate the atomic-scale structure, mechanical response, and chemical composition via tracing a high-throughput strategy. The present work provides new insights to discover the formation mechanism of the representative microstructures strongly associated with the atomic-scale structure-property-composition relationships and is also helpful to shed light on the in-situ origin or structural mechanism of supercluster-induced multiscale precipitates in developing bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and in-situ formed BMG composites (BMGCs).

Comparative study on mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement of Fe–18Mn-0.6C twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel subjected to friction-stir welding (FSW) and tungsten inert-gas (TIG) welding

In present study, we investigated the effect of welding technique on resistance of hydrogen (H) embrittlement in Fe–18Mn-0.6C (wt.%) twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel by using an electrochemical H-charging, thermal desorption spectroscope, and electron microscope. The friction-stir welding (FSW) specimen was less sensitive to H embrittlement relative to base metal and tungsten inert-gas (TIG) welding specimens by differences in microstructure and deformation mechanism. During H-charging of the FSW specimen, numerous dislocations/Σ3 boundaries reduced H diffusion into specimen interior, causing shallowest depth of brittle fracture. In contrast, the depth of brittle fracture in the H-charged TIG specimen was much larger due to rapid H diffusion by decreased grain boundaries including Σ3 annealing twin boundaries. During tensile deformation, the H-charged FSW specimen underwent the reduction in stress concentration by inactive TWIP as well as strong resistance of boundary decohesion. It was because of alleviation of H-enhanced localized plasticity (HELP) mechanism, leading to suppression of H-induced crack growth. Conversely, the H-charged base metal and TIG specimens revealed large stress concentration by active TWIP and weak boundaries owing to strong effects of HELP + H-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) mechanisms, exhibiting rapid H-induced crack propagation.

Comparative Study of the Mechanical Properties and Fracture Mechanism of Ti-5111 Alloys with Three Typical Microstructures

In this work, Ti-5111 alloys with equiaxed, bimodal and lamellar microstructures were prepared by various heat treatment processes. The room-temperature tensile properties, deformation microstructure and fracture mechanism of the alloys with different microstructures were investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism by which the microstructure affects the mechanical properties of Ti-5111 alloys with three typical microstructures was confirmed. The Ti-5111 alloy with a bimodal microstructure has minimum grain size and a large number of αs/β phase boundaries, which are the primary reasons for its higher strength. Simultaneously, the excellent coordination in the deformation ability between the lamellar αs and β phases is what enables the alloy with a bimodal microstructure to have the most outstanding mechanical properties. Additionally, the presence of a grain boundary α phase and the parallel arrangement of a coarse αs phase are the main reasons for the inferior mechanical properties of the Ti-5111 alloy with a lamellar microstructure. The fracture mechanism of the alloy with an equiaxed microstructure is a mixed fracture mechanism including ductile fracture and destructive fracture. The fracture mechanisms of the Ti-5111 alloy with bimodal and lamellar microstructures are typical ductile fracture and cleavage fracture, respectively. These findings serve as a guide for the performance improvement and application of the Ti-5111 alloy.

Microstructure, mechanical properties and interaction mechanism of seawater sea-sand engineered cementitious composite (SS-ECC) with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bar

With increasing demand for sustainable and long-lasting materials, seawater sea-sand engineered cementitious composite (SS-ECC) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional concrete in near-ocean construction projects. Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar with excellent corrosion resistance is an ideal choice for these applications. This study evaluated the bond performance of GFRP bars embedded in normal-strength ECC with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and high-strength ECC with polyethylene (PE) fibers through pull-out tests. Additionally, tests were conducted on GFRP bars in pristine ECC made with freshwater and river sand for comparison. Further investigation explored the structural properties and uncovered load transfer mechanisms. Results indicated that saline content facilitated early cement hydration of normal-strength ECC, resulting in finer pore structure (10.5% lower porosity and 12.5% lower sorptivity), slightly enhanced compressive performance (1.2% higher compressive strength and 8.3% higher elastic modulus), denser microstructure at GFRP-ECC interface (13.7% lower porous transition zone thickness, 19.2% narrower transition zone and 19.7% higher Ca/Si ratio), and superior bond performance (28.3% higher bond strength and 22.6% higher fracture energy). Conversely, saline content imposed a limited impact on the mechanical properties of high-strength ECC, primarily attributed to the ultra-fine microstructure and early strength characteristics exhibited by the silica fume (SF)-based cementitious binder.

Improving the uniform elongation of ultrafine-grained pure titanium through judicious allocation of work hardening

Improving uniform elongation in metals typically involves enhancing the work hardening rate, as elevated work hardening can delay necking and fracture. However, our investigation into commercial pure titanium reveals a counterintuitive relationship between these properties. We find that high uniform elongation correlates with low work hardening capability, while a high work hardening rate results in reduced ductility. Two types of ultrafine-grained pure titanium, prepared by rotary swaging, subsequent rolling, and annealing, exhibit different mechanical properties. Microstructural and deformation mechanism analyses reveal that the difference arise from variations in texture. Specifically, extensive activation of <c+a> dislocations in the former sample leads to premature, intense work hardening that is quickly exhausted, while the latter sample shows a steady, uniform work hardening progression that delays necking. Our findings challenge the conventional understanding that high work hardening rates ensure high uniform elongation. Instead, we propose that optimizing ductility requires a strategic allocation of work hardening throughout the tensile deformation to delay necking. This study reveals the intrinsic relationship between work hardening and ductility, offering new strategies for designing stronger and tougher materials.

Preparation of Fe–As alloys by mechanical alloying and vacuum hot-pressed sintering: microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and mechanisms

Preparation of Fe–As alloys by mechanical alloying and vacuum hot-pressed sintering: microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and mechanisms

Enhanced strength–ductility synergy in Ti55531 titanium alloys through gradient microstructural design strategy

The strength-ductility trade-off dilemma still exists for titanium alloys, which is a challenging and pressing issue within the realm of microstructure design and property control. In the present work, a typical axial gradient microstructure was prepared in Ti55531 titanium alloy through a composite strengthening process involving rapid electropulsing treatment (EPT) combined with step-quench treatment (SQT). The results show that a significant improvement of 450 MPa (54 %) and 6.3 % (100 %) for the strength and ductility are obtained respectively for gradient microstructure by EPT + SQT (GMES) compared to that gradient microstructure prepared by EPT (GME) only. This indicates that the enhanced strength-ductility synergy observed in GMES is attributed to the characteristic Twinning induced Plasticity (TWIP) mechanism employed in this novel design of gradient microstructure. Furthermore, a detailed analysis and discussion are provided on the physical deformation mechanism and crack initiation behaviour of the gradient microstructure, providing valuable insights for the design of high-strength, high-ductility metals such as beta titanium alloys, advanced steels, and multi-phase alloys.

Effect of densification technology on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-entropy (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)C ceramic-based cermets

High-entropy ceramic-based cermets represent a new and promising direction in improving the mechanical properties of conventional hardmetals through the formation of complex microstructures during synthesis. This has been systematically studied in two Co-free, high-entropy (Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)C ceramic-based cermets using 10 wt% Ni and 10 wt% FeCrAl metallic binders during hot-press and spark plasma sintering. Fully densified microstructures were achieved in the temperature range of 1400–1500 °C, which is below the melting points of the pure Ni and FeCrAl alloy, owing to the liquid-phase assisted sintering. The optimal densification routes resulted in Vickers hardness (HV30) of 16.77 ± 0.72 and 18.32 ± 0.99 GPa, and fracture toughness (KIc_SENB) of 5.31 ± 0.41 and 4.83 ± 0.50 MPa m0.5, respectively for the Ni and FeCrAl bonded cermets. The improved damage tolerance of these cermets compared to the base (Ti,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)C high-entropy carbide is related to the reduced grain size and microstructural toughening mechanisms (e.g. crack deflection and bridging).

Damage mechanisms analyses in DP steels using SEM images, FEM, and nonlocal peridynamics methods

An investigation is performed to study the damage mechanisms of dual phase steels using experimental analysis, local finite element simulation, and nonlocal peridynamics (PDs) method. The uniaxial tensile tests and preparation of metallography and SEM images have been used to peruse the pattern of deformation and voids in different phases. Understanding of the relationship between real microstructure and damage mechanisms can often not be obtained from microstructural investigation using experiments only. Here, a novel numerical approach is presented to investigate damage mechanisms in multiphase materials at micro scale level using both local and nonlocal numerical analyses and microstructural images from a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nonlocal PDs method is capable to overcome many challenges associated with convergence problems in other numerical methods and to detail-oriented study of damage initiation and propagation autonomously. In this study, images of real microstructure are used as RVEs and imported to the FEM software and PD-developed code. Moreover, the effects of different constitutive models for the interface of ferrite and martensite phases on the bond breakage and damage patterns have been also investigated.

Experimental study and prediction of the long-term strength development of high-flowability concrete made of mixed sand and high-content fly ash

To comprehensively utilize the abundant solid wastes of superfine river sand and fly ash, a mixed sand of superfine river sand with coarse manufactured sand and high-flowability concrete made of mixed sand and high-content fly ash were developed. To address the critical question about the long-term strength of this new concrete, this paper presents an experimental study on the long-term development of cubic compressive and tensile strengths of the concrete over a curing age from 7 days to 360 days. In the study, the mixed sand was a hybrid of 40 % superfine river sand and 60 % coarse manufactured sand, and the fly ash content varied from 30 % to 75 % of the total binders by weight. The law of strength development of concrete with fly ash content was analyzed, combined with explanations of the mechanism and observations of hydration exotherms and microstructures of the concrete. Equations were proposed for predicting the long-term development of cubic compressive and tensile strengths, incorporating coefficients to reflect the effects of fly ash on the binder’s compressive strength and the development tendency of concrete strength. The validity of the proposed prediction equations was verified against the test results and compared with the extended application of the equation specified in CEB-FIP MC 2010.

Preparation of barium alumino-silicate based ceramsite from bauxite, coal gangue and barite: Physical properties, microstructure, and γ-ray shielding behavior

Improving the strength of radiation shielding concrete and the safety of corresponding structures is crucial. However, radiation shielding ultra-high performance concrete (RS-UHPC) often faces the issues of high volume shrinkage and easy cracking. Using barium alumino-silicate-based ceramic as aggregate in concrete is a promising solution for its internal curing effect and excellent radiopacity. In this study, a barium alumino-silicate-based ceramsite (BASC) was developed using bauxite, coal gangue, and barite. The effects of boric anhydride (2 %, 5 %, 8 %), barite powder dosages (20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %), and sintering temperature (1260°C, 1280°C, 1300°C, 1320°C) on the apparent density, compressive strength, and water absorption of the ceramsite were investigated. The microstructure and reaction mechanism of the BASC were analyzed using TG-DSC, XRD, SEM-EDS, and low-field NMR techniques. The results showed that the addition of barite increases the apparent density of ceramsite but decreases its strength. The ceramsite with 60 % barite calcined at 1320°C has a density of 3120 kg/m3, water adsorption of 11.19 %, and a cylinder compressive strength of 11.2 MPa. The prepared BASC ceramsite exhibits a highly connected pore structure and good water retention capacity at this temperature. The ceramsite has many closely packed celsian and corundum crystallites, which give it good mechanical strength. Finally, the gamma-ray attenuation and autogenous shrinkage of UHPC prepared with this ceramsite was tested. The linear attenuation coefficient of the BASC-UHPC is 0.176 cm−1, comparable to UHPC prepared with lead glass. The BASC replacement for quartz sand reduces the 28d autogenous shrinkage of UHPC by 55.0 %. The research results can guide the application of BAS-based ceramsite in radiation-shielding ultra-high performance concrete.

Microstructural causes and mechanisms of crack growth rate transition and fluctuation of additively manufactured titanium alloy

Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) enables rapid near-net-shape fabrications of large-size parts and in-situ remanufacturing in many industry sectors. A comprehensive understanding of the fatigue failure mechanism of WAAM titanium alloys is a prerequisite for their widespread use in critical structural components subject to fatigue load. Here, the fatigue crack growth behavior of WAAM TA15 material is investigated. Fatigue crack growth tests are performed using compact tension specimens sampled from different locations and with different crack orientations of the WAAM TA15 block. The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) data exhibit two governing rates separated by a transition stress intensity factor value, ΔKn, and the degrees of fluctuation of the FCGR data in the two regimes are notably different. A piecewise log-linear model is first proposed by incorporating the Heaviside step function and ΔKn into the classical Paris’ model, allowing for the transition ΔKn to be determined by the data. The potential causes of the transition ΔKn are phenomenologically inferred via fractography and surface roughness profiling results. The critical microstructure affecting the value of ΔKn is identified by relating the crack tip cyclic plastic zone size at ΔKn to the sizes of main microstructures. The cause of different degrees of fluctuations in the two regimes separated by ΔKn is inferred by examining the microstructures within the plastic zone. The microstructural mechanisms of the local FCGR reduction and fluctuation are further identified and explained.

Local strain heterogeneity and damage mechanisms in zirconia particle-reinforced TRIP steel MMCs: in situ tensile testing with digital image processing

In this work, the microstructural deformation and damage mechanisms of TRIP steel metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with Magnesia Partially Stabilized Zirconia (Mg-PSZ) particles are investigated by employing in situ tensile testing within a scanning electron microscope chamber, complemented by digital image correlation and advanced image processing techniques. The study is carried out on samples with varied volume fractions (0%, 10%, and 20%) of zirconia particles and damage mechanisms in different samples under specified loading conditions. Through both qualitative and quantitative assessments of deformation, damage, and clustering, the investigation provides a comprehensive understanding of the distribution and damage initiation. The study findings reveal that, generally, the steel matrix exhibits high toughness, with minimal occurrences of microcracking at high strains that cause significant damage. In samples with increasing particle content, delamination at the matrix–particle interface and cracking of Mg-PSZ particles were found to be critical contributors to material failure and were quantitatively analyzed using computational analyses conducted with MATLAB. The work highlights the initiation and evolution of each damage mechanism in zirconia particle-reinforced TRIP steel MMCs to facilitate scientists and engineers in improving manufacturing and application decisions in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and heavy machinery, which demand materials with exceptional toughness and durability.Graphical

Probing the microstructure and deformation mechanism of an FeCoCrNiAl0.5 high entropy alloy during nanoscratching: a combined atomistic and physical model study.

High entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit superior mechanical properties. However, the nanoscratching properties and deformation behaviour of FeCoCrNiAl0.5 HEAs remain unknown at the nanoscale. Here, we investigate the effect of scratching depth on the microstructural and tribological characteristics of an FeCoCrNiAl0.5 HEA using molecular dynamics simulations combined with a physical model. The scratching force increases significantly as the scratching depth increases. In the lower part of the scratching region, there is a clear atomic movement process, with the load generated in the normal direction causing the atoms to shift downwards. Noticeable shear bands are formed in the subsurface area, and they are both small and narrow compared with the pure Ni. The plastic deformation mechanism of the compressed surface is mainly governed by the formation and expansion of stacking faults during the subsurface evolution process. The evolution process of screw dislocations is similar to that of edge dislocations. In addition, the high strength and deformation resistance of FeCoCrNiAl0.5 HEAs are further evaluated by establishing a microstructure-based physical model. The combined effect of the lattice distortion strengthening and dislocation strengthening promotes the high strength of the FeCoCrNiAl0.5 HEA, which is significantly better than the single strengthening mechanism of pure metals. These results accelerate the understanding of the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of HEAs.

Microstructure, mechanical properties and multiphase synergistic strengthening mechanisms of LPBF fabricated AlZnMgZr alloy with high Zn content

In this work, a novel aluminum alloy with high Zn content was designed for laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) forming process. Aluminum alloy powder containing 14 wt% Zn and 2 wt% Zr was produced to conduct LPBF experiments with different process parameters. The analysis of the specimens revealed that the up facing surface exhibited an average microhardness peak value of 170.6 HV, achieving the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 573 MPa and the elongation of 11.6 %. There was no significant change in grain size and a large amount of plate-like η' (a metastable precipitate MgZn2 phase) phase precipitated within the grains after aging treatment (120°C, 21 h). The specimen reached the average microhardness peak of 181.7 HV and the UTS of 605 MPa. The principal strengthening mechanisms in the LPBF-formed samples were solid solution strengthening and grain refinement strengthening. After aging treatment, the precipitation of the second phase from solute atoms led to grain refinement strengthening and second-phase strengthening becoming the predominant factors to enhance the sample's strength. Al14ZnMgZr alloy have great application prospect in high strength and tough service environment.

The role of phase fraction on the deformation behavior and tensile properties of dual-phase polycrystalline Fe–Ni alloy: A molecular dynamics simulation study

An alloy containing two or more phases with significantly distinct properties may produce a unique combination of high strength and ductility. Fe–Ni alloys processed through the powder metallurgy route form dual-phase structures containing both body- and face-centered cubic phases. The detailed atomic scale microstructural evolution and deformation mechanism of such alloys have not been performed as dual-phase structure materials generate more complex deformation mechanisms than single-phase structure materials. The present study utilizes molecular dynamics simulation to compute the mechanical properties and investigate the deformation mechanism in a dual-phase Fe–Ni alloy with a variable phase fraction of body-centered cubic during a uniaxial tensile test. The results show that phase fraction affects the mechanical properties as well as the deformation behavior. Shear strain distribution and dislocation density provided an explanation for the change in the average flow stress and strengthening mechanism of the dual-phase Fe–Ni alloys. Additionally, the influence of temperature on deformation behavior is investigated. The deformation mechanism at higher temperatures is found to be dislocation slip and grain boundary sliding.

Microstructural evolution and mechanics behavior of postmortem meat subjected to resonance

The tenderness of meat is determined by muscle components, mainly including myofibrillar and connective tissues. In the present study, the microstructures evolution and mechanics behavior of yak postmortem muscle subjected to resonance vibration treatment was investigated by experimental and numerical investigation, in order to illustrate the resonance tenderization mechanism and the mechanical relationship of muscle components. The results show that there are three orders of natural frequencies of the raw yak meat, and the resonance frequency is determined as 26 Hz. By vibration treatment at this frequency, the shear force and MFI of the vibrated meat is 35.70 N and 62, respectively, exhibiting remarkable tenderizing effect compared with the raw sample and other frequencies treated samples. The microstructures and vibration modal simulation have revealed that the stress concentration happens in the junction of muscle fibers and extracellular matrix (collagenous connective tissues), leading to the detachment of endomysium connective tissues from muscle fibers and the disappearance of M-bands in myofibrils, thus resulting the significant tenderization. The resonance also causes the stress-strain behaviors of meat transiting from plastic deformation to elastic deformation. The experimental and numerical results reveal that the physical destruction of the cross-linkings or interactions between muscle fibers and endomysium connective tissues induced by resonance, plays a crucial role in the detachment of muscle components, transformation of stress-strain behavior and the significant tenderization effect.

Ultrasonic peening-waterjet composite surface modification of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy for residual stress release and transformation mechanism

The release and transformation mechanism of residual stress contributes to the improvement of metal materials' processing and performance, enhancing their structural stability, surface integrity, and fracture resistance. This paper focuses on the Ultrasonic Impact Treatment-Solid Particle Entrainment by Waterjet (UIT-SPEWJ) composite surface modification of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, investigating the effects of UIT-SPEWJ process parameters (jet pressure and target distance) on the alloy's surface quality, roughness, microhardness, residual stress, and the evolution mechanism of microstructure. The results indicate that the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy modified by UIT-SPEWJ mainly exhibits a "meteorite crater" effect, accompanied by significant smearing and ploughing phenomena. Surface roughness shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the rise of jet pressure and target distance. The minimum surface roughness, 0.852 μm, is achieved at a jet pressure of 25 MPa and a target distance of 7.5 mm. The microhardness of the samples modified by UIT-SPEWJ gradually decreases from the surface to the substrate with increasing depth. The hardened layer depths of the samples UIT-SPEWJ-1–6 after modification are approximately 174 μm, 226 μm, 200 μm, 196 μm, 176 μm, and 172 μm, respectively. After UIT, SPEWJ, and UIT-SPEWJ surface modifications, the surface of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy mainly exhibits compressive residual stress (CRS). The surface residual stress σ_srs of samples modified by UIT and SPEWJ are approximately 195.161 and 215.752 MPa, respectively. The surface residual stresses of UIT-SPEWJ-1–6 samples are significantly improved to 277.089, 529.499, 393.615, 459.261, 368.084, and 220.635 MPa, respectively, with UIT-SPEWJ-2 sample having the highest surface residual stress, which is 2.7 and 2.4 times that of UIT and SPEWJ modified surfaces. Samples modified by UIT-SPEWJ present significant dislocation phenomena, and the precipitated phases mainly include the needle-like metastable phase η', as well as the equilibrium phase η (MgZn2) with a rod-like structure. At lower jet pressures and larger target distances, the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy exhibits a continuous PFZ with a size of approximately 12–23 nm. As jet pressure increases and target distance decreases, discontinuous grain boundary precipitate bands appear, sized around 8–17 nm. Moreover, when the jet pressure is 25 MPa and the target distance is 7.5 mm, the grain boundary precipitated phases are more dispersed.

High-Temperature Tensile Characteristics of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy: Fracture Characteristics and a Physical Mechanism Constitutive Model.

High-temperature tensile tests were developed to explore the flow features of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. The fracture characteristics and microstructural evolution mechanisms were thoroughly revealed. The results demonstrated that both intergranular fractures and ductile fractures occurred, which affected the hot tensile fracture mechanism. During high-temperature tensile, the second phase (Al2CuMg) at the grain boundaries (GBs) promoted the formation and accumulation of dimples. With the continual progression of high-temperature tensile, the aggregation/coarsening of dimples along GBs appear, aggravating the intergranular fracture. The coalescence and coarsen of dimples are reinforced at higher tensile temperatures or lower strain rates. Considering the impact of microstructural evolution and dimple formation/coarsening on tensile stresses, a physical mechanism constitutive (PMC) equation is herein proposed. According to the validation and analysis, the predictive results were in preferable accordance with the testing data, showing the outstanding reconfiguration capability of the PMC model for high-temperature tensile features in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys.