Microcontroller Control Research Articles

Under Voltage Relay System for Battery and DC Load Safety Using Arduino Nano

The quality of the electric power supply in an electrical system is very necessary. One of the important things that need to be considered is the quality of the voltage supply. The disturbance in the electrical system is under voltage. Undervoltage is an electrical system disturbance that will affect the performance of connected electrical equipment and reduce the life of the equipment, including battery components in DC voltage source electrical systems such as solar power plants. To anticipate this occurrence, Under Voltage Relay equipment is needed which can be used to protect batteries and DC equipment from under voltage conditions by using a potentiometer as a voltage divider and IC 7809 to reduce the voltage from the battery input, Relays to disconnect the load, LCD for monitoring and using Arduino Nano microcontroller control. The method used is a development method or Research and Development. This method is used as a basis for designing and manufacturing Low Voltage Relay devices to protect batteries and DC equipment. From the results of the tests carried out, it can disconnect the DC load when detecting low voltage conditions with an accuracy of ± 99.795%. for the normalized execution test for under voltage relay at voltages of 12 V and 24 V, there is a difference value of ± 0.096V and an error of ± 0.554%.

Design of Intelligent Window Automatic Monitoring System Based on Microcontroller Control

To ensure the safety of residents’ lives and property by using automatic opening and closing of ordinary windows, this article designs an intelligent window automatic monitoring system. The article proposes a software and hardware design scheme for the system, which comprises a microcontroller control module, temperature and humidity detection module, harmful gas detection module, rainfall detection module, human thermal radiation induction module, Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display module, stepper motor drive module, Wi-Fi communication module, etc. Users use this system to monitor environmental data such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, harmful gas concentrations, and human health. Users can control the opening and closing of windows through manual, microcontroller, and mobile application (app) remote methods, providing users with a more convenient, comfortable, and safe living environment.

Application of Adaptive Fuzzy Algorithm in Single-Chip Microcomputer Control System

Objective: In practical application, an SCM control system needs to respond to user instructions quickly and accurately, and at the same time needs to have robustness and adaptability to adapt to complex and changeable environments and working states. Therefore, how to improve the control accuracy and stability of SCM control systems, and how to adapt to the change of different working environments and working states, has become one of the important issues in the design and research of SCM control systems. Methods: Adaptive fuzzy algorithm, as a new control algorithm, has the advantages of simple structure, easy implementation and high precision, and has been widely used in many fields. On the basis of three kinds of fuzzy logic system framework, this paper analyzes the self-adaptive fuzzy algorithm single-chip microcomputer control system and carries on the corresponding performance test of the system by constructing an intelligent car. The testability test of single-chip microcomputer detection, hardware detection, algorithm recognition rate and system control rate is tested, respectively, to ensure the normal operation of the system. Conclusion: The microcontroller control system of fuzzy algorithm system is compared with that of traditional algorithm system in many aspects. The average error rate of the traditional algorithm system is 2%, while the average error rate of the fuzzy algorithm system is 0.8%. In other aspects, the fuzzy algorithm system is superior to the traditional system. For example, the fuzzy algorithm system has a 100% instruction recognition rate and a data processing speed of up to 1 second. According to the characteristics and requirements of the single-chip microcomputer control system, applying the adaptive fuzzy algorithm to the design of a single-chip microcomputer control system can effectively improve the control precision and stability of thesystem.

Design of a Portable Emergency DC Power Supply

Abstract In recent years, wireless or handheld devices have become increasingly widely used, especially in areas such as environmental monitoring and the Internet of Things. However, due to environmental conditions, they cannot rely on the power grid to provide electricity, and energy supply has become a key issue that restricts the deployment and operation of such devices. This article introduces the method and principle of applying a microcontroller control system to a portable emergency DC power supply, and proposes a method for a portable emergency DC power supply with adjustable and stable output. The output voltage can be adjusted in steps of 0.1-15V. This adjustable portable emergency DC power supply not only has the advantages of small volume and low loss of switch mode power supply, but also has the advantages of small output voltage ripple and good output characteristics of linear power supply. It has certain research significance and practical value.

Intelligent Curtain System Based on 51 Microcontroller

In the 21st century, China's overall appearance has undergone a radical change, and people's demand for quality of life level is getting higher and higher. In view of this situation, this project designs an intelligent curtain based on 51 microcontroller control, which is opened remotely by the user, and the corresponding functions are accomplished by collecting environmental data through photosensitive materials and temperature sensors and transmitting the data to the microcontroller for the operation of the motor. The system realizes four modes of light control, temperature control, manual and remote control, and upholds the concept of green, convenient and stable when creating, in order to bring the maximum degree of safety, convenience and comfort to the user experience.

System design and implementation of an IoT electronic pulse sphygmomanometer

A sphygmomanometer is a standard testing tool for monitoring blood pressure and plays a vital role in modern medical diagnosis. Traditional smart electronic sphygmomanometers are complex and costly; this paper designs a low-cost electronic pulse sphygmomanometer through microcontroller control. This design collects the gas pressure information through the barometric pressure sensor and inputs it into the analog-to-digital converter. It converts the collected analog signal into a digital signal and then completes the determination of blood pressure and pulse through the recognition algorithm. Finally, this design is found to have the advantages oa f wide range of applicationslightweightht, low price, etc., and has important application value.

Investigation of a microcontroller control device at a beneficiation plant with fine screening technology

Investigation of a microcontroller control device at a beneficiation plant with fine screening technology

Pulsed Optoelectronic Rangefinder and Its Measurement Applications in Architectural Design Rationality Assessment

The laser rangefinder is a device that combines various technologies such as optoelectronics, electronics, microcontroller control technology, signal control, processing technology, and precision mechanical technology. This device has wide application value in aerospace, automatic control, industry, military, geodesy, and construction surveying, among other fields. The pulse laser rangefinder designed uses the SPLLL90_3 laser emitting diode for the laser emission circuit and employs the AD500_9 laser receiving diode for the laser reception circuit. The design of the laser emission circuit includes laser diode selection, emission, sample signal’s modulation circuit design, pulse signal generation, and driving circuit. The design of the laser reception circuit includes laser receiving diode selection, laser reception pulse signal’s acquisition circuit, reception signal adjustment circuit, and microcontroller peripheral circuit. After completing the hardware design of the pulse laser rangefinder, performance testing is conducted. The laser emission waveform and reception waveform are tested under an oscilloscope. The results show that the emission pulse generation and reception pulse acquisition circuits work normally. Range tests show that the rangefinder has a high degree of fit between theoretical and actual measurement distances within a certain time interval, meeting the design expectations. The designed optoelectronic rangefinder is adopted to evaluate the rationality of the design of building wall freeform surfaces through measurement. The results suggest that the designed optoelectronic rangefinder achieves higher detection efficiency and accuracy compared to traditional evaluation methods.

ADVANTAGES OF USING HYDROPONIC PLANTS OF CYLINDRICAL FORM WITH AUTOMATED GROWING PROCESS

The article raises the question of the use of hydroponics for growing agricultural crops in modern conditions - this is the growth of plants under the condition of limiting the area and lighting of the premises for cultivation. This approach makes it possible to implement hydroponic systems on an industrial scale in conditions of urban population growth and urbanization. Solving the issue simplifies the chain "agricultural enterprise - consumer" and provides an opportunity to reduce the cost of final products. The main modern cultivation methods and schemes were analyzed, the shortcomings of such systems were identified, and a solution was proposed that would lead to the minimization of costs. This will preserve all the advantages of growing plants in a soilless environment using nutrient solutions. From a large list of options for hydroponic plants and different ways of arranging plants and their root systems in the growing process, the one proposed for use of the equipment based on the technique of using a nutrient layer flowing in the middle of the plant with a cylindrical arrangement of plants in the complex prevails in terms of the use of space and consumption of energy resources. The cultivation process when using such equipment by the position of the plants on the periphery effectively combines almost all the advantages of the technology. The cylindrical rotary hydroponic system proposed for use makes it possible to obtain a larger number of planting places for cultivation on a smaller area of coverage than with the vertical method of cultivation using a multi-tiered method. At the same time, energy costs for the use of lighting and additional lighting are reduced. Due to the automation of the growing process in hydroponic systems, the required amount of human labor is reduced. The use of a modern complex microcontroller control system, consisting of programmable modules controlling individual systems, allows almost complete automation of the growing process and completely excludes the influence of the human factor on the course of events. Therefore, automation in hydroponic systems is an important step towards increasing the efficiency and sustainability of plant cultivation in modern agriculture.

Improve PV-diesel operating management system considering sun availability time

This paper presents a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-diesel management system performance analysis considering weather conditions. The system is designed to operate based on charging current, battery capacity, and loading current. During charging current is decreased but the battery capacity is high, and the PV system remains supplied for low and medium loading current. When the charging current is lowered and the battery capacity is in the middle, the PV system still supplies for low loading current. However, when the charging current decreases and the battery voltage decreased below 22.3 volts, the supply instantly switches to the diesel generator. The charge current is calculated by subtracting the PV current from the load current. A real-time clock is implemented as a timer to guarantee that there is no repetitive switching throughout the night when charging from the panel is missing. The system works automatically through microcontroller control during the day for 9 hours. The improvement that has been obtained is to overcome the problem of repeated switching processes by limiting the transfer process back to PV when sunlight is not available.

Improve PV-diesel operating management system considering sun availability time

This paper presents a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-diesel management system performance analysis considering weather conditions. The system is designed to operate based on charging current, battery capacity, and loading current. During charging current is decreased but the battery capacity is high, and the PV system remains supplied for low and medium loading current. When the charging current is lowered and the battery capacity is in the middle, the PV system still supplies for low loading current. However, when the charging current decreases and the battery voltage decreased below 22.3 volts, the supply instantly switches to the diesel generator. The charge current is calculated by subtracting the PV current from the load current. A real-time clock is implemented as a timer to guarantee that there is no repetitive switching throughout the night when charging from the panel is missing. The system works automatically through microcontroller control during the day for 9 hours. The improvement that has been obtained is to overcome the problem of repeated switching processes by limiting the transfer process back to PV when sunlight is not available.

AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLER USING ARDUINO

Traffic congestion and accidents caused by more than speeding vehicles have been a major cause for anxiety in societies due to their negative effects such as stress to commuters, release of more toxic fumes into the atmosphere, accidents and loss of productive hours.The enhancement of Traffic Light Controller utilizing ultrasonic sensor and microcontroller. The Paper is designed for structuring a thickness based dynamic traffic signal framework where the planning of signal will change as a result on detecting the traffic density at any road junction. This paper offers an move toward for handling traffic congestion and over speeding offenders. This system uses infrared sensors as counters to measure the traffic density in each lane. The infrared sensors are also for speed detection with a Bluetooth module and Bluetooth serial monitor. These sensors are interfaced with the traffic light through a micro controller. The signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the junction. The microcontroller used in this project is ARDUINO. In instance of any vehicle in emergency condition or on the other hand in emergency like VVIPs, a SMS is send to Traffic Control Authority, who has the control of microcontroller empowers microcontroller. The implementation of the prototype design show that traffic control and speed detection using infrared sensors and Arduino Atmega 2560 give a better performance and the time taken to clear traffic at an intersection reduced significantly with 60% time saved

Charity Box Based Camera and Security System Internet Of Things and Telegram

Theft in a place of worship is a crime by stealing things that are not privately owned but public propertywithout permission and these activities are carried out from religious places such as mosques, churches andmonasteries. The theft of charity box funds is an interesting topic for some people and the mosque manager personallyin particular, considering that charity box funds are general funds intended for the renovation or purchase of mosqueneeds and the needs of religious events. By using a microcontroller as an auxiliary component to monitor valuables.This microcontroller control system can be used to secure charity box funds in any mosque equipped with a securityfeature based on Selenoid door locks that can only be opened by ESP 32-CAM and using a vibration sensor will detectshocks and a buzzer will sound. sounds like an alarm for Telegram to alert the Mosque management in the event ofthe forced destruction of the charity box. So, looking at the source of the problem and technological developments ashappened before, it is very appropriate to use them to reduce the rampant theft in mosques. Therefore researcherswill design a tool, namely a camera system and security for charity boxes based on the internet of things and telegrams.

A BIOMIMETIC UNDERWATER ROBOT DIRECTION CHANGING ALGORITHMS

The performance of the steady-turning while swimming, and sharp-turning motion algorithms of a biomimetic underwater robot in the form of a fish is presented in this work. The biological fish modelled is a Mackerel - Scomber scombrus. It’s motion patterns are precalculated and programmed into its firmware as an inflexible algorithm to save power consumption due to continuous motor position recalculations. The robot tail is a six segments plywood panels with vulcanized rubber acting as joints. This tail structure is driven by three remote-control servomotors (Futaba 3003) under the control of microcontroller (PIC18F4520). The algorithm for steady turning is derived steady swimming by introducing offset in the servomotor displacements about the midline of the robot. The algorithm for sharp turning treats the three servomotors as one and turn them simultaneously to left or right and restore them quickly into straight form, which allows the robot to turn at a tight corner. A 54cm turning radius was achieved with the steady turn while swimming. The sharp turn however works but requires several attempts before a proper reorientation was achieved in the desired direction.

The use of a microcontroller as part of a device for measuring humidity using the thermogravimetric method

The use of a microcontroller as part of a device for measuring humidity using the thermogravimetric method is considered. The main nodes of the device have been designed, in which the microcontroller receives and processes information from them, and also controls these nodes. They use various microcontroller capabilities, including several data transfer interfaces: I2C, SPI, etc. A built-in analog-to-digital converter is used. The power control unit allows you to flexibly set the required heater power in the device. A unit has been created to control the mass of a material sample in the drying chamber of the device, which provides an accurate measurement of the mass of the substance. The temperature control unit allows the microcontroller to evaluate the material drying parameters and select the operating mode of the power regulator. The performance of the designed units was tested. It is noted that they can be used in a device for measuring humidity using the thermogravimetric method under the control of a single microcontroller.

Rancang Bangun Alat Kontrol Lampu Jarak Jauh Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Berbasis Website

It is very important to pay attention to the management of electrical devices in spaces for human activity related to the specified time when the time is on and when it is off to avoid wasting energy using wasted energy. There are several procedures for managing electricity that has been implemented using renewable technology in the current era of industrial trends 4.0, including controlling lights and other electrical devices. In general, light control uses manual procedures by turning on the switch directly, starting from offices, shopping centers, public places and others. In this modern era, it is possible for humans to use technological updates by changing the use of light switches to become automatic using a microcontroller control board and a wifi module as a transmission medium that is integrated with the web as a portal for monitoring light points installed in a building or facilities. general. This study aims to obtain new habits of the community regarding the use of automatic light control devices in order to save on the cost of using electricity. This change is also beneficial for everyone who is outside the house in their daily life, so they don't have to go home when they want to turn on the lights. By using the website platform, electrical devices located in different rooms can be controlled via cell phones and can also be controlled via computers or gadgets.

Rancang Bangun Alat Transfer Data Teks Nirkabel Bawah Air Berbasis Mikrokontroler

Communication is a very important factor to avoid misunderstanding, with communication it will be easy to understand what is meant between the object of introduction and the recipient of information. However, communication is still an obstacle for those who carry out underwater activities such as diving. Many ordinary divers do not understand the diver's signal code which will be a problem because of the difficulty in communicating if something happens that requires them to carry out information sharing activities underwater. Innovation is needed to be implemented, namely research that is able to facilitate divers to communicate underwater the same as using diver sign language. The purpose of this research is to design a wireless data transfer tool that can be used underwater by utilizing the Arduino microcontroller control board as a data processing component supported by an infrared sensor as a transmitting medium which aims to capture infrared light waves as a wireless communication medium. The marker components such as LEDs and LCDs indicate and display information from the processing results when data is successfully received and sent. The power distribution uses low voltage currents to carry out the performance of wireless data transfers underwater with the results of safe test criteria while the device is working in water.

Control of a CNC laser engraver machine for non-metallic materials

The present work consists of the development of a control system by means of a microprocessor for a prototype of engraving of non-metallic materials using a semiconductor laser, which has the purpose of carrying out said process without the use of any image processing software as they do. other common marketing devices. This prototype is based on a Cartesian positioning robot, built with a 20mm structural aluminum profile, a 450nm wavelength laser module at 1W of power adjustable by PWM pulse width modulation, 3 motors with Nema 17 bipolar steps, an ATMega2560 microcontroller and a CNC shield card. As a result, we obtain a prototype of a laser engraver with a microcontroller control system, which according to the tests carried out has an efficiency of 95%, capable of carrying out a maximum of 27 engraving processes every 60 minutes with a 30-minute break and that does not use image processing software.

Rancang Bangun Alat Pengamanan Kotak Amal Menggunakan Sensor Sidik Jari dan SMS Gateway Berbasis Mikrokontroler

Charity boxes provided in many public places today still use locks such as master locks or padlocks. The rampant cases of theft of charity boxes occur repeatedly because charity boxes are easily broken into and even transported by thieves. The absence of a double security system is an obstacle for charity box managers. Realizing the design concept of a double security system for charity boxes using several electronic components such as fingerprint sensors and methods of sending notifications will minimize the occurrence of the crime of theft or burglary of charity boxes. The security device design architecture is made using the notification method in the form of notifications via short messages using a communication device, namely the SIM800L serial module as a transmission medium for sending short message text data if irregularities are found in the charity box. This charity box security system uses an authorization system for managers who are entitled to be registered with the device in the form of a cellular number. The microcontroller control board plays an important role in processing various instructions so as to produce output information on the screen that is installed in the charity box to display access information when the device is working. Another feature of this tool is that it is equipped with a buzzer component as a warning sign in the form of a sound if an activity process is not recognized it will ring loudly according to the conditions. A security system like this will provide a solution and increase security in the storage of charity boxes so managers can feel comfortable.

Technological equipment for foundry production, efficiency and safety

The article discusses the results of the development and research of controlled electrical preheating of casting troughs and intermediate tanks in the system of transport trays for pouring aluminum melt. Electric heating contributes to high-quality and safe pouring of the melt in the cold shop. The heating of the casting track links eliminates the possibility of an explosion when the melt contacts water or ice, and also maintains the fluidity of the metal and limits the temperature gradient in the melt. Evaluation of the efficiency of the heater system was carried out on the basis of mathematical modeling of thermohydrodynamic processes in the melt. Acceptable characteristics of the section of the trays were determined to improve the distribution of metal by the melting and casting complex. To ensure the electrical safety of the equipment, it is proposed to power the heaters at a reduced voltage. Changing the intensity of heating is implemented by switching the windings of a group of power transformers from a delta connection to a star connection. Preheating controls are built in the form of a relay-contactor subsystem integrated into the microcontroller control system of the foundry complex.