Microbial Disinfection Research Articles

Photocatalytic disinfection of micro-organisms: Mechanisms and applications

Microbial contamination has globally represented an extreme health risk to human beings. Bacteria, fungi, algae and viruses being minuscule possess excessive ecological toxicity and a wide range of diseases to an aquatic and terrestrial existence Recently, photocatalytic disinfection has acquired ever-growing worldwide attention due to its energy conversion and disinfection potential. Diverse factors such as the type of photocatalytic material employed for the disinfection process and micro-organisms significantly influence the disinfection technique. There are different novel photocatalysts including TiO2, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), nanocomposites and membranes that have been developed for microbial disinfection in land and water surfaces. Photocatalytic disinfection is majorly dependent on different operational parameters such as photocatalysts dosage, pH, light source, and temperature. Photocatalysts possess antimicrobial properties which might also contribute to the expulsion of micro-organisms from surfaces. Cell membrane degradation mechanism which governs the performance of photocatalytic disinfection is reviewed in detail. The review describes the fundamental mechanism of photocatalytic disinfection. The development of novel photocatalysts for the disinfection of bacteria, fungi, viruses and algae has been reviewed in detail. In addition, different parameters that affect the performance of photocatalytic disinfection are reviewed. Applications of photocatalytic disinfection of microorganisms and future perspectives are discussed.

Endophytic Bacterial Effects on Seed as Enhancement in Germination with Mobilization of Reserves and Microbial Disinfection in Citrus Limon (L) by Biopriming Under Salinity Stress

Endophytic Bacterial Effects on Seed as Enhancement in Germination with Mobilization of Reserves and Microbial Disinfection in Citrus Limon (L) by Biopriming Under Salinity Stress

N-halamine-decorated electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membranes: characterization and antimicrobial properties

Microbial contamination of drinking water and air is an alarming phenomenon that has attracted increasing global attention. Although many advances in microbial disinfection have been made over the years, robust, rapid, inexpensive and field-deployable strategies are still urgently needed to address this public health issue. Herein we report the preparation of antimicrobial nanofibrous membranes, which involves incorporation of highly porous electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes with 1-chloro-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-imidazolidinone (MC) by two different approaches, namely, blend electrospinning and soaking. The functionalized membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and titrimetry, and their antimicrobial efficacies were evaluated against two bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli). The MC-decorated electrospun PAN membranes inactivated both bacterial strains within 2 min of contact time. Moreover, the MC-soaked PAN membrane showed excellent disinfection efficacy against aerosolized E. coli after an exposure of 30 min. The simplicity, cost-effectiveness, versatility, and scalability of the electrospinning process, together with the superior antimicrobial activity of N-halamines make it a promising solution for water disinfection, and for the inactivation of airborne microorganisms.

Hierarchical ZnO nano-spines grown on a carbon fiber seed layer for efficient VOC removal and airborne virus and bacteria inactivation

Air purification through fiber-based filters has become a fundamental requirement for air contamination control. However, conventional filters depend on polymeric fibrous filters with adequate particulate matter removal ability but fewer degassing and biocidal effects. This study presents the photocatalytic volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation and antimicrobial properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-spines sprouted activated-carbon nanofibers (I@ZnO/ACNFs) and their potential for air contamination control and infection prevention. By developing a novel technique that can induce phase separation of inorganic salts during electrospinning, nanofibers with zinc (Zn) components concentrated on the surface could be synthesized. I@ZnO/ACNFs exhibit a surface densely covered with high aspect-ratio ZnO nano-spines with significant lethality to airborne pathogens and enhanced photocatalytic activity toward VOCs. Moreover, excellent adhesion stability of ZnO to ACNFs under rapid airflow was observed in I@ZnO/ACNFs. In combination with intriguing antimicrobial activity and strong VOC removal capability derived from their unique morphology, novel I@ZnO/ACNFs hold potential for airborne microbial disinfection, effective and sustainable VOC purification, and the design of photomicrobicidal and photocatalytic materials.

Electrohydraulic Streamer Discharge Plasma-Enhanced Alternaria brassicicola Disinfection in Seed Sterilization.

As emerging chemical-free and eco-friendly technologies, nonthermal (gas discharge) plasma and (liquid phase) plasma-activated water (PAW) offer exceptional microbial disinfection solutions for biological, medical, environmental, and agricultural applications. Herein, we present electrohydraulic streamer discharge plasma (ESDP), which combines streamer discharge plasma (SDP) and PAW generated at a gas-liquid interface, to sterilize Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) seeds contaminated with Alternaria brassicicola (A. brassicicola). The results showed that the ESDP treatment of A. brassicicola-inoculated seeds provides a ∼75% reduction of A. brassicicola (incident percentage) compared with nontreated seeds. Likewise, the healthy seedling percentage of the plasma-treated seeds was significantly improved to ∼70%, while that of the nontreated seeds remained at ∼15%. A microscopic examination was performed, and it confirmed that ESDP can damage the A. brassicicola spores attached to Chinese kale seeds and lead to severe morphological abnormalities after treatment. Also, an electric field simulation was performed, and it indicated that the strongly localized electric field at the liquid-gas interface on the seed surface boundary had initiated local breakdown of the gas at the air-liquid interface, resulting in exceptional physical-chemical reactions for antimicrobial efficacy beyond typical plasma treatments. Moreover, the optical emission spectra and physicochemical properties (pH, conductivity, and oxidation-reduction potential) showed that inactivation is mainly associated with the reactive oxygen-nitrogen species in the liquid and gas phases. We believe that this work is of great interest when using electrical discharge plasma on liquid interfaces in food, agricultural, and medical industries.

Gravity-driven membrane bioreactor coupled with electrochemical oxidation disinfection (GDMBR-EO) to treat roofing rainwater

Clean water scarcity is a pressing global water resource issue that affects a large population. Rainwater utilization carries an enormous potential as an effective option to alleviate water crisis. In our work, a gravity-driven membrane bioreactor (GDMBR) coupled with electro-oxidation (EO) was investigated for long-term roofing rainwater treatment and disinfection over a duration of 265 days. It was found that the disinfection performance of EO was significantly increased with an increased operational current and hydraulic retention time (HRT), and the optimal applied currency density was 2 mA/cm2 at an HRT of 60 min. The GDMBR-EO process exhibited desired rainwater treatment efficiency at 8 ~ 12 L/(m2·h) followed by the intermittent EO. Aided by GDMBR rejection, EO could realize complete microbial disinfection (i.e., bacterial and E.coli) during treatment of both synthetic rainwater and actual roofing rainwater (from a reinforced concrete roof, metal roof, and oil-polluted roof), due to the production of reactive oxygen substances (ROS) (i.e.,·OH, H2O2, and O3, etc.) and reactive chlorine species (RCS) (i.e., Cl2, HClO, ClO-, ·Cl, etc.). Removal of organic matter (i.e., ATP, protein, and polysaccharide) was achieved via membrane retention, biodegration and oxidation in the presence of ROS and RCS. GDMBR obtained a stable ammonia removal, attributed to the enrichment of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) (i.e., Nitrospira), as confirmed by bacterial community analysis. RCS was responsible for the transformation of nitrogenous substances (i.e., NH3-N, NO– 3-N,NO– 2-N and N2) during the EO process. TP removal and slight increase of turbidity in the EO unit was caused by FePO4 precipitation, and CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 precipitation, respectively, as demonstrated by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Roman spectra analysis.

Triboelectrification induced self-powered microbial disinfection using nanowire-enhanced localized electric field

Air-transmitted pathogens may cause severe epidemics showing huge threats to public health. Microbial inactivation in the air is essential, whereas the feasibility of existing air disinfection technologies meets challenges including only achieving physical separation but no inactivation, obvious pressure drops, and energy intensiveness. Here we report a rapid disinfection method toward air-transmitted bacteria and viruses using the nanowire-enhanced localized electric field to damage the outer structures of microbes. This air disinfection system is driven by a triboelectric nanogenerator that converts mechanical vibration to electricity effectively and achieves self-powered. Assisted by a rational design for the accelerated charging and trapping of microbes, this air disinfection system promotes microbial transport and achieves high performance: >99.99% microbial inactivation within 0.025 s in a fast airflow (2 m/s) while only causing low pressure drops (<24 Pa). This rapid, self-powered air disinfection method may fill the urgent need for air-transmitted microbial inactivation to protect public health.

2D MoS2: structure, mechanisms, and photocatalytic applications

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)–based materials are of great interest because of their capacity to efficiently absorb electromagnetic spectrum in the visible region. Starting from the structural and electronic properties, this review discusses the synthesis strategies of 2D MoS2. The major photocatalytic applications of 2D MoS2 such as hydrogen evolution, pollutant degradation, self-cleaning, photoelectrochemical water splitting, and microbial disinfection are summarized. The mechanistic understanding of various photocatalytic applications of 2D MoS2 is summarized through schematic diagrams. In addition, this review outlines the methodologies for improving the 2D MoS2 photocatalysts and recapitulates the research directions in this area of semiconductor photocatalysis.

Emerging Energy Harvesting Materials and Devices for Self‐Powered Water Disinfection

Contaminated drinking water is one of the main pathogen transmission pathways making waterborne illnesses such as diarrheal diseases and gastroenteritis a huge threat to public health, especially in the areas where sanitation facilities and gird power are inadequate such as rural and disaster hit areas. Self-powered water disinfection systems are a promising solution in these cases. In this review paper, the authors provide an overview of the new and emerging methods of applying energy harvesting materials and devices as a source of power for water disinfection systems microbial disinfection in water by harnessing ambient forms of energy such as mechanical motion, light, and heat into electricity. The authors begin with a brief introduction of the different energy harvesting technologies commonly applied in water disinfection; triboelectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and photovoltaic effects. Various microbial disinfection mechanisms and types of device construction are summarized. Then, a detailed discussion of the energy harvester-driven water disinfection process is provided. Finally, challenges and perspectives regarding the future development of self-powered water disinfection are described.

Supramolecular Control of Singlet Oxygen Generation.

Singlet oxygen (1O2) is the excited state electronic isomer and a reactive form of molecular oxygen, which is most efficiently produced through the photosensitized excitation of ambient triplet oxygen. Photochemical singlet oxygen generation (SOG) has received tremendous attention historically, both for its practical application as well as for the fundamental aspects of its reactivity. Applications of singlet oxygen in medicine, wastewater treatment, microbial disinfection, and synthetic chemistry are the direct results of active past research into this reaction. Such advancements were achieved through design factors focused predominantly on the photosensitizer (PS), whose photoactivity is relegated to self-regulated structure and energetics in ground and excited states. However, the relatively new supramolecular approach of dictating molecular structure through non-bonding interactions has allowed photochemists to render otherwise inactive or less effective PSs as efficient 1O2 generators. This concise and first of its kind review aims to compile progress in SOG research achieved through supramolecular photochemistry in an effort to serve as a reference for future research in this direction. The aim of this review is to highlight the value in the supramolecular photochemistry approach to tapping the unexploited technological potential within this historic reaction.

Performance application of ultraviolet disinfection technique for raw water

Microbial water disinfection with UV rays is a universal technology. Disinfection is a method used to treat drinking water. This can be accomplished using physical and/or chemical processes. Physical Methods: Heating and UV rays are two main methods - UV rays to destroy cells and kill bacteria. The physical process generally gives drinking water an instant purification without producing harmful substances. However, there is no pollution in the water to ensure continuous cleaning. This study’s primary goal is to obtain environmentally safe drinking water in situations of water shortages and homes that lack clean water. Therefore, resort to appropriate home treatment. Therefore, an experimental laboratory has been established to test the ceramic filter’s efficiency in removing turbidity and plankton and everything that would change the properties of drinking water. Thus, several stages in water purification are shortened, as in the case of water treatment plants. To determine the efficiency of UV sterilization in killing bacteria, especially fecal coliform bacteria and E-coli bacteria. Work has taken place by taking samples of river water near Al Wahda water treatment plant. This technique works on water according to special criteria before entering the sterilizer. A commercially available ceramic filter was used for this. The ceramic filter is excellent at reducing turbidity with removal efficiency (96 ∼ 97%), suspended solids removal efficiency (99 ∼ 100%), iron removal efficiency (100%), bacteria removal efficiency (45 ∼ 50 %) which is good removal rate because it is a commercial filter. The efficiency of the UV sterilizer in killing bacteria reached (100%). This technique is very excellent as it does not produce secondary substances and does not change color, taste, or smell.

Organic load removal and microbial disinfection of raw domestic sewage using SrSnO3/g-C3N4 with sunlight.

Sewage treatment and water reuse are, undoubtedly, one of the main points on scientific agenda of the 21st century. Many technologies for sewage treatment are available; however, it is still as an open issue that deserves much attention in order to facilitate their application, develop more effective methods and propose alternative treatment for unusual situations. Developing high performance materials for sewage treatment fits the idea of the development of efficient and alternative methods for microorganism removal and the high organic load of wastewater and is of fundamental importance. In this paper, a heterojunction with perovskite-type strontium stannate (SrSnO3) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) - SrSnO3/g-C3N4 - was synthesized and used for photocatalytic treatment of domestic sewage using only sunlight. Results were accompanied by assessing the total organic carbon decrease and removal of pathogenic microorganisms. X-ray diffraction and X-ray excited photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that a heterostructure was successfully formed and photocatalytic tests showed an important activity in the visible range, i.e., under sunlight. Exposing raw sewage to 240 min (from 11 a.m. until 3 p.m.) in the presence of SrSnO3/g-C3N4, led to a 56.1% mineralization. This process was 2.5 more efficient than photolysis under sunlight. Moreover, the treated sewage showed no coliform growth (either fecal or total) or heterotrophic bacteria. This simple treatment makes sewage suitable and safe for reuse, for example, for agriculture purposes according to Brazilian regulations criteria and could be an alternative for isolated areas in which sewage treatment plants are not available.

Synthesis of Fe Doped Poly p-Phenylenediamine Composite: Co-Adsorption Application on Toxic Metal Ions (F- and As3+) and Microbial Disinfection in Aqueous Solution.

Water is regarded as an important natural resource to sustain life, and its purification is an important criterion that determines its quality and usefulness. In this study, the incorporation of Fe3+ oxide onto a phenylenediamine (pPD) polymer matrix through chemical co-polymerization was prepared, and its arsenite and fluoride removal potentials at optimal conditions from aqueous solution were evaluated. The morphology and structural analysis of the synthesized Fe-doped pPD (Fe-pPD) were comparatively evaluated using the FT-IR, SEM, EDS, and XRD techniques. Fe was successfully incorporated onto pPD matrix as confirmed by different morphological characterizations. The rate of adsorption of F− and As3+ onto the Fe-pPD composite best followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The experimental data for both As3+ and F− onto the Fe-pPD composite better fit the Freundlich isotherm model at different operating temperatures. Overall, the synthesized composite exhibited a strong affinity towards fluoride uptake (96.6%) than arsenite uptake (71.14%) with a maximum capacity of 6.79 (F−) and 1.86 (As3+) mg/g. Additionally, the synthesized adsorbent showed some level of antimicrobial activity against common water-borne bacterial. Therefore, the Fe-doped pPD composite has the potential ability for inorganic metal species pollutants remediation and bacterial disinfection in community-level water purification processes.

Modelling the inactivation kinetics of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and total coliforms during ozone treatment of sugarcane juice

The efficacy of ozone treatment against Leuconostoc mesenteroides (LM), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and total coliforms (TC) was investigated. The effects of three ozone doses per unit volume (ODV), 0.12, 0.28 and 0.45 mg/min ml on microbial disinfection were studied. At the end of treatment (50 min), maximum reductions of LM (2.8 log), SC (2.18 log) and TC (3.4 log) were achieved with ODV of 0.45 mg/min ml. Various non-linear models, viz., Weibull+tail, Coroller, Geeraerd, Cerf, modified Gompertz and log-logistic were attempted to elucidate inactivation kinetics of microorganisms. The microbial tailing behaviour was well described by model parameters, like, tailing ratio, residual population and minimum cell concentration. The sensitive and resistant fractions of microbial population were characterized by the estimated scale parameter and destruction rate constants. Statistical measurements (adjR2: 0.97–0.999) and validation indices (accuracy factor: 1.02–1.27, bias factor: 0.965–1.25) indicated satisfactory performance of all models. The Akaike's theory was employed for model selection. Coroller model was identified as the most accurate model for LM and TC showing the lowest Akaike increment in 71.82% and 54.67% of the inactivation curves, respectively. Log-logistic model was selected as the best-fit model for SC owing to its reliability in describing 81.37% of their survival curves.

“Dew-of-Leaf” structure multiple synergetic antimicrobial modality hybrid: A rapid and long lasting bactericidal material

• Ag-PCN@Ti 3 C 2 -BC was fabricated achieving MSAM hybrid material. • A Rapid and long lasting antibacterial hybrid material was provided. • Rapid antibacterial effect was achieved by photodynamic and photothermal effect. • Long lasting antibacterial effect was achieved by Ag + ions releasing. • 1 O 2 and heat pushed the Ag + ions releasing from the sputtered silver under light illumination. Multiple synergetic antimicrobial modality (MSAM) platform is a novel approach which has highly advocated recently to meet the challenge of bacterial infection. In this research, we constructed a “Dew-of-Leaf” like hybrid material (Ag-PCN@Ti 3 C 2 -BC) with multiple design features that integrated photodynamic, photothermal and silver ion releasing effects. Porphyrinic MOFs (PCN-224) grown on Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets was first filtered onto BC, then nanosilver was sputtered using magnetron sputtering technique. Interestingly, the light-driven singlet oxygen produced by PCN-224 and the heat produced by Ti 3 C 2 not only synergistically enhanced the antibacterial effect, but also promoted the sputtered nanosilver to be degraded to release silver ions, achieving rapid bacterial inactivation and long lasting bacterial inhibition effects. Moreover, after two rounds of bacterial inactivation and 6 months of room environment preservation, an antibacterial inactivation study still demonstrated 99.9999% elimination of Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC-8099 and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-6538 with Ag-PCN@Ti 3 C 2 -BC. Taken together, this nanofiber hybrid material permits an effective way to inactivate bacteria rapidly at first and long lasting bacterial inhibition followed, showing great potential for microbial disinfection.

Antimicrobial TiO2 nanocomposite coatings for surfaces, dental and orthopaedic implants.

Engineering of self-disinfecting surfaces to constrain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 is a challenging task for the scientific community because the human coronavirus spreads through respiratory droplets. Titania (TiO2) nanocomposite antimicrobial coatings is one of the ideal remedies to disinfect pathogens (virus, bacteria, fungi) from common surfaces under light illumination. The photocatalytic disinfection efficiency of recent TiO2 nanocomposite antimicrobial coatings for surfaces, dental and orthopaedic implants are emphasized in this review. Mostly, inorganic metals (e.g. copper (Cu), silver (Ag), manganese (Mn), etc), non-metals (e.g. fluorine (F), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P)) and two-dimensional materials (e.g. MXenes, MOF, graphdiyne) were incorporated with TiO2 to regulate the charge transfer mechanism, surface porosity, crystallinity, and the microbial disinfection efficiency. The antimicrobial activity of TiO2 coatings was evaluated against the most crucial pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Legionella pneumophila, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, T2 bacteriophage, H1N1, HCoV-NL63, vesicular stomatitis virus, bovine coronavirus. Silane functionalizing agents and polymers were used to coat the titanium (Ti) metal implants to introduce superhydrophobic features to avoid microbial adhesion. TiO2 nanocomposite coatings in dental and orthopaedic metal implants disclosed exceptional bio-corrosion resistance, durability, biocompatibility, bone-formation capability, and long-term antimicrobial efficiency. Moreover, the commercial trend, techno-economics, challenges, and prospects of antimicrobial nanocomposite coatings are also discussed briefly.

Microbial Decontamination of Rice Germ Using a Large-Scale Plasma Jet-Pulsed Light-Ultraviolet-C Integrated Treatment System

Integration of plasma and pulsed light or ultraviolet has been investigated for microbial decontamination of foods. However, no studies have reported the microbial disinfection of particulate food using a large-scale system integrating the treatments. In the present study, a large-scale plasma jet-pulsed light-ultraviolet (UV)-C (PPU) system has been developed for the microbial decontamination of particulate foods. The effects of PPU treatment on the inactivation of natural mesophilic aerobic bacteria and yeast and molds of rice germ and the quality properties of rice germ were evaluated at various operation times (3, 5, 7, and 10 min) and sample amount (200, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 g). The efficacy of microbial inactivation of PPU treatment was enhanced with increasing treatment time and decreasing sample amount, and the maximum reduction was observed at 7 min with 200 g samples. The number of the natural bacteria and yeast and mold was reduced to 1.0 and 2.0 log CFU/g from an initial number of 5.7 and 3.7 log CFU/g, respectively. Compared to the individual treatments by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) and intense pulsed light (IPL), PPU treatment synergistically inactivated microorganisms while not altering the color, antioxidant activity, or sensory properties of rice germ. The results of this study suggest the potential use of the large-scale PPU treatment system for the microbial decontamination of rice germ while minimizing alterations in quality.

Update on Interfacial Charge Transfer (IFTC) Processes on Films Inactivating Viruses/Bacteria under Visible Light: Mechanistic Considerations and Critical Issues

This review presents an update describing binary and ternary semiconductors involving interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) in composites made up by TiO2, CuO, Ag2O and Fe2O3 used in microbial disinfection (bacteria and viruses). The disinfection mechanism, kinetics and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in solution under solar/visible light are discussed. The surface properties of the photocatalysts and their active catalytic sites are described in detail. Pathogenic biofilm inactivation by photocatalytic thin films is addressed since biofilms are the most dangerous agents of spreading pathogens into the environment.

Microbial Contamination Risk and Disinfection of Radiation Protective Garments.

Healthcare-associated infections are a major public health concern for both patients and medical personnel. This has taken on greater urgency during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Radiation Personal Protective Equipment (RPPE) may contribute to risks of microbial contamination. This possibility was tested in 61 personal or shared-use lead aprons and thyroid collars at Columbia Presbyterian Irving Medical Center. Fifty percent tested positive for either bacterial or fungal contamination, mostly around the neckline of lead vests and thyroid collars. Repeated testing of garments some weeks to months later confirmed continued presence of microbial contamination. The possibility that hospital-approved disinfection agents could degrade the radio-protective features of these garments was also examined. Samples of identical construction to garments in regular use were subjected to either daily or weekly wipes with hypochlorite or alcohol-based hospital-approved cleaning agents for 6 mo. A third group of samples was maintained in contact with the cleaning agents for 6 mo. All samples were fluoroscoped four times during the study. None demonstrated any degradation in radioprotection. All samples were photographed monthly. Physical degradation of the outer plastic covering by concentrated hypochlorite and limited mechanical damage around stitched seams of the samples cleaned daily with alcohol was noted. Based on the high prevalence of microbial contamination, regular cleaning and disinfection protocols should be implemented. Regular cleaning with medical-facility-approved cleaning and disinfecting agents is likely to be effective at reducing the microbial load and unlikely to result in significant reduction in radioprotective properties of these garments.

Experimental Studies on Physicochemical Parameters of Water Samples before and after Treatment with a Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet and its Optical Characterization

Cold plasma-liquid interaction becomes a growing interdisciplinary area of research involving plasma physics, fluid science, and chemistry. Plasma-liquid interaction has gained more interest over the last many years due to its potential applications in different fields. Cold atmospheric plasma jet is an emerging technology for surface drinking water treatment to improve quality and surface modification that is chemical-free and eco-friendly. Cold plasma treatment of water samples results in changes in turbidity, pH, and conductivity and in the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). As a result, plasma-activated water has a different chemical composition than water and can serve as an alternative technique for microbial disinfection. CAPJ has been generated by a high voltage 5 kV and a high frequency 19.56 kHz power supply. The discharge has been characterized by an optical method. To characterize the cold atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet, discharge plume temperature, and electron rotational and vibrational temperature have been determined. Cold atmospheric argon plasma jet produced at atmospheric condition contains high energetic electrons, ions, UV radiation, reactive oxygen, and nitrogen species named as cold plasma which has a wide range of applications in the biomedical industry, as well as in water treatment. Nowadays, researches have been carried out on ozonation through plasma jet interaction with surface drinking water. In this paper, we compare the change in physical and chemical parameters of surface water used for drinking purposes. The significant change in the physical parameters such as pH, turbidity, and electrical conductivity was studied. In addition, the significant changes in the concentration and absorbance of nitrate, ferrous, and chromium ions with respect to treatment time were studied. Our results showed that plasma jet interaction with surface drinking water samples can be useful for the improvement of water quality and an indicator for which reactive species play an important role in plasma sterilization.