Metroxylon Sagu Research Articles

Organellar genome copy number variations and integrity across different organs, growth stages, phenotypes and main localities of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) in Sarawak, Malaysia

The sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) is one valuable food crop that has both high economic and nature value with promising potential to curb future global hunger issues. The organellar genomes, namely mitogenome and plastome, are indispensable in various development processes of plants, orchestrating the survivability and adaptability of the host and fulfilling its physiological needs. The long-PCR and qPCR approaches were used in couple to reveal the organellar genome copy number variations across different organs, growth stages, phenotypes and main localities in Sarawak, Malaysia. In this study, the mature leaf achieved among the highest unimpeded plastome and mitogenome copy number among other organs such as young root, mature root, young shoot, aged leaf and pneumatophore. The Plawei Manit stage scored the highest in terms of unimpeded mitogenome and plastome copy number across other four growth stages. The non-trunking and spiny phenotypes inspected have lower organellar genome copy numbers than the trunking phenotype. All three phenotypes sampled from four different localities in Sarawak, Malaysia showed no significant difference. This study serves as a steppingstone in unravelling the organellar genome copy number variations of sago palm and this knowledge is essential for future genotyping studies.

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The quality of the cement board depends on the compatibility between cement and particles from lignocellulosic biomass. The purpose of this study was to determine the compatibility between cement and particles from four tropical wood namely mangium ( Acacia mangium Willd), teak ( Tectona grandis Linn. F.), gelam ( Melaleuca leucadendron (L.), dadap ( Erythrina variegat a L.), and sago stem ( Metroxylon sago Rottb.), and to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the mangium cement board produced by adding magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) as an accelerator. This research was conducted in two steps. The first step consisted of measuring the hydration temperature of a mixture of cement with particles from the four wood species and sago stems by adding magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), with variations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% based on the cement weight. Two types of mixtures from the first step were then used in the second step, namely the manufacture of cement board. The cement board was made using a weight ratio of mangium particles:cement:water of 1:2.7:1.35. The board is made with a target density of 1.2 g/cm 3 . Physical and mechanical testing refers to the ISO 8335-1987 standard. The results of the hydration temperature showed that all of the mixtures were classified into “low inhibition”, except for mixture between cement and mangium particles without a catalyst which was included in the classification of “moderate inhibition”. While the results of cement board tests indicate that the cement boards made from mangium wood particles with 5% MgCl 2 addition had better properties compared to mangium cement boards without catalysts.

The protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu leaf for high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and comparative proteomics

BackgroundSago palm (Metroxylon sagu) is a versatile crop and has been hailed as the next viable commodity in Sarawak, Malaysia. Sago palm can thrive in the harsh swampy peat, from low flooded areas to uplands and in acidic to neutral soils. Sago palm has been neglected and unfortunately, very little is known about the sago palm proteome. This study aimed to determine the best protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and its comparative analysis.ResultsTo perform good proteome research, the most critical step is to establish a method that gives the best quality of extracted total proteins. Five different protein extraction protocols: polyethylene glycol (PEG) fractionation method, phenol extraction method, TCA–acetone method, the combination of phenol and TCA–acetone extraction method and imidazole method were compared to develop an optimized protein extraction method for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis of Metroxylon sagu. The PEG fractionation method was found to give the most reproducible gels with the highest number of spots and highest protein concentration followed by phenol extraction method. The lowest number of spots was observed in the imidazole method. The PEG fractionation method provides improved resolution and reproducibility of 2-DE and reduces the time required to analyze samples. Partitioning Rubisco by polyethylene glycol (PEG) fractionation provides clearer detection of low abundance protein. Hence, the results from this study propose PEG fractionation as the effective protein extraction method for 2-DE proteomic studies of Metroxylon sagu.ConclusionIn this study, the PEG fractionation method is considered as the best extraction method for 2-DE proteomic studies of Metroxylon sagu in terms of yield, gel quality, spot numbers, and quantities of proteins.

Green sago starch nanoparticles as reinforcing material for green composites

This study reports a new method of fabrication and application of “green” starch nanoparticles (SNPs) from local sago (Metroxylon Sagu) starch granules employing a high-pressure homogenization procedure. This approach is environmentally friendly, highly feasible, low cost and chemical-free with large-scale production capacity. In this work, SNPs' morphological, particle size and thermal properties were studied. The effects of SNPs concentration (ranging from 0 to 8% w/w) as nano-fillers in composite films’ barrier, transparency and contact angle were also investigated. Our results have shown that the fabricated SNPs exhibited excellent uniformity and spherical shapes. Addition of SNPs have demonstrated to enhance polymeric structure of nanocomposite film due to decreased water vapour permeability and increased contact angle. Sago SNPs as fillers pose an excellent prospect in green composites fabrication for material and biomedical purposes with potential application as carriers for drug delivery.

Towards better use of Indonesian peatlands with paludiculture and low-drainage food crops

The current drainage-based peatland management systems in Indonesia result in high fire risks, soil subsidence and CO2 emissions. This study aims to assess different alternatives of peatland crops in order to help prevent further degradation of peatlands in Indonesia. We focus on tropical peatland crops that provide food and that are of particular interest to smallholders. We compare various peatland food crops that are commonly grown with no drainage (paludiculture) or drainage below 50 cm in our study area, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in terms of sustainability, profitability, scalability of the market and acceptability to farmers. Our results show that sago (Metroxylon sagu), banana (Musa paradisiaca) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) followed by water spinach/kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica), kelakai/edible fern (Stenochlaena palustris), illipe nut/tengkawang (Shorea spp.), dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and sweet melon/melon (Cucumis melo) are the best options based on the aggregated scores for these criteria (but precaution should be taken when planting crops that require low drainage). Sago palm and illipe nut have the highest scores for both sustainability and scalability of market, whereas banana, pineapple and sweet melon have the highest scores in term of the scalability of market and acceptability to farmers. We also address key opportunities and bottlenecks for the development of paludiculture food crops and present recommendations for the implementation of paludiculture in Indonesian peatlands.

Development of sago (Metroxylon sagu)‐based colorimetric indicator incorporated with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) anthocyanin for intelligent food packaging

AbstractInnovation in colorimetric sensors to detect early signs of food spoilage is a growing interest in food safety and quality control. Currently available chemical dyes for sensor applications have concern because of their possible migration into food packaging and food in contact. In this study, a colorimetric indicator was developed using natural butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) anthocyanin with Sago (Metroxylon sagu) as polymeric film. The principle was based on pH shift due to chemical processes produced by microorganism causing anthocyanin color to change. The film was fabricated by solvent casting method and characterized by color change at different pH values, total water solubility, swelling rate, and morphological structure. Trials on chicken breast samples in various conditions exhibited that the film indicator responded well according to pH variation enabling a real‐time monitoring due to spoilage. Thus, our natural pH indicator with visible color variation allows for simple, economic and safe monitoring of perishable foods.

Complete chloroplast genome sequencing of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.): Molecular structures, comparative analysis and evolutionary significance

The sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is an underappreciated essential food crop of the century and is deemed to be the ultimate solution to future food security issues globally. To grasp a better comprehension on the molecular basis of sago palm chloroplast, a complete characterization of the 157,300 bp chloroplast genome sequences [encompassing 85,257 bp large single copy region (LSC) and 17,533 bp small single copy region (SSC), sandwiched by a pair of 27,245 bp inverted repeats (IRs)] was performed. The genome houses 113 unique genes: 80 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes and four ribosomal genes. The gene order, AT content and orientation of the M. sagu chloroplast genome closely resembles that of its congeneric species, M. warburgii. The distribution patterns of short and long repeats were also determined along with four highly variable regions, 216 mutation events [164 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 52 insertion/deletions (indels)] between the two Metroxylon genus members. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree had unravelled the close relationship of M. sagu, with its closest neighbour M. warburgii, together with other Calameae members like Pigafetta elata, Calamus caryotoides, and Salacca ramosiana. This study had dissected on the entire chloroplast genome of M. sagu and characterized the contents at the molecular level. It is anticipated that the yielded treasurable information will be channelled for species identification and evolutionary analysis within the Metroxylon genus in future.

In silico identification of three putative SWEET genes in Metroxylon sagu

Recent studies have identified Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEET), a novel type of sugar transporters in diverse plant species. This gene family selectively transports different kinds of sugar substrates, including sucrose, fructose and glucose. In this paper, three Metroxylon sagu SWEET genes (MsSWEET-X, MsSWEET-Y and MsSWEET-Z), predicted to be involved in starch accumulation, were identified from the NCBI EST database. A comparative analysis was carried out against Arabidopsis thaliana TAIR and Elaeis guineensis NCBI genome databases resulting in amino acid residues similarity of three MsSWEET genes of 21.32 to 76.25 %. One full-length coding sequence (CDS) of 229 amino acids from MsSWEET-X has been annotated as opposed to the partial CDSs from the other two. Three types of putative protein domains (Calreticulin, Glycosyl hydrolases and Triose-phosphate transporter) were predicted for MsSWEET-X, MsSWEET-Y and MsSWEET-Z, respectively. Multiple Alignment sing Fast Fourier Transform (MAFFT) has identified three conserved amino acid motifs (Motif-A, Motif-B and Motif-C) among three compared species. Phylogenetic analysis using Maximum-Likelihood Estimation has revealed two genes AtCRT3 and MsSWEET-X at the upstream of initial tree branches (0.17 and 0.12 length) showing their early evolutionary orthology. By contrast, MsSWEET-Y gene was predicted to be the latest homolog of SWEET16 and SWEET17 undergoing speciation events from both Arabidopsis and oil palm. Taken together, these results showed that even though the oil palm and sago palm shared the common ancestry of monocotyledonous family, their SWEET genes were divergent. The gene MsSWEET-X was highly close to its homolog in Arabidopsis.

The development of kacang goat based on the feed of Metroxylon sago pulp

Sago processing as local food continues, however, the sago pulp is not utilized optimally even unused so that there is a buildup of sago pulp waste which is increasing and can pollute the environment. This research aimed to investigate the potentials of sago pulp which could be used as the feeds of goat livestock, investigating the increase of the bodyweight of goat livestock; and investigating the effect of the use of sago pulp fermentation on the efficiency consumption, palatability, KcBK, given to kacang goat livestock. The research was conducted in Merauke Regency by using 12 kacang goats. The research was conducted for 2 months from May through July 2018. The goats were given three types of treatments and were divided into four groups (T0 T1 and T2) with the following model: T0 as the control group and received 100% of grass, T1 as the control + 20% of sago pulp fermentation and T2 as the control + 30% of sago pulp fermentation. The method used was Randomized Block Design (RBD), and the Variance analysis was used to analyze the efficiency of the feed of sago pulp waste, the level of palatability, the digestibility of dry matters (KcBK), and the body weight gain of the livestock. And in order to look at the effect of the feeds before and after the treatments, a T-test was used. The research results indicated that the increases in the body weight of the male kacang goats treated with 20% and 30% were 7. 05 kg and 12. 3 kg, respectively. The treatments using the sago pulp fermentation at the level of 20% and 30% were lower (5.9 kg) of the 30% group and (4.48) of the 20% group, compared to that of the control group (6.7 kg), A significant difference was also shown between the body weights of the male goats and female goats (12.3 kg and 5.9 kg respectively. The feed consumption of the kacang goats in the 30% treatment was 28.930 gr better than the control group which was 22.370 gr, and the treatment with 30% of sago pulp fermentation was more efficient 13.1 % compared to the control group which had only 7.87%. The KcBK in kacang goats showed an increase of digestibly of the dry matter in the 30% treated male goats were significantly different (63.25%) compared to that in the 30% female goats (59. 40%). This proved that the addition of sago pulp fermentation given to the kacang goats could increase the body weight, feed efficiency, palatability level and therefore it could be used as the substitute feeds in the dry season.

Effects of heat‐moisture and alkali treatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of porous sago ( Metroxylon sagu ) starch

Pretreatment(s) of heat-moisture treatment (HMT) and alkali treatment was tested for the enzymatic hydrolysis of sago (Metroxylon sagu) starch. HMT was undergone by autoclaving the sago starch at 120°C for 60 min. While sodium hydroxide pellets (0.60% [w/w starch dry basis (d.b.)] to 50 g of sago starch) were applied as the alkali treatment. Dual pretreatments were also evaluated. The dextrose equivalent values of porous starch with alkali pretreatment (31%), HMT (37%), and dual pretreatments (42%) were significantly higher than those of non-pretreated porous sago starch (21%). Greater porosity of pretreated starch granules (0.91–5.19 µm) was also obtained. The thermal properties (gelatinization temperature) of porous starch with pretreatments were improved compared to the non-pretreated porous sago starch. In addition, the pretreatment(s) also improved the oil adsorption capacity of the porous starch. Dual pretreatments were an efficient way to facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis in preparing porous sago starch. Practical applications Porous starch is in high demand as a natural carrier for food applications such as flavor retention, food structure improvement, and extension of food shelf life. The porosity of the starch provides higher surface area and better immobilization to food ingredients, especially as a functional food. The abundance and lower cost of sago starch added the preference. Hence, the main purpose of the study is to produce highly porous sago starch granules with enhanced surface area to fulfill the processing requirement of food industries. Thus, the effect of pretreatment(s) on sago starch using heat-moisture and alkali treatments prior to enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated. Both heat-moisture and alkali pretreatment(s) enhanced the enzymatic hydrolysis of sago starch and formed the intended porous structure. Porous sago starch has better absorption capacity and efficient oil adsorption. Besides, the thermal properties of pretreated sago starch were improved compared to the non-pretreated porous sago starch. Hence, the pretreated sago starch is the potential to be an excellent adsorbent. Overall, the outcome shows that the objective is positively achieved via the dual of the pretreatment(s).

Food-grade particle stabilized pickering emulsion using modified sago (Metroxylon sagu) starch nanocrystal

Starch nanocrystals (SNC) have become the focus of exponential growth to develop new materials that combined innovative properties and sustainability. In this study, the physicochemical properties of SNCs extracted from Sago starch and its role as a proficient Pickering emulsifier were highlighted. Round and oval-shaped Sago starch nanocrystals (Sago-SNC) were obtained by using a conventional acid hydrolysis method. Sago-SNCs produced about 25 ± 0.2% (w/w) of the total mass yield with the mean droplet diameter ranging from 25 to 100 nm. The peak-to-peak correlation of IR analysis confirmed that there was no new chemical bond formed in Sago-SNC in comparison to native sago starch. The result from the X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the SNC has a crystallinity of 45.67 ± 0.43%. Further investigation made has discovered that the physicochemical properties of Sago-SNCs including water holding capacity, swelling power, solubility, pasting profile and thermal properties were significantly changed as all amylose was removed during the hydrolysis process. For the application and stability evaluation, Pickering emulsion prepared by using 3.5% (w/v) Sago-SNC performed good stability, appearing with no sign of creaming during two months of storage at room temperature. The results demonstrated that this natural-based nanocrystal may potentially be used as a stabilizer, filler, and emulsifier for colloidal systems.

Chemically treated Borneo sago (Metroxylon sagu) starch reinforced poly lactic acid bio-composites

Properties of Borneo sago starch reinforced poly-(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were evaluated, with attention to the effects of treatment with acrylic acid, benzene diazonium chloride, and tetrahydrofuran. The PLA-sago composites treated with tetrahydrofuran had the highest tensile strength, with a maximum value of 0.85 MPa at 20 wt%; whereas the PLA-sago composites treated with benzene diazonium chloride had the highest modulus of elasticity, with a maximum modulus of elasticity of 28 kPa at 5 wt%. Scanning electron microscopy images of the surfaces showed good interfacial contact between the PLA and the sago starch treated with benzene diazonium chloride. The Fourier-transform infrared spectra revealed the functional group characteristics of the chemicals composition of the materials. According to the thermogravimetric analysis results, all of the composites displayed thermal stability up to a temperature of 300 °C. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that the poly lactic acid-sago composites treated with benzene diazonium chloride had the highest melting point.

Yield and physicochemical properties of starch at different sago palm stages

Sago (Metroxylon sagu) starch used in the current study was derived from palm separated into Plawei Manit, Bubul, and Angau Muda growth stages. The three palm stages were characterized by separation into a top and bottom part of the trunk. The present study was conducted to determine the total sago starch production, particle size distribution, color, swelling power and solubility of sago starch as influenced by different palm growth stages. The total starch calculated by determining weight different before and after drying process was ranged from 55 kg to 155 kg with the bottom palm produced higher output than top palm. The particle size distribution analyzed using Particle Size Analyzer for D4,3, D3,2, D10, D50, and D90 were distinctive for sago starch isolated either from top or bottom part of palm stages and the value found to be between 21.53 µm and 56.56 µm. Color parameter of L*, a*, and b* as determined from Chroma Meter showed significantly different (p < 0.05) color tone for three growth stages with the results ranged from 80.70 to 94.81, −0.81 to 1.34, and 5.35 to 8.48, respectively. The swelling power as calculated from ratio of starch after centrifugation and solubility of starch computed from weight percentage after drying were ranged from 13.14 to 18.85 and 5.63 to 8.07. The swelling power and solubility displayed higher results in sago starch obtained from bottom palm as swelling power larger in Plawei Manit whereas solubility was greater in Bubul growth stage. Sago starch isolated from bottom segment of sago palm showed higher results for yield, particle size, swelling power and solubility than top section of trunk. This study can be used to categorize different quality of sago starch and enhance its value for addition into suitable commercial application.

Selective Fermentation and Prebiotic Index of Sago (Metroxylon sagu) Resistant Starches Type III by Rat Fecal Cultures

One of the criteria for prebiotic substance is its selective fermentation by beneficial gut microbes. Previously, sago resistant starch type III (RS3) produced from Metroxylon sagu starch had been proven to resist digestion by gastrointestinal acidity and enzymes. In this research, sago RS3 was evaluated for its selective fermentation and prebiotic potential by fecal cultures. Sago RS3 was incubated with fecal microbial cultures for 72 hours at 37°C and samples were measured for microbial growth, prebiotic index, organic acid concentration and β-glucuronidase activity during the fermentation. Commercial prebiotics FOS (fructooligosaccharides) and inulin were used as comparison. Sago RS3 was selectively fermented by fecal beneficial lactobacilli and bifidobacteria while decreasing the growth of detrimental bacteroides, clostridia and enterobacteria. The prebiotic index of sago RS3, FOS and inulin was +12.19, +9.45 and +6.82, respectively. The butyric acid molar concentration in media with sago RS3 was comparable with FOS and inulin, and low activity of β-glucuronidase was detected in medium with sago RS3. Sago RS3 exhibited prebiotic characteristics comparable with commercial prebiotics and their potential prebiotic function is worth for further in vivo assessment.

Structural and rheological properties of modified sago starch (Metroxylon sagu) using treatment of steam explosion followed by acid-hydrolyzed as an alternative to produce maltodextrin

ABSTRACT The effects of steam explosion (SE) treatment, acid hydrolysis (AH), and the combination of steam explosion and acid hydrolysis treatment (SE+AH) on structural and rheological properties of sago starch were investigated. Steam explosion (SE) is a hydrothermal pre-treatment in high-pressure which caused the expansion of water vapor and hydrolyzing the material into low molecular weight. It is a potential method for changing the structural and functional properties by hydrolyzing the starch with low cost and environmentally friendly. Sago starch and distilled water (1:12) were added into a cylinder of SE reactor at 140°C. The slurry was exploded when the temperature reached. And then sago starch was hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid at 50°C, 60°C, 70°C for 1, 1.5, 2 h. The solubility, dextrose equivalent, hygroscopicity, viscosity, crystallinity, and rheological properties of acid-hydrolyzed sago starches (AH) were analyzed. Steam explosion (SE) treatment increased the solubility up to 40.1%; meanwhile, the combination of SE+AH increased the solubility up to 70.8%. While the viscosity decreased with increasing degree of acid hydrolysis (i.e. from 2155 cP to 27 cP). The results showed that combination SE+AH could be an effective method to produce maltodextrin. The combination of SE+AH at 70°C for 2 h has dextrose-equivalent value was increased up to 11.97 almost similar to the dextrose equivalent of maltodextrin. It changed the morphology and decreased the crystallinity up to 9.6%. Thus, SE+AH methods could be used to modify properties of starch for a specific product such as maltodextrin.

Sustainable production and utilization of sago palm resource

Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) is distributed in Southeast Asia and Melanesia, and it produces comparatively high yield of starch (more than 200 kg per plant). This species can grow in wetland swamps where other food crops cannot grow economically and adapt to problem soils such as acid or saline with low input. The Society of Sago Palm Studies and the authors have published books entitled “The Sago Palm: The Food and Environmental Challenges of the 21st Century (Kyoto Univ. Press 2015)” and “Sago Palm: Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods (Springer 2018)”. This paper provides a brief review on (1) characteristics of seed germination and preparation of planting materials utilizing germinated seeds, (2) symbiosis of sago palm and microbes (nitrogen fixing bacteria or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), (3) creating new value from pith waste after conventional starch extraction (recovery of starch, ethanol production or preparation of biodegradable foam from the waste) and (4) utilization of leaf or bark from our former publications and the achievements published in our journal ‘SAGO PALM’ or the proceedings of the International Sago Symposium to discuss sustainable production and utilization of sago palm resource in Asia and Pacific.

Physicochemical properties of resistant starch type III from sago starch at different palm stages

In this study, resistant starch type III (RS3) was produced from different sections, the top and bottom part of Metroxylon sagu palm at different growth stages namely, Plawei Manit, Bubul and Angau Muda. Sago starch was subjected for two cycles of autoclaving, debranching by pullulanase and cooling for the production of resistant starch. The physicochemical properties of sago RS3 studied were the starch morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), resistant starch content, amylose content, swelling power and solubility as influenced by different palm growth stages and sections. Significant differences in the resistant starch content between 23.89% and 41.62% as well as amylose content which yielded 27.22% to 35.74% from different growth stages were observed (p < 0.05). Granules of resistant starch showed irregular and rough surface structure as compared to smooth granular surface, oval shaped of native sago starch. There are significant variations (p < 0.05) observed in the results of swelling power and solubility from 7.98 g/g to 19.41 g/g for swelling power and from 5.63% to 15.10% for solubility from the different growth stages.

Changes in Growth and Starch Accumulation Processes of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) with Age in a Natural Forest in South Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia

Changes in Growth and Starch Accumulation Processes of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) with Age in a Natural Forest in South Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia

Demonstration of Making Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Crackers with Variations in the Comparison of Sago Flour and Wheat Flour to High School Students

The purpose of this study was to determine the learning outcomes of high school science students regarding the mechanical characteristic and chemical composition of food, especially sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) crackers through learning video. This research was conducted by experimental demonstration through pre-test, video demonstration, and post-test. In addition, the method of making sago crackers is done through the process of mixing the raw material, kneading the material until it is smooth, shaping crackers, and baking crackers. The results showed that the hardness of the sago crackers decreases with the amount of sago flour content. In addition, the students' posttest scores increased significantly. Demonstration videos can convey information or events effectively without having to experience it firsthand. This research hopes that the method can facilitate an abstract material transfer, train student skills, and improve students' understanding of chemical composition's effect on food's mechanical characteristics. The other hope of this research is useful as a reference to enable distance learning.

Genetic diversity of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) accessions based on plastid cpDNA matK gene as DNA barcoding

Abstract. Abbas B, Tjolli I, Munarti. 2020. Genetic diversity of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) accessions based on plastid cpDNA matK gene as DNA barcoding. Biodiversitas 21: 219-225. Metroxylon sagu Rottb is one of the plant species including in the Palmae family that deposits starch in the trunk. Sago palm was reported has high capability to produce a large amount of starch and large variation starch qualities which were mostly influenced by genetic factors. The objectives of this study are revealed sequence chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) associated with matK genes for the genetic diversity identification of sago palm accessions. Plant materials used in the studies were derived from Sago Research Center (SRC) collection. DNA extraction has adopted the procedure of Plant Genomic DNA Mini Kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed by using primer sets of MatK-1RKIM-f and MatK-3FKIM-r. DNA PCR product was sequenced by the 1st Base Asia, Singapore. Results of the study showed that the cpDNA sequence associated with matK genes in the genome of sago palm showed differences among accessions. Molecular diversities of sago palm accessions based on matK gene showed sago palm accessions separated into two genotypes. Genotype-1 incorporated of ten individuals of 15 accessions and genotype-2 incorporated five individuals of 15 accessions. A mutation site and deletion site occurred in the sequences of matK gene of the Genotype-2. Ten of the 15 sequences of the matK gene (belong to Genotype-1) were registered in the GenBank, NCBI as DNA barcoding and authenticity of sago palm germplasm from Papua islands, Indonesia territorials.