Welding Method Research Articles

Vibration Response of Metal Plate and Shell Structure under Multi-Source Excitation with Welding and Bolt Connection

There are many excitation sources and complex vibration environments in combine harvesters. The coupling and superposition of different vibration signals on the plate and shell seriously affect the working parts of the body. This also reduces the reliability of the whole machine. At present, domestic and foreign research on existing harvesters mainly focuses on harvesting performance, with less research on vibration characteristics. Therefore, in this paper, the vibration response of the metal plate–shell under the two connection modes of bolt connection and welding is studied, in order to optimize the design and structure of the plate–shell structure of the combine harvester and improve the overall performance. First, the welded and bolted plates are numerically modeled using Hypermesh pre-processing functions. Then, the boundary conditions are simulated by continuous variable stiffness elastic constraint experiments. Finally, the intrinsic vibration dynamic model of the four-sided simply supported plate and four-sided solidly supported plate is established using the modal superposition method. By analyzing the modal frequencies and vibration patterns, the following results are obtained. The connection method between the plate and the frame has a significant impact on the inherent vibration characteristics of the plate. The bolt connection will make the plate’s intrinsic vibration frequency higher than that of the welding method, but the effect on the plate’s intrinsic vibration pattern is more minor. At the same time, in order to verify the accuracy of the model, the actual modal vibration patterns and frequencies of the same proportion of plates in the modal test are compared with the results of modal vibration patterns and frequencies obtained by Ansys. The errors of the two dynamic model analytical methods are within 1% and 3%, respectively. This result verifies the accuracy of the dynamic model of the metal plate and shell structure under different connection methods.

Study of the impact of TIG welding parameters and post-weld heat treatment on the bending properties of AISI 1020 steel welded joints

Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) is a welding technique that stands out due to its high precision, controlled heat input, and equipment’s cost-effectiveness. TIG welding is utilized to join various grades of steel. Presently, numerous research studies are actively seeking to improve the quality of welded joints, focusing on aspects such as strength, ductility, formability, appearance, and corrosion resistance. These improvements are achieved through the modification of welding methods and/or welding parameters. In this investigation, welding current and gas flow rate were selected as input parameters. Additionally, PWHT at 700 °C for 1.5h was applied to relieve the residual stresses occurring during the welding operation. The objective of this investigation is to examine how the welding current, gas flow rate, and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) affect the bending properties of welded joints. The bending test was conducted to assess both the bending resistance and bending strain of the joints. The bending resistance increases to attend a maximal value of 790 N and the bending strain decreases to 7.1%, with the welding current and the gas flow rate due to the high heat input and cooling rate. The applied PWHT decreases the bending resistance by 11% and increases the bending strain by 18%, due to the decrease of the joint’s hardness.

Welding bulk metallic glasses: Processes, key challenges, and future directions

Considerable scientific effort has been devoted to comprehending welding processes and establishing correlations between structure and properties in crystalline metals and alloys’ welded joints. However, welding of bulk-metallic glasses (BMGs) presents unique challenges. The weldability of these glasses is complex due to their lack of long-range order and high propensity to crystallization. BMGs are joined through either supercooled-liquid-phase or liquid-phase welding techniques. To maintain the integrity of the glassy structure, it is imperative to meticulously control the welding temperature and duration during supercooled-liquid-phase welding to prevent crystallization or ensure a sufficiently rapid cooling rate in liquid-phase welding to suppress solidification. In most cases, the presence of crystalline phases adversely affects the mechanical and physical properties of the joints. This review article describes and critically analyzes the key aspects influencing BMG welding and the correlations between the welding conditions and BMG joint properties. The fundamental knowledge to understand the welding of BMGs is presented, and the many welding methods used are discussed. The review also offers recommendations for various opportunities and new directions for advancing the field of BMG welding.

A new approach based on a concurrent cooling method during GTAW and DC-LSND welding to mitigate residual stresses in Al 6061-T6

Welding often induces residual stresses and undesired distortion in components. The negative impacts of these detrimental residual stresses have prompted researchers to explore methods for preventing or mitigating these stresses. Altering the temperature history can influence residual stress, and employing cold or heating techniques during welding has the potential to reduce harmful residual stress. In this study, the dynamically controlled low-stress no-distortion (DC-LSND) method with TIG welding was utilized to reduce the residual stresses in Al alloy 6061-T6. The methodology was simulated using Abaqus software, and the simulation results were validated with experimental data. The Al alloy served as the base metal, alloy (ER-4043) as the filler, and dry ice as the coolant. In the finite element analysis, the longitudinal residual stress at the center of the weld line in TIG welding was calculated to be 77 MPa. In the DC-LSND welding method, this value approached zero. Experimental measurements revealed residual stresses in the center of the welding line to be 183 MPa in conventional welding and 130 MPa in DC-LSND welding. According to the DC-LSND results, a 100% reduction in residual stresses was achieved in the finite element method. In the experimental test, a reduction of approximately 30% in residual stress was observed. The method developed in this research is recommended for application in welding metals and alloys where phase changes do not occur.

Residual mechanical properties of butt-welded ultra-high-strength steel(Q890 and Q960)after fire exposure

At present few studies have considered the mechanical properties of welded ultra-high strength (UHSS) steel after fire. In this paper, two kinds of ultra-high-strength steels Q890 and Q960 are selected as research object, and the GMAW welding method is used to connect them. An experimental study is conducted to reveal the mechanical properties of welded UHSS specimens after exposure to different high temperatures. The butt-welded UHSS and the corresponding base metal specimens are firstly heated from 200 °C to 1000 °C. After natural cooling to room temperature, the specimens are then subjected to a tensile test, and the stress-strain curves and different fracture modes are obtained. The results shown that temperature, HAZ and softening effect have an impact on the fracture mode and mechanical properties of butt-welded UHSS. Secondly, the variation law of elastic modulus of butt-welded UHSS with increasing temperature is similar to that of UHSS base metal. However, as the temperature increases, the corresponding weakening rates of yield strength and ultimate strength are significantly lower than those of the base material. Finally, based on the experimental results, prediction equations for the reduction factors of mechanical properties indicators of UHSS (base metal and welded) and HSS after fire exposure are proposed, and a comparative analysis is conducted with the existing methods. The results shown that the predictive equations proposed in this paper can more accurately calculate the mechanical properties reduction factors of UHSS (base metal and welded) and HSS after fire.

Eliminating Cu-rich intermetallic compound layer in dissimilar friction stir welding of 304 stainless steel and 2219 Al alloy via ultralow rotation speed

The formation of the Cu-rich intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the interface has always been the critical bottleneck of welding steel to 2xxx series Al alloys with high Cu content. In this study, we successfully eliminated the Cu-rich IMC layer by using a modified friction stir welding (FSW) method under an extremely low rotation speed of 200 rpm. At an appropriate thickness difference of the welded plates, defect-free FSW joint of 304 stainless steel to 2219Al alloy with high tensile strength of 210 MPa was obtained, and the sample failed in the 2219Al side rather than at the interface. It is found that a continuous Al-Fe-O amorphous layer of ∼10 nm in thickness formed at the steel-Al interface, and only few Al2Cu IMC particles existed at the interface. The Al2Cu particles were blocked by the amorphous layer and cannot directly contact the steel, consequently realizing the excellent metallurgical bonding between the steel and 2219Al alloy. It is anticipated that this work will provide a feasible strategy for fabrication high-quality dissimilar joints between steel and 2xxx series Al alloys, which can broaden the application of steel-Al joints in the industries.

Corrosion behavior of austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based welded joints in underwater wet welding

Marine structures such as ports, bridges, pipelines, vessels, and platforms are an essential part of modern infrastructure, where the use of higher-strength steel provides savings in logistics and construction. However, the repair of higher-strength steels can be challenging, especially underwater. Wet shielded metal arc welding is the most widely used and least expensive method for underwater welding repairs, but is very susceptible to hydrogen-induced cracking. Thus, researchers and welding engineers aim to reduce the amount of hydrogen in the weld material. Recent success has been achieved through the use of austenitic welding consumables, such as austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based electrodes. The use of these consumables drastically reduces the amount of diffusible hydrogen in the weld metal. However, these austenitic materials usually have different corrosion potential as compared to the structural steel the weld beads are applied to. This creates the risk of severe galvanic corrosion. In the presented study, the corrosion behavior of welds created with austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based electrodes were studied. Samples were aged for 1.5 years in the Baltic Sea. Simultaneously, the effectiveness of corrosion protection systems such as coating and Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) were evaluated. Localized corrosion occurred in the heat-affected zone when austenitic electrodes were used in the corrosive environment. The localized corrosion depth after 1.5 years in the Baltic Sea and in the salt spray layer was approximately 250 µm and 390 µm, respectively. The ICCP system and the use of a coating were effective in preventing localized corrosion. The low pitting corrosion density of 2.5 × 103 m−2 corresponds to grade A1 according to the standard and was found to be negligible as compared to the localized corrosion in the heat-affect zone.

Programmable, Self-Healable, and Photochromic Liquid Crystal Elastomers Based on Dynamic Hindered Urea Bonds for Biomimetic Flowers.

Recently, researchers have been exploring the use of dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs) in the construction of exchangeable liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) for biomimetic actuators and devices. However, a significant challenge remains in achieving LCEs with both excellent dynamic properties and superior mechanical strength and stability. In this study, a diacrylate-functionalized monomer containing dynamic hindered urea bonds (DA-HUB) is employed to prepare exchangeable LCEs through a self-catalytic Michael addition reaction. By incorporating DA-HUB, the LCE system benefits from DCBs and hydrogen bonding, leading to materials with high mechanical strength and a range of dynamic properties such as programmability, self-healing, and recyclability. Leveraging these characteristics, bilayer LCE actuators with controlled reversible thermal deformation and outstanding dimensional stability are successfully fabricated using a simple welding method. Moreover, a biomimetic triangular plum, inspired by the blooming of flowers, is created to showcase reversible color and shape changes triggered by light and heat. This innovative approach opens new possibilities for the development of biomimetic and smart actuators and devices with multiple functionalities.

Comparative numerical analysis between butt and lap joints of Mg alloy friction stir welding with considering tilted tool effect

Magnesium (Mg) alloy, as an important lightweight structural metal, can be effectively joined by the friction stir welding (FSW) method. Understanding FSW temperature and material flow coupling process in butt and lap welding configurations has important theoretical significance. In this study, the tilted tool induced incomplete contact distance is calculated by process parameters and slip rate, and the deflection of the contact interface is related to the tool torque. The non-uniform boundary conditions are considered. The numerical model is proposed and experimentally validated by using the measured temperatures and thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) profiles. The comparative numerical analysis between butt and lap welding with three levels of process parameters is further conducted. The peak temperature and material flow velocity along the specified circumferences in FSBW are more than 10 K and 4 mm/s higher than these in FSLW, respectively. When the rotation rate increases from 600 rpm to 800 rpm, the peak temperature and material flow velocity along the specified circumferences increase about 20 K and 9 mm/s, respectively. When the welding speed decreases from 150 mm/min to 30 mm/min, the temperature and material flow velocity fluctuations along the specified circumference decreases about 25 K and 14 mm/s, respectively.

Active visual continuous seam tracking based on adaptive feature detection and particle filter tracking

Welding seam tracking based on online programming is the future trend of intelligent production. However, most of the existing image processing methods have certain limitations in the adaptability, accuracy, and robustness of weld feature point detection. The online welding method of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) based on active vision sensing is studied in this paper. The Steger sub-pixel detection method is used to guarantee the accuracy of feature point extraction, and a self-adaptive search window and self-adaptive slope extraction are proposed on this basis. The self-adaptive window is generated according to the linear information of the weld area, and the scale factor and range threshold constraint are added to realize the real-time detection of the weld feature information. Screening the center pixel of the laser stripe in the self-adaptive window of the current frame by the initial slope or the self-adaptive slope of the previous frame, the linear information of the weld area is obtained. The self-adaptive slope of the current frame is fitted by the random sampling consistency method, and the pixel margin is retained to adapt to the linear detection of different continuous welds. When arc light and other serious interference make it difficult to obtain weld information, a particle filter is used to make the best prediction of the weld position. Finally, the welding robot platform based on laser vision sensing was built to test various continuous welds of the butt weld, fillet weld, and lap weld. Experimental results show that the detection speed is 27 ms, and the accuracy of detection and tracking can respectively reach 0.03 mm and 0.78 mm, which meets the requirements of weld detection and tracking.

Effect of alloy 625 buffer layer on corrosion resistance of nickel base hardfacing

Nickel base hardfacing alloys serve to mitigate corrosion losses at elevated temperatures. Efficacy of Nickel base hardfacing alloys can be compromised when applied onto Fe base substrates due to iron dilution in hardfacing. The degree of Fe dilution can be reduced by using advanced deposition methods and optimized deposition parameters. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) method is commonly employed for its cost-effectiveness and versatility, but it tends to induce higher Fe dilution due to increased heat input. This study aims to reduce the degree of Fe dilution and enhance corrosion resistance by introducing a nickel base buffer layer (alloy 625) between the nickel base hardfacing alloy and AISI 316L stainless steel substrate. For comparative purposes, Ni base hardfacing alloy was deposited on the substrate without any buffer layer. Hardfacing depositions were prepared using manual GTAW process. Process parameters namely, deposition current, voltage, travelling speed, pre-heating temperature, and cooling method were kept constant. Samples underwent aging at 1123 K for 4 h, followed by microstructural examination via optical and scanning electron microscopes. Iron (Fe) dilution quantification was performed using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The EDS analysis showed that the use of buffer layer between the hardfaced deposit and the substrate decreased the degree of Fe dilution in the hardfaced deposit. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to identify various phases formed in the hardfaced deposit. Potentiodynamic polarization test was performed to assess the corrosion resistance of hardfaced deposit in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Results show significant improvement in corrosion resistance of hardfacings deposited sample with buffer layer as compared to those without buffer layer. Aging treatment further enhanced corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance data is correlated with the microstructure and phases formed in various samples.

THE EFFECT OF LASER OSCILLATING WELDING ON FORMATION AND PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM ALLOY

Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace and other fields due to their advantages of low density, high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. Laser oscillating welding is an innovative process in the realm of welding technology. In this study, two laser oscillating welding methods (circular and linear) were employed to analyze the influence of different oscillation parameters on the formation of titanium alloy. The results indicate that the oscillation frequency has a significant impact on weld formation. The laser scanning trajectory also affects weld formation, with circular and linear scanning trajectories resulting in better weld quality. Finally, the effects of oscillation modes on the microstructure and properties of laser oscillating welding titanium alloy were investigated based on optimized process parameters. Among them, circular laser oscillating welding of titanium alloy exhibits higher tensile strength, with a maximum tensile strength of up to 1188.3[Formula: see text]MPa.

Investigation of high-temperature wear behavior of Ni-Mo alloyed hardfacing coatings applied on hot strip mill vertical rolls by submerged arc welding

In this study, hot strip mill vertical rolls made of AISI 4140 steel, commonly used in the iron and steel industry's hot rolling section, were coated with ER430 and E430+EC410NiMo using the submerged arc welding (SAW) method. The coatings were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), microhardness, and wear testing (room 24 °C, 300 °C, and 600 °C). XRD analysis showed that in the ER430 sample, the dominant phase was α-ferrite phase and a small amount of γ (austenite) phase observed, while in the ER 430+EC410NiMo sample, the α-ferrite phase was the dominant phase, but the γ (austenite) phase in the structure was more severe and additionally M6C carbide phase was formed. Coating thicknesses and microhardness values of ER430 and ER430+EC410NiMo coatings were measured as 1.5 mm and 3.75 mm thicknesses, and 533±42 HV0.1 and 473±35 HV0.1 respectively. The increase in hardness on the surface of coated specimens resulted in higher wear resistance compared to the uncoated specimens under all conditions. Regarding average friction coefficient values, coated specimens generally exhibited lower values, although in some cases, the average friction coefficient was higher. In the wear tests, the lowest wear volume losses occurred in the tests conducted at 300°C, while the highest wear volume losses were observed in the tests at 600°C. Upon evaluating the wear mechanisms, it was determined that adhesive and oxidative wear mechanisms were generally dominant in the coated specimens. At higher temperatures, oxidative wear mechanisms became more prominent. ER430+EC410NiMo coatings exhibited better wear resistance compared to ER430, which can be attributed to the toughness effect of γ (austenite) and M6C phases in these coatings. Consequently, it was concluded that applying powder deposition coatings onto hot strip mill vertical rolls made of AISI 4140 steel could enhance their wear resistance, thereby increasing productivity in manufacturing processes.

Reliable joining between MgAl2O4 and Ti6Al4V by ultrashort pulse laser

MgAl2O4 and Ti6Al4V, the greatly suitable materials for industrial application, are rarely explored to realize reliable bonding in current research. In this study, the transparent MgAl2O4 and Ti6Al4V were successfully bonded by innovative use of ultrashort pulse laser with ultra-high peak power. The high energy near the laser focus makes MgAl2O4 and Ti6Al4V mix and react with each other after absorbing the laser energy, thus realizing the bridge between them. The homogeneous mixing of all phases was observed in the joint and the newly generated Ti6O phase was identified at the interface. In addition, the effects of laser power and scanning speed on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint have been thoroughly clarified. This study creatively used femtosecond laser welding as a new mean to realize ceramic-metal joining, which shows great advantages in superior efficiency and precision compared with other welding methods.

Numerical simulation of efficient welding for thick plates in shipbuilding using simufact welding

In the welding process of medium-thick plates, it is common to create grooves and perform double-sided multi-pass welding. However, this approach leads to low welding efficiency and high costs. Hence, this study utilizes a groove-free, double-sided double-pass welding method to enhance welding efficiency and decrease shipbuilding expenses. A finite element model of groove-free submerged arc welding for medium-thick plates was established using SolidWorks software, and mesh division was carried out. Subsequently, numerical simulations of high-voltage, high-current double-sided double-pass submerged arc welding for medium-thick plates were conducted using Simufact Welding software. In the simulation, a mobile double ellipsoid heat source was utilized to replicate the dynamic alterations throughout the entire welding process. Subsequently, the temperature field of the welded material was computed. Finally, utilizing the temperature field results, the residual stress distribution within the welded material was computed through the thermal-structural coupling feature. The simulation results revealed a significant temperature gradient at the center of the heat source during the welding process, with a slower temperature change observed behind the heat source. Around 4000 seconds, the weldment cooled to room temperature. At this point, the thermal stress mainly concentrated around the weld seam. This numerical welding simulation serves as a crucial reference for designing welding process parameters and researching residual stress distribution. Consequently, it enhances welding efficiency in the field of shipbuilding.

Effect Of Heat Input On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Tig Welded Aisi 318ln Stainless Steel Plates

Duplex stainless steel is the type with the best corrosion resistance among all types of stainless steel. However, their cost is higher than other stainless steels. Therefore, it is more widely used in areas where the risk of corrosion is high. Therefore, the most common use of duplex stainless steel is in the petrochemical industry. In this sector, where chemicals with high abrasive power are used, duplex stainless steel is used for both the transport and storage of chemicals. Welding is an indispensable fabrication method in these applications. Therefore, there is a need for reliable welding procedures that will not adversely affect the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of these steels in the weld zone. In this study, the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the 3 mm thick SAF 2205 (AISI 318LN) duplex stainless steel welded joints fabricated by the gas tungsten arc welding method using an ER2209 filler wire were investigated. The microstructures formed in the weld area were examined in detail with an optical microscope. The mechanical properties and welding performance values of the joints obtained were determined by tensile test and microhardness measurements. In addition, the effect of heat input on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints was also investigated.

Ultrashort pulse laser welding of alumina ceramic and titanium

The direct welding of alumina ceramic and titanium using ultrashort pulse laser was successfully achieved for the first time. Benefitting from the extremely high peak power of ultrashort pulse laser, ceramics can be melted at a very low laser power. The emerging welding method was conducted at room-temperature without the need for preheating. Within the joint, a combination of Ti and Al elements was observed. A newly formed TiO2 phase was identified at the Al2O3/welding seam interface. Under the optimal welding parameters (welding speed: 0.8mm/s, laser power: 19.52W), the joint achieved a maximum four-point bending strength of approximately 134.9MPa. This study proposed a new methodology for butt welding of ceramics and metals and shows a much higher efficiency than the commonly used ceramic-metal joining approaches such as brazing and diffusion bonding.

Microstructure and Mechanical properties of CMT welded AA6063-T6/B4C/ES metal matrix composite using ER5356 filler wire

Aluminium alloy 6063-T6 is a popular choice among different industrial sectors as it portrays various desirable properties like moderate strength, improved corrosion resistance, better weldability and formability etc. These advantages make AA6063-T6 a common choice for matrix in a metal matrix composite. Mostly conventional fusion welding methods like Metal Inert Gas (MIG) and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) seem preferable options for welding aluminium and its alloys but it remains a challenge to use them to weld aluminium metal matrix composite. A modified version of MIG i.e. CMT welding, can be explored to overcome the challenges. In this study, an aluminium metal matrix composite has been fabricated with AA6063-T6 as matrix and two reinforcements −one organic, i.e., Eggshell (ES) and one inorganic, i.e., Boron Carbide (B4C), using the conventional stir casting method. CMT welding has been performed on plates cut out from the composites. Microstructure, hardness, tensile strength and residual stress of weld joint of composite have been observed. From micrographs, it is observed that a finer grain has been formed at the Fusion Zone (FZ) in comparison to the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) and Parent Material (PM). XRD analysis at the fusion line has identified several intermetallic stoichiometric compounds (Al12Mg17, Mg2Si, CaMgSi, CaO, B2O3) and reinforcement B4C and CaCO3 within the matrix volume. The FZ exhibits higher hardness than the HAZ and the PM. Further, the tensile strength of the FZ exceeds that of the unwelded composite due to the presence of metastable strengthening phases of Mg2Si in the FZ, along with reinforcement (B4C and ES) particles. Residual stress analysis reveals tensile stress in the FZ and more compressive stress in the HAZ than in the PM.

Effect of heat input on the microstructure and hardness of AISI 321 stainless steel welds using ER 347 filler metal

Stainless steel is widely used in various fields, one of which is AISI 321, which is used for high-temperature applications because of its high resistance to creep and intergranular corrosion. The type of filler metal and heat input on stainless steel welds play an essential role in determining the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 321 stainless steel welds with variations in heat input. This study is expected to explore the performance of this weld joint, which can be anticipated in relevant fields. The welding method used in this experiment was Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) with ER 347 as filler metal. Welding was carried out on three samples with a heat input of 0.92 kJ/mm, 0.64 kJ/mm, and 0.52 kJ/mm, respectively. The tests included tensile strength, Vickers microhardness, and microstructure observations. The tensile test results showed that a fracture occurred in the Base Metal (BM) area, indicating that the strength of the weld joint was higher than that in the BM. The Vickers microhardness test results showed that the Weld Metal's hardness (WM) was the highest, followed by the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ) and BM. The welding experiment that used three variations in heat input demonstrated that higher heat input lowered the hardness of the weld joint. The microstructure observation results around the fusion line demonstrated the presence of step and ditch structures. The ditch structure indicates intergranular corrosion.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METAL-MINERAL ABRASIVE WEARRESISTANCE OF HARDFACING LAYERSPRODUCED THROUGH DIFFERENT METHODS

This article presents a comparison of the results of metal-mineral abrasion resistance investigations of hardfacinglayers produced through different welding methods: (i) arc, (ii) plasma, and (iii) laser. Flux-cored wirewith a metallic core (SK600-G) was used as a feedstock material. The work investigated the influence of basichardfacing parameters on the geometry, microstructure, and correctness of making single beads . Then, fulllayers were made with the parameters selected for each method and abrasion resistance tests were carried outin accordance with the ASTM G65 standard. The obtained test results were analyzed for mechanical propertiesand microstructure of the produced padding welds. On the basis of the tests and analysis of the results,it was found that the use of methods with high energy density has a positive effect on the reduction in thecoefficient of the share of the base material in the padding weld, while increasing the hardness. Comparativeanalysis of the resistance to metal-mineral abrasive wear showed that the resistance was approx. 25% higherfor plasma layers and approx. 35% for laser layers, compared to electric arc-deposited layers.