Method Of Mathematical Planning Research Articles

РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И РЕЦЕПТУРНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ НА ОСНОВЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ АВТОКЛАВНОГО ГАЗОБЕТОНА

The article discusses the possibility of regulation by changing the amount of aluminum paste, the temperature of the mixing water and the sides of mold for the expansion of molding sand of autoclaved aerated concrete. Also, the achievement of a given maximum temperature of the array, which determines the nature of the pore structure and physico-mechanical properties of products. Mathematical models for optimizing the physicomechanical properties of autoclaved aerated concrete by regulating technological and prescription parameters are obtained using the method of mathematical planning of an experiment. It is established, optimal parameters are the mixing water temperature of 40 ... 45 ° C, the amount of aluminum paste - 0.6% of the binder mass, the temperature of the sides of the form 85 ... 90 ° C, which creates favorable conditions for the expansion of the gas-concrete mixture and the combination of pore formation and set-up structural strength of the array, allowing to obtain an optimal porous structure with smaller and uniform porosity with a sufficiently low density and high strength

Pattern Recognition: Motor Skills Development in Girls Aged 15

The study objective is to determine physical exercises modes when developing motor skills in girls aged 15.Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 40 girls aged 15. To achieve the objectives set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical experiment planning, discriminant analysis. To achieve the objective set, the study examined the effect of different variants of performing exercises, specifically: the number of repetitions (x1) and rest intervals (x2) on mastering a press headstand technique. The girls aged 15 were divided into four groups according to the experiment plan. During the learning process, a method of algorithmic orders was used. The student could proceed to the next exercise only after a correct performance of the previous exercise on three consecutive attempts. The number of repetitions needed to teach exercises in each series of training tasks was recorded. The level of proficiency in the physical exercises performance was determined by the alternative method: “performed” or “failed”. A technically correct performance of the exercise gave the students “1” point; a failure to perform the exercise gave them “0” entered in the protocol.Results. The 22 type experiment made it possible to study the multifactorial structure of teaching the girls aged 15, using a program of algorithmic orders; to specify optimal correlations of factors for their use when teaching physical exercises during physical education classes; to collect data for the calculation of regression models of teaching separate series of training tasks and for discriminant analysis to obtain a generalized model of teaching an exercise in general.Conclusions. To select a generalized mode of exercises of the series of tasks when teaching girls aged 15 a press headstand and handstand, the first discriminant function can be used with an emphasis on the most informative variables.The regression equations obtained from the analysis of the 22 full factorial experiment data make it possible to specify and select the most effective modes of exercises for mastering separate series of training tasks.

Kinetic patterns and optimization of the process of concentration by freezing the blood of cattle

The urgency of the use of blood components as a raw material for the production of products from it that contribute to the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency states is beyond doubt. In addition, protein compounds in the blood of cattle have a high digestibility of the human body, and the complex of essential amino acids determines its attractiveness as an additive in the development of a wide range of meat products. The only possible way at present to thicken thermo labile blood compounds is cryoconcentration, carried out in a temperature range close to the cryoscopy temperature. The kinetic features of cryoconcentration of cattle blood were investigated on an experimental apparatus of cyclic action. It is shown that the conditions of cryoconcentration are determined by the boiling point of the refrigerant in the evaporator of the installation, the flow rate of the original blood washing the heat exchange surface and the content of soluble compounds in the initial liquid. Experimental data are presented in the form of growth curves of frozen ice on the heat exchange surface with an area of 0.2 m2. Using mathematical planning methods, equations are obtained that describe the amount of ice frozen for 1 hour per unit of surface area of the freezing plant, the specific energy input for freezing one kilogram of ice, and the dry matter content of the blood in the solution obtained by melting the frozen ice. The solved problem of optimizing the process of blood cryoconcentration made it possible to find rational intervals for changing the operating parameters of the freezing plant, ensuring the maximum amount of frozen ice, minimal energy costs and minimal content of soluble substances in the solution obtained by melting frozen ice. The suboptimal intervals of the indicated parameters were the following: refrigerant boiling point 256– 260 K, blood consumption (0.20–0.205)·10-3 m3/s, dry matter content 22.5–23.0 %.

Effect of Water-Binder Ratio and Complex Organic-Mineral Additive on Properties of Concrete for Marine Hydrotechnical Constructions

Large-scale construction of marine structures in the coastal and offshore areas of Vietnam requires the development of new compositions of hydrotechnical concrete and innovative technologies for the preparation of concrete mixes, as well as their transportation to the place of placement. A preliminary composition of heavy concrete was determined and its properties were studied. The effect of the water-binder ratio (W/B) and the effect of using the developed complex organo-mineral modifying additive consisting of fly ash (FA) of Vung Ang TPP, microsilica SF-90 (SF90) and polycarboxylate superplasticizer SR 5000F (SP) on the concrete properties. To process the obtained results, the method of mathematical planning of the experiment with the construction of a four-factor plan was used. As a result of the studies conducted, first-order regression equations were obtained depending on the objective functions - the mobility of the concrete mixture on the cone sediment, the compressive strength of concrete and the deformations of concrete on input factors - x1 (W/B), x2 (amount of SP), x3 (amount of FA) and x4 (amount of SF90). From the obtained regression equations, it follows that the water-binder ratio, as well as the content of superplasticizer, fly ash and microsilica in the composition of the additive have a significant impact on the mobility of concrete mixtures. When reducing W/B and the amount of FA, as well as the increase in the amount of SF90 (x4) concrete compressive strength in 28 days also increases. The result of this study showed the relative deformation of concrete also increases with an increase in the content of FA and reducing W/B and the amount of SF90. At the same time, the effect of the water-binder relationship is most pronounced. It can be assumed that, in the composition of the developed modifying additive, the particles FA and SF90 played the role of a kind of “sliding bearings” between the grains of cement, with which you can control the dispersion of cement and finely dispersed mineral grains in the concrete mixture, and hence its mobility and persistence construction sites in the coastal areas of Vietnam. In addition, SF90, containing 91.65% of amorphous silica, binds free calcium hydroxide to less soluble low-basic calcium silicate silicates, compresses the structure of concrete and increases its compressive strength.

DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL EXTRACTION CONDITIONS OF DANDELION HERB AND LARGE BURDOCK LEAF SPECIE BY METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL PLANNING OF A MULTIFACTORIAL EXPERIMENT

Introduction. Use of medicinal species at home entails some inconvenience. Therefore, it is topical to obtain phytopreparations, in particular dry extracts, from medicinal plant raw materials. This ensures the maximum yield of a complex of biologically active substances, and simplifies the way of its application, dosing and storage. The department of pharmacy of the Altai State Medical University has developed a specie of the following composition: dandelion medicinal herb and large burdock leaf (1:1). On the basis of this species, a technology for obtaining the dry extract is being developed. Variety factors influence on the output of a complex of biologically active substances from plant raw materials: the technological properties of raw materials, the methods and conditions for carrying out the extraction process, and the equipment used. Aim. To determine the optimal conditions for extracting a specie of dandelion herb and a large burdock leaf. Materials and methods. To solve this problem, methods of mathematical planning of a multifactorial experiment have been used: simplex method of mathematical planning, incomplete factorial experiment of type 25-2 for compiling the equation of the response surface, the method of steep ascent (the Box – Wilson method) along the response surface. Based on the theoretical basis of extraction, parameters and factors of process optimization were chosen, intervals of their variation are indicated. Variable factors – shredding, the ratio of «raw materials : extractant», time of maceration, temperature and the number of maceration. The extraction was carried out by remaceration, aqua purificata serves as extractant. The parameter of optimization was the exhaustion of the specie of extractive substances. Results and discussion. As a result of the simplex method, a number of studies were carried out until the area of the supposed optimum was reached. To describe the experiment in the region of the optimum and to compose the equation of the response surface, an incomplete factor experiment of the type 25-2 were put. A linear equation of the extraction process were obtained and the adequacy of the work of the obtained mathematical model is proved. To refine the extraction conditions and establish the optimal extraction regime, the method of steep ascent on the response surface was used. Conclusion. As a result of the experiment, optimal extraction conditions were established: crushing – 2 mm, ratio «raw material : extractant» – 1:10, time of maceration – 30 minutes, number of maceration – 3, temperature – 100 °С. These results will be used in the development of technology and the technological scheme for obtaining the dry extract of the specie.

Building Ceramics with Organic-Mineral Modifiers

The paper presents the results of the study dealing with improving the physical and mechanical properties of building ceramics samples: mean density, compressive strength, wear resistance, impact resistance, water absorption, thermal conductivity coefficient, and frost resistance. In the study the organic-mineral additive based on industrial wollastonite with the superplasticizer S-3 was used. The most functional amount of the applied additive, as well as the optimal volume of water in the molding mixture and the firing temperature were determined with the method of experiment mathematical planning. In the course of the studies the specifics of the organic-mineral additive influence on the properties and structure of building ceramics are revealed. The findings are attested by electron microscopy data. The application of the organic-mineral additive improves the performance characteristics of building ceramics samples.

Hydrochemical Investigation of Dissolving Sulfide Gold-Bearing Raw Material of Uderey Deposit

This article describes a method for the hydrochemical dissolution of a sulfide gold-bearing raw material from the Uderey’s deposit using nitric acid. The chemical and phase compositions of the studied material, mainly represented by compounds of silicon, sodium, arsenic, iron and sulfur, are investigated. Phase composition: pyrite, arsenopyrite, quartz, thenardite. The dependences of the influence of temperature, time, and the liquid to solid ratio on extracting the main components in the solution were determined by methods of mathematical experiment planning. The calculated values ​​of the determination coefficients testify to the adequacy of the chosen two-level model. The optimum parameters of the process were obtained: L/S ratio = 8; the nitric acid concentration was 6 M; experiment duration was 75 minutes.

Property Modelling and Durability of Composite Materials

Composite materials are considered as complex systems with corresponding system attributes. The necessity of studying the properties and structure of composite materials as a whole as systems connected by relationships that generate integrative qualities is pointed out. When synthesizing a composite, it is proposed to use the principle of simulability: a complex system is represented by a finite set of models reflecting a certain facet of its essence. This makes it possible to investigate a certain property or group of properties of a building material using one or several simplified (narrowly-oriented) models. Identification of new properties and entities is done on the basis of building up a set of simplified models (the reflection of a complex system as a whole is provided by the interaction of simplified models). Using the principle of purposefulness makes it possible to describe the quality of the material by some functionality for an integrated system. Internal causal relationships, the existence and function of the composite material (system) are based on the principle described physicality (any system regardless of the inherent physical laws of nature, possibly unique); no other laws are required to describe the operation of the system. The study of material properties is made on the basis of parametric identification of kinetic processes of formation of physical and mechanical characteristics of composite materials. For special purpose building materials, a number of particular criteria (properties) are determined, and their description is formalized using the principal component method (reducing the dimensionality of problems in assessing the quality of a material with simultaneous determination of a set of independent partial criteria). The results of the practical application of the method for evaluating the quality of composite materials with special properties are presented. Among the priority criteria were: strength, density and porosity of the material. Their dependences on the coded volume fractions of aggregate and filler were obtained by methods of mathematical experiment planning. It is shown that for most properties one can confine oneself to second-order differential models; each of the properties of the composite is considered as one of the particular criteria. Appendices are given to the development of composite materials for various purposes. Using the methods of control theory, an analytical description of the durability of the composite material is given; parametric identification is reduced to the determination of time constants in a second-order differential model, taking into account their dependencies on the prescription and technological parameters. Assessment of durability of a radiation protective composite taking into account dependences of the main properties on the prescription and technological parameters received on the basis of the generalized model is made.

Study of Influence of Parameters of Leaching Fluorine from Spent Pot Lining

In aluminium preparation by means of electrolysis of alumina-cryolite melts one of the largest-scale type of industrial waste is spent pot lining (SPL). Chemical composition of SPL carbon part consists of various elements with fluorine as the main one. One of the solutions of the problem of reducing environmental load by means of storage of waste of this type is extraction of valuable components (such as fluorine), that can be used further for preparation of fluorine entities (cryolite, calcium fluoride), that are brought back to electrolytic process. We have held experiments on extracting fluorine from SPL by caustic liquor leaching under effect of ultrasonic oscillations on a pulp, increasing the degree of fluorine solubilization. By means of mathematical planning method of a factor experiment cross impact of three leaching parameters was stated, maximum concentration of fluorine ions in the solution (20.21 gr/dm3) was achieved in following conditions: NaOH concentration - 2%, solid-liquid ration - 6:1, process length - 90 min. The degree of fluorine extraction from SPL is 69.87%.

The research of operational temperatures of dump trucks tires

Oversized tires play a significant role in the mining process for ensuring continuous and safe operation of open cast mining equipment. The article presents the influence of large tires operating temperatures tolong life operation. The results of studies of the tire heating nature during the operation arealso presented. The regression models of studied multifactor processes of heating tires are obtained by methods of computational experiment and mathematical planning. The influence of the tread height at tire heating is evaluated.

Application of the method of mathematical planning in order to select the optimal composition of the gel composition

Application of the method of mathematical planning in order to select the optimal composition of the gel composition

ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МЕХАНІЧНИХ КОНСТАНТ ВКЛАДИШУ ДЕЙДВУДНОГО ПІДШИПНИКА

During operation, the main reason for the failure of agricultural, textile, metallurgical equipment is the wear of their tributaries. The use of polymer composite materials (PCM) instead of the traditional materials used in tribodes (bronze, steel, cast iron, etc.) can solve this problem: to increase the durability (10-20 times) and reliability (1.5 times) of the system. Aromatic polyamide phenylon is one of the most promising polymers for the creation of tribotechnical composites based on it. However, the lack of certainty of the effect of loading and sliding speed on the tribological indices of PCMs hinders their widespread introduction as parts of moving joints of equipment and mechanisms. The method of mathematical planning of the experiment - orthogonal central composite planning of the 2nd order of type 32 - investigated the influence of modes of operation on tribological properties of organoplastics based on aromatic polyamide phenylone brand C-1, reinforced with polyacrylonitrile (Lola), polyoxidesulfonamide (polyoxides). The factors that most influence the intensity of linear wear and the coefficient of friction of the developed materials are identified. It is established that the greatest influence on the wear resistance and friction coefficient of the organoplastics has a load, while the developed materials remain viable at the factor Pv = 3 MPa m2/s. Mathematical models have been found, in the form of second order polynomials, which adequately describe the dependence of the optimization parameters of the developed materials on the sliding and loading velocity, and will also allow to optimize the work of nodes, equipped with organoplastics. The influence of the operating modes (sliding and loading speed) on the tribological properties of organo-plastics reinforced with Lola, Oxalon, and Tanlon fibers was investigated by the method of mathematical planning of the experiment. Mathematical models have been found that will allow optimizing the operation of nodes, equipped with organo-plastics reinforced with Lola polyarylene fiber.

Optimization of parameters and modes of operation of the spiral-screw roller

The method of planning a two-factor experiment substantiates the optimal parameters and operation mode of the spiral-helical roller for compacting the soil in order to create its optimum density in the sowing layer, which ensures friendly shoots of the sown seeds of cultivated plants and their sustainable development. The studies were carried out using the provisions of the experiment planning theory and the main measurement methods written in the regulatory documentation. The quantitative factors of the mathematical planning method are the design parameters and operating modes of the press roller. The Vк (plan) was used for its optimization, and the density of the soil in the rolled layer was taken as the optimization criterion (response), which depends on the size of the ballast weight attached to the frame of the roller and the operating speed of the unit. The levels of variation of the factors are chosen so that their optimal values, calculated theoretically, fall into the center of the interval of variation. Using the obtained regression equations in canonical form, we obtained hypersurfaces of dependence of soil density in the sowing layer on the operating speed of the aggregate and ballast weights, as well as dependencies of two-dimensional sections of soil density. The center of the experiment lies within the scope of the experiment. The value of the optimum density of the soil in the sowing layer of 1,25 g/сm3 at a working speed of the unit of 7,6 km/h and a ballast weight of 42,4 kg was obtained.

Pattern Recognition: Physical Exercises Modes During Motor Skills Development in Girls Aged 14

The study objective is to determine physical exercises modes when developing motor skills in girls aged 14.
 Materials and methods. The participants in the study were 40 girls aged 14. To achieve the objective set, the following research methods were used: study and analysis of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical observation, timing of training tasks; pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical experiment planning, discriminant analysis. Results. The first canonical function explains 73.3% of the variation in results, the second function – 21.6%, which indicates their high informativity (r1=0.898; r2=0.743). The analysis of canonical functions highlights the statistical significance of the first and second canonical functions (λ1=.067; р1=0.001; λ2=0.346; р2=0.001). The first and second functions have a high discriminative ability and value of interpretation with respect to the general totality. The number of repetitions for mastering the first and fourth series of training tasks has the largest contribution to the first canonical function. This indicates that the exercises for developing motor abilities and teaching to control movement time and muscular effort influence the effectiveness of teaching a press headstand and handstand. The number of repetitions for mastering the second and third series of training tasks has the largest contribution to the second canonical function. This indicates that starting and ending positions, and actions without which the exercise performance is impossible influence the effectiveness of teaching a press headstand and handstand.
 Conclusions. The discriminant function structure coefficients show that the training program effectiveness is determined by selecting the series of training tasks and their performance modes. To choose the most rational mode of exercises of the series of tasks when teaching girls aged 14 a press headstand and handstand, the first discriminant function can be used with an emphasis on the most informative variables.

Studying the efect of nano­liquids on the operational properties of brick building structures

The study reported here has established that the ceramic facing brick is characterized by capillary porosity that increases indicators of water absorption and capillary pull, as well as efflorescence formation at its surface. In order to protect the surface of such a brick and to provide it with the improved performance properties, we have used hydrophobizing substances. We have determined experimentally that the application of the PMPhS- and AP-based hydrophobizing agents leads to a decrease in porosity by 1.2-1.3 times, in water absorption ‒ by 1.2‒2.3 times, in water absorption at capillary pull ‒ by 1.1‒3.2 times. Research into frost resistance has found that for the ceramic brick, covered with PMPhS, it increases by 15 cycles, and when treating a brick surface with AP ‒ by 20 cycles, compared to the untreated brick (F50). By employing an electron microscopy, it was determined that the alternating freeze-thawing leads to that the brick's surface, treated with PMPhS and AP, demonstrates the formation of microcracks (in this case, water absorption increased by 42 and 28 %). By applying a method of mathematical planning of the experiment, it was found that the most effective hydrophobizing substance is the modifier that contains the nano-Al 2 O 3 powder (a nano-liquid). It was determined that when treating the surface with a nano-liquid (the amount of nanо-Al 2 O 3 is 0.8 %), its water absorption decreases to 1.2‒1.6 %, its water absorption indicator at capillary pull ‒ to 0.08‒0.12 kg/m 2 ∙h 0.5 . Using a method of defectoscopy, applying the Karsten tube, it was found that water absorption for the brick whose surface was coated with a nano-liquid reduced from 0.15 to 0.002 ml/cm 2 , indicating a high level of hydrophobization. The electron microscopy method confirmed that the modification of the ceramic brick surface by the hydrophobizing nano-fluids makes it possible to compact the structure through the colmatation of pores and microcracks, which reduces the capillary pull of the brickwork. That also leads to the improved atmospheric and frost resistance of brick building structures. Thus, there is a reason to argue about the possibility of improving the physical and technical indicators of the brick building structure by modifying the surface of the ceramic facing brick by a nano-fluid

Building Ceramics Based on Carbonate-Containing Raw Materials

The results of the production of wall ceramics based on the composition of low-melting argillaceous raw materials - loam and fuel slag in an amount of 10-30% by the method of semi-dry pressing are presented. Pre-baking and calcining properties of clay materials are investigated, the results of x-ray diffraction analysis and differential thermal analysis of the raw materials are given. The results obtained by the method of mathematical planning of the experiment made it possible to develop a model of ceramic bricks of the racial composition, to construct empirical dependencies in the system «technogenic product-technological factor-property» and to establish the influence of the addition of fuel slag on the basic physical and mechanical properties of wall ceramics: strength, density, water absorption , shrinkage. The results of studies of the modifying role of the container glass in the processes of pyrogenic synthesis of clay-slag masses and its effect on the preparation of a ceramic shard of a racial composition with the required properties are shown.

The impact of basic boroaluminizing factors on diffusion layer thickness in low-carbon steels and its mathematical modeling

The paper presents the study of pack boroaluminizing carried out on steel 20 using mathematical planning methods. A mathematical model and nomograms showing the dependence of diffusion layer thickness on basic parameters factors of thermochemical treatment (technological factors such as temperature, treatment time and powder mixture composition) were obtained by means of conducting a full factorial experiment. The degree of impact which technological factors make on the final result and the ranges of their regulation are revealed. The temperature of pack boroaluminizing varied from 900 to 1000 °C, the duration of the process was 2-4 hours, and the ratio of the treatment components of B2O3 / Al was 40/60 to 50/50 wt-%. The metallographic analysis has revealed that the depth of the diffusion layer is from 80 to 260 μm, depending on technological factors.

Vanadium Electrorefining in NaCl–KCl–VCl2 Melts

Molten salt mixtures can be effectively employed for electrowining and electrorefining of relatively chemically active rare refractory metals having negative reduction potential. One of such metals is vanadium. However quality of the metal produced (impurities content and size of crystals in the deposit) and current efficiency in a standard vanadium electrorefining process does not fully correspond to the requirements. The current work was carried out aiming to determine the optimal conditions of operating industrial vanadium electrolysis baths. The experiments on vanadium electrorefining were carried out in a semi-industrial electrolyser made of stainless steel. Crude vanadium metal was loaded in an anodic basket made of molybdenum. The experiments were performed in dry purified argon atmosphere, and glassy-carbon or nickel crucibles were used to contain the melt. Vanadium-containing melts were prepared by dry chlorination of vanadium metal with subsequent absorption of chlorination products by fused salt mixtures. To stabilize vanadium(II) ions, the molten electrolyte was kept in contact with vanadium for 12–18 hours. Mean oxidation state of vanadium in the melt determined oxidimetrically was always close to two and didn’t depend on vanadium concentration. The method of mathematical planning of experiments was used to determine optimal conditions of electrolysis. Current efficiently was chosen as a response factor. Variable parameters and their intervals were chosen on the basis of the preliminary experiments and the results of kinetic studies. Current density, vanadium concentration and specific quantity of electricity were selected as variables. Temperature had no effect on the current efficiency and increasing temperature only resulted in rising vapor pressure of the melt. Therefore, temperature was not included into variable parameters. Anodic current density was kept essentially constant between 0.1 and 0.15 A/cm2. Such anodic current density allowed maintaining average oxidation state of vanadium ions close to two in the course of the experiments. The 23 full factor experiment was performed and the regression equation was obtained using the experimental results. All variable parameters were significant and the equation obtained was adequate. The influence of the quadratic term was insignificant. The response function was then obtained in the form of a dependence of the cathodic current efficiency on current density, vanadium concentration and specific quantity of electricity passed. The most suitable parameters of vanadium electrorefining were determined using this equation and the experiment under the optimal conditions was carried out, Figure. The total amount of impurities in the refined product was below 0.09 wt. % and the current efficiency equaled to 0.96 g/A∙h. Figure. High-purity electrolytic vanadium Figure 1

Thermal insulation systems for the Arctic

Approximately 20 percent of the territory of Russian Federation is located in the Arctic, there resides about 1.5 million people and about 30 large and medium sized cities are located. Another significant factor is the concentration in the territories north of the 67th parallel of a large number of developed and promising mineral deposits: oil and gas among them. In connection with the extraction and processing of natural resources, it is necessary to develop construction technologies in conditions of extremely low natural temperatures and permafrost. Construction in such regions is becoming one of the priorities of modern technological development, which provides for the creation of special construction systems oriented to the construction of high-risk facilities in the Arctic Circle. Such facilities include sea oil ships, oil and gas platforms, equipment for transportation of petroleum products, gas reduction units, and oil refining plants. In each of the above listed objects, it is necessary to correctly choose the insulation, which will ensure a high thermal insulation ability, and also be fireproof and durable. The research methodology outlined in the article is based on the method of mathematical planning of the experiment and statistical processing of its results with subsequent analytical optimization. Engineering interpretation of the results allowed to form a nomogram for the selection of technological parameters. The decisions, which became the subject of discussion in the article, are relevant for any region in which oil and gas production on the sea shelf and, especially, in severe climatic conditions develops.

Development of effective technique for the disposal of the Prunus armeniaca seed shells

We proposed a new technique for the disposal of solid plant waste in the food industry, specifically solid shell of Prunus armeniaca seeds, by oxidative treatment with a hydrogen peroxide solution in an acetic acid medium, which makes it possible to obtain effective sorbent materials. We investigated the effect of oxidant concentration and time of the process on structural and sorption properties of plant sorbents. The experimental-statistical models of the process were obtained by employing a method of mathematical planning based on the mathematical processing of acquired experimental data. The optimal conditions for conducting the process using the generalized Harrington desirability function were determined. It was established that the optimal parameters that make it possible to obtain effective sorbents with the yield, the content of cellulose, lignin, and the efficiency of extracting methylene-blue from an aqueous solution of 50.3 %, 58.2 %, 12.7 % and 91.4 %, respectively, are the concentration of peroxide hydrogen of 9 % and a process time of 120 min. The application of the proposed technology enables efficient disposal of solid plant wastes, and obtaining the sorbents with high sorption characteristics. Such materials could be used in environmental science to solve the problems related to the contamination of water bodies by organic compounds, as well as enterosorbents in medicine and veterinary medicine