Expert Evaluation Method Research Articles

Bayesian network safety risk analysis for the dam–foundation system using Monte Carlo simulation

Gravity dams are mostly located in alpine and gorge regions with complex terrain and geological conditions, facing challenges of large peak flows, developed weak structural planes, high-stress levels, etc. The determination of failure risks of different failure modes in gravity dams is closely related to structural characteristics, materials properties, and loading conditions. However, the failure risks in the traditional risk analysis methods are usually calculated based on the expert evaluation methods and statistical data, ignoring the uniqueness of dam characteristics, and leading to an unreasonable risk assessment. Therefore, an improved probabilistic risk analysis method for the dam–foundation system using Bayesian network (BN) and Monte Carlo simulation is proposed in this study, which considers the combined action of overtopping, foundation stability, and structural failure. Based on the Monte-Carlo method, the risk analysis of overtopping is proposed by considering the influences of peak flows and maximum wind speeds, and the dam–foundation system is developed by establishing response surface equations of performance functions. Then, the BN safety risk analysis method for gravity dams is formed. This improved method is applied in the GD gravity dam project and finds that the system risk is 2.10 × 10−3. The most critical failure factor is the foundation instability, and the importance and sensitivity analysis also proved it, implying the validity and reasonability of the proposed method. Thus, the BN safety risk analysis method for gravity dams enables an improved and more reliable estimate of dam risk.

Analysis of slag mode of blast furnace melting using model decision support systems

The article presents a balance model of the blast furnace process improved by the researchers from UrFU and PJSC “Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works” (MMK). It generally represents a system of deterministic dependencies characterizing the thermal, reduction, gas dynamic, blast and slag modes of blast furnace melting. The basic principle underlying the model is full-scale mathematical modeling. Indicators characterizing the properties of the final slag for implementation of normal slag mode of blast furnace melting (slag viscosity in the temperature range of 1350 – 1550 °C, as well as values of the slag viscosity gradients) were proposed. The slag viscosity gradient, along with the acceptable ranges of slag viscosity at different slag temperatures, are used in modeling the slag mode as limiting factors for the diagnosis of slag mode. Selection of the limit values of each of the ranges and the viscosity gradient is carried out by the method of expert evaluation. Structure of the model for calculating the parameters of the final slag is considered. Using a mathematical model of the blast furnace process, analysis of the slag mode of blast furnace melting was performed according to the actual indicators of their operation. It was established that desulfurizing ability of the slag is insufficiently used, as a result of which cast iron of reduced quality is smelted both in terms of content of sulfur and silicon. Change in characteristics of the slag mode, other things being equal, has a positive effect on gas permeability in the slag formation zone, reducing capacity of the gas and productivity of the blast furnace increase, as well as the consumption of coke decreases. The authors describe the results of design calculations of the MMK furnace performance indicators when changing the composition of loaded materials. Recommendations on the slag optimal basicity are given. Calculations showed that the optimal basicity of the final slag, which ensures its maximum liquid mobility, for operating conditions of blast furnaces of the combine is 1.04 – 1.05 for the CaO/SiO2 ratio and 1.30 – 1.32 for the (CaO + MgO)/SiO2 ratio.

Multi-objective optimization of aircraft landing within predetermined time window

This study presents a multi-objective optimization model to solve aircraft landing problem within a predetermined time window. Minimizing total fuel cost, minimizing total delays, maximizing throughput, and maximizing fairness are considered to construct the multi-objective optimization model. According to the different weights of objectives, the first-come-first-serve and simulated annealing are used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. The algorithms’ feasibility is analysed and a suggestion about how to get satisfactory solutions for all stakeholders is given through the expert evaluation method. The results show that the simulated annealing can get better solution than the first-come-first-serve when the number of flights exceeds 10.

Методичні підходи до визначення пріоритетних напрямків перевізної роботи операторів рухомого залізничного складу в сфері вантажних перевезень

In recent years decrease in volumes for all types, except imports by types of freight transportation by the railways of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring mutually beneficial cooperation between cargo owners and freight carriers in the field of railway transportation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine the priorities in the area of servicing freight owners by Ukrainian railways to ensure the validity of relevant management decisions by the railway rolling stock operators. In the study, we used several research methods – monographic, methods of comparison and systematization, the method of expert evaluation. Results: to achieve this goal, it is proposed to form an information base with a survey of cargo owners on the degree of their satisfaction with the management level of transport work on the railways. Such activities will help improve the system of monitoring the satisfaction of consumers of transport services. Methodological approaches to determining the priority directions of transportation of Ukrainian railways in the field of freight transport, which provide a monitoring system with an appropriate questionnaire and methods of processing results, were proposed. According to the survey results, the communication system between cargo owners and Ukrainian railways was diagnosed: almost 20% of cargo owners admitted that they have a shortage of cars to transport their goods; more than half of them are dissatisfied with the limited volume of traffic; only one in five respondents believes that the fare for the carriage of goods corresponds to the “price-quality” ratio; the validity of the size of the income rate is evident only for 14% of respondents. As a proposal for the management of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia,” we see it suitable to create a system of monitoring the degree of satisfaction of cargo owners with the level of service of Ukrainian railways in the field of freight transportation based on the survey. It is concluded that the application of the proposed approaches will determine the priority areas in the field of service of freight owners by Ukrainian railways and increase the validity of relevant management decisions.

Strategic management of the enterprise: analysis of sectoral determinants

The article proposes a methodology for determining and analyzing the determinant of the development of the industry, which makes it possible to formulate a list of applied recommendations for the formation of a strategy for the development of enterprises in the cable industry. The study uses a number of methods, the use of which allows us to explore the strategic prospects for the development of the industry, identify the determinants of development, evaluate them, and establish the nature of the impact on the activities of enterprises in the industry; highlight the structural and logical relationships between the studied factor conditions and development determinants, substantiate practical recommendations on the formation of a development strategy for enterprises in the industry. These methods include: methods of analyzing time series, methods of expert evaluation, the rhombus of state advantages by Porter, graph-analytical methods.The article provides statistical data on the volume of the world market for cable and wire products, identifies the main manufacturers and exporters of cable products. Trends in changes in the volume of production and sales of cable products in the world and in Ukraine are studied, in particular, the prospects for the development of the industry are substantiated. The main determinants of the development of the cable industry are determined, which are systematized and studied by the rhombus method of national advantages by M. Porter. Based on the method of expert assessment, a linguistic assessment of the established determinants is carried out, and the nature of their influence on the activities of enterprises in the industry is determined; the structural relationships between the studied factor conditions and development determinants are studied. The article provides arguments for choosing this particular methodological approach to analysis, which, on the one hand, makes it possible to ensure the complexity of the study - taking into account the systematic identification of determinants, the ability to take into account dynamic changes, determine the nature of their influence and track the structural and logical relationships between the studied factor conditions and development determinants. industries. Based on the results obtained, the author makes practical proposals for the formation of a strategy for the development of Ukrainian enterprises for the production of cable and wire products in the global and domestic markets.

Relationship between priorities of secondary schools authorities’ managerial decisions and change dynamics in educational outcomes

Introduction. The relevance of the research is driven by the need to explore the experience of schools that are able to achieve high results on their own in complicated social conditions. The purpose of the publication is to establish the relationship between the managerial decisions of school authorities aimed to overcome poor educational outcome risk factors and the change dynamics of educational results at school. Materials and methods. Thirty-eight experts were involved in the research (development of detailed model for low educational outcome risk factors, questionnaires for school authorities), along with 210 schools from 12 Russian Federation entities which stepped out of the category of schools with low educational outcomes over the last 5 years. The method of group expert evaluation, morphological box method, questioning, interviews and comparative analysis were used. Results. A detailed model for poor educational outcome risk factors was designed (15 risk factors, 104 detailed items); a questionnaire for school authorities (5 sections, 504 items) was developed, as based on the said detailed model. It is possible to conclude on the basis of the research results: the school authorities deem the factors related to resourcing of educational activity to be the top-priority risk factors accounting for poor educational results (property, material and technical resources, human resources). Most of managerial decisions (77%) are aimed to overcome them. Of least priority (27%) is the factor relating to motivation of educational organisation authorities to improve educational results. The median number of managerial decisions aimed at overcoming all risk factors was 52%. improvement in dynamics of schools’ educational results depends on priority given by their authorities to the risk factors aimed at ensuring favourable school environment and assessing educational outcomes. The number of managerial decisions intended to overcome these risk factors at schools demonstrating “positive and significant dynamics” of educational results is 23% higher on the average than in other surveyed schools. Conclusion. The research results prove the effectiveness of describing the experience of schools through the system of managerial decisions aimed at overcoming the risk factors connected with poor educational outcomes. The established interrelation allows school authorities to adjust managerial decisions with a view to improve educational results dynamics. The detailed model of risk factors is applicable for studying teachers’ mobility, providing methodological support for “weak” schools, creating simulation exercisers for school authorities.

The cost of formation and problems of effective realization of labor potential in Ukraine

Purpose. To substantiate the theoretical and methodological provisions and develop practical recommendations for organizing and effective labour potential fulfilment. Methodology. The authors used a number of methods: comparative analysis (in performance analysis and sectoral structuring of labour potential), computational and constructive (in a comprehensive study on organizing and fulfilling labour potential), economic analysis (to assess the cost of labour potential in priority sectors), effectiveness evaluation of investment in human capital (to assess the return on labour costs), expert evaluation methods (in assessing the priority of sectoral components of the economy), tabular (to illustrate research results), abstract-logical (to draw the conclusions). Findings. The article studied an evolutionary way of organizing the labour potential category. The expedience has been proved to consider systematically the labour potential category under the modern conditions of social and economic development and with a combination of economic, technical-technological, intellectual, budget and resource-based, social and environmental components. The authors present their own vision of system justification for the labour potential category concept. The article studied the process of organizing labour potential in terms of the human capital theory and summarized the classification of investment types in its formation and development. A comprehensive analysis of the current condition was performed and key issues were identified with regard to labour potential in Ukraine. Negative tendencies of reduction of the number of employees in all types of economic activity and gradual reduction of the number of vacancies in many specialties and professions were revealed. The analysis of the intersectoral differentiation of the average monthly salary level in Ukraine for the period 20142021 was carried out. Trends have been established concerning training of specialists in the fields of knowledge, as well as the process of forming their potential. Originality. The authors proposed and tested the methodological approach to an estimation of conditions for organizing and fulfilling labour potential, including the following methodological techniques: calculation of investments in organizing labour potential; assessment of labour potential effectiveness in the sectoral structure of the economy, taking into account the payback period of costs associated with its development. The efficiency of the use of labor potential in the sectoral structure of the economy of Ukraine is assessed and directions for its increase are suggested. Practical value. Calculation of investments in the formation of labor potential for a number of priority sectors and areas of the economy of Ukraine is performed. It is established that in most areas of training and areas of activity there is a lag in the average wage from the annual (monthly) income, which could be obtained by implementing the alternative of investing not in the formation of human capital of future bachelors and masters, and in placement of funds in the banking system. The results can be used both in research and in the practice of management to manage the formation of labor potential in terms of sectors of the economy of Ukraine.

Comprehensive Evaluation on Teachers' Knowledge Sharing Behavior Based on the Improved TOPSIS Method.

Knowledge sharing among teachers is one of the important ways to improve their teaching and research ability. From the perspectives of teachers' knowledge sharing willingness, knowledge sharing ability, knowledge sharing environment, knowledge sharing technology support, knowledge sharing effect, and so forth, this paper constructs a teacher knowledge sharing behavior evaluation model, develops a knowledge sharing behavior evaluation index system, and proposes a comprehensive teacher's knowledge sharing behavior evaluation method based on the improved entropy-TOPSIS method. This is a comprehensive evaluation method combining subjective and objective weights, which avoids the subjectivity of traditional expert evaluation methods and other multilevel and multi-index weight determination methods and makes the evaluation results more objective, accurate, and more realistic. Finally, by taking the example of evaluating knowledge sharing behavior of teachers in a university of Chongqing, China, this paper verifies the feasibility and practicability of the proposed comprehensive teachers' knowledge sharing behavior evaluation system and method.

REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE OCCURRENCE AND SPREAD OF ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

Link for citation: Galkin A.N., Krasovskaya I.A., Pavlovsky A.I., Shershnev O.V. Regional analysis of the occurrence and spread of engineering-geological processes in the Republic of Belarus. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2022, vol. 333, no. 4, рр. 202-214. In Rus.
 The relevance. The issues of studying the scale of distribution and causes of engineering-geological processes in the Republic of Belarus are positioned as one of the priority issues among the wide range of geoecological problems. Obtaining such information allows identifying and analyzing the factors of human economic activity that impact the geological environmental state, identifying the emergence and presence of threats in urbanized territories, leading to decrease in the safety and living conditions of humans. The aim of the research is to analyze the causes and degrees of manifestation of the most noticeable in the regional plan engineering-geological processes occurring in Belarus. Objects: urbanized territories, mineral extraction and processing facilities, reclaimed land, phenomena and processes resulting from engineering and geological human activity. Methods: research and classification engineering-geological processes developing on the territory of Belarus; expert and comparative methods were used to systematize and analyze the main factors of their occurrence and development on the territory of the country, based on the results of earlier published works and present time field investigations carried out by the authors. Results. The author's expert evaluation and field methods of research have established that the most common factors of occurrence and activation of engineering-geological processes in the Republic of Belarus include: land reclamation, open-pit mining and subsurface mining, groundwater overexploitation, static and dynamic loads from structures and transport, engineering and human economic activities in urbanized areas, natural climatic conditions, and the genesis and composition of rocks. Engineering-geological processes and phenomena such as groundwater table drawdown, gravitational processes, local earthquakes, suffusion, frost heaving, flooding, and waterlogging are identified and characterized. The spread of engineering-geological processes and phenomena has both a local character within settlements and covers vast areas of dozens of square kilometers. As a result of the study, the mapping of sources of technogenic impact on the geological environment and the manifestations of engineering-geological processes in the territory of Belarus were compiled.

Structure and content of professional teaching competence of in-company teachers at industrial enterprises

Introduction.The concept of lean management, which is focused on optimising and improving manufacturing processes, can be applied to the management of in-company further professional training. Within this training, in-company teachers are more often called upon to teach enterprise employees. Thanks to this, education services are provided at short notice and their high quality is guaranteed at minimum expenses. However, this is possible only if the level of professional teaching competence of these in-company teachers is significantly high. At the moment, the structure and content of this competence are not justified didactically and are not regulated by normative documents. Given that teaching is not the primary job of in-company teachers, and most of them are not trained professionally as teachers, it should be emphasised that the problem of identifying and evaluating the most significant components of professional teaching competence for in-company teachers, the components being the goal of effective advanced education training, is highly relevant today.Theaimof this research was to present the structure and content of professional teaching competence for in-company teachers at modern industrial enterprises.Methodology and research methods. Competency-based, activity-based and qualimetric approaches have been chosen as the methodological basis of this research, as they help implement the principles of professional orientation, optimisation and advanced nature of in-company teacher training. The qualimetric approach is used as a leading approach which implies the use of the method of group expert evaluation to organise the teaching expert evaluation of the structure and content of professional teaching competence of an in-company teacher. The authors used pedagogical expertise procedures with the involvement of in-company training customers as experts: enterprise managers, trainees and training organisers. The selection of qualified experts in the field of in-company training was carried out by the methods of self-assessment and reasoning assessment.Results.The structure of professional teaching competence of an in-company teacher has been defined and includes the most significant components: gnostic, communicative, evaluative and design ones. These components specify the types and tasks of teaching activity at an enterprise and can guide the design of individual educational trajectories. The types of individual educational trajectories have been suggested to train in-company teachers (basic, technological, communication-based, and evaluation-based), which can be chosen based on their education level, professional experience and their level of motivation for teaching activity.Scientific noveltyof the study is in justifying the structure and content of professional teaching competence of in-company teachers by the expert method. These structure and content take into account the demands of employers for training such specialists at industrial enterprises, a special type of learners and the principles of lean management.Practical significance.The content of professional teaching competence components, which defines specific didactic goals concerning their development, can be taken into account when designing the training and professional development programmes for in-company teachers and planning their organisational and procedural guidance around their individual educational trajectories.

Effective Ways to Maintain the Physical Performance of Students during Distance Learning

The objective of the research was to test the effectiveness of the fitness program «WAY TO A HEALTHY LIFE». Indicators of morphofunctional and physical condition of students during quarantine restrictions were studied. The total number of respondents was 926 students (474 girls and 452 boys) from four higher education institutions in Ukraine. To implement the fitness program, the authors developed a model of physical education of students for the period of distance learning. To obtain the necessary information, we used general scientific research methods, namely: analysis of scientific and methodological sources, pedagogical modeling, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical observation, research methods of functional and physical condition of students, expert evaluation method, mathematical statistics methods, SWOT analysis. Five tests characterizing morphofunctional indicators were selected by the method of expert assessment (Stange test; Genchi test; body mass index; Ruffier-Dickson’s index; Harvard step test) and seven tests that characterize the indicators of physical development of students (exercises for arm strength; exercise for dexterity, exercise for speed; exercise for the development of abs; exercise for endurance, standing long-jump, Burpie’s test). The experimental research showed that out of five tests that characterize the level of development of morphofunctional signs of the body’s activity, the girls had improvement in four and the boys in three indicators. Other morphofunctional indicators remained at the previous level. Of the seven tests that characterize the level of development of different physical qualities, significant positive changes were observed in the performance of four exercises in girls and two exercises in boys, maintenance of the level of physical development occurred in the performance of two exercises in girls and four exercises in boys. Only the performance of endurance exercises in girls and boys showed negative dynamics. The SWOT-analysis showed the effectiveness of using the fitness program «WAY TO A HEALTHY LIFE» during distance learning.

Technology of Multilevel Interuniversity Indicators as a Factor for Increasing Academic Mobility. Experience Based on Russian Federal Educational Standards

Introduction. At the present time, more and more students are changing either their field of study or the university in the process of studying. This raises the problem of how to determine whether a student’s level of knowledge meets the host institution’s criteria. A simple comparison of competencies is not enough. Therefore, the authors propose a new system of comparing existing and required knowledge (competencies) at the new place of study. The purpose of this article is to present the results of research on the development and practical application of specific “competency trees” that allow for the automatic comparison and re-crediting of disciplines. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the methods of system analysis for weakly formalized problems: the method of expert evaluations and the method of the goal tree. For direct development the method of construction of binary decision trees was used. To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed method, methods of observation and comparison were used. Results. This article describes the specific steps for creating checklists based on multilevel competency indicator trees. The tables describe the four levels of competency acquisition. Based on the experiments carried out on the use of such tables for retake disciplines when transferring a student from one specialty to another, the following recommendations are made: if it is necessary to obtain a mark of the “Test” type in the Host University, the comparison is made according to the second level indicators; if it is necessary to obtain a mark of the type “Graded test/Test with a grade” in the Host University, the comparison is made according to the third level indicators; if it is necessary to obtain a mark of the “Exam” type in the Host University, the comparison is made according to the indicators of the deepest level for this indicator of the first level. The technique has been successfully tested for moving of a student within Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev-KAI between the academic programs Aircraft Engineering and Applied Mathematics and Informatics. Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed multilevel system of interuniversity indicators will significantly simplify the procedure for transferring subjects for students who are moved from one study program to another at any level – whether within one university, or between different universities of the Russian Federation. The use of an automated system for comparing the level of knowledge of a student when moving from one university to another will not only reduce the time of a student and teachers, but also eliminate the human factor, bias and subjectivity in the process of making decisions about transferring, and increase the transparency of this process. All this together will contribute to the development of academic mobility of students, increasing their competitiveness in the labor market and strengthening academic interuniversity relationships both in Russia and abroad.

The State of the Organizational Culture of Industrial Clusters in the Region

Introduction. The study of organizational culture of Russian companies as a tool of improving production efficiency has been actively carried out since the beginning of the XXI century. In this regard, the study of diagnostics of new characteristics of the organizational culture of enterprises and the prediction of their responds to changes in the external environment and management systems is an topical task. The aim of the article is to carry out sustainability diagnostics of industrial enterprises of the Republic of Mordovia based on new characteristics of organizational culture, as well as to determine the factors that have an impact on various socio-demographic groups involved in the clusters of the industrial enterprises. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted in 2019 using the expert evaluation method in accord with the adapted OСAI methodology. In the study 458 respondents of 7 industrial enterprises of the Republic of Mordovia were interviewed. The obtained expert evaluations were arranged and generalized in the framework of two groups of industrial clusters of the Republic of Mordovia. The clusters differed from each other by the types of their production and the number of employees. Results. The study shows that the economic and administrative-management status of the region have a major impact on the current organizational culture of the industrial enterprises. It was found that the current profile of organizational culture of the enterprises has not achieved a balance ensuring most favorable conditions for sustainable development. The desired profile of organizational culture of the regional enterprises shows the aspiration of employees, regardless of their job positions, to achieve the balance state. The study has revealed that administrative and management personnel are more stressed than production personnel due to the responsibility for the current and future state of the enterprise. Discussion and Conclusion. The research analyzes the influence of the specifics of the industrial activities of enterprises on achieving a balanced state of organizational culture as a condition for sustainable development. It shows that the development of organizational culture of industrial enterprises is affected by major regional influence consisting of a set of factors that characterizes the state of the economy, the regional labor market and the administrative management of the region. The implementation of organizational changes leading to an increase in the efficiency of the industrial activities of enterprises can be carried out on the basis of the results of this study. The article can be used by the heads of industrial enterprises of Mordovia to map an integral program for the development of the regional enterprises as efficient and fully-fledged participants of market economy.

Construction and Clinical Application Effect of General Surgery Patient-Oriented Nursing Information Platform Using Cloud Computing.

The paper aims to build a nursing information platform (NIP) for general surgery (GS) patients and explore its clinical application effect based on cloud computing (CC) technology. Specifically, the present work first analyzes and expounds on the characteristics of GS patients, the CC concept, the three-tier service mode of CC, and the cloud data center (CDC). Secondly, based on the principle of the overall system design, the evaluation indexes of medical care end, patient end, family end, and management end are constructed using Visual Studio 2010. Thirdly, the expert evaluation and user evaluation methods are selected to analyze the clinical application effect of the proposed system. Finally, SPSS is used to analyze the effect of the proposed system. The results of the first and second rounds of the expert evaluation show that the authority coefficient of experts is greater than 0.7, which indicates that the degree of expert authority is good. The proposed CC-based GS patient-oriented NIP system is universal. The evaluation results of 20 users have shown 15 doctors and nurses, 14 patients, and 18 family members, who mostly still support applying the proposed CC-based GS patient-oriented NIP system and believe that the system brings convenience and improves work efficiency. In short, more incentives should be taken to build a NIP for GS patients.

Healthcare Development Based on Public-Private Partnership: Opportunities and Limitations

Currently, the Russian healthcare system is in critical condition. And for many years, the limited financial resources of the state have significantly aggravated this problem. Therefore, it is necessary to search for effective ways to resolve this problematic situation. One of these methods is public-private partnership (hereinafter – PPP), which ensures the attraction of private investment in the healthcare system, contributing to the provision of high-quality medical services. The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities and limitations of the development of the Russian healthcare system based on PPP. The conducted research allowed us to draw conclusions, firstly, about the significant results in the development of the Russian healthcare system achieved through the implementation of PPP projects. Secondly, about the existence of tripartite opportunities for the development of healthcare based on PPP, identified through the use of a combined approach that combines the interests of stakeholders (a stakeholder approach) and a targeted orientation towards human development (a person-centered approach). Along with this, it is emphasized that there are a number of limitations that hinder the effective implementation of these capabilities. This implies the importance of implementing a number of practical measures, in particular: the development and implementation of a federal model and uniform standards for the implementation of PPP in healthcare at the regional level; assistance from the federal budget to the regions for the implementation of capital-intensive projects in healthcare; development and application of economically sound ways to return investments by generating income from the guaranteed volume of the customer base and the tariff of compulsory medical insurance. The methodological basis of the article is the general scientific method of dialectical cognition of economic and financial phenomena in their interrelation and interdependence. The methods of analysis, synthesis, expert evaluation and others are used in the work. The materials presented in the article can be used in decision-making in the Russian healthcare system in order to ensure its sustainable development using the PPP.

USING METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE FOR RESEARCH IN THE EDUCATION SPHERE

The article is devoted to finding out the possibilities of using modern scientific methods of scientific knowledge, in particular the method of expert evaluations, when identifying trends in the development of the educational space in Ukraine and developing directions for its adaptation to internal conditions and global challenges. The characteristic features of the development of higher education in the conditions of globalization of the educational space are revealed. Emphasis is placed on actualizing the issues of using a complex of modern methods of scientific knowledge in the analysis of the processes taking place in the development of educational activity, for the adopting of well-founded decisions. The method of expert evaluations is recognized as one of these methods, the advantage of which is the possibility to make decisions when objective methods cannot give the desired result. The research was carried out on the example of the educational process of students of the first bachelor’s level in three educational and professional programs “Marketing”, “Advertising in Business” and “Law” of the Lviv University of Trade and Economics on the subject of determining the degree of conformity of forms, methods of learning and teaching to the principles of academic freedom and student-centered approach during training. A special questionnaire with a wide range of questions and proposed answers was used to implement the methodology, and a point scale was established for the possibility of processing the received data. To process the obtained assessment data, the widespread universal Microsoft Excel software package was used. As a result, it was established that the need to combine study and work, an excessive amount of study load and an inconvenient schedule are important for applicants. At the same time, the issues of insufficient provision of educational and methodical literature, lack of interest in education or employment prospects are of no importance. It is substantiated that the application of expert methods allows to carry out a quantitative assessment of the level of influence of factors on the education of students in educational and professional programs, and such an assessment can become the basis for further improvement of the educational process.

IMPLEMENTASI PEMERIKSAAN KEBOLEHGUNAAN MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH PENILAIAN PAKAR DALAM FASA PENILAIAN MODUL ROBOT M-SOLAT

The evaluation phase is one of the essential phases in the study of Design and Development Research (PRP). Various methods can be used in this phase. Nevertheless, a researcher must choose a reasonable method to secure the achievement of the objectives. Accordingly, this research implemented the usability testing evaluation of the M-Solat Robot Module using the expert panel evaluation method. The instrument employed in this study was the USE Questionnaire which was analysed using the Percentage Calculation Method (PCM). The outcomes confirmed the usability of the M-Solat Robot Module in terms of usability = 90.2%, ease of use = 88.4%, ease of learning = 90.1% and satisfaction = 91.7%. The usability testing evaluation using the expert panel evaluation method in this study enabled the researcher to accomplish the study objectives. Ergo, this analysis recommended that prospective researchers use expert panel evaluation in usability testing evaluation for studies involving usability screening evaluation of innovation.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE TESTING IN GENERAL ENGLISH UNIVERSITY COURSE FROM TEACHER AND STUDENT PERSPECTIVES

With most switching to distance education due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19, the efficacity of assessment is a major concern. The research was aimed to analyze how Moodle learning management system (LMS) can be applied to online language testing, study the effectiveness of online testing and compare the students’ and teachers’ attitude towards online testing in General English university course. Online tests were administrated as a synchronous component of the distance learning to 857 first-year bachelor’s degree students of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” (Ukraine) by 20 teachers during the 2020-2021 academic year. A mixed research design was employed, which involved collecting data using an online questionnaire completed by students and teachers anonymously as Microsoft Forms; Excel spreadsheets were used for the analysis afterward. A quantitative descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the students’ and teachers’ satisfaction with online testing. The expert evaluation method was prioritized to define the expediency of the effectiveness of the online test by the specified criteria and indicators based on the judgments expressed by 7 experienced teachers who are competent in test design. In addition, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to compare the results of an online test and oral exam. The qualitative research method allowed to analyse and interpret data of the experimental learning. Based on the results of our study, we can conclude that different types of Moodle LMS questions can be successfully applied to online language testing as part of course assessment at the university level. The paper argues that online language testing can be effective and relevant to course objectives from both students’ and teachers’ perspectives with positive washback on education. The results of the study can be employed by university teachers for language course design both for distance and blended learning.

Improving a procedure for determining the factors that influence the need of higher education institutions for specialists of the highest qualification

A method for calculation of coefficients of the impact of factors on the need for specialists of the highest qualification was proposed. The method is based on expert evaluation methods, in particular, on determining the importance, degree of realization, and tendency of factors that affect the need for highly qualified specialists. The method implements the unit of data reliability verification based on the Kendall coefficient of concordance and Pearson criterion. The method applies an original approach to determining the competence of experts, in particular, by taking into consideration self-evaluation, mutual evaluation, and objective evaluation. The proposed method makes it possible to take into account the influence of factors on the need for specialists of the highest qualification with the possibility of forecasting. The totality of factors that influence the need for specialists of the highest qualification and the magnitude of their impact was determined. They were determined by calculating the indicators of each of the criteria regarding importance, realization, and tendency. Determining was carried out using the algorithm for calculating the coefficients of influence of the factors on the need for specialists of the highest qualification. In general, the following groups of factors were determined: conditions of scientific and scientific-pedagogical activity at a certain institution of higher education, the attractiveness of scientific and scientific-pedagogical activity in a certain country (region), development of industry (speciality). A group of 30 experts was selected to determine the numerical values of the factors, which satisfies the condition for achieving a confidence probability of 0.94. The results of the evaluation of expert judgments revealed that the most influential factors are: social protection (0.87), budget for higher education (0.99), remuneration (0.9), and prestige of scientific and pedagogical activities (0.91). The least influential are: the number of primary positions in the area (0.48) and self-realization opportunities at a higher education institution (0.58).

Factors, Increasing the Efficiency of Work of Maintenance, Repair and Operation Units of Industrial Enterprises

Abstract The article contains the analysis of factors influencing the efficiency of work of equipment maintenance, repair and operation (MRO) units of industrial enterprises. We have systematized various classifications of these factors, which were proposed in economic literature by different authors. We have divided the factors into following groups: general and local; primary and secondary; external and internal; major and non-essential; direct and oblique; reducing and boosting the expenses on equipment MRO and repair cost; production and non-production; depending on management and independent; economic, operation, organization ones; structural and production-technical ones; which are interconnected. It has been proposed to classify factors influencing the efficiency of equipment MRO units into five groups: economic, exploitation, organization, production-technical and structural ones. Using expert evaluation method, the factors have been divided into three groups according to degree of their influence on efficiency of work of equipment MRO units of industrial enterprises. The priority was given to the factors of the first group, having decisive influence on formation of efficiency. The most significant factors have been identified. In opinion of experts, these factors include: method of organization of work of equipment MRO service; level of economic autonomy of MRO enterprise in terms of organization of equipment MRO; financial and market situation of enterprise; the degree of repair complexity of production equipment.