Critical Discourse Analysis Method Research Articles

Critical Discourse Analysis on Islam Nusantara in Indonesia's Foreign Policy

The concept of Islam Nusantara is a concept and perspective of Islam that Nahdlatul Ulama promoted at the NU Congress in 2015. It is used to mention the indigenization of Islamic practice in Indonesia, often contrasted with Arabization. The discourse of Islam Nusantara which is developing well among the government, Islamic organizations, and the community is aging several pros and cons for Indonesia's domestic politics. Furthermore, Islam Nusantara is also often used as the trademark of Indonesia's foreign policy with countries in the Middle East. This study tries to explain how Islam Nusantara Islam as a discourse has been applied in Indonesia's foreign policy towards countries in the Middle East. The study primarily relies on a critical discourse analysis method.

Ideologization of Hijrah in Social Media: Digital Activism, Religious Commodification, and Conservative Domination

This paper studies the development of the movement and the meaning of hijrah in social media. Hijrah was originally understood as a process of leaving the past misguidance (jahiliyyah) and towards conditions that are in accordance with syariat. In its development, hijrah refers to a transformation of individuals who are less religious to more religious (Islamī). The form of this transformation can be seen from the choice of clothes, work preferences, and social relations models. The ideological process of the meaning of hijrah was carried out massively through social media. This is based on the search results on the internet about “hijrah” is more than other religious topics. This article answers how and why hijrah is interpreted and articulated by several digital activists. This research is qualitative research with a critical discourse analysis method combined with a digital hermeneutic approach. Based on research, digital activists who carry out the ideologization of the meaning of hijrah are preachers who have many followers on social media. Followers on social media are capital and modal in mainstreaming a discourse and idea. This article reveals that religious studies regarding hijrah on social media are not only related to understanding religious texts but are also part of religious commodification. In addition, the dominance of conservative groups is a fact that cannot be separated from the ideological flow of hijrah on social media.

Globalization, Global Political Economy and Technical and Vocational Education and Training: A Nexus

The paper explores the understanding of globalization, global political economy, and their relation with Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) by utilizing the critical discourse analysis method as suggested by Fairclough. Several themes, such as globalization, global political economy, political ideology, national and international labor market, TVET policy, and curriculum for skill development are identified and tried to make connections among them. The findings indicate that globalization and global political economy influence the national economic policy and demand for and supply of labor-related policy. Nepal is a major labor-sending country for foreign employment. Supply of labor is directly related to TVET. TVET has been contributing to the preparation of basic- and mid-level human capital. It indicates the production of semi-skilled human resources for the low-paid international labor market. There are many other issues, including occupation risk, exploitation, working condition, and social and cultural relations in the context of the international labor market. Current TVET policy and curriculum are not sufficient to address these problems.

Intersectional positionalities across gender, race, ethnicity and immigrant status in qualitative interviews

This article addresses the implications of intersectional qualitative interviews across identity categories of gender, race, ethnicity, and immigrant status. Responding to the research gap on the intersectionality in qualitative interviews and informed by the intersectionality framework, this reflective critical discourse study shares an analysis of two interviews conducted by a female minority researcher. Using the analytic methods of critical discourse analysis, the study examines how the interviewer and interviewee enacted, resisted, and negotiated diverse positionalities and power imbalance within the interview space. Particularly, the analysis demonstrates the researcher’s challenges, vulnerability, and mitigating efforts in resisting the powered position taken by the interviewee in light of gender, race, and immigrant status. It also reveals how identity convergence allowed the participants to inhabit the space as collaborative insiders despite the tension in other layers of intersection. Methodological dilemmas and implications for intersectional interviews will be discussed.

Online civic engagement through social media: An analysis of twitter big data

The development of social media and internet networks has stimulated new scientific interest in terms of online civic engagement, resulting in a redefinition of deliberative politics and the public sphere. On the other hand, all aspects of human life today have been translated into big data and recorded in their activities on social media. The shift from using humans as the unit of study to using algorithms creates a new problem for academics in social science. This online civic engagement research aims to find out the topic of discourse for digital citizens in the discourse of moving the nation's capital city (IKN) and what the ideology behind the discourse is by utilizing Twitter big data. This study used a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design type. The quantitative method used is topic modeling with the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) technique, while the qualitative method used is the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method from Norman Fairclough, who sees language as a practice of power. Findings from the topic modeling analysis revealed that there were four themes in the IKN discourse: agreeing to move the state capital, objecting to move the state capital, supporting the discourse on moving the state capital, and the fourth theme, law and eradication of corruption. From the results of critical discourse analysis, it is known that there is a diametrical division in the IKN issue as a result of identity politics that emerged after the 2014 Presidential Election. In every discussion on the IKN discourse, there is a conflict between Islamic populism and Nationalist-Secular populism.

Wacana Otonomi Seksualitas Perempuan: Sisilism Menolak Standar Ganda

Sexuality is an entity that is fluid and socially defined over a particular space and time. As a discourse, power/knowledge relations basically define sexuality. This research aims to explain how Sisil conveys the discourse of female sexuality on her Sisilism YouTube channel. Sisil and her YouTube channel became the subject of this research, and her formal object is the discussion of female sexuality in Sisilism videos. This research has the purpose to understand how the discourse of sexuality became an arena of the struggle for the practice of power/knowledge. The videos discussing women's sexuality published from 2016- 2022 were selected as a collection of texts that were analyzed using the Critical Discourse Analysis method described by Norman Fairclough. Through text analysis, discursive practice, and social practice, this study explains that female sexuality is shaped and produced through the discourse of the autonomy of female sexuality. The discourse shows Sisil’s agency to reject the double standards of women's sexuality that exist in Indonesian society and she's embracing it by adopting postfeminist concepts of gender and sexuality as a signal of women's liberations.
 Keywords: female sexuality, Critical Discourse Analysis, resistance, autonomy, postfeminism

КОГНІТИВНО-ПРАГМАТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ІНАВГУРАЦІЙНОЇ ПРОМОВИ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА РЕСПУБЛІКИ КОРЕЯ ЮН СОКЙОЛЯ ВІД 10 ТРАВНЯ 2022 РОКУ У СУЧАСНОМУ ПОЛІТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ

Background. The article is devoted to the contemporary Korean political discourse taking into account the cultural context, namely the high-contextuality and hermeneutics of Korean culture. Politically oriented texts are always an indicator of national values, because political thinking and linguistic specificity of public speeches are in close interaction. The political speech actualizes the religious and philosophical traditions of the Korean-Asian civilizational model, is characterized by a high level of formality, focuses on the use of language formulas, and unfolds narratives important for modern Korean society. Methods . It is through the systematization of all the above empirical data that the cognitive model of political discourse is outlined and the speech is defined as an integral process of interaction of cognitive, communicative and pragmatic factors, as well as a means of effective implementation of influence on the audience. In order to reveal implicitly expressed connections between language, power and ideology in the text of the inaugural speech of the acting president of the Republic of Korea, Yoon Suk Yeol, the method of critical discourse analysis was used. Results . Conclusions about the qualitative characteristics of political communication were made on the basis of quantitative data using content analysis. The suggestive potential of a political speech is realized through the structural and syntactic organization of the text - this is a special complex-wave rhythm based on the repetition and alternation of formal and lexical-grammatical elements and the functioning of dynamic text groups centered on key words. Conclusions . Determining the hierarchy of values relevant only within Korean culture, for which political discourse was created, is a primary task for decoding the inner content of political life, reproducing communicative intentions, and when analyzing the political discourse of East Asian countries.

The Influence of K-pop on Chinese Fans’ Gender Perspectives: A Comparative Analysis Based on BTS and Blackpink

As the platform economy continues to infiltrate all aspects of people’s lives, internet platforms have emerged as key arenas for the development of pop music. K-pop, a globally recognized pop culture phenomenon known for its globalized marketing strategies and stage performances that reinforce gender binary traits, is epitomized by BTS and BLACKPINK. These groups have significantly influenced the gender perceptions of their fans worldwide. This research employs the methods of textual analysis and critical discourse analysis to comparatively analyze two songs by BTS and BLACKPINK, their respective stage performances, and the comments of Chinese fans. The research reveals that BTS, as a male idol group, has transitioned from reinforcing traditional masculinity to expressing universal values. On the other hand, BLACKPINK, as a female idol group, despite incorporating elements of power and cultural hybridization, has yet to break free from the stereotypical image of women within the traditional binary concept of gender. The interplay between agencies’ globalization strategies and the participatory culture of fans has had a dual impact on the gender concepts of Chinese fans. Firstly, the dissemination of universal values has further expanded the cultural influence of K-pop. Secondly, the participatory fan culture has perpetuated the gender digital divide, which is a manifestation of post-feminist modernity in popular culture.

A Film Analysis On The Fact Of “Privacy” Changing From Panopticon Surveillance To Digitalized Surveillance: The Circle Example

Teknolojik gelişmeler ışığında sosyal medya ve sosyal ağlar insanların hayatında vazgeçilmez bir hal almaktadır. Bu yeni iletişim olanaklarıyla insanlar arasındaki iletişimin yönü değişmektedir. Günlük yaşama etki eden bu gelişmeler, insanların güvenli ve saklı olması gereken ilişkilerini kendilerini teşhir eden ve aleni ilişkiler yaşayan bir platforma dönüştürmektedir. Bu nedenle sosyal medyada ve dijitalleşen çağda mahremiyet olgusu değişmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada gözetlenen toplumdan gözetleyen ve mahremiyet alanlarının kamuya taşındığı ve mahrem algısının değişimi panoptikon ve dijital gözetim üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın analiz kısmında ise dijitalleşen dünyanın gözetim toplumuna etkilerini ele alan The Circle filmi eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemi ile incelenmektedir.

Vaccines, media and politics: A corpus-assisted discourse study of press representations of the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.

This study gives a corpus-assisted discourse study of the representations of the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in three representative newspapers from the US, Hong Kong, and the Chinese mainland: New York Times (NYT), South China Morning Post (SCMP), and China Daily (CD). The primary purpose is to explicate the dynamics between vaccines, media, and politics. Combining the theories and methods of critical discourse analysis and corpus linguistics, this study has revealed their preferential ways of constructing the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines at different levels of discourse. The safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines thus serve as an important ideological battlefield for newspapers from different origins to advance their respective national or regional interests and shape understanding of different COVID-19 vaccines in the international arena.

Representation of Religious Conflict in Local Media

The media always try their best to represent reality for their audiences, with the hope of retaining readers and increasing company revenues. However, in depicting the reality of religious conflict, the media often contradicts the norms, ethics, and code of ethics of journalism itself. The purpose of this study was to determine the representation of religious conflict in local media, namely the Ahmadiyah conflict in West Java, which was published in the Pikiran Rakyat in news coverage from 2010 to 2011. This study used Teun A. van Dijk's critical discourse analysis method. The results of the study show that Pikiran Rakyat represents the Ahmadiyah conflict in various ways, including dividing the object of its reporting into two camps, strong and weak, by branding Ahmadiyah as a deviant, banned, and disbanded organization. The strong side is an organization supported by the government, and the weak side is Ahmadiyah, which does not receive government protection and support. Pikiran Rakyat presents news sources in this religious conflict in an unfair and balanced manner, presenting more news sources from the majority than Ahmadiyah as a minority. Pikiran Rakyat also represents ways of resolving the Ahmadiyah conflict.

Репрезентация специальной военной операции в печатных СМИ в контексте консолидации российского общества

Introduction. Obtaining up-to-date sociological information about the specifics of the representation of the special military operation currently being carried out by the Russian Federation in the print media is actualized by the tasks of integration and consolidation of Russian society in a hybrid reality. Considering the media as the most important institution for the formation of public opinion, the authors rely on the theory of information society and communicative action, consider the informational and communicative sphere as determining in the construction of trends in the social and political process. Methods. The empirical study was conducted by the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis and critical discourse analysis in the period from 08/21/2022 to 10/21/2022. The general totality is 484 articles, the sample is 105 articles. Results and its discussion. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of publications, the authors identified 4 thematic clusters and their content characteristics: military reports (26%), events around the special military operation (SMO) (30%), partial mobilization (28%) and peaceful life under the SMO (16%). Using the method of critical discourse analysis, the dominant discourses replicated in the media (wars, victories, everyday life and normalization of the military situation, heroization of the SMO, sacrifice, struggle, unity), as well as the main strategies for the representation of the SMO were identified, the emotional load for each cluster was revealed. It is shown that the emotional tone of publications worsened before the announcement of partial mobilization in connection with the Ukrainian counteroffensive, became positively neutral after the announcement of partial mobilization and was further characterized by instability. On the basis of the discursive strategies identified, it is concluded that the dominant image of SMO as a just and liberating action, based on an appeal to the experience of the Great Patriotic War, determines the direction of integration of Russian society and its consolidation with the authorities. Possible risks of consolidation based on the restriction of the space of free discussion may be associated with a decrease in the level of trust in the authorities and an increase in the conflict of society in the future.

Misreading of Political Discourse During Transcultural Communication

AbstractMisreading of political discourse has attracted increasing scholarly attention. However, little research has been conducted to clarify the conceptualization and investigate the mechanisms of political discourse misreading during transcultural communication. To address this gap, the present study analyzed the China–US talks in Alaska and the Belt and Road Initiative discourse based on Hall’s “encoding–decoding” model and using the critical discourse analysis method. The analysis identified three types of misreading in transcultural communication. Cultural misreading refers to interpreting another culture in light of its cultural presuppositions, cultural traditions, and ways of thinking. Oppositional misreading consciously decodes messages by adopting an opposed logic and antagonistic interpretation as a result of differentiated political, economic, and cultural stances. Accidental misreading refers to unconsciously misinterpreting political discourse by accident. This study aims to advance our understanding of political discourse by revealing its misreading mechanisms and providing additional insights for future interdisciplinary research in the fields of political communication, transcultural studies, and applied linguistics.

Identity positions of the resisting student in the academic student resistance discourse

ABSTRACT How does the academic discourse of resistance in university classrooms write the identities of resisting students into shape? We answer this question by performing a review of the student resistance literature. Analyzing this literature, we apply methods of critical discourse analysis and identify six identity positions of the resisting student as construed by the academic discourse. Discussing how these different identity positions frame the ways students should be and act in the classroom, we show that the literature adheres to manifold identity positions. However, what we also observe is a closed and privileged discourse that serves to essentialize resistance in the students. The academic discourse neglects that student resistance does not reside in the mind and body of the students but is a socially constituted phenomenon. Furthermore, the literature promotes the discursive power of academics by largely overlooking the students’ voices as a group also involved in university teaching.

Online Abuse dan Narasi Hypermasculinity dalam Kasus Perubahan Identitas Gender Aprilio Perkasa Manganang

This study aims to determine the forms of Online Abuse and Hypermasculinity narratives that occur in Aprilio Perkasa Manganang’s gender identity change case. Online abuse comments are found on @kumparan and @ manganang92 Instagram account. The Hypermasculinity narrative is also found in the text of the video uploaded by @kumparan and some comments on the two accounts. The Online Abuse Wheel concept of Women's Media Center Speech Project is used to see forms of online abuse. The Hypermasculinity narrative is seen based on traditional masculinity stereotypes through gender roles and sex roles. This research uses Teun A. van Dijk's model of Critical Discourse Analysis methods. The result found that online abuse behavior as a whole, belongs to gender-based bullying category, while the Hypermasculinity narrative in the comments and video text uploaded by @kumparan can polarize the discourse of ‘real men’ and ‘feminine men’.

ALEVISM AND CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF NEWS ITEMS IN TUNCELİ EMEK NEWSPAPER

This study aims to analyse the articles and news on Alevism in Tunceli Emek Newspaper. In the study, news and articles about Alevism published in Tunceli Emek Newspaper between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020 were classified. The news items were analysed in terms of the subject and distribution of the news, the type of expression, the language of individuals and institutions, Alevi hearths (ocak), the discourses of the mothers and grandfathers (murshid, pīr and guide) who are the representatives of the hearths, and the representation of beliefs in the local press and the importance of these representations in terms of keeping cultural memory alive. It was analysed whether these news items reflect Alevism's cultural heritage and tradition. The extent to which these news items contribute to democracy and social development was also analysed. As a result of the study, the survival of Alevism in Tunceli, its transmission to new generations, the place of rituals and its importance in social communication and the transformations it has undergone today were emphasised. The articles about Alevism and news about Alevis in Tunceli Emek Newspaper, as well as the extent to which Alevi values are represented, were evaluated adopting Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis method. Keywords: Alevism, Tunceli, Alevi Belief, Tunceli Emek Newspaper, Hearths.

Yeni Irkçılık Bağlamında Yoksulluk Söylemi

Bundan yüzyıl önce Walter Lippmann zihnimizdeki resimlerden bahsederken medyanın tedirgin edici özelliklerinden birine dikkat çekiyordu. Günümüzde haber medyası, biz ve onlar arasındaki ikiliğe hizmet eden belirli önyargıları yaymaya devam etmekte ve toplumun belli kesimlerinin marjinalleşmesini normalleştiren bir söylem üretmektedir. Haber medyasının bu söylemi egemen ideolojiyi sürdürür ve yeniden üretirken belli kimlikleri belli resimlere hapsetmektedir. Kimliklerin bu önyargılı ve kalıp resimlere indirgenmesi ise yeni ırkçılığa hizmet etmektedir. Yeni ırkçılık, 21. yüzyılda resmileştirilmiş ayrımcılık uygulamaları olmamasına rağmen güç dengesizliklerini kolaylaştıran, normalleştiren ve doğallaştıran ve böylece kalıcı eşitsizliklere zemin hazırlayan kodlara, mantıklara ve ideolojilere verilen isimdir. Bu bakış açısıyla bu çalışma, yeni ırkçılığın yoksulluğu konu edinen haberlere nasıl sindiğini incelemektedir. Tıklanma oranı yüksek olan internet haber sitelerinde (Hürriyet, Milliyet, Sözcü) yoksullukla ilgili 18 haber Teun van Dijk’in eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemine göre çözümlenmiştir. İncelenen haberlerde yoksulların tehditkar, huzur bozan, saldırgan, sapkın, suçlu kişiler olarak temsil edildikleri görülmüştür. Haberlerin çözümlemesi, haberlerde yoksulluğun gündeme geldiği konu değişse de yoksulluğun temelde bireysel bir sorun olarak görüldüğü varsayımının yaygın olduğunu göstermiştir. İncelenen haberlerde yoksulların olumsuz bir şekilde resmedildiği ve aşağılandığı, baskın ideolojiye uygun olarak haberlerde yoksulluk sorununun makro düzeyde ele alınmadığı görülmüştür. Bu da “yoksul”- luğun bir kimlik olarak yeni ırkçılığın hedefi olduğunu göstermektedir.

Critical Discourse Analysis Studies in Customary Law Text of the Bima Land: Norman Fairclough Model

Ancient manuscripts are one of the historical relics that must be preserved in existence. Along with the development of science, the field of critical discourse analysis is increasingly in demand. But unfortunately, ancient manuscripts are still rarely studied with this field of imu. Therefore, this studyaims to present a critical discourse analysis on ancient manuscripts, namely the Bima Land Customary Law (HATB) manuscript belonging to the Bima (Mbojo) regional community in the province of West Nusa Tenggara. The presentation was delivered descriptively with Norman Fairclough's Model Critical Discourse Analysis Method. The research data is in the form of quotations of verses in the HATB manuscript. Data is collected by Listening Methods and Document Analysis Techniques. At the data analysis stage, the Norman Fairclough Model Critical Discourse Analysis is used by putting into practice all elements of its structure. In addition, data analysis activities utilize interactive analysis according to Miles and Huberman. Next, the data is presented by formal and informal methods. Based on the data analysis, it was shown that Fairclough divided the discourse analysis into three dimensions, namely text, discourse practice, and sociocultural practice. In the text of the Customary Law of Bima Land, these three things are integrated and sustainable. The manuscript was made by the people, because of the people, and in the interest of the people. The verses in the HATB text are representations of the relationship between man and God, man with man with other beings, and man with himself.

Conflicting Knowledge Paradigms: Competence Discourse and Disciplinary Reality in Social Sciences Teaching

The purpose of this study was to offer an inside look at the coexistence of different ways of conceiving and organising the knowledge of social sciences in current schools. To this end, the methods of autoethnography and critical discourse analysis were used in a case study focused on the teaching experience of one of the authors. The system of categories constructed allowed us to empirically verify the existence of a conflict between two major epistemological paradigms, competency and disciplinary, in clear correspondence with a gap between innovative educational discourses and traditional school practices. In the case analysed, this conflict led to a curricular over-dimensioning, which aimed to expand the elements to be worked on by teachers and their students qualitatively and quantitatively. The causes of this phenomenon are related to neo-liberal pedagogical parameters and allowed us to conclude that we should not conceive of competency-based learning either as an educational change by itself or as a strategy that guarantees change.

Mas Nganten's Discourse in Gadis Pantai Novel Works by Pramoedya Ananta Toer (Michel Foucault’s Critical Discourse Perspective)

The existence of the novel Gadis Pantai, is a form of a record of Pramoedya Ananta Toer's long journey full of information and factual data derived from in-depth research and experiences deeply rooted in his thinking so that it is interesting to study in the perspective of Michel Foucault's critical discourse. The approach used is a qualitative research approach with Michel Foucault's critical discourse analysis method. The steps taken are to identify to identify then analyzed and concluded. After being analyzed using these approaches and methods, the following results were obtained. First, the relationships of the Gadis Pantai with her parents show hegemonic-exploitative powers. Second, Bendoro's relations with The Gadis Pantai as Mas Nganten are the powers of inequality-exploitative, and meaninglessness. Third, The Gadis Pantai's resistance to Bendoro is a form of open resistance head-to-head due to the emergence of the Gadis Pantai's existential consciousness to fight for her right as a mother even though it ended in vain because the Gadis Pantai was powerless in the face of Bendoro's strong power. However, at least, Gadis Pantai has shown that women are not always the second sex, the other, let alone Mas Nganten, they also have rights and will always fight to determine their own destiny.