Methods Of Scientific Knowledge Research Articles

Institute of the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights: human rights vector of activity during the armed conflict

The article is devoted to understanding the role of the institution of the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights in the context of armed conflict, which is accompanied by a gross leveling of the category of «human rights» and devaluation of its existential essence, and as a result, this determines the strengthening of the institutional capacity of the Ombudsman of Ukraine in the context of the national human rights protection mechanism. The object of this scientific research is the functioning of the Ombudsman of Ukraine in the constitutional and legal dimension of human rights protection, and thus the subject of the study is limited to the peculiarities of the implementation of the human rights functions of the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights through the prism of the armed conflict. The methodological basis of the study is a system of general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, the most common of which are dialectical, formal legal (dogmatic), legal comparative method, legal hermeneutics method, as well as modeling, analysis and synthesis methods which were used to formulate certain definitions, proposed scientific approaches, and to develop certain positions based on the review of regulatory and legal material. Based on the results of this study, the author proposes to deviate from the statutory time limits for applying to the Ombudsman by persons who are in the temporarily occupied part of the territory in order to provide appropriate legal protection and guarantee consideration of applications from this category of applicants, and determines the moment when the time limits begin to be calculated, the feasibility of such an approach, and models different time limits. Interpreting the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On the Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights», the author proposes and deepens the understanding of «exceptional circumstances» for extending the time limits for filing an appeal during the armed conflict for no more than two years. The author draws attention to the state of practical implementation of the principle of institutional independence of the Ombudsman under martial law, notes the imperfect regulation of the direct principle in legislation and comes to a consolidated conclusion that it is necessary to regulate certain provisions of legal acts to ensure full establishment of the principle of impartiality and independence of the legal institution, and suggests options for eliminating conflicts of law.

Ideas and Methods of Cognitive Science in the Studies of International Relations and Foreign Policy

Ideas and Methods of Cognitive Science in the Studies of International Relations and Foreign Policy

THE THEORY OF TRANSFORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LEGAL REGIMES USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES: INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

This article is dedicated to the study of the theory of transformation of intellectual property legal regimes through blockchain technologies on an international scale. It focuses on three thematic blocks: firstly, defining the essence of blockchain technologies; secondly, analysing international blockchain technology standards; and thirdly, exploring variations in the use of blockchain technologies for the registration of intellectual property objects. The subject of the study is the social relations in the field of intellectual property and the mechanisms for their regulation. Methodology. The article employs scientific methods of cognition and doctrinal resolution of issues related to the use of digital tools in the regulation of social relations. This encompasses formal-logical and dialectical methodologies. A variety of empirical techniques, including synthesis, deduction, and statistical analysis, were employed. Results. The study reveals the absence of a direct indication of the use or intent to use distributed ledger technology, otherwise known as blockchain technology. The study demonstrates the significance of utilising blockchain technology in maintaining the customs register to account for intellectual property objects protected by law. This ensures the impossibility of unauthorised alteration or deletion of information about intellectual property objects, as provided by distributed ledger technology. These legal relations emerge in the course of entering information into the aforementioned registers, making modifications (updates), and providing information to interested parties. The use of blockchain technologies in the formation of the register of issued certificates of state registration of copyright for a work is justified.

State policy of Russia to promote youth employment under the modern challenges

Objective: to systematize and develop ideas about the improvement of the Russian state policy to promote youth employment. Methods: the work is based on the analysis of literature and normative-legal documents using general scientific methods of cognition. Results: the paper reveals the legal bases for the activities of Russian authorities in the field of promoting youth employment and developing labor market. It is shown that, despite the variety of measures, young people still face serious barriers to successful career starting and stable employment in general. The analysis summarizes the priority areas of action to overcome the most pressing problems, including: loose regulation of the status of a young specialist; limited statistics; low awareness of young people about the situation on the labor market; mismatch between the personnel produced and the current needs of the economy, etc. The conclusion emphasizes the importance to summarizing the accumulated experience and practical application of the most beneficial solutions, taking into account the specifics of the Russian labor market. Scientific novelty: the conducted research contributes to the development of theoretical and practical issues of promoting youth employment, including the deepening of ideas about the main barriers to stable employment and measures to overcome them. Practical significance: the study results can be used, first of all, in the practice of public administration at any level to improve the policy to promote youth employment.

History of housing policy’s formation and development in Ukraine

The purpose of this article is to reveal specific features of the history of the formation and development of housing policy in Ukraine from the ХІХ century to the present time has been researched. Obtaining research results became possible due to the application of general philosophical and special methods of scientific cognition. The factors that influenced the development of housing policy have been established. It has been clarified that the problem of providing housing historically was initially considered as the problem of an individual person, and only later – one of the issues of the state policy. Such key stages of the development of housing policy as the initiation of housing policy in the ХІХ century, the development of housing policy after the First and Second World Wars, modern challenges of housing policy have been analyzed. It has been emphasized that international standards and recommendations for the formation of housing policy were formed at the beginning of the ХХ century. It has been established that there was a large-scale reconstruction of the housing stock and the construction of typical multi-apartment buildings after the end of the Second World War. It has been emphasized that Ukraine's housing policy after obtaining independence in 1991 had undergone significant changes. It was confirmed by the massive privatization of housing by Ukrainian citizens and the growth of the share of the private housing stock. The authors have offered own periodization of the stages for the formation and development of housing policy in Ukraine, starting from the ХІХ century and up to nowadays. The importance of the historical approach for further development of housing policy, taking into account economic, social and political aspects, has been emphasized.

THE TAX SYSTEM OF UKRAINE: MODERN ASPECTS OF FUNCTIONING AND DIRECTIONS OF OPTIMIZATION

Objective. The purpose of the article is to study the conditions and results of the functioning of the tax system of Ukraine in the pre-war period and during the full-scale military invasion. Methods. The research was conducted using abstract-logical, graphical, analytical and other methods of scientific cognition. Results. During 2014-2023, the tax system of Ukraine underwent a number of improvements and reforms, which, despite the declared focus on improving efficiency, did not allow achieving the specified results. The improvement of certain aspects of the tax system was particularly active at the beginning of the full-scale invasion, when a number of stimulus laws were adopted to reduce the tax burden on the economy, consumers and entrepreneurs. At the same time, the level of budget revenues and the share of tax revenues in consolidated budget revenues and expenditures tended to increase in 2014-2021. Only in 2022-2023 did this figure decline significantly. However, the qualitative assessment showed that the overall level of the tax burden remained fairly stable throughout the study period and amounted to more than 30%. Such a high rate negatively affects the efficiency of the tax system, as it encourages taxpayers to violate tax laws and narrows the range of potential investors. Scientific novelty. Given the situation under study, the author proposes relevant directions for optimizing the functioning of the tax system of Ukraine at the present stage, taking into account not only economic (contextual focus on the relevant areas and sectors of the national economy), social (regulation of the actual effectiveness of the tax-free minimum) and political (openness of data on the directions and amounts of tax revenues, streamlining and harmonization of tax legislation, etc. Practical significance. Implementation of the above vectors of improvement of the tax system will allow stabilizing it at the stage of active hostilities and will be an impetus for further development in the post-war period.

Legal regulation of surrogacy: International experience, status and prospects for development in Ukraine

The use of assisted reproductive technologies in Ukraine is insufficiently regulated at the legislative level, which necessitates a study of one of the types of assisted reproductive technologies – surrogacy – and the legal basis for the use of this phenomenon in Ukraine. The purpose of this study was to clarify the status and identify the shortcomings of legal regulation of surrogacy under the national legislation of Ukraine, and to investigate the world practices of its development. To fulfil the stated purpose, the study employed general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, specifically, the formal legal method, the comparative legal method, and the method of functional forecasting. The study focused on the specific features of consolidating the institution of surrogacy in European legislation. The study found no unified international regulation of surrogacy relations, which leads to the existence of different approaches to their regulation in legislation. The study analysed the current state of national legislation on the use of assisted reproductive technologies through surrogacy and highlighted the existing gaps and shortcomings that need to be addressed. It was found that Ukraine lacks comprehensive legal regulation of surrogacy relations, which leads to contradictory opinions on the problem of using this type of assisted reproductive technologies. Based on the study conducted, conclusions were drawn on the need to amend the legislation of Ukraine regarding the use of surrogacy as a type of assisted reproductive technology. An analysis of the regulations of Ukraine suggests the need for a unified legal regulation of the surrogacy process. This analysis of the regulatory framework is of practical significance for further legislative regulation of legal relations in surrogacy matters

ISSUES OF PROVIDING GUARANTEES AND SOCIAL PROTECTION FOR EAEU LABOUR MIGRANTS

Background: Today, the Eurasian Economic Union (hereinafter the EAEU) has formed its own labour market; however, in the current international environment, issues related to ensuring the health protection of migrants and their access to employment persist. Despite ongoing efforts within the EAEU to develop and deepen Eurasian integration and improve the regulatory framework, there is a need in the age of digitalisation to develop better access for workers to social protection and medical support systems. The relevance of this scientific article lies in the presence of problematic issues related to the fact that many migrants are not registered and lack the documentation to protect them legally and financially; this situation contributes to the development of informal employment and low labour productivity. Although the EAEU countries have established working and socio- economic conditions, the issue of ensuring health protection, access to work, and social protection for labour migrants remains unsolved. Methods: This article employs various methods of scientific cognition, including historical and legal analysis, comparative legal study, induction and deduction, as well as analysis and synthesis. It also applies the acts and regulations of the ILO. What is the role of protecting the socio-economic and labour rights of migrant workers as the main task of receiving states? In law enforcement practice, to what extent do the provisions of international agreements on the organised hiring of workers between receiving countries and countries of origin of migrants ensure the adaptation of migrants to the legal regime of the host country, the participation of migrants in the functioning of civil society institutions, and the monitoring of migration processes? How does national regulation of labour migration in integration associations of states rationally organise their actions on the principles of national treatment for migrant workers? Labour migration strengthens integration unions, creating strong social ties and developing civil society institutions within the boundaries of integration associations. Since state sovereignty is inextricably linked to the protection of the interests of fellow citizens in regulating labour migration, all states participating in regional integration are called upon not only to protect the rights of migrant workers but also to provide all conditions for migrants to fulfil their obligations to civil society. The study examined the free movement and provision of labour and social guarantees for labour migrants in the EAEU and compared their situation in the EU. It also surveyed labour migrants in the EAEU by questioning workers in education, medical care, and various private sectors. This article is based on the results of this study. This article examined the challenges in providing guarantees and social protection for EAEU labour migrants. It proposed improvements to legal regulatory mechanisms and outlined recommendations for improving and expanding opportunities for free movement while better safeguarding the social and labour rights of migrants in the EAEU. The study’s primary objectives were as follows: - Examining the provisions of the ILO Convention on migrant workers. - Collecting and analysing data on labour movement across the EAEU - Analysing international EU treaties regarding the legal status of migrant workers - Interviewing migrant workers in the EAEU on issues related to their provision of rights and guarantees under the EAEU Treaty. Results and conclusions: This study highlights the need to organise safe labour migration, provide labour migrants with full access to digital services, improve the system of vocational and technical education in line with labour market demands, as well as develop and implement a unified system for ensuring the safety of workers and their families. Successful adaptation in the host country is identified as a critical factor for both labour migrants and their families. The authors recommend adding a dedicated chapter to the EAEU treaty that would comprehensively address labour and social rights, along with their guarantees.

ELECTIVE COURSE AS A MEANS OF ASSESSING THE MOTIVATIONOF THE 9TH GRADE STUDENTS TO STUDY THE ENVIRONMENT

In modern pedagogy, special attention is paid to environmental education and the education of students. But the key problem of working in this direction is the need for a qualitative impact on the interests and motivation of students, which requires other means and methods of teaching. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of using an elective course to increase the interest and motivation of 9thgrade students to explore the environment. To achieve it, a number of methods of scientific cognition were used: they were the analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature on the research topic. Within the framework of the article, it was determined that the issues of interest and motivation are one of the key ones in modern pedagogical practice, and many teachers pay attention to them. This is due to the fact that it depends on the level of interest, on the level of motivation, how effectively students will learn the material and, more importantly, how effectively students' independent activities in mastering certain subjects at school will proceed. In order to determine the effectiveness of elective courses, an experiment was conducted in which the level of interest and motivation was measured before and after the elective course. The results showed a positive effect of the elective course on the level of interest and motivation of 9thgrade students to explore the environment both as part of the development of the school curriculum and as part of independent work.

Eric Cohen and his theoretical research in the sociology of tourism

Israeli sociologist Eric Cohen is one of the founders of the sociology of tourism. This scientist proposed both his own developments in the field of tourism, including the typology of tourists, the classification of ways to obtain tourist experience, and analyzed the general path of development of this branch of knowledge, resorting to understanding the theoretical and empirical works of other researchers, and also outlined trends and main topics of modern research in this field of knowledge. The theoretical research of this scientist has become an important reference point for researchers studying global processes taking place in the world, as well as complex interactions between tourists and locals. This article is devoted to the analysis of Eric Cohen's theoretical contribution to the sociology of tourism, his conceptual approach and the significance of his works for modern research. The author explores the theoretical research of Eric Cohen using general scientific methods of cognition, as well as genetic, comparative historical and other methods that reveal the specifics of the scientist's approach. The scientific novelty of this topic lies in the systematization of the main ideas of Eric Cohen and the study of his contribution to the study of the phenomenon of tourism and the development of the sociology of tourism as an independent discipline. The works of the Israeli sociologist Eric Cohen, his conceptual apparatus and analytical tools testify to the high importance of his works for modern sociological theory. His works maintain high citation rates and are regularly consulted by modern researchers. These publications cover a wide range of topics: from typologies of tourists, concepts of tourist experience, research on authenticity to the analysis of the state of sociology of tourism as an independent science, identifying trends and the main topics dominating here, which makes him one of the most influential scientists in this field.

Современная парадигма пенсионного обеспечения в Европе

Introduction. Pension systems are a key element of social protection for the elderly. They are designed to provide senior citizens with stable income not from work. However, pension systems currently being developed in Europe are increasingly exposing the working-age population to the risk of poverty in old age. The European pension paradigm strives for an adequate level of pension payments and builds financial protection against poverty, while the future evolution of wages and prices remains unknown for Europe as a whole.Methods. Scientific research is based on general and special methods of scientific cognition. In the process of forming the concept of the scientific article, modern scientific methods of studying economic and social phenomena were used, including methods of system-structural, functional, factorial and comparative analysis, as well as categorical, logical and structural analysis and synthesis, detailing and generalization, grouping and comparison, identification of cause-and-effect relationships. The authors proceed from an understanding of the scientific hypothesis of reforming the pension system, which ensures long-term investment by the working-age population with income in the future. The empirical base of the study was made up of current data from cross-country comparative studies of Europe in terms of typology of state pension systems.Results. Based on the functional method of cognition, the authors of the scientific article systematize the main types of state pension systems of the European Union, representing the complex content of the indicator value of pension payments. It is noted that in the context of reforming the pension systems of the European Union countries, the reorganization of the functional and ideological components of pension provision, aimed at protecting consumers of pension savings, makes it possible to increase the socio-economic standard of living. Although EU pension systems differ in many respects, they all have one common problem - finding ways to maintain the financial sustainability of the budgetary system while paying pensions in the long term against the backdrop of an aging population and the problem of increasing the ratio of pensioners to the working-age population.

Особенности оценки прокурором законности оснований для возбуждения уголовного дела о незаконном обороте наркотиков

Purpose: identifying problems that arise during the implementation of prosecutorial supervision at the stage of initiating criminal proceedings in cases of drug trafficking, and developing proposals for solving them. Research methods: in the research process, both universal and general scientific methods of cognition were used, as well as special legal techniques, including comparative legal methods for studying individual legal institutions in Russia and Tajikistan. Conclusions: 1) Initiation of a criminal case (refusal to initiate a criminal case) based on the results of an operational investigative activity should be the basis for checking the operational accounting case; 2) It is necessary to expand the powers of the prosecutor: a) the prosecutor must be given the right to approve requests to conduct operational investigative activities before the court; b) when carrying out operational investigative activities that are carried out before the initiation of a criminal case in order to identify signs of crimes in the field of drug trafficking, their implementation must be coordinated with the prosecutor's office. Scientific and practical significance: the study can help improve the legal regulation of prosecutorial supervision over criminal procedural and operational investigative activities.

ENSURING RUSSIA'S TECHNOLOGICAL SECURITY: GOALS, PROBLEMS, WAYS TO ACHIEVE

The purpose of the study: to analyze the possibilities of achieving technological security by the Russian economy, as well as to consider the system of effective mechanisms and measures applied by the state. It is noted that technological security in the context of sanctions pressure from the West has become an integral part of national economic security. It is aimed, first of all, at ensuring the safety of all technical and technological processes. Priority attention in the study is given to Industry 4.0 technologies, the development of which is necessary to achieve the country's competitiveness in world markets and achieve technological security. The approaches to defining technological security and technological sovereignty are analyzed, the main goals, conditions and problems of achieving it, as well as the economic mechanisms used by the state are determined. The theoretical basis of the scientific work was the use of general scientific methods of cognition to the processes and phenomena under study. The use of a logical approach made it possible to interpret the results obtained during the study, as well as draw conclusions and formulate proposals for the use of various mechanisms, tools and models to achieve the country's technological security.

Problem aspects of adoption in civil proceedings of Republic of Kazakhstan

The relevance of this study was conditioned by the reduced level of effectiveness of one of the key social institutions due to the presence of problematic aspects and conflicts of legislation. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to analyse the problematic aspects of the current adoption procedure under the current legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study employed several methods of scientific cognition, namely logical analysis, formal- legal, functional analysis, dogmatic, legal hermeneutics, and others. A study of statistical data on the total number of registered orphans revealed that the current figures are still quite high; however, the number of children raised in orphanages is declining. This study investigated the legislative acts that thoroughly regulate the procedure and order of adoption, namely the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Civil Procedural Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It was noted that a significant role in adoption cases is given to the decisions of the plenums of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which serve as a guide for the courts in considering and resolving civil cases and are applicable to different proceedings. It was also found that the national legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan does not make provision for such a procedure as pre-adoption, compared to the foreign practices of some countries. No less important is the analysis of the adoption procedure for found and abandoned children by foreign nationals. The practical value of the obtained results lies in providing a detailed characterisation of the mentioned process and offering some recommendations for its improvement

The Development of Family Entrepreneurship in Russia: The Development Prospects and Main Directions of State Policy

Introduction: the paper deals with the analysis of the peculiarities of the legal regulation of family entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation, the identification of current trends in this area, and the discussion of prospects for its development. Both the positive aspects of the existing legislation and possible directions for its modification to stimulate the development of family entrepreneurship are considered. Purpose: to analyze the development of family entrepreneurship in Russia and identify the prospects for its development. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is based on the methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of consistency, analysis, and comparative law. Results: the study has shown that family business is an important part of the economy, contributing to job creation, increased tax revenues, and regional development. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, it becomes obvious that there is a need to improve the regulatory framework aimed at supporting and developing family entrepreneurship, including simplifying registration and licensing procedures, reducing the tax burden, developing specialized support programs, and stimulating innovation. An important area is also the strengthening of legal guarantees for the protection of the rights of family entrepreneurs, including the protection of intellectual property and ensuring access to due process of law.

Vectors of Legal Interpretation Activity when Interpreting Contracts

Introduction: the official interpretation of the norms of law is one of the elements that support the efficiency of the mechanism of legal regulation in public relations. In the vast majority of cases, it is implemented in relation to the norms of the law, but its role is not limited to this area alone. The official interpretation of contracts has an independent significance in law, which, due to its lack of study, requires increased attention. Purpose: to consider specific areas of using the official interpretation of the law in interpreting the content of contracts, an attempt to systematize knowledge about contractual legal interpretation activity. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific cognition, including systematicity, analysis, comparative law, and formal law. Results: the author’s position, substantiated in the work, on the possibility of identifying the vectors of legal interpretation activity in the interpretation of contracts is based on the work of individual scientists, the provisions of current legislation, interpretative acts of the supreme judicial authorities of the Russian Federation, and the results of law enforcement practice. Conclusions: as a result of the conducted research, it was found that specific independent and interrelated directions of official interpretation should be recognized as vectors, which are aimed at ensuring a clear understanding of the methods of concluding and executing contracts. It is advisable to consider them as some kind of starting point, landmarks that contribute to the systematization of all interpretative activities and characterize interpretation as a single production process. Their presence makes it possible to influence the contractual interpretation point-by-point and, if necessary, adjust the latter to the required extent. The list of vectors of legal interpretation activity in the interpretation of contracts is not exhaustive.

On the Necessity of System Criminalistic Support for Prosecution

Introduction: the paper examines some criminalistic aspects of prosecution, identifies certain trends, substantiates the fundamental part of the prosecutor’s office activities in criminal proceedings, and formulates proposals for improving law enforcement in general. Purpose: the substantiation of the statement on the necessity of using forensic recommendations in criminal proceedings in general, as well as the advisability of system criminalistic support for prosecution in particular. Methods: the methodological framework for the study consists of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are the methods of analysis, consistency, synthesis, and comparative law. Results: the conclusion is formulated that the prosecutor’s office should delegate the coordination of the implementation of forensic recommendations at all stages of the criminal process and also assign the duty of enormous control over their implementation on an ongoing basis. Conclusions: based on the provisions outlined in the work, the author concludes about the absolute validity of the introduction and use of criminalistic categories in prosecution, regardless of the stages of the criminal process. It is concluded that the application of forensic recommendations will help eliminate certain difficulties in handling the prosecution, which will lead to a reduction in the number of violations.

К ВОПРОСУ О СООТНОШЕНИИ ПОНЯТИЙ «ЛИШЕНИЕ ГРАЖДАНСТВА», «ПРЕКРАЩЕНИЕ ГРАЖДАНСТВА» И «ОТМЕНА РЕШЕНИЙ О ПРИЕМЕ В ГРАЖДАНСТВО»

In this article, the author has undertaken a study of the content of the concepts of deprivation of citizenship, termination of citizenship and cancellation of decisions on admission to citizenship. The purpose of the article is to compare the scope and content of these terms, to draw conclusions about the possibility of using them in legislation and in practice. The main method used in this work is the general scientific method of comparison, which consisted in comparing the editions of legal norms in the legislation on citizenship in different periods at the present stage of develop-ment of the Russian state. In addition, such general scientific methods of scientific cognition as de-duction, analysis and synthesis, private scientific methods: historical and axiological, special: formal legal and the method of legal hermeneutics were used. The author concludes that it is impossible to identify the concepts under study, the need to give a clear definition of the cancellation of decisions on admission to citizenship, the preference in some cases for using this term instead of the concept of termination of citizenship, the need to take into account the positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the possibility of canceling decisions on admission to citizenship only when providing such false information that influenced the decision this decision, on the need to con-sider all issues of cancellation of decisions on admission to citizenship and termination of citizenship exclusively in court and the inadmissibility of the actual deprivation of citizenship of persons who have become Russian citizens by way of recognition.

The Role of the Family Under Conditions of a Modern Multicultural Ethnic Group: A Vector of Legislative Development

The relevance of research: the editor-in-chief’s column analyzes the topic and content of the key heading of the current issue of the journal “Legal Concept = Pravovaya Paradigma” entitled “The institution of the family in the era of global changes: the socio-ethical and entrepreneurial context in law”. The prepared issue deals with the questions discussed at the international round table of the same name, held at Volgograd State University on March 29, 2024. The prerequisites for the selection and the problems of legal support of the issues selected for the discussion sessions of the international round table in the context of the Concept of State Family Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, as well as a set of measures carried out during this period and aimed at popularizing the state policy in the field of family protection and preservation of traditional values are outlined. The scientific and practical significance of the papers presented in the feature topic of the issue is analyzed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that a comprehensive intersectoral study of the legal regulation of family relations in the most relevant spheres of public life in the context of the state family policy of the Russian Federation has been conducted, as well as specific proposals and recommendations for improving the relevant theoretical and regulatory framework have been formulated. The methodological framework for intersectoral legal research has traditionally been made up of the general scientific methods of cognition used in the social sciences and humanities in general, including in law. Among the most significant general methods of cognition are the method of historical materialism, as well as the general logical methods: analysis, synthesis, the method of analogy, induction, deduction. The special and private methods are presented in the scientific papers of the heading mainly by the formal legal and comparative law methods. The results of the study: the analysis of the relevance of the papers selected for the heading “The feature topic of the issue”, their novelty, the results obtained and their scientific and practical significance is carried out. The commentary of the current family legislation and the proposed legislative initiative on amending Article 2 of Federal Law No. 489-FZ of December 30, 2022 “On Youth Policy in the Russian Federation” is presented. The lack of a uniform understanding of the family in both the legislation and doctrine has been established. The analysis of the relationship between the concepts of “young family” and “student family” is carried out, the qualifying factors of a student family are established. The author has analyzed the scientific papers concerned with: the theoretical and practical issues of protecting family values in Russian law; the prospects for the legal regulation of property relations between spouses when concluding a marriage contract using digital technologies in terms of the content of the conditions for concluding a marriage contract as an effective tool for resolving property disputes in the family; the legal nature and problems of the legal regulation of the surrogacy contract; the prospects and main directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of family entrepreneurship; notarial documents in electronic format as a means of proof in the field of marital and family relations; the role and importance of the institution of private prosecution for the protection of victims of domestic violence. Conclusions: the necessity of the legislative consolidation of the definition of the concept of “family” is proved, which is due to both practical and theoretical expediency, the creation of an effective mechanism for the legal protection of the family, ensuring the stability of the family in Russian society and the state. The definition of “student family” is proposed. The conclusions of the authors of scientific papers on the feature topic of the issue are supported: on the expediency of amending Art. 1 of The Family Code of the Russian Federation with a new principle dedicated to the protection of family values, which will allow for a more clearly normative fixation of this vector of state policy; on the need to legislate the possibility of concluding a marriage contract in electronic form; on the timeliness of improving the regulatory framework aimed at supporting and developing family entrepreneurship, including simplifying the registration and licensing procedures, reducing the tax burden, the development of specialized programs to support and stimulate innovation; about the importance of grouping electronic evidence provided by a notary into a separate type, as well as establishing signs that allow identifying this proof; about the insufficient effectiveness of private prosecution in protecting the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens and the need to solve this problem by broadening the powers of a justice of the peace.

Перспективы развития рынка мяса и мясной продукции России в условиях новых вызовов

Abstract. Topicality of adjusting the targets of agri-food policy and food security policy in Russia is determined by changes in both external and internal conditions for agri-food complex functioning. Macroeconomic forecasts create the basis for revising and adapting the directions of development of the main sectors of the agri-food complex. The purpose of this study is to develop alternative forecasts for the production and consumption of main types of meat and meat products in Russia to substantiate strategies for domestic market development. Methods. General scientific methods of cognition were used, such as dialectics, analysis and synthesis, and monographic methods. Forecast calculations were carried out using economic and mathematical methods. The scientific novelty of the study is as follows: the development of a methodological approach to substantiate the prospects for the development of meat and meat products production considering the balance of the meat products market and the consistency of conflicting targets in the field of import substitution, physical and economic accessibility of food for the country's population. The methodological recommendations developed during the study can serve as the scientific basis for midterm development programs of individual segments of the Russian food market. Results. It was revealed that in the short term, new challenges related to economic sanctions and COVID-19 had minor impact on the meat and meat products market. Limiting barriers to development are systemic economic problems: demographic situation and low real income. Alternative forecasts for development of markets for the main types of meat were developed.