Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) can significantly alter brain function and present as a critical, potentially life-threatening condition necessitating prompt identification and ongoing monitoring. Categorized as mild, moderate, or severe, TBIs often manifest challenging post-injury symptoms. Despite scientific advancements, the methodologies for TBI identification, evaluation, and monitoring have remained largely unchanged for the past 50 years. To address this, our proposal focuses on creating an electrochemical biosensor for the early detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a crucial biomarker associated with TBI. Our approach involves employing the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) technique to develop a highly specific aptamer for GFAP detection. The biosensor will utilize aptamer-modified electrodes with a carbon-based substrate to enable continuous real-time detection of the target. By detecting GFAP, our biosensor aims to mitigate risks associated with injury-related damage, exposure to ionizing radiation, and healthcare expenses. Moreover, our proposed strategy seeks to advance our comprehension of GFAP release and its role in early TBIs, potentially paving the way for future in vivo studies. To enhance the biosensor's long-term stability, our design centers on a carbon-based nanomaterial substrate. Carbon-based nanomaterials have gained prominence in biosensor applications due to their diverse properties, including conductivity, chemical stability, mechanical strength, surface-to-volume ratio, biocompatibility, functionalization, and biodegradability. Our biosensor's advancement will employ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV) for electrochemical testing. Electrochemistry offers numerous advantages over light-based detection methods, allowing for enhanced electrode surface modification to improve selectivity and flexibility. This adaptability positions our biosensor as an ideal candidate for wearable applications in field settings, capable of detecting a broad spectrum of molecules beyond oxidation or reduction reactions. The successful realization of these objectives will result in a GFAP-detecting biosensor. Our proposed experiments aim to bridge existing gaps by developing a novel device for non-invasively measuring biomarkers released through sweat, thereby contributing to innovative diagnostic approaches. Figure 1