Methodological Provisions Research Articles

PRIORITY AREAS OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY REGULATION IN THE IT SPHERE

Introduction. The domestic market of Ukraine is not able to ensure the consumption of all products and services offered by manufacturers, so companies are forced to expand sales markets. Accordingly, they enter foreign markets, where there is strong competition from foreign enterprises. This encourages Ukrainian enterprises to define strategic directions of development, improve export activities, and improve product quality, which enables domestic enterprises to achieve long-term competitive advantages.
 That is why the effective foreign economic activity of enterprises contributes to the reproduction of export potential, increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian IT products and services on world markets, the formation of a rational structure of export and import, and the attraction of foreign investments.
 The hypothesis of the scientific research consists in the substantiation consists in the substantiation of methodological provisions regarding the foreign economic policy of the enterprise under study in the context of general trends in the development of the international market of IT services.
 The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological tasks and practical recommendations for the formation of foreign economic vectors of the IT company.
 The methodology of the scientific research is the formation of recommendations regarding the improvement of the formation of the IT company's foreign economic strategy based on the application of general theoretical and specific research methods, in particular: theoretical generalization; classification and systematization; analytical method; methods of logical generalization and modeling.
 Conclusions and prospects for further research. In order to increase the efficiency of the enterprise's foreign economic activity, it is advisable to identify those countries that are attractive for further cooperation, to analyze the existing foreign economic relations and to highlight promising directions of development. The main goal should be a thorough analysis of the international trade system, the economic environment of the country where the penetration will be carried out, and it is also necessary to take into account the political, legal and cultural features of its environment.
 An important factor in improving foreign economic activity is the assessment and analysis of the company's strengths and weaknesses.
 Keywords: globalization; foreign economic activity; competitiveness; modeling; international trade; international IT market.

Improving the Theoretical and Methodological Framework for Implementing Digital Twin Technology in Various Sectors of Agriculture

The aim of this study is to systematize and improve the theoretical and methodological framework for implementing digital twin technology. The study focuses on digital twins in agriculture. This paper is designed to solve the scientific problem associated with the development of a methodological framework for the implementation of digital twins in the work of agricultural organizations. Using methods of analysis of socio-economic phenomena and processes on the basis of a set of scientific approaches, economic-statistical analysis, and others, the study considers the importance of digital twins of agricultural machinery and equipment, identifies trends in agriculture determined by digitalization, and suggests promising areas for digital twins of agricultural machinery and equipment. This paper also examines the theoretical basis for the implementation of digital twin technology in the agricultural sector of production. New research results complement the theoretical provisions on the essence of digital twin technology; develop the methodological provisions of digital twin technology, represented by the study of their significance, principles, and features of operation. The study may be seen as academically novel as it reveals the prerequisites for implementing digital technology in agriculture as well as clarifies and improves the theoretical and methodological provisions of the application of digital twin technology in various sectors of agriculture.

METHODS OF STUDYING THE SEMANTICS OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES BY THE STUDENTS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article shows that in institutions of professional (vocational and technical) education, the inclusion of a block of questions devoted to the semiotics of programming languages into the content of learning languages and programming methods will contribute to the successful implementation of the system of their fundamental training in the subject field «Information Technologies». The methodological system of education, built within the framework of the methodologicalical theory, helps students acquire knowledge and skills in the semiotics of programming languages. The main theoretical and methodological provisions are outlined, on the basis of which a methodical system of teaching the semiotics of programming languages ​​and a metamodel of the teaching method itself in the form of a methodical theory have been built. On the basis of the classification of models of syntax and semantics of programming languages, carried out to build a conceptual basis for the methodological theory of teaching semiotics of programming languages, there have been selected the following sections for teaching semiotics of programming languages: formal syntax of programming languages; meaningful operational semantics of programming languages; formal operational semantics of programming languages; formal deductive semantics of programming languages; denotational semantics of programming languages. At the stage of selecting the content of the elements of the model of the methodical system for teaching the semiotics of programming languages, the central place is occupied by the problem of setting learning goals, since the selection of the content of other elements is aimed at achieving the set goals. Semiotic educational models include a system of tasks, in which the subject area of activity is developed within the framework of specific teaching methods, which involve textual statements of educational problems or tasks. The goals and content of learning the semiotics of programming languages, largely influencing each other, determine the choice of teaching methods for the section in question. For example, when considering the last block of learning content, there has been chosen a simulation or social learning model, which provides for the student’s assimilation of new information, as well as attempts to get involved in the situation of solving professional tasks based on it.

Theoretical and methodological provisions regarding the development and implementation of an integral method for assessing the level of information support of the multipurpose real estate cadastre at the regional level

The paper considers the development and implementation of a method for integral assessment of the application level of the multipurpose real estate cadastre at the regional level. Factors affecting the formation and application of the multipurpose real estate cadastre are singled out. The technology for the formation of information-analytical and spatial support of the results of an integrated assessment deserves attention. In addition, the European experience of forming and applying the multipurpose cadastre, determining the factors affecting its creation, and constructing a theoretical and methodological platform for the real estate identification is systematized.
 In modern conditions, the creation of a quantitative basis for the formation and application of the multipurpose real estate cadastre is realized applying the method of integral assessment for making reasonable management decisions at the regional level and developing recommendations for increasing the efficiency of the real estate use.
 Based on the formed quantitative basis based in turn on the results of an integral assessment, it is proposed to carry out mathematical modelling and determine the points of growth of the efficiency of the use of the real estate at the regional level using a multipurpose cadastre. The impact of spatial, urban planning, investment and environmental factors on the formation and application of the multipurpose real estate cadastre is determined.

АУДИТ БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОСТІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the prerequisites and priorities for the development of the methodology and improvement of the organizational and methodological provisions of the audit of business continuity in the context of the requirements of the International Auditing Standards (IAS), changes in domestic legislation regarding the publication of financial statements of business entities in the context of military operations in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the priorities of the methodology development and improvement of the organizational and methodological provisions of the audit of the continuity of the activities of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. The object of the study is the audit of the continuity of the enterprises. The methods used in the research: scientific knowledge, the method of generalization, comparison, logical - meaningful, methods of induction and deduction, analysis. The hypothesis consists in the assumption of the need for the development of methodology and the development of recommendations for improving the organizational and methodological provisions of the audit of business continuity in the context of the requirements of the ISA, changes in domestic legislation regarding the publication of financial statements based on the assumption of business continuity in the conditions of military operations in Ukraine and ensuring the awareness of interested persons about the current state of the enterprise's performance and the potential of its continued viability. Presenting main material. The prerequisites, the problematic field of issues that affect the assumption of continuity and the priority directions of the audit of the continuity of the enterprises' activities are determined. The basic provisions for the development of the methodology of the audit of the continuity of the activities of enterprises have been developed, which provide for an interconnected and complex solution to the tasks of improving the organizational and methodological principles of the audit in the context of the requirements of the ISA and taking into account changes in the domestic legislation regarding the publication and audit of financial statements by economic entities in the conditions of military operations in Ukraine. The classification of factors influencing the assumption of continuity of activity and the procedures for their assessment by segments are provided. The need to assess the loss of economic benefits from risk situations and reserves for their coverage is substantiated using the example of accounts receivable. The sequence of the audit process is presented and the elements of the methodology, criteria and objects of the business continuity audit are disclosed. To ensure the quality of the audit, additional analytical procedures based on the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSS) and the methodology of integrated analysis of continuity, which covers four blocks of indicators: financial status, efficiency, added value, and the Balanced Scorecard system, are proposed. The originality and practical significance are: the provisions on the development of the methodology of the audit of the continuity of the enterprises' activity on the modern paradigm of the requirements of the ISA and changes in the domestic legislation; methodological recommendations regarding the sequence of the audit process of business continuity; a method of comprehensive analysis of the continuity of activity, the implementation of which allows to assess the effectiveness of management and the potential for ensuring the continuous viability of the enterprise. Conclusions. The need for the development of the methodology for the audit of the continuity of activities of enterprises arises from the requirements of the IASB and ISA, changes in the domestic legislation regarding the publication of financial statements based on the assumption of the continuity of business entities in the conditions of military operations in Ukraine, and the need to assess the potential for ensuring the continuous viability of the enterprise and the effectiveness of management. The implementation of the developed provisions for the development of the methodology of the audit of business continuity on the new paradigm and recommendations for its organizational and methodological support will contribute to the improvement of the quality of the audit. The proposed analytical procedures for assessing the influence of non-financial factors on the creation of added value based on a system of balanced indicators provide an opportunity to determine the critical segments of the enterprise's activity in the directions of business processes and obtain sufficient and acceptable audit evidence to provide information about the continuous viability of the enterprise. The use of the methodology of complex analysis of continuity allows you to form qualitative information for the preparation of a conclusion about the current state of the enterprise's performance, management efficiency and continuous viability of the enterprise in conditions of uncertainty.

Особенности формирования профессиональной компетентности студентов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки «Педагогическое образование (иностранные языки)»

Higher education, being primarily professional education, aims to train a specialist with the necessary qualifications aimed at solving professional problems in a particular sector of the economy, and is also focused on the formation of a harmoniously developed personality. In this regard, pedagogical education, also focused on the training of a teacher of a certain qualification, puts the foundation of professional knowledge and practical pedagogical skills as pedagogical and methodological competencies as the basis of training, and for a teacher of a foreign language, the subject competence is the formation of a foreign language communicative competence of a certain level. This article describes the theoretical features of the formation of professional competence of a teacher in undergraduate studies as a basic level of professional education based on theoretical and methodological provisions and functional components of education; also, on the basis of an experimental study, the formed communicative and methodological levels of readiness of future teachers of a foreign language were determined, as a result of which a lack of methodological knowledge of future teachers in terms of the practical organization of the teacher's work was established. One can also note the absence in the education standards of specific requirements necessary for professional activity. In particular, for a foreign language teacher, the specific knowledge, skills and abilities required for further work are not indicated.

Prospects for the development of gastro tourism in Ukraine in the post-war period

Gastronomic tourism is an introduction to the traditional cuisine of a particular area, available to any tourist, not just the fate of the chosen ones. The article highlights the main features, trends, problems and prospects of the development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for the improvement of the gastronomic tourism market of Ukraine, taking into account the realities of the post-war recovery of the industry. The subject of the study is the prospects for the development of gastrotourism in Ukraine in the post-war period. During the writing of the article, official statistical data on the development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine, analytical data on the state of tourist industry facilities, and current legal documents were used. The conducted research was based mainly on the use of methods of theoretical analysis, analysis of statistical data, expert assessments and comparative analysis. The following results were obtained. The paper analyzes the state and prospects of the development of gastrotourism in Ukraine, examines the resource gastronomic potential of the country, and proposes a strategy for the development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine in the post-war period, which is currently very relevant in the context of the restoration of tourism in the country. The areas of strategic development of gastronomic tourism are presented, each of which has its own strategic goals and tasks that must be completed to achieve the set goal. Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, for the further development of gastronomic tourism in Ukraine as part of the implementation of the domestic and inbound tourism development program, it is necessary to: develop new gastronomic tourism routes and update the existing ones; develop a program to support small and medium-sized enterprises that participate in the creation and operation of gastronomic tours; to improve the state of the tourist infrastructure, primarily in the places of hostilities; engage in the development of gastronomic brands and their promotion at the national and international levels; ensure the training of highly qualified personnel in the field of service; to develop partnerships with international organizations on matters of tourism and cultural heritage support, etc. Thanks to the proposed measures, it will be possible to ensure the competitiveness of tourist destinations and enterprises, increase the number and quality of jobs, the quality of life of the local population, including by expanding the capabilities of local communities and interested parties in planning and decision-making regarding the management and development of tourism.

Forecast of a qualitative renewal of the active part of fixed assets in agro-industrial complex

The renewal of fixed assets means the process of replacing obsolete means of labor with new, most perfect and modernized ones. In market economy and fierce competition between various manufacturers, one of the most important factors in increasing the profitability of production and economic activities of enterprises is the provision of their produced assets in the required quantity. Only with a good technical condition of production base, timely technical and technological re-equipment of production processes of economic entities, it is possible to have their stable growth. The goal is to analyze the theoretical and practical aspects of restoring the active part of the fixed production assets (hereinafter referred to as APFA) in crop production of the republic on the basis of economic and mathematical modeling. Methods – economic-mathematical, statistical, comparison, analysis and synthesis. Results – methodological provisions for the effective management of APFA are proposed. A system of standards was built and implemented, substantiating the indicators of economic efficiency of production (hereinafter referred to as IEEP). The main directions, tendencies and regularities of reproduction of the active part of fixed production assets are investigated. The criteria for the implementation of the method of planning and forecasting the pace of their reconstruction are shown. The set of normative IEEP is oriented to be used as a tool for decision-making by the country's authorities, allows to increase the volume of agricultural production over the forecast period (20 years). The calculation of the ratios of the shares of the APFA in the base and prospective periods, their productivity for five-year plans in the future, a comparison of the need for domestic investment by the state and the investment investments of large associations in the optimal mode of their recovery are presented. Conclusions – the ratio of active and passive parts is of great interest, since the capital productivity, capital profitability and financial condition of enterprises largely depend on their optimal combination. When analyzing the qualitative state of the active part of fixed assets, the completeness and timeliness of scheduled preventive repairs, their compliance with technical characteristics and operating conditions are checked.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF SIBERIA

The relevance of the work. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop agro-industrial production at a new qualitative level, to increase the level of food security in the region by improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of investment activities in the agro-industrial complex.
 Objective. The purpose of this study is the development of scientific and methodological provisions for improving the organizational and economic mechanisms of investment activity in the agro-industrial complex of Siberian regions.
 Materials and methods. The research methodology is aimed at clarifying the basic principles of the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the food and processing industry, taking into account the sectoral features of innovative development.
 Results. In-depth studies were carried out on the organizations of the agro-industrial complex of the Novosibirsk region. The main part of the article discloses indicators characterizing the development of Russian agriculture in 2017-2020, as well as indicators of innovative activity in agriculture for 2017-2021. Shows the share of investments aimed at the reconstruction and modernization of fixed assets in Russia, as a percentage of the total investment. The mechanism of subsidizing to compensate for the costs incurred for the construction (modernization) of agribusiness facilities is considered. The main directions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism of the investment process in Siberian agriculture have been developed.
 Conclusion. In conclusion, scientific provisions are formulated to improve the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of investment activities in the agro-industrial complex.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOOD AND PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Objective. The article is devoted to the development of scientific and methodological provisions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of the food and processing industry in order to ensure food security in Siberia.
 Materials and methods. The methods of substantiation of modern organizational and technological regulations, norms and standards for the innovative development of the crop industry are considered. To analyze the main directions for adjusting the organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of the food and processing industry in Siberia, a program-targeted approach is used.
 Results. An algorithm for the formation of organizational and technological regulations in crop production is considered on the example of rapeseed. The main directions for adjusting the organizational and economic mechanism for the innovative development of the food and processing industry in Siberia on the basis of a program-targeted approach are proposed. An algorithm of basic standards has been formed in the system of standards for rapeseed cultivation at different intensities in the conditions of the Novosibirsk region. Particular attention is paid to the ecological block of the economic substantiation of crop cultivation standards on the example of oilseeds.
 Conclusion. The current level of food consumption in the areas of development and the North of Siberia does not fully comply with modern standards and the physiological needs of the population, taking into account their national and ethnic characteristics. In this regard, the development of the food and processing industry of the agro-industrial complex of the Siberian Federal District is of strategic importance.

IMPROVEMENT OF WORKING CONDITIONS IN RURAL AREAS THROUGH THE FORMATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE FOR AGRICULTURAL SERVICES

Relevance of the study. The infrastructure of rural settlements has a significant impact on the quality of life of the rural population and, as a result, on the development of the infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex.
 Objective. The purpose of this study is to develop scientific and methodological provisions for improving the infrastructure of agricultural services.
 Materials and methods. The research methodology includes bibliographic analysis, as well as analysis of statistical data. To identify the most significant factors for ordinary agricultural workers, the method of expert assessments is used.
 Results. Studies have been conducted on the agro-industrial complex organizations of the Altai Territory. The main part of the article identifies external and internal factors that determine the quality of working conditions in agriculture. Using the method of expert assessments, the most significant factors for ordinary agricultural workers were identified. In order to introduce digitalization in the agro-industrial complex, software and hardware unmanned complexes designed to perform certain functions in crop production are considered. Digital solutions designed to perform the functions of interaction with suppliers, consumers and transportation of agricultural products are described. The issues of environmental safety of workplaces in the agro-industrial complex are considered.
 Conclusion. It is revealed that in order to effectively develop the infrastructure of rural settlements as a tool to improve the quality of life of the rural population, it is necessary to abandon the policy of maximum coverage in favor of a policy of concentrating efforts on a certain territory on the basis of a comprehensive plan covering all spheres of society and involving sectoral authorities in its implementation within a single project.

Landscape-ecological approach to the organization of scientific research activities of University students

Introduction. The aim of the study is to comprehend the methodology of the landscape-ecological approach in the scientific activity of students in the conditions of its dynamic transformations and to develop a methodology for its implementation based on a level organization. A set of methodological provisions that characterize the universal features of the cognitive and practical-transformative activity of this approach is disclosed. The conceptual basis of the landscape-ecological approach integrates the natural-science, social, environmental aspects in the humanistic and holistic logic of cognition. It covers not only scientific concepts, but also value-semantic categories of sustainable development, forming a unified scientific picture of the world. The applied nature reflects the connection with real environmental problems and the possibilities of their successful resolution. The conjugation of the landscape-ecological approach and modern ideas about research student activity is revealed, the principles of its organization are substantiated. The position on the level structure of students' research activity is argued, the problem-referential, heuristic, creative levels corresponding to the subject preparation and cognitive abilities of students are determined.Materials and Methods. The study was carried out based on the results of the analysis of the research work of students at the Faculty of Natural Geography of the Minin University in the logic of its innovative changes, determined by modern requirements. The proposed system of methods of comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, conceptual modeling, level organization provided the necessary integrity, objectivity and heuristic conclusions.Results. Determination of the methodological foundations of the landscape-ecological approach in the organization of students' research work, which ensures the priority of complex, problem-oriented forms of cognition and creative activity, the development of the graduate's creativity, his professional competence and environmental culture. Development of principles for organizing research activities of students and methods for implementing the landscape-ecological approach in the educational practice of the university.Discussion and Conclusions. From the standpoint of modern scientific discourse, the variants of students' research work, combining classical and post-non-classical ideas of using the landscape-ecological approach, are considered. The advantages of the landscape approach and innovative features of student science, which are reflected in the developed methodology, are revealed. The proposed level structure of research activity contributes to the progressive movement of students from the problem-referential to the heuristic and creative level of cognition.

The role of paper plastic in modern design in the development of students' creative thinking

The article highlights that in the space of modern design and artistic and creative education, in particular decorative and applied arts, the importance of paper is growing as both a creative material for modelling and for creating artistic products, and at the same time, the paper is simultaneously one of the most accessible art materials both from the viewpoint of ease of use and cost, and paper craft is an important basis for students' perception and creation of more complex artistic forms of professional art. It is noted that despite various editions, this disparity does not allow fully revealing paper-making as a conceptual whole – in the diversity of its connections with project culture, creative laboratory and design methodology in design. The purpose of the article is to reveal paper-making in the space of decorative and applied arts as well as to identify its theoretical and methodological foundations and to substantiate the role of paper-making in modern design for the formation of students' creative thinking alongside the formation of their artistic and pedagogical skills. These methods were applied and used to reveal the problem: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization); scientific and specific: historical, artistic, pedagogical, psychological and approaches: systemic-structural, structural-functional, comparative, with the help of which the opinion regarding the phenomenon of paper-making is generalized, its essential content is clarified in the plane of decorative and applied arts, in modern design, and methodical methods are specified principles to the problem regarding the development of creative thinking of students specialized in artistic and pedagogical mastery. In the main content, it is noted that on the basis of methodological provisions and basic principles of traditional craftsmanship, the creative and essential foundations for decorative and applied arts are manifested, which ensures the formation of components of artistic competence and, at the same time, requires the use of students’ creative and figurative thinking. The idea of the key figurative-essential basis for paper-making is provided and it is noted that mastering the specifics of artistic imagery forms students' aesthetic ideas as well as a valuable act of understanding the world. It is highlighted that "paper plastic" also reflects the specificity of the author's approach to the study of compositional, constructive, structural and technological regularities of the work with material. In the content of the Methodological recommendations for conducting practical lessons, it is emphasized that the result should reflect the student's mastery – from the initial sketch through full-scale sketches to the design of the idea in the material. It is justified that in addition to the traditional methodical principles of education, there is a need to use certain art technologies. It is emphasized that the implementation of the developed "Conceptual Technology" in the teaching space of paper-making contributed to the decision-making process regarding the means of creating an artistic image. In the conclusions, it is noted that paper-making as a type of activity occupies an intermediate position between learning and playing and meets the conditions that ensure the effectiveness of the development of creative activity. Learning and practical work in the technique of papier-mâché using papier-mâché is important for the formation and development of abstract, associative, combinatorial, logical thinking, in the process of learning "paper-mâché" the creative thinking of students is formed and the skills of stylization and generalization are acquired, which involves the acquisition of practical experience for figurative reproduction. In the perspective of further research, it is important to consider the need to research, develop and create a model for the development of the future designer’s artistic and creative competence.

THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR IN KAZAKHSTAN

The purpose of the study of this article is to reveal the features of the development of the digital economy of agro-industrial complex through the introduction of digital and innovative technologies in the work of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan and the effectiveness of their use.Methodology. Scientific methods such as analysis, collection and processing of primary data, statistical observation and comparison, comparative methods were applied in the work on this article.Originality / value of the study. The value of the study lies in the formation of scientific, practical and methodological provisions, including various aspects of management of innovative digital technologies in agriculture.Findings. The main trends of digital transformation in agro-industrial production in Kazakhstan are considered. The prerequisites for the implementation of digital technologies in agriculture and their benefits are identified. The analysis of the use of innovative digital technologies in agriculture, where economic evaluation of the effectiveness of robotic technologies in crop production was carried out.

Theoretical Foundations of The Creation of a Curriculum in Higher Project IT in Education

The subject of the work is the formation of theoretical foundations for the creation of curricula in higher project IT education; the object of the work is the curriculum in higher IT education; the purpose of the work is to increase the curriculum in higher project IT education; to achieve this goal, the article solves the following tasks: Descriptions of the essence and structure of the curriculum, the formation of methodological provisions of the theory of curriculum, descriptions, and discussions of the mechanism of curriculum formation in higher project IT education.

Theoretical and methodological principles of evaluating the market value of intellectual property objects

The purpose of the article. The purpose of this study is the formation of scientific and methodological provisions and practical recommendations for determining organizational and economic dominants, which become one of the main driving forces for ensuring the effective assessment of the market value of intellectual technologies. Analyses results. Theoretical and methodological issues of valuation of intellectual property objects are considered. The fundamental principles of IP valuation have been formed and substantiated, which are closely correlated with the accuracy and objectivity of the assessment. For a better understanding of the significance and scope of use of the principles proposed for practical use, their totality is divided into three characteristic groups: the principles of observing the interests of the right holder of intellectual technology, observing the interests of the consumer, observing the laws of the market economy. Two basic components of the value assessment of an intellectual product have been determined - analytical and calculation - a competent combination of which allows to form a scientifically based assessment result. It has been proven that, in addition to the market value, other values of the value of the object of intellectual property are used in scientific circulation: investment, insurance, collateral, installation, investment, and so on. The structure of the life cycle of an intellectual property object is proposed, which includes six stages. The economic characteristics of each stage of the life cycle are provided. The definition of each type of value was formed and the dependence of their value on the stage of the life cycle of the intellectual product, the value of which is estimated, was proved. With the use of the collective expert assessment procedure, specific quantitative results of calculations of various types of value at the stages of the life cycle of an intellectual product were obtained, which are based on the ratio of the market value of the intellectual product and other types of intellectual property value. Practical recommendations are provided on the possibilities of using the developed methodological recommendations to determine the prospects of possible consumption of an intellectual product at each stage of its life cycle. Conclusions and directions for further research. The conducted research allows to evaluate the methodological and scientific-theoretical essence of intellectual property valuation from new positions. The assessment of the value of intellectual technologies, taking into account the stage of their life cycle, is a necessary condition for effective commercialization, that is, their introduction into the process of market commercialization (buying and selling) or use in one's own production and economic activity with the aim of increasing its efficiency. It should be noted that the issues of estimating the value of intellectual property objects and their commercialization are quite complex and require further research to form their reliable methodological and methodical base. Most of the proposals presented in the article are extraordinary, they are proposed for the first time and require further processing, clarification and development, especially in the practical aspect. Therefore, the authors associate the prospects of further research with the systematization of the conducted research, a more detailed consideration of factors, their connection with the industry (economic sphere) of basic use and the further development of conceptual provisions, which are only initially indicated by the authors in this article.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE SYSTEM OF INDICATORS FOR MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE AND INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT

Purpose. Production and economic activity and the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism of the functioning of enterprises of the track complex of the multi-branch railway transport system, based on the need for scientifically based planning, based on the need to meet the requirements proposed by the enterprises of operational activity. In the new conditions of infrastructure operation, one more requirement has been added - the establishment of a non-discriminatory fee for access to infrastructure facilities, which supports the principle of ensuring the price competitiveness of railway transport. This means the need to develop methodological provisions for determining estimated prices for the use of transport infrastructure, which are based on a detailed study and analysis of the cost structure of railway infrastructure enterprises. The purpose of this article is to develop and substantiate a certain system of indicators that would objectively reflect the essence and effectiveness of managing the innovative and investment development of railway transport in modern conditions. Method. Research methodology involves the use of methods: empirical research (comparison, observation), theoretical research (ascending from the abstract to the concrete), general scientific methods (abstraction and concretization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy), etc. The results. The key elements of costs of railway transport enterprises have been determined. Only with the implementation of a joint mechanism for planning operational costs of railway transport enterprises and operator companies is it possible to solve the complex task of reducing costs, reducing cost, increasing the volume of transportation, effective management of innovation and investment development, and increasing the competitiveness of railway transport. Scientific novelty. an algorithm for the use of tools for substantiating the system of indicators for the management of innovation and investment development of railway transport was developed. Practical significance. The originality and practical value of the research lies in the fact that the article systematizes the key performance indicators of railway transport enterprises, which affect their productivity and efficiency.

FORECASTING THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF FODDER CORN PRODUCERS

Global food security is based on the uninterrupted supply of basic foodstuffs. In their structure, a significant place is given to fodder corn, used for fattening livestock and poultry and therefore exerts a significant influence on the production of meat, milk and eggs. Ukraine occupies an essential position in the world production and export of corn along with the USA, Brazil and Argentina. Components of export potential are unique for each country. At the same time, the growing global demand for fodder corn poses a task for producers to increase productivity, and therefore the production volumes of this crop. Goal. The purpose of the article is to analyze and build predictive models of export volumes to determine the distribution of the world feed corn market of the leading countries, taking into account the current situation related to military aggression in Ukraine. Method. In the process of the research, regression analysis was used to identify the dependence between the level of export volume and indicators of productivity and production prices for the studied countries; the Holt method - was for building predictive models, the results of which are used to forecast the volume of exports based on the constructed multiple regression equation; statistical analysis. The results. In the process of achieving leadership positions in the world fodder corn market, the producers of the studied countries underwent significant quantitative and qualitative changes in the process of crop production. Ukraine has significant potential for increasing the production and export of fodder corn. Considering the military actions in Ukraine, which complicated logistics processes, the study considers three scenarios: ideal - Ukrainian corn producers have the proper conditions for the production and transportation of corn; negative - Ukraine cannot export goods due to a lack of proper conditions for its production; limited - the reduction of cultivated areas, improper observance of agricultural technologies and limitations of logistical capabilities limit the production and export potential of the country. Scientific novelty. The factors affecting the export potential of the leading countries in the production of fodder corn have been identified. A forecast of productivity and production volumes has been developed. A scenario analysis was carried out. Practical significance. The value of the research lies in the development of theoretical and methodological provisions for assessing the country's export potential.

Methodological platform for determining energy efficiency indicators of a complex system

The correct determination of the energy efficiency (EE) of a complex system is a problematic task that requires the use of specialized methods and approaches. Most often, EE is considered as an indicator of the quality-of-service provision, which most fully corresponds to the technical and economic essence of this indicator. The structural and functional organization of the system of such indicators is carried out either on a bottom-up approach or a top-down approach, gradually deploying macroeconomic indicators defined at the system levels. This paper considers the tensor form of organization of the system of such indicators, which allows combining within a single model not only their organizational levels (economy as a whole, economic sectors, enterprises, technologies and equipment), but also the types of activities that reflect these indicators (energy, financial, economic, institutional, environmental, social, etc.), and the factors of changes in energy use (structural, technological, resource, managerial, regulatory, etc.). The paper presents the mapping of this model on the plane of structural and functional factors in the form of classification tables (matrices) of these factors (system elements). The paper describes the procedure for optimizing indicators, which can be carried out for each of these factors separately, their aggregate at each level and for the system as a whole, taking into account the need to implement iterative procedures for coordinating the global (system-wide) goal and local objective functions. Given the use of optimization variables measured in energy and monetary units, this problem is formalized within the framework of the set-theoretic approach. For the purpose of comparing the results, the paper examines the relevant provisions of the International Energy Agency methodology, which uses the direct method of three-factor Laspeyres decomposition analysis, and the Sectoral Methodology for Calculating Harmful Emissions of the Ministry for Communities and Territories Development of Ukraine. Keywords: Energy efficiency, energy efficiency indicators, system analysis, tensor approach.

Development of Marketing Tools to Raise Funds for Green Projects. Experience of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The large-scale implementation of climate protection projects, the latest resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies, and ecological construction measures for the green growth of national economies requires sound financial backing. The mobilization of financial resources for investment and innovation in the environmental area is currently carried out through increased operational activity on the part of banking institutions to stimulate the implementation of green projects along the principles of environmental and socially responsible financing. The development of the green investment market entails the emergence of new innovative marketing services, green investment marketing, which raises the need to develop the respective theoretical and methodological provisions of its use. The study demonstrates that the primary goals of green investment marketing are: the popularization and promotion of green investment among potential stakeholders to attract additional funds for the implementation of measures to achieve the indicative sustainable development goals; the provision of stakeholders with reliable, complete, up-to-date, and credible marketing information on green financial market trends, the structure and dynamics of demand for green investments, and the priorities of corporate and private investors; the development of an effective set of marketing communications to ensure the targeted promotion of green investments.