Methodological Platform Research Articles

Theoretical and methodological provisions regarding the development and implementation of an integral method for assessing the level of information support of the multipurpose real estate cadastre at the regional level

The paper considers the development and implementation of a method for integral assessment of the application level of the multipurpose real estate cadastre at the regional level. Factors affecting the formation and application of the multipurpose real estate cadastre are singled out. The technology for the formation of information-analytical and spatial support of the results of an integrated assessment deserves attention. In addition, the European experience of forming and applying the multipurpose cadastre, determining the factors affecting its creation, and constructing a theoretical and methodological platform for the real estate identification is systematized.
 In modern conditions, the creation of a quantitative basis for the formation and application of the multipurpose real estate cadastre is realized applying the method of integral assessment for making reasonable management decisions at the regional level and developing recommendations for increasing the efficiency of the real estate use.
 Based on the formed quantitative basis based in turn on the results of an integral assessment, it is proposed to carry out mathematical modelling and determine the points of growth of the efficiency of the use of the real estate at the regional level using a multipurpose cadastre. The impact of spatial, urban planning, investment and environmental factors on the formation and application of the multipurpose real estate cadastre is determined.

Nonlinear interdependence of the results of measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels using Abbott and Euroimmun test systems.

There are significant number of tests used to determine the level of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 which differ both in the methods underlying testing and in the antigenic targets used and classes of measured immunoglobulins. Comparison of the results obtained using various tests reveals their significant discrepancy when converted to the WHO recommended standard unit for measuring the level of specific immunoglobulins BAU/mL. The aim of this study is a comparison of anty-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels, measured using test systems based on different methodological platforms - EuroImmun assay and Abbott assay. Abbott uses the immunochemiluminescence method CLIA, EuroImmun uses the enzyme immunoassay method ELISA. The dependences of the measurement error on the level of antibodies for the two test systems were approximated by power functions using the least squares method. The nonlinear relation of antibody levels values measured by Abbott assay and Euroimmun assay was approximated by an asymptotic function. The study involved 112 people. Our results confirm the fallacy of using a single conversion coefficient in BAU/mL for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels measured by Abbott and EuroImmun. To describe the interdependence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Abbott and EuroImmun levels, we offer the function y=18/π arctan(0.0009x) and a calculator that allows to easily recalculate the results obtained using these tests. The non-linear nature of the interdependence of the measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies levels on the levels magnitude is one of the main reasons for the discrepancy between the tests results when converted to BAU/mL using a single conversion coefficient.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СТАТИСТИЧНОЕКОНОМЕТРИЧНИХ І ОПТИМІЗАЦІЙНИХ ПІДХОДІВ ДО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТА ПІДГОТОВКИ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ В ЕКОНОМІЦІ

Both the theoretical and applied potential of modern economic science is quite powerful and depends significantly on the level of development of economic-mathematical, computer and information-technological tools. However, the application of economic-mathematical models, methods and information technologies has its own peculiarities and possibilities in ЕКОНОМІКО-МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ 106 Випуск ІІ (90), 2023 the sense of processing and preparation of statistical or expert information and relevant management decisions, which actualizes them as a separate scientific problem. Aim of the work is isolation and analysis of the most important and fundamental features of the use of statistical-econometric and optimization approaches in theoretical and applied research, which together form a methodological platform for the process of information processing and its application in the preparation of decisions. The characteristic features and conditions of the application of statistical-econometric and optimization approaches in the processes of modeling the economy, preparing and making appropriate management decisions are revealed. The implementation of these approaches in both theoretical and applied research leads to adequate results only when the conceptual and methodological requirements for their use are met. Violation of these requirements, in particular for information provision, creates far from always obvious risks regarding the possibility of using the constructed model or the prepared solution in practice. The specifics of econometric and optimization models that reproduce not only quantitative, but also qualitative characteristics of the studied objects (phenomena, processes, systems) were analyzed. Taking such characteristics into account often leads to modification of certain approaches to modeling and development of management solutions. Certain aspects of information provision of decision-making conditions, formed on the basis of data (knowledge) possessed by the control subsystem about the operating environment of the research object, are substantiated. The characterized features of the statistical-econometric and optimization approaches, which are used in the development of economic-mathematical models and the preparation of management decisions in the economy based on them, have an obvious practical orientation and are directly related to applied research. According to their content, all the stated provisions are practically significant in the sense that they are focused on scientifically based warnings regarding the specifics of using the analyzed tools in practice. The specificity of the conditions of application of the analyzed statistical-econometric and optimization approaches is that, depending on the object of research, these conditions may have their own specific features. The justification of these features is the subject of further research.

METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INNOVATIVE MODERNIZATION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

The methodological tools of innovative modernization of the national economy are investigated.
 It has been determined that for theoretical substantiation of innovative modernization of the national economy, determination of trajectory and clarification of objective tendencies of evolutionary movement, forecasting prospects for formation of innovative system at the level of industry or economy as a whole, the most acceptable methodological platform is evolutionary approach.
 It is stated that the methodology of evolutionary approach is based on biological analogies, evolutionary language of Darwinism, mechanisms and elements of heredity, variability, selection, which determine the evolution of economic institutions. To transfer evolutionary ideas to the study of economic dynamics, a unit of selection is allocated, or an institution that has stability over time, the ability to change, can be transformed.
 It is argued that innovative changes in the national economy are complicated by the dual institutional basis of society and economic entities, which are not always motivated for competitive relations and innovative changes. It is emphasized that innovative modernization of the national economy requires a qualitatively different economic mechanism, which is focused on overcoming the technological lag and structural imbalance and implements the modern trend of economic growth on the basis of high-tech innovative production.
 It is substantiated that the process of modernization requires taking measures to form effective basic institutions of the national economy, efficiency of market mechanisms, mobilization of economic resources and scientific potential for the development of fundamental research and applied developments and implementation of a modern model of the innovation process. 
 It is proved that the methodological synergy of evolutionary and institutional approaches in studying the prospects for innovative modernization of the national economy determines the preservation of links between the essence and form of manifestations of innovations and allows analysing economic institutions in the process of evolution, exploring the influences of evolutionary mechanisms and provides a higher level of theoretical generalizations.

Methodological platform for determining energy efficiency indicators of a complex system

The correct determination of the energy efficiency (EE) of a complex system is a problematic task that requires the use of specialized methods and approaches. Most often, EE is considered as an indicator of the quality-of-service provision, which most fully corresponds to the technical and economic essence of this indicator. The structural and functional organization of the system of such indicators is carried out either on a bottom-up approach or a top-down approach, gradually deploying macroeconomic indicators defined at the system levels. This paper considers the tensor form of organization of the system of such indicators, which allows combining within a single model not only their organizational levels (economy as a whole, economic sectors, enterprises, technologies and equipment), but also the types of activities that reflect these indicators (energy, financial, economic, institutional, environmental, social, etc.), and the factors of changes in energy use (structural, technological, resource, managerial, regulatory, etc.). The paper presents the mapping of this model on the plane of structural and functional factors in the form of classification tables (matrices) of these factors (system elements). The paper describes the procedure for optimizing indicators, which can be carried out for each of these factors separately, their aggregate at each level and for the system as a whole, taking into account the need to implement iterative procedures for coordinating the global (system-wide) goal and local objective functions. Given the use of optimization variables measured in energy and monetary units, this problem is formalized within the framework of the set-theoretic approach. For the purpose of comparing the results, the paper examines the relevant provisions of the International Energy Agency methodology, which uses the direct method of three-factor Laspeyres decomposition analysis, and the Sectoral Methodology for Calculating Harmful Emissions of the Ministry for Communities and Territories Development of Ukraine. Keywords: Energy efficiency, energy efficiency indicators, system analysis, tensor approach.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EDUCATIONAL COMPONENTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PhD PROGRAM IN THE SPECIALTY OF GEODESY AND LAND SURVEYING

It has been proven that the development and implementation of educational programs that shape the educational space and the possibilities of ensuring territorial development at various levels are of particular importance for training a qualified specialist. In this context, the characterization of the educational components of the implementation of PhD programs in geodesy and land management is a relevant and timely issue. The implementation of the PhD educational program is aimed at training a highly qualified, competitive specialist in the field of geodesy and land management by deepening and improving theoretical knowledge and practical skills, professional skills in the field of architecture and construction in the field of geodesy and land management, improving language and philosophical competences, forming the ability to conduct research and creation of modern systems of geospatial support and land use for the development of cities and regions. As a result of the study, the educational components of the implementation of the PhD program in geodesy and land management were characterized. Within the framework of the educational and scientific program, it is proposed to additionally characterize the components of the territorial development of land use in the regions. In particular, geospatial components are defined, where cartographic support, directions and possibilities of application of geoinformation systems and technologies are characterized, territorial, functional, socio-economic factors are distinguished. Urban planning, investment and ecological factors of territorial development of land use in the region are characterized. The educational components of the implementation of the PhD program in geodesy and land management are characterized. Competences are defined, which allows for the formation of a systematic approach to the training of specialists. It should be noted that the implementation of the educational program is formed through a range of issues related to the training of highly qualified specialists who are able to formulate and solve complex scientific and practical tasks in the field of geodesy and land management and implement the results of scientific research. Features of the application of the program include the possibility of taking into account the directions and features of territorial development and the efficiency of land use at the regional level. Mastering the presented program allows you to form an educational environment that takes into account the possibilities of using modern geodetic and geospatial tools, the provisions of the theoretical and methodological platform, and is aimed at ensuring the territorial development of the region and increasing the efficiency of land use. Keywords: educational components, PhD, educational programs, geodesy and land management, territorial development of the region, land use, geodetic and geospatial support.

Thermodynamics in Stochastic Conway’s Game of Life

Cellular automata can simulate many complex physical phenomena using the power of simple rules. The presented methodological platform expresses the concept of programmable matter, of which Newton’s laws of motion are an example. Energy is introduced as the equivalent of the “Game of Life” mass, which can be treated as the first level of approximation. The temperature presence and propagation was calculated for various lattice topologies and boundary conditions, using the Shannon entropy measure. This study provides strong evidence that, despite the principle of mass and energy conservation not being fulfilled, the entropy, mass distribution, and temperature approach thermodynamic equilibrium. In addition, the described cellular automaton system transitions from a positive to a negative temperature, which stabilizes and can be treated as a signature of a system in equilibrium. The system dynamics is presented for a few species of cellular automata competing for maximum presence on a given lattice with different boundary conditions.

Factors of formation of organizational culture of modern logistics enterprises: general and special

Introduction. The changes that occurred in the global and national economic environments led to increased attention to the activities of logistics enterprises, increased competition in the logistics services market, the need to enhance the economic efficiency of their activities and competitiveness, which are largely determined by the quality of management and, first of all, the type and level of organizational cultures of these enterprises. In its formation, an objective and comprehensive diagnosis of factors influencing the choice of a model of organizational culture, methodological approaches to its construction, considering the type of goals and tasks of modern logistics enterprises, is of decisive importance, which determines the need for the development of a modern theoretical and methodological platform for their solution.Purpose – the development of theoretical and methodological basis of the formation of the organizational culture of enterprises and organizations and the development of proposals regarding the analysis of factors that affect this and must be taken into account in the activities of logistics enterprises in the conditions of modern challenges.Methods. The research is based on a systems approach, including a set of the following methods: analysis and synthesis, systematization, expert evaluation of the internal and external environment of the organization, PEST analysis, comparative analysis.Results. On the basis of the analysis of theoretical investigations of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the problem of the organizational culture of enterprises and the factors affecting its formation, we put forward and substantiated the hypothesis about the expediency of considering the research problem through a combination of general and special, taking into account the specifics of the activities of various types of organizations, the content of their work, which is important for strategic and situational management. Methodical approaches to (selection of a criterion base) classification of factors for the formation of the organizational culture of enterprises are generalized and supplemented with factors that express the specificity of their functional activity. The activities of various types of logistics enterprises in the conditions of modern challenges are analyzed (the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, military actions of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, problems related to the destruction of the energy system of Ukraine and transport infrastructure, trends towards the decline of economic dynamics in the world, etc.). There is a well-founded need to update analytical diagnostics taking into account changes in the external environment of logistics enterprises, focusing on strengthening the factors of increasing competitive advantages and competitiveness of these enterprises.Discussions. Further scientific research should be focused on the empirical analysis of the practice of forming the organizational culture of various types of logistics enterprises, the peculiarities of their organizational culture’s adaptation to digitalization and remote work.

A novel UPLC-ESI-MS assay for fifteen portal estrogens and metabolites detection and application in hepatic fibrosis

Estrogens and their metabolites (EMs) are involved in chronic liver disease and gut microbiota regulates estrogen metabolism, whereas the role of enterogenous EMs in liver disease is still elusive. Because of the extremely low level of EMs in portal serum and the EMs contain multiple pairs of isomers, an accurate determination of portal serum EMs is urgently needed. This study established a quantitative detection method for portal serum EMs and applied to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) related hepatic fibrosis mice model. The serum was derived with a novel derivatization reagent 4-acetyl aminobenzene sulfonyl chloride, and a UPLC-ESI-MS system was used for quantification of 15 EMs in 120 min. Compared with normal group, the concentrations of E1, E2 in model group were significantly decreased by 4–8 times, all the C2 and C4 substitution products (2-OHE1, 2-OHE2, 2-MeOE1, 4-OHE1, 4-MeOE1, 4-OHE2, 4-MeOE2, 2-MeOE2) were significantly decreased by 2–22 times. However, the C16 and C17 substitution products (E3, 16-epiE3, 17-epiE3, 16-ketoE2) levels were increased by 3–5 times (P < 0.01). This study elucidated the changes of enterogenous EMs which entered the liver via portal vein in NAFLD - related hepatic fibrosis and provided methodological platform for other related studies on estrogen metabolism.

Electrophoretic Assembly of Antibody–Antigen Complexes Facilitates 1000 Times Improvement in the Limit of Detection of Serological Paper-Based Assay

Serological assays detect the presence of specific antibodies in blood. There are urgent and important applications for serological point-of-care (POC) assays. However, available detection methods are either insufficiently sensitive or too complex for POC settings. Here, we demonstrate that lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), which is arguably the simplest universal molecular detection approach, can serve as a methodological platform for highly sensitive serological POC assays if combined with a simple, fast, and inexpensive electrophoretic step. In this work, we compared such electrophoretically driven LFIA (eLFIA) with conventional LFIA for the detection of immunoglobulins G against hepatitis B and C in serum. The limit of detection of eLFIA was proven to be 1000 times lower than that of conventional LFIA and sufficiently low to support clinical serological tests. eLFIA takes less than 10 min, requires only a minor accessory powered by a small 9 V battery, and can be performed by an untrained person in the POC environment using a 3 μL specimen of finger-prick capillary blood.

Probabilistic Validation: Theoretical Foundation and Methodological Platform

Abstract Addressing safety concerns in commercial nuclear power plants (NPPs) often requires the use of advanced modeling and simulation (M&amp;S) in association with the probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). Advanced M&amp;S are also needed to accelerate the analysis, design, licensing, and operationalization of advanced nuclear reactors. However, before a simulation model can be used for PRA, its validity must be adequately established. The objective of this research is to develop a systematic and scientifically justifiable validation methodology, namely, probabilistic validation (PV), to facilitate the validity evaluation (especially when validation data are not sufficiently available) of advanced simulation models that are used for PRA in support of risk-informed decision-making and regulation. This paper is the first in a series of two papers related to PV that provides the theoretical foundation and methodological platform. The second paper applies the PV methodological platform for a case study of fire PRA of NPPs. Although the PV methodology is explained in the context of PRA of the nuclear industry, it is grounded on a cross-disciplinary review of literature and so applicable to validation of simulation models, in general, not necessarily associated with PRA or nuclear applications.

Patient-derived podocyte spheroids reveal new insights into the etiopathogenesis of Alport syndrome

Alport syndrome (AS) is a rare disease characterized by defective glomerular basement membranes, caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5, which synthesize collagen type IV. Patients present with progressive proteinuria, hematuria and podocyte loss. There is currently no cure for Alport syndrome, and this is mainly due to its complex and variable pathogenesis, as well as the lack of models that can faithfully mimic the human phenotype. Here we have developed a novel human culture model of Alport syndrome and used it to study the effects of different mutations on podocyte development and biology. First, we established a differentiation protocol that allowed us to generate podocyte spheroids from patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We have then carried out discovery proteomics and demonstrated that a total of 178 proteins were differentially expressed between Alport (AS1 and AS3) and control (LT) podocytes. GO analysis indicated alterations in several metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, RNA maturation, chromatin condensation, and proliferation. Although functional assays showed no changes in lactate production and mitochondrial potential compared to healthy controls, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy analysis showed key morphological changes related to the phenotypical maturation of Alport podocytes. Moreover, the studied mutations led to persistent proliferation, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the concomitant expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ (PPARα and PPARγ) in podocytes. These data on patient-derived podocytes provide evidence that collagen mutations, in addition to playing a central role in the defective development of the glomerular filtration barrier, cause significant alterations in podocyte development and metabolism very early in development, even before the formation of the filtering apparatus. In conclusion, our study provides a new methodological platform for the differentiation of podocytes and to study human podocytopathies in a personalized manner, and reveals new insights into the etiopathogenesis and pathobiology of Alport syndrome.

Design of Methodological Platform to Support the Integration of Standardized Quality Management Systems Applicable in the Mining Industry

Although quality management systems are discussed in the professional field, methodological recommendations guiding modification processes related to the integration or conversion of standardized quality management systems are absent in both scientific and professional circles. The presented paper reflects on these facts and offers an instance of the development and application of a new methodology that would help in decision-making processes in companies. Although the authors' methodology is presented in the context of educational institutions, given the aim of ISO 9001 and the need for changes in the sectors related to ensuring increasingly high-quality processes in companies, this methodology can also be applied in the mining industry, the manufacturing sector and service sector. The Slovak Accreditation Agency for Higher Education (SAAHE) issued new quality standards for Slovak universities in 2020 (SAAS 2020). The previous accreditation rules determined requirements and criteria for quality management system (QMS) implementation, maintenance and improvement. Therefore, some Slovak universities implemented ISO 9001 in the past. It is necessary to convert their QMS from ISO 9001 to SAAS 2020. The main objectives of this paper are: to identify selected common requirements of both standards, to define three basic dimensions of QMS conversion, to use vector analysis for quantifying conversion relevance (CR) and conversion strength (CS) and to recommend which requirement should be preserved or converted. Conversion is vector AB, where initial position A = (Ax, Ay, Az) represents ISO 9001 and the new position B = (Bx, By, Bz) represents SAAS 2020.

Exploring the interrelationship between the skin microbiome and skin volatiles: A pilot study

Unravelling the interplay between a human’s microbiome and physiology is a relevant task for understanding the principles underlying human health and disease. With regard to human chemical communication, it is of interest to elucidate the role of the microbiome in shaping or generating volatiles emitted from the human body. In this study, we characterized the microbiome and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) sampled from the neck and axilla of ten participants (five male, five female) on two sampling days, by applying different methodological approaches. Volatiles emitted from the respective skin site were collected for 20 min using textile sampling material and analyzed on two analytical columns with varying polarity of the stationary phase. Microbiome samples were analyzed by a culture approach coupled with MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and a 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S RNA) sequencing approach. Statistical and advanced data analysis methods revealed that classification of body sites was possible by using VOC and microbiome data sets. Higher classification accuracy was achieved by combination of both data pools. Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Streptococcus, Lawsonella, Anaerococcus, and Corynebacterium species were found to contribute to classification of the body sites by the microbiome. Alkanes, esters, ethers, ketones, aldehydes and cyclic structures were used by the classifier when VOC data were considered. The interdisciplinary methodological platform developed here will enable further investigations of skin microbiome and skin VOCs alterations in physiological and pathological conditions.

Prerequisites for the formation of gold spreads on the Ukrainian Shield and on its southern framing

The presence of numerous native gold deposits of the Ukrainian Crystalline Shield (UCS), as well as the spread of placer gold manifestations, determines the high probability of the formation of precious metal placers with industrial parameters here. The main factors and geological conditions that contribute to the formation of gold placers are manifested in the UCS. An important reason for the failures of previous geological works is the outdated scientific and methodological platform, which involved the search for typical gold-bearing deposits with metal of gravity classes of size. The possibility of significant movement of placer gold in the clayey water flow and the formation of long-distance placers was not taken into account. The traditional slack method used in the study did not make it possible to determine the actual gold content when particles with a size smaller than 0.25 mm predominate in the sample, which is precisely the particle size of the primary sources of the UCS. The applied means of research could not be effective in the absence of the necessary analytical base for determining the gold content, modern methods of studying the geological structure and tectonics of the territories. The negative results did not provide any real grounds for further specialized large-scale research and prospecting for placer gold. Today, it is becoming obvious that placer gold of small and fine grades can easily move over considerable distances in the water flow and form accumulations not only in boulder-pebble material, but also in pelite sediments. As a result of repeated changes in the tectonic plan of block movements, gold-bearing accumulations could be eroded and redeposited in secondary reservoirs. In this aspect, neotectonic studies (using materials from space surveys) become the main predictive and prospecting method for identifying promising areas of placer gold concentration in the region. Field work should be carried out using drilling and modern methods of laboratory analysis of samples for gold. The results of many years of research give hope for the discovery of real placer gold deposits in the Northern Black Sea region in the near future.

Semenychev V. K., Khmeleva G. A., Korobetskaya A. A. Methodology and Digital Platform for Analyzing the Dynamics of Industry Cycles for a Balanced and Sustainable Spatial Development of Russia. Samara: Samara Scientifi c Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. 348 p

Semenychev V. K., Khmeleva G. A., Korobetskaya A. A. Methodology and Digital Platform for Analyzing the Dynamics of Industry Cycles for a Balanced and Sustainable Spatial Development of Russia. Samara: Samara Scientifi c Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. 348 p

STANDARDIZATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL AND AUDIT BODIES

The article discusses the internal control standards adopted by the Internal Control Standards Committee of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions, the construction and work process of the internal control system that meets these goals, the purpose and tasks of standardization, as well as the role of these standards in financial control and auditing. The articlealso provides information on the application of standards developed by the members of the Internal Control Standards Committee of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions. Their educational perspectives are presented both in the context of good supervisory practices and in the context of examples of identified supervisory weaknesses. Purpose: The main purpose of the standards of financial control and auditing is to regulate the professional activity of private auditors and audit companies and to achieve the greatest objectivity in giving an opinion on the reliability of the audit, as well as to establish uniform quality criteria for comparing audit results. International audit standards are necessary to form uniform basic requirements that define the standards for audit quality and reliability and ensure a certain level of assurance of audit results by strictly observing all of the above requirements. Methodology: Induction, deduction and analysis methods were used in the research work. The result of the research: The presence of a single methodological platform in the standards of different types of control will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of all types of fifinancial control, as well as the possibilities of convergence between them. The introduction of uniform standards and the strengthening of the integration of financial control and audit institutions at different levels will allow the creation of a financial and budget control database, which, in turn, will allow not only more efficient planning of the work of all structural elements of the financialcontrol system, but also the preventio n of violations of the norms of financial and budget legislation. it will be the basis for imposing restrictions on the management positions of officials.

Количественная оценка адаптации занятости населения в российских регионах к условиям неопределенности

Volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA), characteristic for current socio-economic development, significantly affect the vital activity of society, as well as the fundamental principles of economic development. This situation requires the creation and implementation of adaptation mechanisms. The study aims to quantify the adaptation of employment to the conditions of the VUCA world in Russian regions. It is hypothesised that the employment of the population in Russian regions with different levels and types of economic development is not adapted to the conditions of the VUCA world. The article analysed a theoretical and methodological platform for examining the labour market and employment that presents Russian and foreign experience. The study revealed the effects of the VUCA world on employment: accelerated response of quantitative employment parameters to economic changes (including by increasing the mobility of workers); post-industrial transformation of the employment structure; formation and dissemination of non-standard forms of employment. The developed methodology for assessing the adaptation of employment to the conditions of the VUCA world was applied to evaluate the key characteristics of this process. The methodology was tested in a number of Russian regions that differ in the level and type of economic development by analysing statistical data for the period 2014–2019. At the present stage, a low and average degree of adaptation of employment is recorded, regardless of the socio-economic development of regions. The proposed comprehensive recommendations are aimed at solving the key problems of adapting employment to the conditions of the VUCA world and are addressed to the subjects of social and labour relations.

Increasing yield of in vitro transcription reaction with at-line high pressure liquid chromatography monitoring.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented rate of development of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines, which are produced by in vitro transcription reactions. The latter has been the focus of intense development to increase productivity and decrease cost. Optimization of in vitro transcription (IVT) depends on understanding the impact of individual reagents on the kinetics of mRNA production and the consumption of building blocks, which is hampered by slow, low-throughput, end-point analytics. We implemented a workflow based on rapid at-line high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) monitoring of consumption of nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) with concomitant production of mRNA, with a sub-3 min read-out, allowing for adjustment of IVT reaction parameters with minimal time lag. IVT was converted to fed-batch resulting in doubling the reaction yield compared to batch IVT protocol, reaching 10 mg/ml for multiple constructs. When coupled with exonuclease digestion, HPLC analytics for quantification of mRNA was extended to monitoring capping efficiency of produced mRNA. When HPLC monitoring was applied to production of an anti-reverse cap analog (ARCA)-capped mRNA construct, which requires an approximate 4:1 ARCA:guanidine triphosphate ratio, the optimized fed-batch approach achieved productivity of 9 mg/ml with 79% capping. The study provides a methodological platform for optimization of factors influencing IVT reactions, converting the reaction from batch to fed-batch mode, determining reaction kinetics, which are critical for optimization of continuous addition of reagents, thus in principle enabling continuous manufacturing of mRNA.

Bible code in Bashlachev's lyrics. Book review: Gavrikov, V.A. (2021). Eschatology of Bashlachev: Monograph. Moscow, Kaluga, Venice: Bull Terrier Records. (In Russ.)

The author discusses the specifics of the book under review, describes V.A. Gavrikov main research approaches to Bashlachev's texts, and defines the methodological platform of the monograph. The fruitfulness of considering the poetic world of Bashlachev through the “bible” prism is proved. The relevance of the monograph by V.A. Gavrikov, due to the need to study the artistic ontology of Bashlachev in a linguo-poetic perspective. The main results of the study are identified, their theoretical and historical-literary significance is stated.