METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INNOVATIVE MODERNIZATION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

Abstract

The methodological tools of innovative modernization of the national economy are investigated.
 It has been determined that for theoretical substantiation of innovative modernization of the national economy, determination of trajectory and clarification of objective tendencies of evolutionary movement, forecasting prospects for formation of innovative system at the level of industry or economy as a whole, the most acceptable methodological platform is evolutionary approach.
 It is stated that the methodology of evolutionary approach is based on biological analogies, evolutionary language of Darwinism, mechanisms and elements of heredity, variability, selection, which determine the evolution of economic institutions. To transfer evolutionary ideas to the study of economic dynamics, a unit of selection is allocated, or an institution that has stability over time, the ability to change, can be transformed.
 It is argued that innovative changes in the national economy are complicated by the dual institutional basis of society and economic entities, which are not always motivated for competitive relations and innovative changes. It is emphasized that innovative modernization of the national economy requires a qualitatively different economic mechanism, which is focused on overcoming the technological lag and structural imbalance and implements the modern trend of economic growth on the basis of high-tech innovative production.
 It is substantiated that the process of modernization requires taking measures to form effective basic institutions of the national economy, efficiency of market mechanisms, mobilization of economic resources and scientific potential for the development of fundamental research and applied developments and implementation of a modern model of the innovation process. 
 It is proved that the methodological synergy of evolutionary and institutional approaches in studying the prospects for innovative modernization of the national economy determines the preservation of links between the essence and form of manifestations of innovations and allows analysing economic institutions in the process of evolution, exploring the influences of evolutionary mechanisms and provides a higher level of theoretical generalizations.