Pumping Method Research Articles

OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTION ON WELL-11 WITH PUMP SETTING DEPTH VARIATION IN ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP (ESP) METHOD AT K-U FIELD

Well 11 is a production well in the K-U field that has a decreased pressure so it requires an artificial lift levitation method so it can help produce fluids to the surface. The use of Electrical Submersible Pump method has an actual flow rate 665 bpd less than flow rate of curve IPR in a mount of 915 bpd. After the evaluation of variation value pump setting depth, the redesign pump discharged with a different psd variation. After redesign the depth of the pump, it obtained 5500 psd ft with the amount of stage 343, the type of the pump from IND-750 with operation frequency 60Hz produce flow rate 905 bpd.

Оптический магнитометрический датчик для магнитоэнцефалографического комплекса

A new implementation of the method of optical pumping of alkaline atoms in the scheme of a highly sensitive compact single-beam sensor of a nonzero magnetic field is proposed, which allows it to be used as part of a magnetoencephalographic complex with a remote laser pumping source. The proposed method makes it possible, in particular, to pump an array of sensors with a single source of polarization-modulated resonant radiation connected to sensors by means of polarization-supporting optical fibers. A model experiment has been carried out confirming the principle feasibility and effectiveness of the method.

Optical magnetometric sensor for magnetoencephalographic complexes

A new implementation of the method of optical pumping of alkaline atoms in the scheme of a highly sensitive compact single-beam sensor of a nonzero magnetic field is proposed, which allows it to be used as part of a magnetoencephalographic complex with a remote laser pumping source. The proposed method makes it possible, in particular, to pump an array of sensors with a single source of polarization-modulated resonant radiation connected to sensors by means of polarization-supporting optical fibers. A model experiment has been carried out confirming the principle feasibility and effectiveness of the method. Keywords: Optically detectable magnetic resonance, quantum magnetometer, magnetoencephalography.

SIMULATION OF OPERATION PUMP –STATION WATER IN IRAQ AND CHALLENGES FACING ITS OPERATION WITH POWER SYSTEM

This paper’s research focuses on real problems suffered by pump stations during their connection with the national electric network, in our paper, we will take negative effects that appear in the pump stations with power flow parameters, voltage, active and reactive power current loading, and total losses. Using an electric network have 28 Buses (test2) as a simulation of Iraq’s electric network. Firstly, we will connect a pump station has a capacity of power equal to 75 MVA and do an analysis by the Neplan program which uses the Newton Raphson method to calculate load flow, after that we are solving problems by using FACT'S system (SVC, UPFC, and capacitor bank). also taken the problem of power equality as the effect of Harmonic which produced from electronic devices “soft start of the pump station and method treatment by passive filter first order. At last, we are studying the effect of fault current and how to reduce the effect by using the Current Limiting Reactor (CLR).

Регулирование температуры конденсации парокомпрессионного теплового насоса на базе поршневой длинноходовой компрессорной ступени при фиксированных температурах воспринимающего теплоносителя

The theoretical cycle of a heat pump is considered, which is implemented, among other things, on the basis of a reciprocating long-stroke low-speed compressor stage at fixed temperatures of the receiving coolant. The energy components are the indicated power of the compressor, the heating capacity of the consumer, the additional heating capacity supplied to the working fluid of the heat pump before the compression process, as well as the additional heating capacity supplied to the working fluid of the heat pump or removed from it during the compression process. As independent control parameters, the following are considered: the ratio of the mass flow rates of the working fluid of the heat pump and the receiving coolant; overheating of the working fluid of the heat pump at suction and compression polytropic index. The analysis of possible design and non-design modes of operation of the heat pump with fixed operating parameters of the consumer is carried out. A technique has been developed for determining the thermodynamic efficiency of an ideal heat pump with various methods of adjustment of the condensing temperature. The relationship between the conversion factor of a heat pump and various methods of adjustment of the condensation temperature when using water vapor as its working fluid has been studied. The presented results of the theoretical analysis reflect the nature of the dependence of the heating capacity and the conversion factor of the heat pump on the ratio of the mass flow rates of the receiving coolant and the working fluid of the heat pump, the polytropic index of the compression process, and superheating of the suction steam.

ADAPTION IN WASHING LIQUID PACKAGING SYSTEM

The aim of this project is to design a system for filling soap oil into pockets using a piston pump injection method. The system includes a piston pump that has two non-return valves (NRVs) inside it. The lower NRV opens when oil enters the pump. The upper NRV opens and the lower NRV closes during delivery. The piston pump method provides low power, high efficiency deliveries, making it the ideal choice for this project. The system design includes the selection and sizing of the pump, valves, and other necessary components, as well as the development of a control system to regulate the flow rate and timing of the pump. The system is intended to be reliable, efficient, and cost-effective.Overall, this project aims to develop a piston pump-based system for filling soap oil into pockets that meets the requirements for high efficiency, low power consumption, and reliability.

FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL TO PROCESS CHANGE IRRADIATION AND TEMPERATURE IN THE SOLAR CELL BY CONTROLLING FOR MAXIMUM POWER POINT

This paper presents intelligent control methods to get the maximum power point (MPPT) to be a photovoltaic system that operates with high efficiency when weather conditions change as well as fluctuations in temperatures resulting from sunlight. The proposed method of controlling by fuzzy control techniques is applied with a Direct current to Direct current (DC-DC) converter device. The important steps of the control unit for integrated design. The photovoltaic system, which was designed by Matlab / Simulink, was implemented with simulations of autonomous water pumping techniques. Comparison of results with simulations without MPPT control. We have noticed that the system in the case of using the MPPT that was used in the fuzzy logic unit gave high efficiency for the energy production from the solar cell the crucial control unit steps for integrated design. Simulated autonomous water pumping methods were used to implement the Matlab/Simulink-designed photovoltaic system. Results comparison with simulations lacking MPPT control. We have observed that the system provided great efficiency for the energy generation from the solar cell in the event of using the MPPT that was used in the fuzzy logic unit.

Quantitative Measurement of Interface State Density in Donor-Acceptor Polymer Transistors

Donor-Acceptor (D-A) polymer field-effect transistors (pFETs) are at the cutting edge of organic electronics. However, some fundamental cognition of interface states remains unquantified, particularly at different dynamic scales. In this study, the interface states of D-A polymer transistors are quantified using the dynamic pumping method. The experimental results indicate that the interface state density of the transistor is insensitive to the measurement pulse condition and stays within the range of 1012 1013 cm-2. The experiments described in this paper provide a quantitative analysis of interface states. This analysis can serve as effective guidance for optimizing future devices.

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF IOT BASED SOLAR POWERED BATTERY OPERATED SPRAY ROVER

A farm's spraying operation is crucial. Pesticides are sprayed on plants to protect them from insect assault. Farmers still use the old-fashioned hand pump method to spray insecticides on their crops. Although it's crucial to produce high-quality plants that yield more and to turn a healthy profit, we also care about farmer safety. Health problems are caused by these insecticides. In comparison to drones, it is less effective for longer distances and costs more, making it unaffordable for small-scale farmers. They participated manually and carried their sprayer for fertiliser on their shoulders. Farmers get health problems as a result of fertiliser inhalation while they are spraying. Farmers typically utilise a hand-operated spray pump or fuel for spraying. Due to the construction's excessive weight and practical impracticality in hell, the usual spraying results in injuries or weariness for the user. This inspires scientists to create and simulate a solar-powered spray machine. We provide our projects as a remedy for the aforementioned agricultural issues. Another goal of this design is to eliminate vibration while still employing a gasoline-operated spray pump, overcome handling-related casualties when performing spraying, and create an environmentally friendly spray machine by removing fuel. Farmers can spray pesticides at a fixed or adjustable height with the aid of an agricultural spray rover.

Modulation of non-adiabatic alignment of N<sub>2</sub> molecule by femtosecond laser pulses

The alignment of molecules in the femtosecond laser field induces the refractive index of the propagation medium to change, resulting in the spectral modulation effect. In this paper, the time evolution of the wavelength offset of a probe laser pulse under the influence of the non-adiabatic molecular alignment and Kerr effect is measured experimentally by the pump-probe method in nitrogen medium, and the alignment degree of N<sub>2</sub> molecules is obtained. By solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation theoretically, the expression of the degree of molecular non-adiabatic alignment is obtained, and the time evolution of non-adiabatic alignment of N<sub>2</sub> molecules is calculated. Taking into account the combined influence of the non-adiabatic molecular alignment and Kerr effect on the change of refractive index of the propagation medium, the modulation effect of birefringence on the spectrum of the probe pulse is achieved. The experimental result accords well with the theoretical calculation, demonstrating that the spectral modulation results obtained by experimental measurement can be used to characterize the alignment degree. Further, the double pulse pump method is used to control the degree of molecular alignment. It is found that the degree of molecular alignment can be enhanced by the double pulse pump method. Moreover, by adjusting the delay time between the two pump laser pulses, that is, adding the second pump laser pulse at one rotational period and half rotational period, respectively, the enhancement and loss of the alignment of N<sub>2</sub> molecules can be achieved, which is named the “alignment switch” effect. The molecular alignment control induced by the double pulse pump method can also be applied to the other molecular systems with different alignment and anti-alignment times, such as CO<sub>2</sub> molecules and O<sub>2</sub> molecules, indicating that the double pulse pump method can be used universally.

Nateglinide Modified Release Dosage Form Using Elementary Osmotic Pump and Push Pull Osmotic Pump Methods: Formulation and in-vivo evaluation

Objective: The aim was to develop osmotic tablets of nateglinide by two methods namely elementary osmotic pump (EOP) and push-pull osmotic pump (PPOP) method for controlled drug release.
 Methods: The tablets were prepared by the wet granulation and were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters, in-vitro dissolution and in-vitro dissolution. The optimised formulation obtained in both methods was further characterised for FTIR, stability studies and pharmacokinetic studies.
 Results: In EOP method coated tablet F14 showing highest drug release of 98.82%. In PPOP formulation FF14 was optimized with highest drug release of 99.97% and also its granules were having better flow property. Both F14 and FF14 were further characterized for FTIR, which showed no significant interaction and the accelerated studies indicated formulations were stable for 3months. The in-vivo studies in rabbits revealead Cmax of the optimised formulation (FF14) was 469.67±0.034 ng/ml, and the Cmax of the marketed product was 401.27±0.08 ng/ml. The Tmax of the formulation and the pure drug were 6.0±0.07 h and 1.5±0.04 h, respectively. The AUC0-infinity of the FF14 was higher ((2829.83±1.47 ng.h/ml) than the marketed suspension (1310.62±0.82 ng.h/ml). The AUC0-t of the FF14 formulation was significantly higher than that of the marketed product (p<0.05).
 Conclusion: A better improvement in-vitro dissolution profile and bioavailability of the osmotic tablet of nateglinide was observed using PPOP method.

Biopolymeric Capsules Containing Different Oils as Rejuvenating Agents for Asphalt Self-Healing: A Novel Multivariate Approach.

This study evaluated the effect of two encapsulation methods (i.e., dropping funnel and syringe pump), two concentrations of the alginate-based encapsulating material (2%, and 3%), and three oils as bitumen rejuvenators (virgin sunflower oil, waste cooking oil, and virgin engine oil) on the morphological, physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of encapsulated rejuvenators for asphalt self-healing purposes. A general factorial design 2 × 2 × 3 was proposed to design 12 different Ca-alginate capsules. Significant differences on the morphological, physical, and mechanical properties of the capsules were analysed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD Post Hoc analyses. The effect of the type of oil on the self-healing capacity of cracked bitumen samples was also evaluated. The main results showed that the design parameters and their interactions significantly affected the morphological, physical, and mechanical properties of the capsules. Capsules synthesised via syringe pump method, with virgin cooking oil and 2% alginate was the most appropriate for asphalt self-healing purposes since its uniform morphology, encapsulation efficiency up to 80%, thermal degradation below 5% wt., and compressive strength above the reference asphalt compaction load of 10 N. Finally, the healing tests showed that virgin cooking oil can be potentially used as a rejuvenator to promote asphalt crack-healing.

Developments and Challenges in the Design of the ITER DRGA

The ITER Diagnostic Residual Gas Analyzer (DRGA) will measure the distribution of gas species, i.e., deuterium (D), tritium (T), and impurities, in the divertor exhaust stream and in the plasma periphery, with time resolution relevant to fusion plasma–wall particle dynamics. The uniqueness of the DRGA, over previous implementations of plasma dynamics residual gas analysis, is an integrated approach, combining mass and low-temperature plasma-activated optical spectroscopy, in a differentially pumped analysis station. A further unique feature of the ITER divertor-specific DRGA is an ~8-m separation of the analysis station from the sampled pumping duct, while still maintaining a ~1-s response time for hydrogen isotopic concentrations. ITER DRGA final design activities are strongly benefiting from testing of prototypical DRGA components and methods on present fusion devices, most currently on JET and W7-X. DRGA systems are implemented on both these devices and include sensors (and pumping methods) that are directly relevant to the ITER DRGA design. The recent JET-DTE2 campaign has provided the first experience on operating the combined ITER DRGA sensors with D-T plasmas. While enhancing system design for ITER, this experience on operating devices has also revealed additional engineering challenges, which further guide the continuing final design project. Meanwhile, the recent determination that the ITER DRGA, with slight optimization, will resolve the helium isotopes well enough to support an ITER pre-DT, He-3-based heating scheme, has greatly increased ITER Research Program interest in the DRGA and its implementation well ahead of the DT phase.

PUMP AND DUMP CRIMINAL OVERVIEW ACCORDING TO CAPITAL MARKET LAW NO. 8 YEAR 1995

This study aims to look at the Juridical Review of the Pump and Dump crime in capital market transactions on the Indonesia Stock Exchange based on the Capital Market Law. The main problem that the author discusses and analyzes in this research is the form of the Pump and Dump crime in capital market transactions on the Indonesia Stock Exchange based on the Capital Market Law and the proof of the Pump & Dump crime in the capital market (Case Study of TAXI and LUCK Issuers). The research method is a normative legal research method with a law approach and a case approach. Based on the analysis and provisions of the Capital Market Law, the author concludes that the Pump and Dump crime in capital market transactions on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, can be seen in its form based on certain patterns and methods. The form of the pump and dump pattern and method is in accordance with the elements of market manipulation as stipulated in the provisions of Articles 90 to 93 of the Capital Market Law. To prove that a pump and dump crime has occurred, evidence can be used as regulated in the Criminal Procedure Code.

Synchronous vertical propagation mechanism of multiple hydraulic fractures in shale oil formations interlayered with thin sandstone

To investigate the synchronous vertical propagation mechanism of multiple hydraulic fractures in shale oil formations interlayered with thin sandstone (SIS), we conduct a series of accurate, triaxial, hydraulic fracturing experiments using artificial SIS samples and analyze the effects of the formation dip angle and vertical stress difference on the penetration behavior of a single hydraulic fracture. Further, we develop a numerical model for the synchronous propagation of multiple fractures in SIS formations on a field scale using a three-dimensional lattice algorithm and investigate the controlling effects of the critical fracturing operation parameters on the penetration behavior of multiple hydraulic fractures. Increasing the formation dip angle inhibits the ability of the hydraulic fractures to penetrate the interlayer in the longitudinal direction significantly, while increasing the vertical, in-situ stress difference can improve this penetration ability. When the length of the segment to be fractured remains fixed, too many or few fractures are unfavorable to the longitudinal extension of the hydraulic fractures. When the segment to be fractured includes five perforation clusters, multiple hydraulic fractures on the outside can better penetrate the sandstone interlayer and enter the adjacent shale layers. Appropriately increasing the injection rate and viscosity of the fracturing fluid can enhance the penetration and extension ability of the outer hydraulic fractures; however, massive injections enhance the communication between the intermediate fractures and weaken the penetration and expansion ability of the outer fractures. An injection rate of the fracturing fluid equal to 12 m3/min can produce a better layer-penetration hydraulic-fracturing effect. When the method of intermittent pumping at a decreased injection rate of the fracturing fluid is used for fracturing under cyclic loading of first high and then low loads, the ability of multiple fractures to penetrate the interlayer in the longitudinal direction can improve further. The obtained results can provide a deeper understanding of the synchronous longitudinal propagation mechanism of multiple fractures in SIS formations, thereby providing more accurate guidance on optimizing layer-penetration fracturing parameters.

SUPERRADIATION OF CLASSICAL OSCILLATORS AT CONSTANT PUMPING

The dependence of the generation efficiency in the superradiance regime of an ensemble of oscillators on the pump energy input rate, as well as on the characteristics of the change in the pump phase, is studied. It is assumed that the pumping phase can vary both in time and in space. The most efficient pumping method remains the mode with slow energy input into the system, in comparison with the characteristic generation time, and the nature of the distribution of the field phase along the system can be either random or with a certain spatial period, but slightly changing with time.

Novel Pumping Methods for Microfluidic Devices: A Comprehensive Review.

This review is an account of methods that use various strategies to control microfluidic flow control with high accuracy. The reviewed systems are divided into two large groups based on the way they create flow: passive systems (non-mechanical systems) and active (mechanical) systems. Each group is presented by a number of device fabrications. We try to explain the main principles of operation, and we list advantages and disadvantages of the presented systems. Mechanical systems are considered in more detail, as they are currently an area of increased interest due to their unique precision flow control and "multitasking". These systems are often applied as mini-laboratories, working autonomously without any additional operations, provided by humans, which is very important under complicated conditions. We also reviewed the integration of autonomous microfluidic systems with a smartphone or single-board computer when all data are retrieved and processed without using a personal computer. In addition, we discuss future trends and possible solutions for further development of this area of technology.

Energy-saving oriented optimization design of the impeller and volute of a multi-stage double-suction centrifugal pump using artificial neural network

To broaden the efficient operating zone and increase the energy efficiency of a multi-stage double-suction centrifugal pump, a multi-component and multi-condition optimization design method involving high-precision performance predictions, a flow loss visualization technique based on entropy production theory, and machine learning is proposed. First, the accuracy of the baseline pump numerical methodology is verified via a grid convergence analysis and experiments. Thereafter, nine design parameters of the impeller and double volute are selected as design variables. Subsequently, 150 designs are created according to the Latin hypercube sampling method (LHS) and numerically simulated using an automatic simulation program. A backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) are adopted to maximize the efficiency at 0.6Q d, 1.0Q d, and 1.2Q d. Finally, the optimal results are verified via numerical calculations and analyzed. The results indicate that the efficiency of the optimized pump is increased by 2.05%, 3.56%, and 5.36% at 0.6Q d, 1.0Q d, and 1.2Q d, respectively. The comparative analysis of the energy characteristics reveals that the improved performance of the optimized pump can be attributed to the improved matching between the rotor and stator. This research further demonstrates the accuracy and reliability of the optimization method using an artificial neural network (ANN).

177Lu-Dotatate administration using an infusion pump or a peristaltic pump: comparison of two methods

Objectives177Lu-oxodotreotide (Lutathera) is an intravenous peptide receptor radionuclide therapy to treat unresectable metastatic digestive neuroendocrine tumours. The recommended method for Lutathera administration is gravity infusion; however, other appropriate and safe...

Enhancing dissipative cat-state generation via nonequilibrium pump fields

Cat states, which were initially proposed to manifest macroscopic superpositions, play an outstanding role in fundamental aspects of quantum dynamics. In addition, they have potential applications in quantum computation and quantum sensing. However, cat states are vulnerable to dissipation, which puts the focus of cat-state generation on higher speed and increased robustness. Dissipative cat-state generation is a common approach based on the nonlinear coupling between a lossy pump field and a half-frequency signal field. In such an approach, the pump field is usually kept in equilibrium, which limits the cat-state generation. We show that the equilibrium requirement can be removed by leveraging a synchronous pump method. In this nonequilibrium regime, the speed of the cat-state generation can be increased by one order of magnitude, and the robustness to single-photon loss can be enhanced. The realization of synchronous pumps is discussed for both time-multiplexed systems and standing modes.