Performance Evaluation Method Research Articles

FrameGraph: A Scalable Performance Evaluation Method for Frame Structure Designs Using Graph Neural Network

Abstract Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) encounter a critical scalability issue when applied to the performance evaluation task for frame structure designs. Specifically, a model of MLP or CNN is limited to structures of a particular topology type and fails immediately when applied to other topology types. In order to tackle this challenge, we propose a scalable performance evaluation method (called FrameGraph) for frame structure designs using Graph Neural Network (GNN), offering applicability to a wide range of topology types simultaneously. FrameGraph consists of two main parts: (1) Components and their connections in a frame structure are denoted as edges and vertices in a graph, respectively. Subsequently, A graph dataset for frame structure designs with different topologies is constructed. (2) A well-defined GNN design space is established with a general GNN layer, and a controlled random search approach is employed to derive the optimal GNN model for this performance evaluation task. In numerical experiments of car door frames and car body frames, FrameGraph achieved the highest prediction precisions (96.28% and 97.87%) across all structural topologies compared to a series of classical GNN algorithms. Furthermore, the comparison with MLP and FEM highlighted FrameGraph's significant efficiency advantage. This verifies the feasibility and optimality of FrameGraph for the performance evaluation task of frame structures with different topologies.

Theoretical Study of Single-Atom Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Based on BiTeBr Monolayer.

Developing an inexpensive and efficient catalyst for a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an effective measure to alleviate the energy crisis. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) based on Janus materials demonstrated promising prospects for the HER. Herein, density functional theory calculations were conducted to systematically investigate the performance of SACs based on the BiTeBr monolayer. Among the one hundred and forty models that were constructed, fourteen SACs with potential HER activity were selected. Significantly, the SAC, in which a single Ru atom is anchored on a BiTeBr monolayer with a Bi vacancy (RuS2/VBi-BiTeBr), exhibits excellent HER activity with an ultra-low |ΔGH*| value. A further investigation revealed that RuS2/VBi-BiTeBr tends to react through the Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism. An electronic structure analysis provided deeper insights into this phenomenon. This is because the Tafel pathway requires overcoming steric hindrance and disrupting stable electron filling states, making it challenging to proceed. This study finally employed constant potential calculations, which approximate experimental situations. The results indicated that the ΔGH* value at pH = 0 is 0.056 eV for RuS2/VBi-BiTeBr, validating the rationality of the traditional Computational Hydrogen Electrode (CHE) method for performance evaluation in this system. This work provides a reference for the research of new HER catalysts.

Comprehensive literature review on stakeholder prospects, responsibilities, and quality performance measurement in sustainable supply chain governance

The sustainable Governance of supply chains has become essential for businesses trying to balance economic success and ecological and ethical imperatives in an era of increased environmental awareness and social responsibility. Many stakeholders are pressuring companies to integrate sustainability into their supply chains as environmental degradation and social inequality worsen. Therefore, it is essential to include non-traditional supply chain stakeholders, such as competitors and non-governmental organizations, in supply chain operations to produce an SSCG. This comprehensive literature review synthesizes and examines the current body of information on stakeholder prospects, responsibilities, and measuring quality performance in sustainable supply chain governance. Therefore, this study's primary objective is to clearly show how SSC practices are related to stakeholder roles and responsibilities. A thorough literature examination was conducted, and 40 peer-reviewed journal publications from 2019 to 2023 were included. In this work, expectations, as stated in scholarly literature, are methodically categorized, and any gaps are reviewed critically. A reasonable explanation for stakeholders' discontent with the sustainability performance measurement and evaluation methods used nowadays is that, as the literature review demonstrates, stakeholder expectations have yet to be considered. The findings indicate that many external and internal supply chain stakeholders drive, enable, or check the application of sustainable supply chain Governance techniques.While governments and non-governmental organizations are essential drivers of sustainable supply chain Governance techniques, research can also help with their implementation. Furthermore, proactive interaction with external supply chain stakeholders improves organizational learning by boosting understanding and awareness of sustainability and developing knowledge.

Improvement of butt-fusion welding procedure and performance evaluation method for thick-walled bimodal polyethylene pipes

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes have been continuously improved by the progress made by the resin industry and pipe manufacturers. Together with the advanced technology of welding equipment in terms of structure reliability and automations, HDPE pipes have been gradually applied to higher pressure level, bigger diameter, and thicker walls in operations which have become the preferred piping system for nuclear safety application in transporting cooling seawater. There are substantial differences in parameter settings when applying heat and force during different welding procedures, as well as the complicated evaluation methods for mechanical properties, which causes communication barriers between engineers and researchers. Thus, it is necessary to comprehensively study the welding procedures and evaluation methods to standardize the evaluation protocols in the industry. In this paper, based on the assumptions of temperature effect and molecular chain diffusion dynamics at the welding interface, the optimization of the welding procedure is proposed. Some well-established evaluation methods have been used for performance assessment and their feasibilities are discussed. The idea of creating crack along the weld interface is adopted as new method to evaluate the material ability of fracture resistance. Specimens with unilateral notch and weld interface crack are proposed and subjected for quasi-static axial tensile test. The fracture stress and fracture energy at the welding interface are used to differentiate the quality of the joint from different welding procedures. The fracture morphologies of the weld interface are analyzed. A complete picture is drawn for the mechanical fracture resistance of the weld interface. The method used in this paper can be corelated to the pipeline design conditions, therefore could be applied to the real-time engineering applications. Moreover, the evaluation method proposed in this paper is simple, reliable, and easy to implement.

Evaluating the Sustainable Development Performance of China’s International Commercial Ports Based on Environmental, Social and Governance Elements

An environmental, social and governance (ESG) evaluation system can focus on the value of enterprises more comprehensively and better scrutinize the development premise of enterprise. As a novel investment concept, both domestic and foreign investors widely acknowledge the significance of ESG. With the implementation of “carbon peak”, “carbon neutral” and other national strategies, an increasing number of transportation enterprises in China’s international commercial ports have started to focus on the role of ESG evaluation. This not only facilitates self-examination and correction within enterprises but also helps in adjusting the strategic direction toward sustainable development. This shift toward ESG evaluation is crucial for promoting environmental sustainability and corporate social responsibility within the transportation industry. In this regard, this study aims to evaluate the sustainable development performance of China’s international commercial ports based on ESG elements. A data envelopment analysis (DEA) is considered to be a non-parametric performance evaluation method that can effectively solve for multi-criteria decision-making units, so this study mainly selects the DEA model for the performance evaluation. This study conducted research to select eight benchmarking companies within the industry and found that efficient units excelled in their ability to complete capacity levels with high quality and quantity at ports. In contrast, less efficient units scored lower in the domain of social responsibility.

Uncertainty evaluation for wind speed measurement part (1): “GUM method and Monte Carlo method”

Due to the lack of analysis and research on the performance of different uncertainty evaluation methods in the field of wind speed measurement, it is difficult to choose the most favorable uncertainty evaluation method in the specific wind speed measurement, which will affect the efficiency and accuracy of results. In view of the above situation, this study applied three commonly used uncertainty evaluation methods (conventional GUM method, correlation GUM method and MCM method) to the uncertainty evaluation of wind speed measurement, and analyzed the performance of different methods to provide technical support for specific applications. Firstly, taking the pitot tube wind speed measurement system as an example, the principle and model of wind speed measurement are introduced; Secondly, explain the steps and processes of the above three methods for evaluating uncertainty; Finally, taking a 10 m/s wind speed measurement as an example, the above three methods were used (The correlation GUM method incorporates the correlation between wind tunnel stability and uniformity in its evaluation) to evaluate the uncertainty of wind speed measurement in the Pitot tube wind speed measurement system, and the evaluation results were verified and compared accordingly. The following results were obtained:1) The three uncertainty evaluation methods are all applicable to the evaluation of wind speed measurement uncertainty in this field; 2) The accuracy of evaluation results: MCM method > correlation GUM > conventional GUM, among which correlation GUM method effectively improves the accuracy of uncertainty U95 by 23 % compared to conventional GUM method; 3) Evaluation method operability: MCM method > conventional GUM > correlated GUM. Therefore, we suggest that, when evaluating the uncertainty of wind speed measurement, the MCM method should be given priority when there are high requirements for accuracy and operability. When there are difficulties in the use and promotion of MCM, but there is a high requirement for accuracy, the correlation GUM method can be used. When the accuracy requirement is not high and the calculation is not too complicated, the conventional GUM method can be used.

Establishment and effectiveness of an evaluation method for load-bearing performance of cotton sized warp yarn

The excellent load-bearing performance of sized warp yarns can reduce the end-breakage rate and enable them to complete weaving smoothly. Evaluating the load-bearing performance of sized warp yarn can guide the sizing process and weaving production. For this purpose, the study evaluated the load-bearing performance of cotton sized warp yarn. First, based on the JN-01 tester, a weaving load simulation tester of sized warp yarn, the test sample capacity for the load-bearing life was determined to be 50 ends using a U-test. Second, by testing three cotton sized warp yarns with different linear densities, the universality of the parameter conditions of the tester was verified. Third, with the JN-01 tester, the breaking strength and hairiness under different load-bearing cycles were measured, and it was found that the breaking strength of the sized yarn was linearly related to the load-bearing cycles. In contrast, the hairiness of the sized yarn was logarithmically related to the load-bearing cycles. According to regression analyses, evaluation indicators were extracted to characterize the strength loss resistance and anti-fuzzing performance of sized warp yarns, which were the residual enhancement rate and hairiness after friction. The evaluation results of sized warp yarns, with different linear densities and different sizing ratios, showed the effectiveness of the evaluation indicators. Finally, by verifying the effectiveness of samples from three factories, based on the evaluation indicators in this paper, the results revealed that the constructed evaluation method effectively evaluated the load-bearing performance of cotton sized warp yarn.

A performance evaluation method for energy storage systems adapted to new power system interaction requirements

In recent years, China’s new energy storage application on a large scale has shown a good development trend; a variety of energy storage technologies are widely used in renewable energy development, consumption, integrated intelligent energy systems, distribution grids, and microgrids; and substantial progress has been made in the research and development of technology and equipment, construction of demonstration projects, exploration of business models, and construction of standard systems. Up to now, a unified statistical index system and evaluation method standard for new energy storage has not yet been formed domestically or even internationally. The work takes the status quo of the new power system construction of the Hebei South Network as the research object and carries out research on the new energy storage statistical index system and evaluation method. It constructs a new energy storage power station statistical index system centered on five primary indexes: energy efficiency index, reliability index, regulation index, economic index, and environmental protection index; proposes Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)–coefficient of variation combination assignment method; and evaluates the development level of the new energy storage power station by adopting a comprehensive evaluation model based on the object element topology method. The new energy storage statistical index system and evaluation method are designed to provide a scientific index system and evaluation method for comprehensively monitoring, assessing and measuring the comprehensive performance and effect of new energy storage power plants in the process of operation and development, and optimizing the operation strategy of new energy storage power plants as well as the development and promotion of energy storage technology.

Fabrication Strategies of Cellulose Nanocrystal-based Hydrogel

In this paper, the preparation, properties and applications of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-based hydrogels are presented. The paper first introduces the characteristics and research significance of CNC, then introduces the principles, advantages and disadvantages of the two preparation methods, then introduces the various performance evaluation methods and indexes of the hydrogel, and finally introduces the current status and prospects of the hydrogel's application in various fields. This paper also presents future research directions and suggestions.

Vehicular Impact Performance Evaluation Method for CFST Columns Based on Residual Deformation

Vehicular Impact Performance Evaluation Method for CFST Columns Based on Residual Deformation

Evaluation method of the synergistic service performance between ultrahigh-performance concrete and normal strength concrete based on the parameter of environmental equivalent force ratio

This study investigated the synergistic service performances of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) and normal-strength concrete (NSC). Restrained specimens used in this study were designed to assess the non-equivalent deformation of a substrate and UHPC under specific service conditions and shrinkage. Various UHPC repair materials characterized by different shrinkage deformation gradients were developed using expansive agents and lightweight aggregates. The study explored the effects of shrinkage on the synergistic service properties of UHPC-NSC. In addition, the bond fatigue performance of UHPC-NSC was investigated, and a bond fatigue-life equation was formulated. Under static loads and a stress ratio of 0.9, specimens exhibited both substrate and bond failures. By contrast, specimens under stress ratios of 0.8 and 0.7 displayed substrate failure. The synergistic effect of a 10 % dosage of expansive agent and a 15 % dosage of lightweight aggregate resulted in a 67.2 % reduction in UHPC shrinkage after 28 d. Internal stress derived from the non-equivalent deformation of the substrate and UHPC due to shrinkage was quantified. A reduction in UHPC shrinkage led to a 33.0–67.3 % decrease in tensile stress for repair materials. Internal stresses in the UHPC-NSC under alternating environments, including wet–dry, hot–cool, and freeze–thaw cycles, were calculated, where the ratio of internal stress to interfacial strength was defined as the interfacial stress-intensity ratio. This study presents an evaluation method for the synergistic service performance of UHPC-NSC based on an environmental equivalent-force ratio, thereby providing guidance for practical concrete-repair service-life design.

Research on the Evaluation of Financial Performance of Supor Based on EVA Perspective

After the introduction of EVA into China, SASAC found that EVA is very effective in the evaluation of enterprise financial performance, so it began to implement the EVA financial performance evaluation method to domestic enterprises. Among the enterprises adopting EVA for financial performance evaluation, central enterprises account for a relatively large proportion, while most other enterprises still use traditional financial indicators for financial performance evaluation. As the traditional method no longer meets the requirements of social development, the problems of adopting the traditional financial performance evaluation method gradually appear, so enterprises need to change the financial performance evaluation method. The use of EVA can effectively evaluate the financial performance of enterprises, and lay a good foundation for improving the financial performance of enterprises. The home appliance industry is closely related to people's lives, Supor as a small home appliance in the leader, the use of traditional financial analysis has certain limitations, a large number of use of simple financial data and excessive reliance on the evaluation indicators, the analysis process is too simple to meet the needs of the decision-making process, so the introduction of the EVA method of financial performance evaluation is particularly important. This paper takes Supor as the research object, analyses Supor's financial performance according to traditional financial indicators, and finds that the results obtained from traditional financial performance evaluation are not accurate enough, so it calculates the value of each index of EVA, and compares and analyses the EVA and traditional financial indicators, and discovers the problems of Supor and puts forward suggestions for improvement.

Commutable Blood Materials from the Fixed-Cell Method for Performance Evaluation of Blood Glucose by a Glucose Meter.

Glucose meters provide a rapid blood glucose status for evidence-based diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diabetes mellitus. We aimed to evaluate the commutability of processed blood materials (PBMs) and their use in the performance evaluation of glucose meters. Two PBMs obtained by the fixed-cell method were analyzed for homogeneity, stability, and commutability. The compatibility of ten pairs between mass spectrometry and each glucose meter was categorized as compatible (mean paired difference ≤ 5%) and incompatible (mean paired difference > 5%). The performance of glucose meter 1 (n = 767) and glucose meter 2 (n = 266) was assessed. The glucose in the PBMs remained homogenized and stable for at least 180 days. Six out of ten pairs had commutable PBMs. Commutability of PBMs was observed in both well-compatible and incompatible glucose results. Target glucose values from mass spectrometry were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from consensus values in one group of glucose meters. When commutable PBMs were used, glucose meter 1 showed better performance than glucose meter 2, and the percentage of satisfaction was associated when using target values for glucose from mass spectrometry and consensus values, but the performance of glucose meter 2 was not associated. PBM from a fixed-cell method could be mass produced with acceptable homogeneity and stability. Commutability testing of PBMs is required prior to use in the performance evaluation of glucose meters, as the commutability of glucose in the PBMs obtained by a fixed-cell method was variable and depended on the individual glucose meter.

Modeling Techniques, Seismic Performance, and the Application of Rocking Shallow Foundations: A Review

The intriguing rocking behavior of foundations has attracted the attention of both researchers and professionals, owing to its beneficial characteristics such as energy absorption and self-adjusting capability. This paper offers a thorough examination of various modeling techniques, seismic performance evaluation methods, and the practical application of innovative rocking shallow foundations. While conventional fixed-base designs can absorb seismic energy, they often suffer from lasting damage due to residual deformation. In contrast, rocking foundation structures facilitate controlled rocking movements by loosening the connection between the structure and the foundation, thereby enhancing overall stability. Historical studies dating back to the 19th century demonstrate the effectiveness of rocking foundations in reducing seismic impact and ductility demands, leading to cost savings. Furthermore, this paper extends its focus to contemporary considerations, exploring modern modeling techniques, seismic performance assessments, and practical applications for rocking shallow foundations. By highlighting their role in improving structural resilience, this study investigates seismic hazard analysis, geological factors, and site-specific conditions influencing foundation behavior. It covers essential aspects such as dynamic responses and modeling methodologies, drawing insights from real-world case studies. Through a comprehensive review of both numerical and experimental investigations, the article provides a synthesis of current knowledge and identifies avenues for future research.

Performance of a modified built-middle photovoltaic-thermocatalytic Trombe wall system by fins

The photovoltaic-thermocatalytic Trombe wall is attracting attention due to the ability to generate electricity, heat and purify indoor air, while it has the disadvantages of low electrical and degradation performance. Also the overall performance evaluation method of multi-functional Trombe walls still needs to be further improved. To fill these gaps, a modified built-middle photovoltaic-thermocatalytic Trombe wall by vertical fins was proposed in this study. Based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, the effects of fins spacing and fins height under different solar radiation intensities on the performance were investigated by numerical simulation method. In addition, the performance of this modified system was compared with other relevant systems. The results reveal that the existence of an optimal fins spacing or fins height can maximize the thermal efficiency. The narrower fins spacing and higher fins can enhance electrical efficiency and degradation rate. Without sacrificing or even improving thermal performance, the presence of fins with suitable structural parameters leads to higher electrical and purification performance. Compared with the system with no fins, when the solar radiation intensity is 400 W/m2 and 800 W/m2 respectively, the thermal efficiency, electrical efficiency, degradation rate, and overall exergy efficiency gain relative enhancements of 1.81 % and 2.71 %, 2.47 % and 5.18 %, 2.27 times and 2.19 times, and 3.53 % and 6.67 %; and the overall exergy efficiency reaches 12.26 % and 12.20 % at the fins spacing of 31.25 mm and fins height of 30 mm. The introduction of exergy concept provides an effective way for overall performance evaluation of multi-functional Trombe walls with different grades of energies (products). The obtained thermal exergy and electrical exergy dominate the overall exergy efficiency, and the diffusion exergy accounts for a negligible proportion due to the relatively low concentration of pollutant. In comparison with other relevant systems, the modified system shows the best comprehensive utilization of solar energy, and has great application potential. This study provides a new direction for the performance improvement and assessment of multi-functional Trombe wall systems.

Natural language processing systems for extracting information from electronic health records about activities of daily living. A systematic review.

Natural language processing (NLP) can enhance research on activities of daily living (ADL) by extracting structured information from unstructured electronic health records (EHRs) notes. This review aims to give insight into the state-of-the-art, usability, and performance of NLP systems to extract information on ADL from EHRs. A systematic review was conducted based on searches in Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl, Web of Science, and Scopus. Studies published between 2017 and 2022 were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. The review identified 22 studies. Most studies (65%) used NLP for classifying unstructured EHR data on 1 or 2 ADL. Deep learning, combined with a ruled-based method or machine learning, was the approach most commonly used. NLP systems varied widely in terms of the pre-processing and algorithms. Common performance evaluation methods were cross-validation and train/test datasets, with F1, precision, and sensitivity as the most frequently reported evaluation metrics. Most studies reported relativity high overall scores on the evaluation metrics. NLP systems are valuable for the extraction of unstructured EHR data on ADL. However, comparing the performance of NLP systems is difficult due to the diversity of the studies and challenges related to the dataset, including restricted access to EHR data, inadequate documentation, lack of granularity, and small datasets. This systematic review indicates that NLP is promising for deriving information on ADL from unstructured EHR notes. However, what the best-performing NLP system is, depends on characteristics of the dataset, research question, and type of ADL.

Comprehensive performance evaluation method of working fluids for high temperature heat pump based on multi-objective optimization

The working fluid has garnered significant attention as a critical factor influencing the efficiency of high-temperature heat pumps. A novel method based on multi-objective optimization has been introduced for assessing the performance of heat pump working fluids. The method enhances the clarity of the objective and flexibility in addressing various operating conditions, which helps to improve the efficiency of working fluid screening, especially for the complex mixture system. This study utilizes eight pure refrigerants as the initial fluid set and evaluates 560 binary mixtures with a 5% composition variation. The NSGA-II algorithm is combined with the theoretical heat pump cycle model to obtain Pareto optimal solutions regarding the mixtures, with the coefficient of performance and volumetric heating capacity as the objective functions. Then the evaluation of the optimal solutions is conducted by considering their flammability, toxicity, environmental performance, and temperature glide properties. Subsequently, a comprehensive performance index is derived. The evaluation reveals the dominant solution set for each pure refrigerant. The findings suggest that the blend R142b/R1233zd(E) with a mass fraction of R142b between 0.15 and 0.25 demonstrates a comprehensive performance index of 0.322–0.350, indicating superior performance during the basic cycle. Furthermore, various cycle configurations have been investigated. In the vapor injection configuration, R600a/R601(0.6/0.4) shows good performance in all aspects except flammability. The mixture R245fa/R601(0.2/0.8) exhibits superior overall performance in the internal heat exchanger configuration. It displays excellent temperature glide matching characteristics and good environmental performance. Nevertheless, it shows suboptimal performance in terms of toxicity and flammability. This approach replaces the previous qualitative comparison-based decision making methods, offering high efficiency and practicality.

Assessment of agrobusiness structures’ performance and pespectives for strengthening market positions

Agribusiness, as a component of the agricultural sector, is defined as a system of economic relations encompassing the production, processing, and marketing of agricultural products, which influences the socio-economic development of the country. Its importance lies not only in providing food for the population but also in creating jobs, forming export potential, and stabilizing the agrarian sector. Ensuring a high level of competitiveness of agribusiness is a strategic task for ensuring sustainable economic development and improving the living standards of the population. In the modern conditions of globalization and rapid changes in market trends, evaluating the performance of agribusiness structures becomes critical for the success of enterprises. This is an important stage of strategic planning, which allows identifying key factors influencing competitiveness, understanding risks and opportunities, and developing effective development strategies. Evaluating the performance of agribusiness structures depends on the use of various methods, including analysis of financial indicators, determining market competitiveness, assessing innovation potential, and analyzing the efficiency of management processes. The article emphasizes the importance of evaluating agribusiness activity in the context of its competitiveness and sustainable development. In particular, strategic success factors, methods of performance evaluation, and the role of management and innovation in strengthening agribusiness competitiveness are considered.

Development and implementation of real-time staff performance monitoring and evaluation system based on Global Positioning System (GPS)

This work presents the development and implementation of a Real-Time Staff Performance Monitoring and Evaluation System (RT-SPMES) using Global Positioning System (GPS) technology. In line with the dynamism of the workplace, due to rapid changes in technology, existing staff performance appraisal systems have fallen short of expectations due to their manual nature. Hence, the need arises for a more robust approach to monitoring and evaluating employee work performance. To achieve this, this work carried out an exhaustive review of existing performance evaluation methods within the academic and a conceptual architecture was developed. A real-time monitoring and evaluation system was developed, using PHP programming language, Hyper Text Markup Language and Cascading Styles Sheet. The system is hosted on Azure Cloud infrastructure. Through sufficient testing of the developed system developed in this work, it was asserted effectively monitors employee performance in real-time, paving the way for an objective appraisal process devoid of bias and manipulation.

Optimization of Piano Performance Teaching Mode Using Network Big Data Analysis Technology

To effectively avoid subjective bias in manual evaluation. This article proposes a MIDI piano teaching performance evaluation method based on bidirectional LSTM. This method utilizes a three-layer bidirectional LSTM neural network mechanism to make it easier for the model to capture useful information. In addition, the Spark clustering training model is constructed using the deeplearning4j deep learning framework, and the model parameters are adjusted through the UI dependency relationships provided by deeplearning4j to improve work efficiency. The experimental results verified the superiority of the bidirectional LSTM model. The methods provided in this article can improve students' independent practical abilities and reduce the pressure on teachers during the teaching process. These measures can promote the development of music education, improve students' music literacy and learning skills, and make positive contributions to the music education industry.