Logic Synthesis Methods Research Articles

Правовые аспекты 3D-печати

Introduction: the article discusses the legal aspect of 3D printing and computer 3D models, which are printed using a 3D printer. The prospects, threats and challenges that the development of 3D printing technologies entails are examined. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to adapt the new technological realities to the current legislation and it is necessary to take into account which particular object will be displayed in the three-dimensional model, since this will determine which rights to objects will be affected. Methods: the methodological basis of this scientific article is a number of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main place is occupied by methods of information processing and logical analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and generalization. Results: the author’s position on 3D models and their legal regulation is presented. Conclusions: as a result of the study, recommendations were made for improving the regulatory framework, the author proposes to delimit the legal protection of 3D models by amending Art. 1259, 1352 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

Соотношение кражи и находки: вопросы теории и практики

The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of legal relations regulated by Art. 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Art. 227 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as well as to identify and resolve the problems related to the proper legal definition of these relations.
 The main research methods are: structural-system, methods of logical analysis and synthesis, formallegal,
 comparative-legal, as well as collecting information through the study of scientific periodicals and materials of judicial practice on this issue.
 The article discusses in detail the features of the delimitation of relations arising in accordance with Art. 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Art. 227 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The authors note that in the theory and practice of both criminal and civil law, one of the most controversial issues is the problem of differentiating a criminal offense under Art. 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and acts that are not such (Article 227 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). So, to date, there is no consensus about the signs of differentiation of these compositions, and the criteria that have been developed at the present time are very vague and contradictory. Misinterpretation and application of norms when qualifying relations in accordance with Art. 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Art. 227 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation does not allow citizens to protect effectively their rights and legitimate interests. Therefore, in order to prevent violations of civil rights, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive scientific study of the features enabling to differentiate the above mentioned relations.
 Considerable attention is paid to the problem of appropriation of the found someone else’s property, when this property has identifying features. The authors define the types of property in the possession of the owner or any other type of legal owner, and also disclose the main characteristics of the specified property. In addition, the article formulates the authors’ definitions of such concepts as «finding» and «appropriation» of what was found.
 Based on the analysis of judicial and investigative practice, the authors propose the following recommendations for changing the legislation and the practice of its application in order to resolve controversial issues arising from the qualification of crimes against property.
 First, it is necessary to make clarifications in the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2002 No. 20 «On judicial practice in cases of theft, robbery and banditry» which property should be recognized as being in the possession of the owner or other legal owners and determine the characteristic features of such property ...
 Secondly, it is necessary to formulate and consolidate the legal definition of a find in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
 Thirdly, to return into Chapter 21 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation «Crime against property» the part «Appropriation of the found property».

Organizational and financial instruments of decentralization and development of united territorial communities in Ukraine: Poland’s experience

The formation of balanced budgets and increasing the financial potential of communities, a clear division of powers on the principle of subsidiarity, improving the efficiency of financial resources and stimulating community development have determined the relevance of Ukraine’s implementation of best practices in decentralization. The aim of the paper is to analyse the effectiveness of the decentralization process in Ukraine and assess the possibilities of financing the development of united territorial communities, identify the benefits of the Polish experience and determine the areas for their implementation in Ukraine. During the research, the methods of logical generalization and synthesis, comparative analysis, rating and integrated assessment of the financial capacity of the communities in Lviv region of Ukraine were used. Based on the study of foreign, in particular Polish, experience of decentralization, the key reasons for its insufficient effectiveness in Ukraine have been identified. The priority directions of the state policy are proposed and substantiated, and their implementation will allow to increase the efficiency of decentralization in Ukraine.

The Interaction of the Investigator with the Body of Inquiry During the Investigation of Crimes in Criminal Cases of Extremism: The Problems and Ways of Their Solving

Introduction: the issues of interaction of the investigator, as the central figure in the process of investigating crimes of extremism, continue to be the object of attention of scientists and practitioners. And this is not surprising, because the state of interaction of the investigator with the body of inquiry, the representatives of other services and departments, first of all, the law enforcement agencies directly depends on the speed of solving and the completeness of the investigation of each committed extremist crime, and this, in turn, affects the prestige of law enforcement agencies among the population and, as a result, the level of criminogenic situation. Despite the large number of recommendations available in the legal and specialized literature aimed at improving certain aspects of this type of activity of the person conducting the investigation, the dynamically developing criminal procedure legislation, as well as actively changing the operational-search and investigative practice, provide new food for analyzing the current state of interaction, in order to identify those newly emerging factors that negatively affect the organization and state of interaction of the main subjects of the investigation and which, ultimately, have a negative impact on the course and results of the investigation. In this regard, the authors aim to highlight some problematic issues that arise in the course of organizing and maintaining the proper level of interaction between the investigative body and other subjects of the investigation to ensure the prompt and comprehensive establishment of all the circumstances to be proved. Tasks: to describe the areas of interaction between the investigator and the body of inquiry during the investigation of crimes in cases of extremism; to give recommendations aimed at overcoming these problems. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of information processing and logical analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and generalization. Results: the authors’ point of view on the problems associated with the organization of interaction between the investigator and employees of other services and departments of the law enforcement agencies in order to uncover and investigate crimes of extremism, as well as the proposed ways to solve them, based on the analysis of modern operational and investigative practice, trends in the development of the current criminal procedure legislation make it possible to use them in the practical activities of the authorized law enforcement officials in their practical activities aimed at solving and investigating crimes. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the existing problems determined by the changes in the criminal procedure legislation and operational and investigative practice are identified, and the ways to overcome them are proposed in order to inform students in the field of training “Jurisprudence”, teachers of law schools, as well as practitioners in order to better understand the specifics of the investigation of crimes of this category.

THE MECHANISM OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT: SYNERGISTIC ASPECTS

The purpose of this research is the development of theoretical foundations for the functioning of the mechanism of state support for small business in a decentralized government based on a synergistic approach. The subject of the study: theoretical and methodological foundations for the functioning of the mechanism of state support of small business in the context of synergetics. Research methodology is a set of principles, approaches, general theoretical, special, and interdisciplinary methods of scientific knowledge, namely morphological analysis, comparative analysis, methods of deduction and logical generalization, analysis and synthesis. Functioning of the mechanism of state support for small business is considered on the basis of a synergistic approach. The synergistic approach is one of the most effective methodological bases for the development of modern economics. The article considers the key theoretical provisions for understanding this approach, substantiates the possibility and feasibility of its application in the implementation of this mechanism in modern economic conditions. Results. It is determined that the reform of decentralization of power has led to the creation of institutional problems in the economic mechanism of state support for small business. In the regions and territorial communities, there is no single mechanism to support the development of small business, which causes the inefficiency of this area of public policy. This justifies the relevance of the use of new methodological approaches to the formation of the mechanisms for implementing the state policy of business regulation. The importance of small business for the development of the national economy, ensuring its stability, is substantiated, the main approaches to the essence of entrepreneurship are investigated. Theoretical aspects of the functioning of the mechanism of state support for small business on the basis of traditional and systemic approaches are systematized, their positive aspects and shortcomings are determined. It is substantiated that in the conditions of economic transformations and introduction of the reform of decentralization of power it is expedient to use the synergistic approach in the research of the mechanism of the state support of the small business. It is emphasized that the very synergistic approach is able to study the process of functioning of the mechanism of state support for small business on the basis of evolutionary development and self-organization of complex systems. We propose to consider the mechanism of state support in the conditions of decentralization as a process of self-organization of small business entities and public authorities, which is carried out through their interaction with the meso- and macroenvironment. Conceptual bases of the use of the synergistic approach in the research of the mechanism of the state support for the development of entrepreneurship and its economic levers are developed. It is substantiated that the application of a synergistic approach in the process of formation and application of the mechanism of state support of small business will allow to take into account interdependence of economic processes and phenomena, to investigate the interaction of local authorities and small businesses under decentralization. The use of a synergistic approach as a research method also makes it possible to take into account the dynamics of the state support mechanism. The synergistic methodology in the study of the mechanism of state support for small business allows to take into account the existence of connections and interactions between the components of the mechanism, as well as the integrity and ability to change. Based on a synergistic approach, it becomes possible to ensure the development of small businesses by preventing threats. The next advantage is the ability to take into account the alternative scenarios of small business development of a particular region or territory in a changing socio-economic environment. Consideration of the mechanism of state support as a self-organized system makes it possible to study the patterns of self-organization, which in the future should become the basis for calculating the synergistic effect of the mechanism.

MODERN MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION AND SECURITY APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF AN INNOVATIVE CLUSTER GROUP IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19 ON THE BASIS OF SUSTAINABILITY, DECENTRALIZATION AND EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

Introduction. Differences in the understanding of the main management and information and security approaches to the formation of an innovative cluster group of SME with large industrial enterprises indicate the ambiguity of ways to measure and evaluate such interaction and its scope, which in Covid-19 on the basis of sustainability, decentralization and European integration requires further study. Methods. The historical and logical method is used in the article; the method of systematization, classification and theoretical generalization; the method of institutional analysis; the method of system analysis; the method of logical analysis and synthesis; the method of graphical analysis. Results. It is proved that the cooperation of industrial SME with large industrial enterprises makes certain demands on them. Before attempting to cooperate with large and medium-sized industrial enterprises, manufacturing SME must have a clear idea of the state of their activities, their own potential and its use, the market position of goods and services relative to competitors. Therefore, the procedure of diagnostics of the state of activity of industrial SME is developed in the work, the leading one in which is the assessment of its solvency. The competitiveness of a production SME, its potential and sustainability are assessed using available methods. Production SME differ in scale and types of activity, policy of its financing, degree of integration into the economy of the region or production cluster, which determines the multiplicity of areas of their support. Discussion. Market support for manufacturing SME should be directed to intensify their activities - assistance in finding markets, customers and business partners, the use of mechanisms for adaptation of enterprises using the full range of opportunities for administrative support. Cooperation of manufacturing SME with large industrial enterprises as a kind of business partnership can take place not only in traditional forms, but also using its most common organizational and economic models - subcontracting, franchising, leasing and venture business. The use of such a range of organizational and economic models of cooperation will help meet the interests of each of its participants and strengthen the economy of the region. Keywords: modern management, information and security approaches, innovative cluster group, COVID-19, sustainability, decentralization, European integration.

Preventive activities aimed at strengthening the discipline of the personnel of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

The research is meant to systematize the form of preventive work with subordinate personnel of educational institutions in terms of official discipline, including the road and transport discipline. The research object is social relations emerging during the provision of official discipline and legality of internal affairs officers. The research subject is the preventive activities meant to eliminate disciplinary violations, including those in the field of road and traffic when using personal or official cars.  The research methodology includes the system-structural method, the method of logical analysis and synthesis, the formal-legal and comparative-legal methods.  The research is aimed at studying the issue within the educational discipline “The fundamentals of management in internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation” of the main professional training programs for the profession of a policeman.  Based on the analysis of literary sources and students’ disciplinary practice, the author analyzes the problems connected with the enforcement of discipline and legality in internal affairs bodies of Russia, including the sphere of road traffic.  The author defines the optimum directions, forms and methods of preventive work aimed at strengthening discipline.  The research results can be used in the work of educational institutions and local internal affairs bodies by the specialists of departments of psychological support and HR, and in the system of professional training.   

The mechanism of influence of neurotechnologies on the formation of the sixth technological order in the economy and society

the subject of this work is the study of the mechanism of the effect of "neurotech" technologies on the formation of the sixth technological order in engineering; the object of the article is dedicated to the sixth technological order in engineering, the aim is to increase the efficiency of the processes of development of the sixth technological order in mechanical engineering based on the development of the theoretical foundations of neurotechnology in mechanical engineering. For achieving this goal, the following tasks are solved: the study of the concept, content, structural elements of the sixth technological order in post-industrial engineering; the description of the essence and content of neurotechnologies in post-industrial engineering; the development of methods of logical analysis and synthesis of neurotechnologies in post-industrial engineering; the formation of a criteria base for evaluating the effectiveness of the processes of the development of neurotechnological engineering within the sixth technological order. The research methods in the article are synthesis and analysis, logical and historical analysis, heuristic synthesis, system and comparative analysis, search and normative forecasting, expert assessments, the scientific novelty of the article is connected with the study of the appearance of the sixth technological order in mechanical engineering, the mechanism of influence of neurotechnologies on the development of the sixth technological order in post-industrial engineering.

Management of the innovative economy in the context of the sustainable development trend in the framework of the institutional matrix clusterization model in adaptive human resource management, digitalization of the agriculture and food sphere, adaptation

The article aims to study the management of the innovative economy in the context of sustainable development within an institutional and matrix clusterization model in the context of adaptive human resource management, the digitalization of the agricultural and food sphere and adaptation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. The following special methods of scientific cognition were used in the research process: historical-logical method; method of systematization, classification and theoretical generalization; method of institutional analysis; method of system analysis; method of logical analysis and synthesis; method of graphic analysis. Results. The evolution of the effect of collaboration and achievement of synergy within clusters under different types of economic systems has been determined. It is shown that in a post-industrial economy there is a very strong effect of intra-cluster collaboration, which is due to the dominance of a super competitive environment and mutually beneficial cooperation between government, business and science. The formation of institutional and matrix clusterization in the system of the innovation economy is proposed. It is shown that the effectiveness of institutional and matrix clusterization is ensured by a high degree of its stakeholder communicativeness. Practical contribution. The directions and ways of development of clustering of innovative entrepreneurship, combining the characteristics of effective network cooperation with the participation of large leading enterprises in the form of cluster models "wheel and spokes", "satellite" cluster, provide an opportunity to plan at the macro, meso and micro levels innovation clusters taking into account the strategic priorities of economic development. Prospects for further research. Technological, human, material and information exchange with the changing external environment is constantly taking place in the innovation cluster. Such environment is characterized by a set of economic entities with which innovation, material and information interchange (innovation, products, personnel, services, finance, marketing communications, etc.) takes place constantly. The main feature of institutional and matrix clusterization is the emergence of synergistic effect and, as a consequence, the formation of mutually beneficial cooperation in the network system.

Logic Synthesis for Emerging Technologies

Emerging technologies are being considered to replace the conventional CMOS-based design that seems arriving to its end of life due to the limits of MOS transistor shrinking. However, since those novel devices are not necessarily switch-based ones, the traditional AND/OR logic synthesis process in the digital integrated circuit design flow tends to become inefficient, whereas threshold logic paradigm seems to be more appropriate for them. In this context, different methods for threshold logic synthesis, suitable for emerging technologies, are reviewed in this paper. The majority logic based design is also discussed herein since it represents a subset of threshold logic domain, and many new technologies have presented the 3-input majority Boolean function as the most basic logic gate. Experimental data, presented in previous works, are used to illustrate and compare the performance of the state-ofthe-art logic synthesis methods related to

Modeling of state priorities of management in the conditions of globalization: Financial, technical-technological and resource aspects

Purpose of the research. The purpose of the study is to explore the financial, technical, technological and resource aspects of modelling state management priorities in the context of globalization. Methodology. The following special methods of scientific cognition were used in the research process: historical-logical method; method of systematization, classification and theoretical generalization; method of institutional analysis; method of system analysis; method of logical analysis and synthesis; method of graphic analysis. Results. It is determined that in the process of formation of state priorities of business development it is necessary to take into account scenario foresights of innovative economy and on this basis to form own strategy of definition of state priorities. The stages of definition of the state priorities of business development in innovative economy according to the scenario “New innovative course” are offered. It is specified that the effectiveness of the implementation of the proposed stages is directly dependent on the intellectual level of government officials, their administrative experience in the direction of strategy. This update identifies the need to reform the labour market and the infrastructure elements represented in it. The priority of state regulation of the infrastructure of business development and the need to create a critical mass of intellectual human resources in the labour market are determined. Practical meaning. According to the presented research, the developed format of horizontal and vertical relations between participants of the institutional system - researchers, innovative entrepreneurs, venture investors and institutes of support of innovative entrepreneurship is of practical importance, which is a key and necessary condition for creating a successful innovation system. Prospects for further research. Given that the main supplier of intellectual potential for entrepreneurship is the labour market, emphasis is placed on the need to take it into account when forming a mechanism of state support for innovative development of entrepreneurship. The directions of business infrastructure improvement necessary for realization of neo-innovative formation methodology of the state priorities of business development at the national level are offered.

Heuristic Minimization of Symmetric Index Generation Functions utilizing their Properties

This paper focuses on the minimization of index generation functions, which are useful in telecommunication and cybersecurity. In particular, we target a specific class of those functions, i.e., symmetric index generation functions. The application of logic synthesis methods to such functions can often lead to a representation that uses fewer variables. We analyze the properties of those functions and how they can be used to minimize the number of variables.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BUSINESS MODEL OF ECOLOGICAL MARKETING OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

Objective. The objective of the study is to develop and implement a business model of environmental marketing in the motor transport enterprise. Methods. A set of known scientific methods is applied to achieve the goal of the study. The method of logical synthesis is used to study scientific thought on the environmentalization of society and the use of environmental marketing. The method of constructing schemes and models is used to visualize the results of the study and their schematic representation. The study also uses data from two marketing studies to identify and link between real problems in environmental marketing. Results. The article examines the current state of the ecological state of Ukraine and identifies the main air pollutants - industry and vehicles. The analysis of scientific works shows that the problem of using environmental marketing by motor transport enterprise is insufficiently disclosed and needs further study. Based on marketing research data, priority measures to improve air quality in Ukraine are identified. Environmental issues are increasingly worrying consumers of road transport services and require rethinking of the business model of modern marketing, which today is the philosophy of any business organization. The main goal of environmental marketing is to prevent or reduce environmental pollution through methods of promoting and selling environmentally friendly products or services. This will help to strengthen the competitive position of motor transport enterprise and increase profits by greening production. The article offers a modern business model of environmental marketing. The model is formed of seven basic elements that will help motor transport enterprise in running a modern business. To implement each of the proposed elements of the business model, the mechanism and components of implementation are improved. The developed business model of ecological marketing will lead to the improvement of the ecological condition of the state and help motor transport enterprises to enter the new ecological market of goods and services.

Обґрунтування гіпотези зв’язку сталого розвитку підприємства з базовим безумовним доходом

The article is concerned with solving the problem of ensuring sustainable development at the level of enterprise as determined by the UN, which is relevant not only at the local level of Ukraine, but also world-wide. The article is aimed at theoretical substantiating the hypothesis on the existence of a connection between sustainable development of enterprises and basic unconditional income (BUI) using general scientific methods of critical and logical analysis and synthesis, ascent from abstract to specific, abstraction. The BUI in the research is understood as regular cash payments in the amount of the real subsistence minimum to citizens of the State, regardless of their socio-economic status. It is substantiated that BUI is the socio-economic regulator of sustainable development of the region and at the same time an instrument for sustainable development of the enterprise to achieve social, economic and ecological balance. It is proposed to consider BUI as an integrating instrument for sustainable development of enterprises and regions, which will provide a vertical link between the goals and objectives of sustainable development to overcome poverty, hunger, opening access to education and self-development at the meso- and micro levels. The example of depressed economically mono structural mining regions and mining enterprises of Ukraine to be liquidated displays the complex impact of BUI on their sustainable development through the component of social development. A comparison of development in the presence and absence of BUI is made and it is identified that the BUI will allow to «mitigate» economic restructuring, level territorial differentiation, implement the policy of social corporate responsibility and public-private partnership at the enterprise. The question has been raised about which economic agent should ensure the payment of BUI: the region or the enterprises operating in the region and using resources that could be saved for future generations. It is proposed to consider the possibility of payment of BUI both from the budget of the region and from the funds of enterprises.

ASSESSMENT OF THE CORE-PERIPHERY EFFECTS IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION

The article is dedicated to the evaluation of the centre and periphery effects in the socio-economic development of the region. Goal. The purpose is to assess the core and peripheral effects of the impact on socio-economic development of the region. Method (methodology). Methods of logical generalization, analysis, comparison and synthesis, integrated assessment, spatial autocorrelation are used to assess of the levels of core-periphery relations in the region. Results. The core-periphery relations are a multilevel hierarchy with a representation of economic, social and spatial aspects. The core-periphery relation in the region is an evidence of a complex system of subordination where the core area causes most of the effects and directs the development. At the same time, different core areas of development may arise and influence on the periphery territory by absorbing its resources in the process of development of core-periphery relations. A methodical approach for evaluation of the core-periphery relations has been suggested. The methodical approach comprises: the identification of core-periphery relation in the region under the influence of the centre: the distinction of economic “growth points” and areas of their impact on the region (inner periphery and outer periphery); the assessment of the intensity of the centre or “growth points” impacts on the region. The analysis revealed a core and “growth points”, identified periphery areas in Lviv region, measured the influence of the cities of regional significance. The core-periphery relations in the region can be identified as multilevel hierarchy with economic, social and spatial aspects. Analyzing the core-periphery relations from this point of view we have distinguished features and types of such relations between territorial communities (core, “growth point”, and periphery). We have identified some areas with low levels of integration into the regional economic space and low level of social development. For such territorial communities, a differentiated approach should be implemented in order to boost economic growth along with the level of social development. Moreover, we have determined the spread of positive effects from the cities of regional significance to the socio-economic development of the region, as well as identified areas beyond their influence.

BUDGET CONTROL IN THE CONTEXT OF FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF BUDGET POLICY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES

Introduction. A systematic approach to the organization of budgetary control in terms of compliance with the law and the efficient use of budgetary resources is designed to promote the effectiveness of fiscal policy of local governments. Goal. Determining the features of budget control in the context of formation and implementation of budget policy of local governments. Method (methodology). Methods of logical generalization, analysis, comparison and synthesis are used to determine the features of budget control in the context of formation and implementation of budget policy. Results. It is established that budget control is considered by scientists from a certain research position, namely as: a kind of specialized state financial control, a component of management activities of government and local government, financial control function of authorized entities and the public. The peculiarities of budget control in the context of formation and implementation of budget policy of local governments are described and the following directions of its improvement are offered: formation of complex system of budget control in the context of formation and implementation of budget policy; unification of functions of state budget control bodies in order to prevent excessive and unjustified interference in the activities of local self-government bodies with the provision of information and communication exchange between local self-government bodies and external controlling bodies; creation of a subdivision of internal budget control in accordance with the determined organizational structure of local self-government bodies with appropriate documentary support of the procedure for its implementation; use of tools of public control along with the state in order to increase the efficiency of government, minimize the risks of violations and abuses in the financial sector, which in turn will increase the level of trust of residents of the local community and their direct participation in local government.

TRANSFORMATION INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS ON THE GROWTH OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

Introduction. Economic growth and economic development of any socio-economic space is the key to a decent standard of living in the state. These categories should be considered as irreversible and targeted qualitative changes in a complex system that develops itself through the prism of the formation of institutional preconditions and risks. Theoretical and methodological problems related to the new model of economic growth and development in Ukraine need scientific attention. Goal. Identification of tendencies and factors of unstable economic growth and establishment of causal relations of satisfactory development of the national economy of Ukraine and delineation of theoretical and applied bases concerning change of economic model and its management. Method. Theoretical and methodological tools based on the traditional approach and methods of logical generalization, analysis, comparison and synthesis to assess the volume, rate and structure of economic growth based on a number of macroeconomic indicators. Results. The article examines the dynamics of national economic growth in Ukraine for the period 2000-2019 on the basis of empirical indicators. The key factors that, together with the structural, demographic, currency and banking crises and galloping inflation, caused sharp economic fluctuations in economic growth rates, have been identified and classified. The tendencies of the production structure of the gross domestic product (GDP) of Ukraine by the main types of economic activity and its influence on economic growth are considered. The comparison of GDP per capita in Ukraine with other European countries was made, and significant differences in the level of this indicator were revealed. The factors of inflation and devaluation processes, as well as the policy of public debt on the dynamics of economic growth are analyzed. A classification has been developed and groups of institutional barriers (concentration-ownership, managerial-institutional-leadership, regressive-anti-innovation, military-political and foreign economic) have been identified, which prevent economic growth in the national economy of Ukraine. The main tasks that need to be solved in parallel in the national economy of Ukraine in the medium term to ensure domestic growth and development are outlined.

POTENTIAL OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE DOMESTIC BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

Introduction. The world economic community is using all the achievements of digitalization at a fairly rapid pace. The economic situation in the country, the level of social protection of the population, prospects of development of business structures, establishment of foreign economic relations depend on its level of development. The instability of world markets, the consequences of the pandemic, unfavorable political situations indicate the need to increase the potential of the global digital economy, which will soon overtake the market and become the basis of national economies of countries seeking effective development. Goal. The purpose of the study is to summarize the theoretical provisions and analytical information to assess the level of potential of the business environment. Method (methodology). Methods of logical generalization, analysis, comparison and synthesis were used to assess the potential of digitalization of the domestic business environment. Results. The results of the study indicate the need for accelerated development of the domestic digital economy, and the level of digitalization potential of the business environment has an average level, which is characterized by significant reserves for growth. The purpose of the study is to summarize the theoretical provisions and analytical information to assess the level of potential for digitalization of the business environment.

Globalization and its impact on Slovak economy during corona crisis

Research background:The presented article analysis major impacts of corona crisis on global and subsequently Slovak economy. It divides major impacts into several basic categories. These categories are presented in the methods part of the article. First of all, we analyze and discuss economic impacts, subsequently shocks in supply and demand and at last impacts of policies. These categories contain wide literature research in order to offer complex overview of the topic. The results and discussion part offers comparison of three important economic indicators. Namely gross domestic product, inflation rate and unemployment rate in periods before, during and shortly after the corona crisis. Some of the selected countries play major role in global economy – China, United States and European union. Other selected economies have the most direct impact on Slovak economy like Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Austria. For complex overview, we also included results of Euro area and Italy as a country with the worst course of pandemic.Purpose of the article:Major purpose of presented article is description of major impacts of corona crisis on Global and Slovak economy. The need to shut down individual parts of economies and in some cases total lock down results in important damages. The article underlines these damages.Methods:Among the methods used in this article, the most important one have descriptively analytical character. We also used other methods of formal logic like analysis, graphic method, comparison and synthesis.Findings & Value added:Overview of the major corona crisis impacts on Slovak and global economy during corona crisis.

Reforming the tax system: From special tax regimes to general system of taxation

Subject. The article considers special tax regimes in the Russian tax law, their evolution and current state, and ways to improve the tax system. Objectives. I focus on developing the theoretical and practical basis for reforming the tax system, considering to phase out the special tax regime in the tax regulation of ordinary business activities and to transfer to the general taxation system. Methods. The study employs methods of logical analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Results. Digital technology development made it impractical to maintain special tax regimes for tax and legal regulation of small businesses implementing ordinary activities. More favorable economic and financial environment for small businesses should be created within the general taxation system, through lower tax rates, up to a certain threshold. Special tax regimes should regulate specific activities, requiring a special approach to tax regulation and State control. The paper presents a set of practical measures to reform the design of the Tax Code. The offered structure of taxation creates a single tax legislation for the vast majority of business entities. Conclusions. The abolition of special tax regimes for taxation and regulation of small businesses and creation of a single tax system based on the general tax regime will simplify the Tax Code structure and make the tax system more transparent and consistent. The offered action plan will help make the abolition gradual and seamless. The findings can be used in legislative activities to reform the tax system.