Method Of Heat Removal Research Articles

Heat Removal Methods for Control of Underground Abandoned Coal Mine Fires

Heat Removal Methods for Control of Underground Abandoned Coal Mine Fires

The experimental breeder reactor II inherent shutdown and heat removal tests — results and analysis

A test program is being conducted to demonstrate that a power-producing liquid-metal reactor (LMR) can (1) passively remove shutdown heat by natural convection, (2) passively reduce power in response to a loss of reactor flow, and (3) passively reduce power in response to a loss of the balance-of-plant heat sink. Measurements and pretest predictions confirm that natural convection is a reliable, predictable method of shutdown heat removal and suggest that safety-related pumps or pony motors are not necessary for safe shutdown heat removal in an LMR. Measurements from tests in which reactor flow and heat rejection to the balance of plant were perturbed show that reactivity feedbacks can passively control power and temperature. Data from these tests form a basis for additional tests including a complete loss of flow without scram and a complete loss of heat sink without scram.

Nonoxidative heat treatment of stainless steel pipes with process oil residues

1. Methods of joint nonoxidative heat treatment and removal of residues of process oil from the surface of rolled stainless steel products without subjecting them to special chemical treatment are based on burning out the oil residues with the required access of oxygen, either by the thermal decomposition of these residues and removing them in the gaseous state by evacuation of the furnace chamber, or by blowing a protective gas through it. 2. Complete removal of the residues of process oil from the surface of stainless steel pipes, a light and clean surface, and also the required anticorrosion properties of products heat-treated in hydrogen furnaces are attained when the dew point of hydrogen is changed from \t-30\dgC in heating to 400\2-500\dgC to \t-65\dgC in heating to 900\2-1100\dgC. For processing in continuous furnaces it is recommended to ensure specific hydrogen supply equal to 10–30 m3 SPP·h−1/m2 at a heating rate of 200–300 deg/min, and in compartment-type furnaces 0.6–5.0 m3 SPP·h−1/m2 at a heating rate of 50–100 deg/min. 3. Application of the joint technology that includes removal of oil residues and heat treatment makes it possible to reduce operating costs, improve the quality of the pipes, and reduce capital expenditures on equipment for the chemical treatment of the pipes.

Vapor Phase Cooling of Semiconductor Circuit Components

Vapor phase cooling of semiconductor circuit components using a sealed heat exchanger with natural convection to air can be an effective static method of heat removal. The salient characteristic of heat transport through the flow of vapor can be combined with the capability of "spreading" waste heat energy uniformly within a compact condenser of large surface area. An additional capability, exists for locating the condenser in a position which is thermally remote from the circuit arrangement. A heat exchanger designed to exploit these features can result in a more compact equipment arrangement, and one which will dissipate heat energy at a lower overall thermal resistance than is possible with conventional static cooling systems.