Method For Destruction Research Articles

Характеристика імунотропних функціональних інгредієнтів бактеріального походження, отриманих шляхом фізичного впливу

Зазначено, що складові пептидогліканів клітинних стінок бактерій, у тому числі молочнокислих, володіють високою функціонально-фізіологічною активністю і є вельми перспективними харчовими імунотропними інгредієнтами. Доцільною є деструкція бактеріальних клітин з метою отримання біологічно активних сполук, здатних легше засвоюватися і вступати в біохімічні процеси, прискорюючи очікуваний імунотропний ефект. У роботі вивчено вплив фізичних дезінтегруючи факторів, а саме, ультразвуку та мікрохвиль НВЧ, на ефективність деструкції клітинних стінок Lactobacillus acidophilus. Надано порівняльну характеристику дезінтегратів бактеріальної маси (БМ) Lactobacillus acidophilus, отриманих із застосуванням ультразвуку та мікрохвиль НВЧ. Показано, що більш ефективним методом фізичної деструкції бактеріальних клітин є обробка ультразвуком. Встановлено молекулярно-масовий розподіл сполук білкової природи та вміст незамінних амінокислот у складі дезінтеграту, отриманого шляхом обробки БМ ультразвуком.

Comparison of the basic physical and chemical properties of complex oxides LiNi x Mn y Co1–x–y O2 (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.6; 0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) obtained by different methods

Cathode materials in the form of complex metal oxides LiNi x Mn y Co1–x–y O2 (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.6; 0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) obtained by different methods, such as a solid state method and a method of thermal destruction of organometallic compounds in oil, are studied. The results of the elemental analysis, TGA/DSC, XRD, SEM, TEM, and electrochemical tests are presented. It is found that complex metal oxides obtained by the method of thermal destruction of organometallic compounds in oil are composed of primary nanocrystallites (up to 100 nm) coated by a nanoscale carbon layer that can significantly improve the electrochemical characteristics of the basic lithium-ion battery based thereon.

Performance of Fe-N/C Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts toward NO2-, NO, and NH2OH Electroreduction: From Fundamental Insights into the Active Center to a New Method for Environmental Nitrite Destruction.

Although major progress has recently been achieved through ex situ methods, there is still a lack of understanding of the behavior of the active center in non-precious metal Fe-N/C catalysts under operating conditions. Utilizing nitrite, nitric oxide, and hydroxylamine as molecular probes, we show that the active site for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is different under acidic and alkaline conditions. An in-depth investigation of the ORR in acid reveals a behavior which is similar to that of iron macrocyclic complexes and suggests a contribution of the metal center in the catalytic cycle. We also show that this catalyst is highly active toward nitrite and nitric oxide electroreduction under various pH values with ammonia as a significant byproduct. This study offers fundamental insight into the chemical behavior of the active site and demonstrates a possible use of these materials for nitrite and nitric oxide sensing applications or environmental nitrite destruction.

How to increase the efficiency of the electrical discharge method for destruction of nonconductive solid materials

The paper deals with the relevance of using electrical discharge technology for construction works in the city. The technical capabilities of the installation for the multi-borehole electro-discharge splitting off and destruction of rocks and concrete are described. The ways to increase the efficiency of the electrical discharge method for the destruction of solids are proposed. In order to augment the discharge circuit energy, the energy storage is separated into two individual capacitor batteries. The throttle with the inductance of 28.6 μH is installed in one of the batteries, which increases the duration of the channel energy release to 400 μs and the efficiency of electrical discharge splitting off of concrete.

Functionalized magnetic nanowires for chemical and magneto-mechanical induction of cancer cell death.

Exploiting and combining different properties of nanomaterials is considered a potential route for next generation cancer therapies. Magnetic nanowires (NWs) have shown good biocompatibility and a high level of cellular internalization. We induced cancer cell death by combining the chemotherapeutic effect of doxorubicin (DOX)-functionalized iron NWs with the mechanical disturbance under a low frequency alternating magnetic field. (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were separately used for coating NWs allowing further functionalization with DOX. Internalization was assessed for both formulations by confocal reflection microscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. From confocal analysis, BSA formulations demonstrated higher internalization and less agglomeration. The functionalized NWs generated a comparable cytotoxic effect in breast cancer cells in a DOX concentration-dependent manner, (~60% at the highest concentration tested) that was significantly different from the effect produced by free DOX and non-functionalized NWs formulations. A synergistic cytotoxic effect is obtained when a magnetic field (1 mT, 10 Hz) is applied to cells treated with DOX-functionalized BSA or APTES-coated NWs, (~70% at the highest concentration). In summary, a bimodal method for cancer cell destruction was developed by the conjugation of the magneto-mechanical properties of iron NWs with the effect of DOX producing better results than the individual effects.

Strength evaluation of the beam made of the titanium sheets Grade 2 and Grade 5 welded by Resistance Spot Welding

The paper present the evaluate the bending load capacity of a composite beam made of titanium Grade 2 and titanium alloy Grade 5. The beam was made using the Resistance Spot Welding technology. All elements of the construction were cut from sheet thickness of 0.8mm. Web and flanges of beams made from titanium alloy Grade 5 sheet. Flanges were joined with the web using the cold-formed brackets made of titanium Grade 2. The welding parameters of RSW were selected on the basic of strength tests and analysis of the microstructure. Grade 2 Grade 5 and Grade 5-Grade 5 sheets titanium were combined. Optimized parameters were also used to analyze joints with two welds: arranged parallel and perpendicular to the shear direction. The load capacity of joints, plastic strain distribution and the method of destruction was assessed. Results from the experimental research of joints with single welds are compared with the results of the numerical analysis. The numerical analysis was carried out using the ADINA system based on the Finite Element Method. Static tensile test was carried for titanium Grade 2 and Grade 5 with a thickness of 0.8mm to numerical analysis. The composite beam made at paper was subjected to three-point bending.

Method of destruction of the pathological excitation sources in the heart by original monopolar electrode

Method of destruction of the pathological excitation sources in the heart by original monopolar electrode

Immobilization of ZnO Suspension on Glass Substrate to Remove Filtration During the Removal of Remazol Red R from Aqueous Solution

Photodegradation of textile dyes in the presence of an aqueous suspension of semiconductor oxides has been of growing interest. Although this method of destruction of dyes is efficient, the main obstacle of applying this technique in the industry is the time and cost involving separation of oxides from an aqueous suspension. In this research, an attempted was made to develop ZnO films on a glass substrate by simple immobilization method for the adsorption and photodegradation of a typical dye, Remazol Red R (RRR) from aqueous solution. Adsorption and photodegradation of RRR were performed in the presence of glass supported ZnO film. Photodegradation of the dye was carried out by varying different parameters such as the catalyst dosage, initial concentrations of RRR, and light sources. The percentage of adsorption as well as photodegradation increased with the amount of ZnO, reaches a maximum and then decreased. Maximum degradation has been found under solar light irradiation as compared to UV-light irradiation. Removal efficiency was also found to be influenced by the pre-sonication of ZnO suspension.

Islam Nusantara as Moderatand Tolerant Islam: a Literature Research

Some questions are raised by foreign researchers and observers about Islam of Indonesia. After literature survey was done, it’s concluded that format of the Indonesian Islam is moderate and tolerate one. This is viewed in its characteristic doesn’t support the method of coercion, eviction, and destruction of the religious tradition existing before Islam came to Indonesia in developing it in archipelago, before it changes to Indonesia. The accommodative characteristic of the Islam developed by the clergy (religious figure) such as walisongo in Java Island, the religious figure (muballigh) from the Middle East in Indonesia and also the muballigh after walisongo coming from Muhammadiyah and NU. Islam never discredited another religion even though it’s different. So, the culture developed is the moderate and tolerate culture even though it aims to do renewal about which one is not suitable with Islam. The literature done in this writing has shown the characteristic of the Indonesian Islam which is known also with the term Islam of archipelago (Islam Nusantara).

Evaluation of the alkaline hydrolysis of HCFC-22 (CHClF 2 ) in a closed-circulation reactor

Abstract We evaluated the kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of HCFC-22 (CHClF 2 ) in hot water, which is a potential method for destruction of this hydrochlorofluorocarbon. Specifically, a CHClF 2 –air mixture was exposed to different concentrations of aqueous NaOH solution in a closed-circulation reactor, typically at 353 K, and the time course of the gaseous CHClF 2 partial pressure was monitored. The decrease in the partial pressure of gaseous CHClF 2 exhibited first-order kinetics (rate constant k 1 ). The main reaction products were F − , Cl − , and HCOO − ; a minor product was (COO − ) 2 . The k 1 values obtained when the aqueous NaOH was stirred at high speeds indicated that the rate constant for aqueous reaction of CHClF 2 with OH − ( k OH − ) was greater than 0.26 M −1 s −1 at 353 K. The k 1 values increased with increasing OH − concentration in the range from 0 to 3.5 × 10 −2 M; however, at OH − concentrations greater than 3.5 × 10 −2 M, the k 1 value decreased. According to these results, combined with the large, substantiated value of k OH − , it is expected that alkaline hydrolysis of CHClF 2 in aqueous NaOH solution at concentrations of some 10 −2 M at 353 K would proceed within several minutes if the gas-to-water mass transfer of CHClF 2 proceeds efficiently.

Преднамеренные электромагнитные деструктивные воздействия - угроза национальной безопасности страны

The problem of Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Impacts (IDEI) on power systems becomes recently more and more actual in connection with two modern trends: an extending application of microelectronics and microprocessorbased devices and systems in electric power industry — on the one hand, and intensive designs special equipment for distance destruction of electronic devices and systems — with another. The most powerful method for such destruction is the High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) as a result of high-altitude nuclear explosion. The history of experimental high-altitude nuclear explosions includes already half a century. During this time many tens the scientific articles, books, reports and standards in details presenting this phenomenon and measures of protection from it, have been published by English. However, all these materials have remained unknown to the Russian experts in civil sectors and especially in power engineering. Consequently, rare publications on this theme cause only negative emotions and indignation. Such relation to a problem and its full ignoring threatens national security and should be radically changed.

The effects of coinduction with sevoflurane–propofol and sevoflurane–ketofol in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive and effective method for local tumor destruction in nonsurgical patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). General anesthesia (GA) has been used for RFA. GA can decrease the hepatic blood flow and cause more hepatic dysfunction. This study aimed to compare the hemodynamic response, recovery characteristics, and postprocedural analgesia after induction of GA with either sevoflurane–propofol or sevoflurane–ketofol in liver patients undergoing RFA of HCC. Patients and methods Eighty patients with hepatic cirrhosis scheduled for RFA of HCC were randomly allocated into two groups. In group PS, induction of anesthesia was achieved using sevoflurane with propofol (1%). In group KPS, induction of anesthesia was achieved using sevoflurane with ketofol (prepared at a ratio of 1: 2). Results Regarding the induction time, the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion time, the percentage of LMA insertions from the first attempt, time to removal of LMA, and time to emergence were comparable between the two groups. However, the rescue analgesia time was longer in group KPS compared with group PS ( P < 0.001). The number of episodes during which blood pressure was below 20% of baseline blood pressure, as well as the highest and the lowest mean arterial pressure, was comparable between the two groups. Postoperative levels of liver enzymes were comparable between the two groups. In the recovery unit, only one patient (2.5%) in group KPS suffered from postoperative emergence agitation, and three patients (7.5%) suffered from nausea. Conclusion Either sevoflurane–propofol or sevoflurane–ketofol may be used as alternatives in liver patients undergoing RFA of HCC as both techniques have favorable anesthetic profiles and provide hemodynamic stability. However, when choosing sevoflurane–ketofol, the advantage of its enhanced analgesic effect must be weighed against the increased risk for postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Ionization method of electrical-thermal destruction (brakedown) of polymer films of pads in metal-polymer triboconjugate (part one)

Ionization method of electrical-thermal destruction (brakedown) of polymer films of pads in metal-polymer triboconjugate (part one)

ELECTROMAGNETIC ARMAGEDDON?

The problem of Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Impacts (IDEI) on power systems becomes recently more and more actual in connection with two modern trends: an extending application of microelectronics and microprocessor-based devices and systems in electric power industry - on the one hand, and intensive designs special equipment for distance destruction of electronic devices and systems - with another. The most powerful method for such destruction is the High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) as a result of high-altitude nuclear explosion. The history of experimental high-altitude nuclear explosions includes already half a century. During this time many tens the scientific articles and books in details presenting this phenomenon and measures of protection from it, have been published. In view of this fact, it would be possible to assume, that the problem of protection against HEMP for a long time is solved and modern power systems are well protected from this phenomenon. The research performed by the author, displays, that actually it not and for the last decades in one country of the world is not undertaken any practical measures on protection of national infrastructures against HEMP and all is restricted only to writing of reports, recommendations and guidelines. In the paper the reasons for such situation (in particular, political and military aspects of the problem) are analyzed.

"Cold combustion" as a new method of toxic waste destruction

This article describes a promising new method for the destruction of toxic industrial waste, obsolete pesticides and military poisons and explosives. The proposed method can be used to create mobile modular units that will produce the destruction of the "field", to clean the soil and water containing low concentrations of a pollutant, to solve the problem of disposal of explosives, which is often accompanied by the destruction of uncontrolled detonation. The proposed method is environmentally friendly, using ice as the working body

Interactive multi-criteria planning for radiofrequency ablation

Image-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a broadly used minimally invasive method for the thermal destruction of focal liver malignancies using needle-shaped instruments. The established planning workflow is based on examination of 2D slices and manual definition of the access path. During that process, multiple criteria for all possible trajectories have to be taken into account. Hence, it demands considerable experience and constitutes a significant mental task. An access path determination method based on image processing and numerical optimization is proposed. Fast GPU-based simulation approximation is utilized to incorporate the heat distribution including realistic cooling effects from nearby blood vessels. A user interface for intuitive exploration of the optimization results is introduced. The proposed methods are integrated into a clinical software assistant. To evaluate the suitability of the interactive optimization approach for the identification of meaningful therapy strategies, a retrospective study has been carried out. The system is able to propose clinically relevant trajectories to the target by incorporating multiple criteria. A novel method for planning of image-guided radiofrequency ablation by means of interactive access path determination based on optimization is presented. A first retrospective study indicates that the method is suited to improve the classical planning of RFA.

Possibilities of applying the method of radiofrequency (RF)thermal destruction to correct spasticity in childrenwith cerebral palsy

For the treatment of focal spasticity in the TurnerInstitute we developed and applied the approach toreduce spasticity in children with cerebral palsy byapplying the method of radiofrequency thermal de-struction of peripheral nerves and muscle motorpoints. This method is based on the effect of heatrelease during the passage through biological tissueof radiofrequency currents. The procedure was totally performed in 112 patients aged 1,2 to 14 yearsold with a level of spasticity over 3 points on a scaleAshworth. In order to reduce hypertonia of femuradductors, the target for RF ablation was obturatornerve; we targeted on the motor point of the gastrocnemius muscle in equinus, to reduce forearm flexorhypertonia we targeted on the musculo-cutaneousnerve, flexor muscles of the hand we intervened on their motor points. A positive result was maintained at follow-up of 6 months to one year in all patients, maximum - 2 years. The obtained results are preliminary and subject to further statistical processing, but they are quite comparable with the results of the use of type A botulinum toxin preparations. The proposed method of treatment is minimally invasive, virtually devoid of the risk of postoperative complications, can cut one stage spasticity in the muscles of various motor segments in children with cerebral palsy of great age range, including children up to 2 years old.

The Analysis of Pb and Cu levels in Canned fish and Sauces for the Storage Time

Lead (Pb) is pollutant that found in canned foods which derived from the soldering between the can and the lead. Copper (Cu) is one of material which one tin packaging can be oxidized and dissolved in acidic foods. Pb and Cu are not dangerous at lowest but it can cause botulism in gross. The storage time can affect the solubility of the metals. The purpose of the research is to know levels metal Pb and Cu in fishes and sauces canned and compared with limit BPOM. The limit of BPOM in canned fish for metal Pb is 0,3 ppm and for metal Cu is 5 ppm. The steps of the method are optimization the method of destruction and the measurement using Atomic Absorption Spectrofometry (SSA). The result shows that the storage time give effect to the greater of metal Pb and Cu in fish and sauce.The content of metal Pb in all sample exceeded the limit of BPOM. The content of metal Cu in sample A does not exceed in fish and sauce. The first month of sample B does not exceed, but the sixth month up to the twenty fourth month exceed the limit of BPOM in fish and sauce. The precision in all the measurement have on average &lt;2 %, it shows that all the measurements are good repetition. Keywords: Lead , Copper, Atomic Absorption Spectrofometry, fish, Sauce

Plaque radiotherapy for anterior uveal melanomas

To determine the effectiveness of plaque radiation therapy for anterior uveal melanomas and to evaluate the risk and frequency of complications at different time intervals after the treatment. During 2010-2013 a total of 30 patients (10 male, 20 female) aged 11-73 (50 years on the average) with iris or iridociliary melanomas were treated with Ru-106 and Sr-90 ophthalmic plaques. In 8 patients the brachytherapy was preceded by local tumor excision. Morphological diagnosis was verified in 10 patients (8 iridectomies, 2 enucleations), of them 8 cases turned out to be spindle cell melanomas and the other 2--mixed cell melanomas. Follow-up period ranged from 1 to 54 months with the median of 13,5 months. Tumor regression was achieved in all cases. Enucleation had to be performed in 2 patients due to cornea and sclera necrosis. In the early post-brachytherapy period (up to 1 month) the most frequent radiation-related complications were keratopathy and uveitis (8 and 6 patients correspondingly). In patients observed for up to 3 months (28 patients) these were keratopathy and cataract (8 and 5 patients correspondingly). In the long-term (over 6 months) cataract predominated (17 patients). At the end of the study all patients were alive. Metastatic disease was diagnosed in one patient 30 months after the treatment. The results of the present clinical study confirm the effectiveness of brachytherapy for iris and iridociliary melanomas, which implies that tumor is well locally controlled and radiation-related complications are moderate and curable. This method of local tumor destruction can be another alternative to enucleation in cases when local tumor excision cannot be performed.

Passive photo-catalytic destruction of air-borne VOCs in high traffic areas using TiO2-coated flexible PVC sheet

Photo-catalytic oxidation (PCO) of VOCs in high traffic regions can be achieved by providing optimum catalyst coating on large surface areas of advertising boards. Nine different sol–gel preparation techniques were attempted for coating TiO2 on flexible PVC sheet used for advertising boards. These coatings were characterized for structural continuity, surface roughness, surface impurities, strong surface attachment and particle size using AFM, XRD, FESEM, and EDX analyzers and optimum sol preparation technique for coating was adopted. Several sets of experiments were conducted for oxidation of benzene and toluene in a batch reactor (having optimum coating on PVC sheet) and parameters like reaction rate constant, order of reaction and removal efficiency etc. were evaluated. The reactions followed 1st order reaction rate model with rate constants for benzene 1.65×10−5min−1cm−2 and toluene 1.07×10−4min−1cm−2. The oxidation rate achieved on PVC sheet using natural sunlight for benzene and toluene was around 50% and 68% of that achieved for artificially controlled UV light. This study proposes a novel method of ambient air VOC destruction using PCO technique under natural sunlight in high traffic areas having large advertisement boards that can provide surface for catalytic coating.