Development Of Production Methods Research Articles

A new product development method to incorporating customer sensory preferences in food product design

As the way people consume has changed, the focus of customer satisfaction has moved away from engineering and towards sensory preferences (SPs), necessitating a new approach to product development. This paper introduces a novel product development model that incorporates SP factors. First, utilizing literature and expert input, a domain-specific food sensory attribute knowledge graph is built. Then, SPs/non-sensory preferences (NSPs) are extracted from extensive online product evaluations using Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and sentiment analysis. Customer preferences (CPs) are formed by combining quantifiable SPs/NSPs. Following that, CPs are used to design and distribute product components. To improve customer satisfaction, a new product development approach has been developed. Finally, a genetic algorithm is applied to the optimization model in order to determine the best product development approach. This model has been empirically and comparatively demonstrated to be practical and effective.

Pemanfaatan Biji Nangka dan Biji Kluwih Sebagai Pendukung Produk Pound Cake

Cake is favored by people from all walks of life, due to its dominant sweet flavor and soft texture. Efforts to develop pastry products can be made by modifying processed pastry products made from wheat flour. One of them is in making cakes with the substitution of jackfruit seed flour and kluwih seed flour. Assess and develop cake products by utilizing jackfruit seed flour and kluwih seed flour into quality cake products. To achieve these goals, a good research and development method is needed. This Product Research and Development method is the Analysis, Design, Develop or Production, Implementation or Delivery, and Evaluation model and organoleptic test by creating new innovations in the world of pastiseri. The author found 3 different recipe formulations in this study. The author applied with 100% wheat flour substitution, then 50% wheat flour substitution combined with 50% substitution of jackfruit seed flour and kluwih seeds, and with 100% substitution of jackfruit seed flour and kuluwih seeds. The composition of the cake making formula with supporting ingredients of jackfruit seed flour and kluwih seed flour as much as 50% of the ratio has changed which is acceptable to the general public. Modifications to butter cake whose main ingredient is 50% wheat flour and 50% jackfruit seed flour and kluwih seed flour are still acceptable and become new cake innovations in the world of pastiseri.

On the influence of local deformation on structural dynamic models of bolted lap joints

The acoustic and structural dynamic behavior of technical products—often referred to as Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH)—is an important criterion in customers’ purchasing decisions. Therefore, NVH optimization is a crucial goal of the development process. NVH is influenced by dynamic excitations, caused by time-varying forces e.g. in gears or electric machines, as well as the transfer path of sound from the location of excitation to a receiver such as a driver’s ear and the sound perception. The behavior of the transfer path is determined by amplification or isolation of structure-borne and airborne sound between the location of the excitation and the location of the receiver. As a result, eigenfrequencies and damping in the transfer path form crucial structural dynamic properties.Within jointed structures, friction between the surfaces of lap joints are the most dominant influencing factor on the transfer path’s damping. In order to increase the efficiency of NVH optimization in the development process, methods of virtual product development have become an established tool. Especially finite element method (FEM) and elastic multi-body simulation (eMBS) have allowed to numerically evaluate the structural dynamic behavior of technical products before manufacturing physical prototypes. While numerous methods for modeling jointed structures exist in FEM and eMBS environments, the choice of suitable eMBS models of joints remains challenging today. This is because the frictional behavior between the jointed partners in higher frequencies is largely influenced by the deformation of the joint surface. However, the deformation of the jointed parts is simplified in eMBS models compared to quasi-continuous FEM models. Accordingly, the choice of a suitable spatial discretization of eMBS joint models is a key factor in the model quality of eMBS models. Thus, this work proposes a modeling guideline for eMBS models of jointed structures based on the deformation of the structure using the criterion of rigidness. The method is demonstrated on an eMBS model of the academic Brake Reuß beam, which consists of two beam elements jointed with three screws in an overlap lap joint. Good agreement between eMBS simulation and measurement with an error of 1 dB is achieved using the proposed modeling method.

Exploring mobility and transportation technology futures for people with ambulatory disabilities: A science fiction prototype

Although a number of studies have explored science fiction prototyping as a method for new product development, no study has ever used the method to examine the mobility and transportation technology needs of people with disabilities. The current research created a science fiction prototype, based on expert opinion expressed during an imagination workshop, which the authors then presented to a sample of people with ambulatory disabilities. Through a conjoint analysis, the sample members delineated the elements of the prototype they regarded as most important. The participants considered personal mobility assistive technology (either an automated wheelchair or an exoskeleton) the most important, followed by personal automation (autonomous [driverless] vehicle or personal robot) and thirdly by personal assistance technologies (real-time response versus augmented metaverse planning systems). Outputs to the conjoint analysis were clustered and three categories of individual emerged (i) more innovatively minded people who occupied the first cluster and preferred an exoskeleton, a personal robot and a subscription to the metaverse, (ii) people who appeared to be less technologically inclined and preferred an automated wheelchair, an autonomous vehicle and a subscription to a real-time assistive system, and (iii) a group with members favouring an AV but with few other predilections.

Influence of Green Marketing on the Revenues and Firm Value of Companies in Asia

Green marketing is a marketing and product development method from a company oriented towards environmental sustainability. This research further aims to discover if green marketing can influence the increase in revenue and firm value of companies in Asia through the ROA ROE and PER indicators. In its analysis, this research uses a research methodology in the form of quantitative research with a research sample of 30 companies in Asia that implement green marketing with indicators (Green product, green promotion, green price and green place) and then tested using SPSS. The results of this research are 1. Green marketing turns out to have no correlation with increasing company revenue in Asia 2. Green marketing has an influence on firm value. The implications of this research encourage companies in Asia to focus more on green marketing strategies as a way to increase their long-term value, which may be more important than shortterm revenue growth for increasing a company's stability and future growth.

A Z-number and MABAC method based on reliability analysis and evaluation of product design concept

Modular design is a significant method for complicated product development. In the context of modular design, involving users in concept assessment boosts a product's appeal but also introduces decision uncertainty and unreliability. As a solution, this paper proposed a hybrid method by integrating expert consensus modeling, attribute weighting, Z-number, and the Multi-Attribute Border Approximation Area Comparison (MABAC) method. Initially, a consensus model is established using consistency theory to determine expert weights, and attribute priorities are determined through the entropy weighting method. Subsequently, the Z-number-based MABAC method ranks the alternatives, determining the optimal solution among them. Using an automated outdoor cleaning vehicle as an example, the proposed method is compared to other techniques. The sensitivity analysis and the comparisons show that the proposed method improves the reliability and objective of the decision-making process.

A Global Temporal Networked Consensus Mining Method for Social Product Development

A Global Temporal Networked Consensus Mining Method for Social Product Development

Sustainable agility of product development process based on a rough cloud technique: A case study on China's small and medium enterprises.

The importance of incorporating an agile approach into creating sustainable products has been widely discussed. This approach can enhance innovation integration, improve adaptability to changing development circumstances, and increase the efficiency and quality of the product development process. While many agile methods have originated in the software development context and have been formulated based on successful software projects, they often fail due to incorrect procedures and a lack of acceptance, preventing deep integration into the process. Additionally, decision-making for market evaluation is often hindered by unclear and subjective information. Therefore, this study introduces an extended TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method for sustainable product development. This method leverages the benefits of cloud model theory to address randomness and uncertainty (intrapersonal uncertainty) and the advantages of rough set theory to flexibly handle market demand uncertainty without requiring extra information. The study proposes an integrated weighting method that considers both subjective and objective weights to determine comprehensive criteria weights. It also presents a new framework, named Sustainable Agility of Product Development (SAPD), which aims to evaluate criteria for assessing sustainable product development. To validate the effectiveness of this proposed method, a case study is conducted on small and medium enterprises in China. The obtained results show that the company needs to conduct product structure research and development to realize new product functions.

Product Development Processes for Individualized Products: A Case Study

The demand for individualized products is continuously increasing. For this purpose, product development processes are already established in companies. However, these processes are typically based on mass products and are not necessarily suitable for individualized products. Hence, the question emerges of how to develop and manufacture individualized products in a corporate product development setup. The characteristics of individualized products and a multiple-case study in seven companies made apparent that product development processes for complex individualized products should be adapted according to the specific requirements and relate to specific product development methods. More specifically, results indicate that a prior definition and assurance of boundaries as well as free spaces through pretested products is key, as the validation stage is constrained for such products. Methods such as in-process monitoring, postprocessing, and responsibility sharing (co-design) and the use of expert tools foster such product development processes. That gives practitioners the possibility to develop and manufacture individualized products efficiently by adapting the product development process and using the right methods. Based on these results and the literature review, we propose a novel definition of individualized products and a holistic product development process that may support discussions of the relevance of mass individualization as a new paradigm.

Towards a sustainability-oriented development of biointelligent products

A sustainable and safe satisfaction of needs can be expected to be achieved through so-called biointelligent systems, resulting from the convergence of life, engineering, and computer sciences. In the context of product design, two fundamental challenges emerge. First, the integration of living elements represents a component that has been largely absent from traditional development processes. Second, a variety of additional challenges arise to ensure contributions to sustainability, resulting from its multidisciplinary nature, e.g. miscommunication, various methodological approaches or conflicts of objectives. Therefore, a product development process that integrates biology, technology and informatics while considering sustainability aspects from the outset is becoming necessary. Given that existing sustainable product development concepts like Design for Sustainability or Ecodesign primarily refer to conventional product development methods, addressing sustainability in the development of biointelligent products poses a novel challenge. This work aims to propose a "Design for Biointelligence" framework by elaborating conceptual thoughts on a sustainability-oriented guideline for the development of biointelligent products. As a result, we state that a biointelligent product integrates biological and technical parts, transmits information through interaction between these parts and promotes sustainability. Through a case study of a biointelligent sensor system, potential challenges associated with developing biointelligent products were identified and conceptual thoughts on a guideline were elaborated.

The Impact of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) Factors and Eco-Friendly Trends on the Beauty Industry: A Big Data Analysis of the Past Year

This study examines the impact of eco-friendly trends and Environmental, Social, and Governance(ESG) factors in the beauty industry. Recognizing the significance of eco-friendly trends and ESG in the sector, the research aims to achieve its objectives by extracting key keywords using big data and analyzing them through social network analysis. The data utilized for this study covers the period from June 1, 2022, to May 31, 2023. The findings of this research reveal that both eco-friendly trends and ESG have a substantial influence on the beauty industry as a whole. Firstly, eco-friendly trends have brought about changes in beauty product development and production methods. Increased consumer environmental consciousness has led to a higher demand for natural ingredients, renewable materials, and recyclable packaging. As a result, numerous beauty brands are launching eco-friendly product lines and adopting environmentally sustainable production practices, promoting these initiatives in their actual beauty products. Secondly, ESG factors significantly impact the business operations and sustainability of beauty industry companies. Companies that demonstrate outstanding performance in environmental, social responsibility, and governance aspects are more likely to gain greater trust and support from consumers and investors. Complying with social values, ethical principles such as opposing animal testing, ensuring product safety, fair trade, diversity, and inclusivity, enhances companies' competitiveness. Lastly, this research finds that eco-friendly trends and ESG not only affect the beauty industry itself but also influence investment decisions. ESG evaluations assist investors in assessing a company's long-term value creation capability and risk management. Business strategies that consider ESG factors have the potential to attract investor interest. It is important to note that this study is based on current trends and data, but the beauty industry is continuously and rapidly evolving. Ongoing updates to research findings and further investigations into new trends are necessary.

Website redesign using Lean UX methods and heuristic evaluation (Case Study: SMA Negeri 3 Gorontalo)

Lean UX has grown into a product and service development method commonly used by start-ups around the world. Lean UX is becoming very popular because the product development process can be done with little financial capital, human resources, and time. In addition, heuristic evaluation is one of the testing techniques with a high level of effectiveness. The ten heuristic aspects have been able to overcome most of the errors before a product is launched. In this study, the two methods were combined to obtain optimal product results. This research was conducted on the website of SMA Negeri 3 Gorontalo, which after observing and interviewing, it was found that the current website does not pay much attention to aspects of the user interface and user experience. The results of testing by professionals using the heuristic evaluation method and severity ratings, get an average result of 0.83 where these results are included in the cosmetic problem, which means that the problem does not have to be fixed unless the project time is still available. Furthermore, testing of design recommendations was carried out on students and teachers, and the results of the SEQ assessment were 6.97 out of a scale of 7, from this assessment, it could be concluded that the design recommendations were acceptable to users.

Endotracheal Cuff System Performance Enhancement through Product Design and Development Methodologies

Rapid prototyping (RP) is a popular method for product development and design in medical industries. Endotracheal tube (ETT) incubation is a common problem when using medical equipment. Among the difficulties that surgeons face during surgical procedures are the misinsertion of an endotracheal tube into the oesophagus and extubation due to the patient's limited mobility. The aim of this work is to design an innovative endotracheal tube holding model. The survey was carried out in order to identify the most common ETT problems. As a result, quality functional deployment and product design and development methodologies were utilised to select the design for all of the ideas, which were designed based on the demands indicated by the consumers. The concept score matrix was used to evaluate the designs. As a result, concept A is selected as the final design. The overall score for each concept was calculated to discover which concept has the highest rating. Based on the results of the concept scoring and concept screening, concept A is the most likely to be produced. The concept meets the most demanding needs of the users. The selected design was then created on the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine.

Development of Sago-based Analog Rice Using Kansei and Value Engineering

This study used two product development methods: Kansei and value engineering. Kansei engineering was used to identify and translate consumer psychological impressions or feelings in the form of Kansei words to the design parameters, while value engineering was used to analyze the functional properties by considering cost, reliability, and performance. The consumers determined the priority attributes of analog rice products, namely a good taste, a fluffy and soft texture, as well as a bright color. Three alternative variations of the product development concept were formulated based on these priorities. The concept with the highest value was then concluded as an analog rice produced from 90% Sago flour and 10% MOCAF (Modified Cassava Flour) with a value of 1,131.

Practical Characterization Strategies for Comparison, Qualification, and Selection of Cell Viability Detection Methods for Cellular Therapeutic Product Development and Manufacturing.

Cellular therapy development and manufacturing has focused on providing novel therapeutic cell-based products for various diseases. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has provided guidance on critical quality attributes (CQAs) that shall be considered when testing and releasing cellular therapeutic products. Cell count and viability measurements are two of the CQAs that are determined during development, manufacturing, testing, and product release. The ISO Cell Counting Standard Part 1 and 2 addressed the needs for improving the quality of cell counting results. However, there is currently no guidance on the qualification and selection of a fit-for-purpose cell viability detection method. In this work, we present strategies for the characterization and comparison of AO/PI and AO/DAPI staining methods using the heat-killed (HK) and low temperature/nutrient-deprived (LT/ND) cell death models to evaluate the comparability of cell viability measurements and identify potential causes of differences. We compared the AO/PI and AO/DAPI staining methods using HK and LT/ND-generated dead cells, investigated the staining time effects on cell viability measurements, and determined their viability linearity with different mixtures of live and dead cells. Furthermore, we validated AO/PI and AO/DAPI cell viability measurement with a long-term cell proliferation assay. Finally, we demonstrate a practical example of cell viability measurement comparison using AO/PI and AO/DAPI on antibiotic-selected transduced Jurkat and THP-1 cells to select a fit-for-purpose method for functional genomics screening. The proposed strategies may potentially enable scientists to properly characterize, compare, and select cell viability detection methods that are critical for cellular therapeutic product development and manufacturing.

A Model-Based Approach for the Methodical Development and Configuration of Modular Product Families

This paper shows how a methodical development and configuration of modular product family concepts and their effects on economic targets can be implemented in SysML. For this purpose, different sources of inconsistency between different methodical tools are highlighted and the need for research is shown. As a solution approach, a methodical framework is presented, which can be used to implement product development methods for the developing of modular product family modeling by means of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) in the modeling language SysML. By applying the framework, it is shown on the one hand how a product family of vacuum cleaner robots as a simple example can be modularized in a methodical, model-based manner. On the other hand, a configuration system and an impact model of modular product families are connected with the system model and applied to a product family of laser systems as an industrial use case. This made it clear that the framework can be used to model various methodical topics of product family modeling in a consistent manner, to enable higher-level analyses with the use of MBSE tools. This can reduce errors, decrease effort and increase traceability across different methodical tools.

An Iterative Method for the Simulation of Rice Straw-Based Polyol Hydroxyl Moieties

Bio-derived polyol products have gained global interest as a green and sustainable substitute for fossil-based polyols in a diverse range of polyurethane (PU) applications. According to previous studies, PU properties are highly influenced by the reaction kinetics during their formation. One major factor affecting this is the reactivity of their polyol’s functional hydroxyl moieties that are classified as primary, secondary, and hindered-secondary. However, experimental quantitative characterization of these polyol hydroxyl moieties remains a challenge in the field due to various factors affecting them, including extensive time requirements, the need for substantial and expensive resources, large potential errors, and the generation of wastes, as well as health and safety considerations. In this study, the molar fraction of primary, secondary, and hindered-secondary hydroxyl moieties of a petroleum-based polyol (V490) and a rice straw-based polyol were determined via an iterative computational method. The method employed a MATLAB script that can simultaneously solve multiple differential equations involving PU gelling reaction kinetics and thermodynamics. In this manner, numerical combinations of the fraction of each type of hydroxyl moiety are generated by looping together the respective numerical fractions for each moiety. The best-fit combinations of the fractions of the mixed polyol’s hydroxyl moieties were successfully found via curve fitting of the simulated and experimental gelling temperature profile with an average numerical deviation of less than 1%. Thus, the method presented in this study offers a faster and more reliable characterization of the polymeric reaction kinetics than the experimental and conventional computational methods for product property enhancement and development in the field.

Designing Novel, Valuable, and Marketable Products from Waste Sedge Plant Fiber Residues

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how discarded sedge plant fibers can be converted into new market-oriented products through product design and development. 
 
 Theoretical framework: The product design and development method, researchers work directly with the community as partners to experiment with materials using simple technology and design prototypes. The goods were then evaluated for market viability and SWOT to determine if they met market demands. These techniques target novel, collaborative, value-added, and waste goods.
 
 Design/Methodology/Approach: The mixed-methods case study followed Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR). Market assessments provided quantitative data. The community business served 140 Baby Boomers and Gen Z customers, ages 20–50, and sampled 103 consumers. The data collection instruments included site surveys, interviews, focus groups, experiments, recordkeeping, surveys, and SWOT analysis.
 
 Findings: This study identifies uniquely developed products that are ecologically conscious and reduce global impacts. The value of waste sedge plant fibers from the production of reed mats can be added, redesigned, and developed into marketable products. The two prototypes (the Bannock basket and the berry basket) met market demand in terms of material suitability, uniqueness and attractiveness, competitive price, commercial possibilities, exquisiteness, and utility. The SWOT analysis revealed potential marketing opportunities for the developed products. 
 
 Research, practical and social implications: The study reveals these significant implications. Practically, this study offers alternatives to traditional methods that can be used to overcome the current economic and environmental barriers to reducing waste and getting more value out of it. Conceptually and methodologically, it offers a technique to rebuild the framework of product design and development from waste sedge plant fiber remnants into new, value-added, and market-oriented products. Socially, this study yields the production process knowledge transfer to community levels nationwide. Economically, the developed products implicate viability of community-level OTOP establishments nationally.
 
 Originality/Value: This is the first time that the waste sedge plant fibers from the production of reed mats have been designed and developed into marketable products. This research is part of a paradigm shift in redesigned product design and development that is critical for the economic and environmental sustainability of communities.

Resilient Design of Product Service Systems with Automated Guided Vehicles

Automated guided vehicles undertake complex transportation tasks, for instance, in production and storage systems. In recent years, an increased focus on sustainability has occurred as the effects of ongoing climate change have become more apparent. Engineers are searching intensively for ways to design technical systems that are not only environmentally sustainable, but are also resilient to the challenges of the changing climate and other environmental conditions. The production of automated guided vehicles requires considerable resources; therefore, a long operation time is desirable for overall sustainability. The performance of transportation tasks requires certain processes, such as control, path planning, coordination/synchronization, and maintenance and update processes—the latter are also very important for a long operation time. This article proposes understanding these processes as services and to explore product service systems with automated guided vehicles. Due to their complexity, the efficient and safe operation of such systems can be at risk because of several factors, such as component faults, external attacks and disturbances. For several years both resilient control and resilience engineering have been researched as possible remedies. An extension of these two concepts to the early stages of system development processes and including the system’s hardware is proposed in this article. This extension is referred to as resilient design. A primary purpose of resilient design is sustainability through extended usability and planned updates. The main intention of this article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of resilient design through application to product service systems with automated guided vehicles. The basis for this contribution is an extensive literature review and detailed system analyses on different levels. The main research results include novel application modes for product development methods. The explanation of the results is supported by means of an illustrative example based on a product service system with automated guided vehicles.

GEMİLERDE YAKIT İKMALİ OPERASYONUNDA GERÇEKLEŞMESİ MUHTEMEL KAZALARIN HATA TÜRÜ VE ETKİLERİ ANALİZİ İLE AZALTILMA ÇALIŞMASI

It is only possible for companies to maintain their position and advance in the competitive environment by preserving their quality and by developing and improving themselves. In this direction, they need to make quality measurements and analyses. For this purpose, more than one quality improvement method has been developed. One of the techniques for enhancing quality is the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. FMEA is an operations management and product development method that classifies failures according to similarity, probability, detectability, and severity to analyze potential failure types of a system. It is a technique that focuses on avoiding risks in products and processes during the production phase and documenting these activities. Its purpose is to prevent poor quality, address potential risks that may cause product defects, identify possible types of defects, and determine their consequences and severity. In this study, the bunkering operation between the fuel barge and a ship, the berthing and anchoring of the fuel barge, the fuel transfer process, the unberthing of the fuel barge, and the preparation for the voyage were handled in three stages and the hazards were defined for each stage. Bunkering operation hazards have been identified by using FMEA have been conducted to reduce operational risks, and suggestions have been made.