Development Of Production Methods Research Articles

A New Method for Quality Function Deployment Based on Rough Cloud Model Theory

Quality function deployment (QFD) has been a popular product or service development method to convert customer needs (CNs) into technical requirements (TRs). Nevertheless, the traditional QFD has vagueness inherent in experts’ opinions in determining CNs’ weights and the relationship between CNs and TRs. In the previous research works, fuzzy set theory is popular to deal with imprecise information in QFD. However, it still suffers from several deficiencies. For example, it needs prior information that leads to relatively fixed intervals expressing vagueness; and it assumes the membership degrees are crisp. To solve the issues, this article develops an integrated QFD method, where rough sets and cloud model are utilized for treating uncertain information. The former expresses impreciseness without any other assumptions and the latter considers expert evaluations’ randomness. In order to obtain more comprehensive importance of CNs, a combination weighting method is utilized. In the end, a compressor rotor's industrial service design is conducted utilizing the proposed method, where its effectiveness is verified.

Validation of the Design for Mass Adaptation Method – A Case for Higher Medical Treatment Quality

This contribution demonstrates the application of the new Design Method Validation System ( DMVS) for the validation of engineering design methods in product development. The application example is a case from the medical branch. The product design method Design for Mass Adaptation ( DfMAd) with individualization and modification steps as triggers is compared to an adapted design method with product individualization but without modification triggers. This experimental study was conducted in accordance with the DMVS procedure. Measured outcomes refer to the usefulness, applicability and acceptance of the design method DfMAd. Two groups of student participants were compared to each other through research tools based on quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. Findings show that the considered DfMAd phase successfully leads to the desired benefit for the consideration of variant-oriented alternatives, thus confirming the test hypothesis. In the example of a product, a crutch, a high treatment quality can be achieved by specific adaptability of the product. In addition, it is shown that DMVS is suitable for the development of experiments and that the data collection means are differently suited for the validation of the three criteria.

Minimum water consumption method screening of velvet bean (Mucuna sp.) processings to produce functional food ingredients

Velvet bean (Mucuna sp.) has been proven containing many beneficial compounds that can be implemented in pharmaceutical and medicines but less noticed for functional foods even though traditionally it is consumed as daily foods or snacks. The indigenous food preparation such as velvet bean Tempe warrants scientific investigation to help society with better public health management. The objective of the review is to select the best method for functional food ingredient product development using velvet beans and provide hypothetical health-oriented food processing e.g. velvet bean flour as functional food ingredients with a focus on less water consumption during processing. Steaming is the selected method.

Media Edukasi Siswa Usia Dini di Masa Pandemi

A suggestion to School From Home during Covid-19 pandemic made learning process at RA Riyadlotul Uqul, Dusun Lowok, less optimally. Online learning takes place in the form of assignments, and those who haven’t gadgets continue to study at school in turn. The purposes of this service activvity is to develop learning media that is suitbale for the pandemic situation in RA Riyadlotul Uqul. The results of discussions with teachers at that school stated that there were threee suitable media to be developed, animated video, relay stick games, and hand puppets, where all produccts were equipped with user manuals book, so that teacher and parents could easily apply them at home. The product development method adopt ADDIE. The result shows that teacher feels helped by the existance of educational media that is developed, as a variation of teaching techniques, and also build good character for students, which guidebook contains the benefits of using developed media. The teacher, as user, gave suggestions that the video should be uploaded on YouTube, and the guidebook has been copied to make it easier for the teacher to distribute it to the parents of students. The hope is that parents can accompany children to learn while playing at their home.

Peningkatan Keahlian Pembukuan UMKM Kuliner Binaan PT Sinar Sosro Cempaka Putih Jakarta

A suggestion to School From Home during Covid-19 pandemic made learning process at RA Riyadlotul Uqul, Dusun Lowok, less optimally. Online learning takes place in the form of assignments, and those who haven’t gadgets continue to study at school in turn. The purposes of this service activvity is to develop learning media that is suitbale for the pandemic situation in RA Riyadlotul Uqul. The results of discussions with teachers at that school stated that there were threee suitable media to be developed, animated video, relay stick games, and hand puppets, where all produccts were equipped with user manuals book, so that teacher and parents could easily apply them at home. The product development method adopt ADDIE. The result shows that teacher feels helped by the existance of educational media that is developed, as a variation of teaching techniques, and also build good character for students, which guidebook contains the benefits of using developed media. The teacher, as user, gave suggestions that the video should be uploaded on YouTube, and the guidebook has been copied to make it easier for the teacher to distribute it to the parents of students. The hope is that parents can accompany children to learn while playing at their home.

Fractal – Matrix Method for New Product Development

Fractal – Matrix Method for New Product Development

RISK MANAGEMENT IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: RISK IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT, AND MITIGATION – A LITERATURE REVIEW

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature on risk management practices and methods in product design and development. Based on an expert workshop by the Risk Management Processes and Methods in Design Special Interest Group within the Design Society and literature review, three key areas are discussed: risk identification, assessment, and mitigation. In each area, researchers have described practices that are used in product development organizations, proposed new methods to support risk management processes and decision-making, and generated evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of these activities.

Development of physical practicum tools to determine the refractive index through measurement of real depth and apparent depth

This study aims to develop and determine the feasibility of a physics practicum tool to determine the refractive index of fluids through measurement of apparent depth and real depth. The product development method used in this study was Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. The results of this study, the refractive index of water is n = (1.3158112 ± 0.0000303) with a relative error of 1.07%, the refractive index for saltwater is n = (1.4476904 ± 0.0000387) with relative error by 1.37%, the refractive index for sugar water is n = (1.355680 ± 0,000145) with a relative error of 1.02%, and the refractive index for cooking oil is n = (1.4525593 ± 0.0000694) with a relative error of 1.36%. The results of the feasibility test of media experts, material experts and users for practicum tools and practicum guides were 90.69% which included in the Very Good category, 94.17% which was in the Very Good category, 90.62% which was in the Very Good category. Based on the results of these percentages, the practicum tools, and the practicum guides are declared to be suitable as learning media on Optics Geometry material, especially for the determination of the refractive index with real depth and apparent depth.

Changes in IT Governance for Business Transformation in Banking Industry: Case of PT XYZ in Indonesia

Changes in IT governance is urgently needed to support the business transformation. PT XYZ is a bank that transformed its business model to compete optimally in today's digital era. The reasons are to modernize legacy systems and existing work units, develop more customer-centric products, and expand banking service coverage. This research’s objectives were to look at elements of IT governance by De Haes & Grembergen which are structures, processes, and relational mechanisms. The analysis was carried out by looking at the condition of the bank before and after the transformation that happened because of changes in the governance of IT decision making that will be seen using theory from Weill & Ross. Data were collected from annual and internal reports, also interviews with parties related to IT governance at PT XYZ. The results of this research showed that transformation happened in all elements of IT governance. Changes in organizational structure and alignment processes between business and IT, as well as product development methods such as the application of bi-modal governance, which uses both waterfall and agile, occurred after the transformation. Recommendations are given to PT XYZ to restructure the organization and schedule regular meetings to affiliate IT project development.

ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK BATIK SEMARANGAN DALAM MEMPERLUAS PASAR (Studi pada 5 (Lima) UKM Batik di Kota Semarang)

The developing batik industry is currently a handicraft that has high-value products, in the development of products carried out by UMKM Batik Semarang, which is able to produce new innovations and strategies in developing batik semarangan products. The results of research on the development and analysis of strategies carried out by UMKM Batik Semarang can increase consumer demand for batik products while seeing the demand for batik at this time. This study discusses the outline to find out how UMKM Batik Semarang conducts an analysis of product development strategies so that they can make semarangan batik products. This research is a qualitative research that uses descriptive analytic type with a focus of research on the strategies used in the process of developing batik semarangan products. The data retrieval method used is the interview method and document study, while the discussion room in this research completes all sections of UMKM Batik Semarang with key informants namely the owner and the company. The results show how the stages of product development have a relationship and influence one another. UMKM Batik Semarang emphasizes the development of product value by searching the market. The conclusion of this research is that in the product development process carried out by UMKM Batik Semarang produces a product development method called the Natural Color Concept and the embodiment of the work, in addition to that the brand story used in promoting products to the market, using social media. The challenge that addresses companies in this regard is how the company drives markets and maintains cultural heritage

Development of a Flexible Injection and Impregnation Chamber for Pultrusion of High Reactive Resins

Pultrusion is an established and efficient process for the production of continuous fiber-reinforced composites using resin systems such as unsaturated polyesters and vinyl esters. Highly reactive resins like polyurethane and amine epoxy have been in use for a few years. These resin classes stand out due to an extended spectrum of properties. This opens up new fields of application for the pultrusion technology, but poses challenges for the processing technology. Pot lives in the range of a few minutes require a continuous process: closed injection pultrusion (CIP). Various approaches to the design and layout of the internal geometry of the injection and impregnation chambers (ii-chamber) are the subject of ongoing research. Numerous factors influence the impregnation process in the ii-chamber as well as the quality of the resulting composite.Within the scope of this study, the influencing variables of the impregnation process in the ii-chamber have been analyzed and evaluated. The main influencing variables and their impact were determined. Based on the selection of the influencing variables, a concept for an ii-chamber has been developed using product development methods. This approach allows fast and flexible adjustment of the main influencing variables in the process. The chosen strategy enables the derivation of suitable die and process parameters for the processing of novel materials for pultrusion. The ii-chamber concept has been implemented and validated by experimental processing of a novel PU resin system in the pultrusion process.

Expediency of ATO in heavy rail: A survey for the Dutch Railways

Automatic train operation (ATO) is a relatively new trend in heavy rail. While technical specifications define system and function requirements, implementation and adoption of ATO requires a business case. In this research we have developed a framework which could indicate if a corridor is suitable for automatic operation or not. We have approached this challenge by using product development methods such as QFD (Quality Function Deployment) and methods developed specifically for this study. The results indicate that ATO could influence performance, time to market and costs with respect to manual operation. The influence depends on the characteristics of a corridor, corridor segmenting as well as the operational procedures. The positive influence of ATO, considering the current state of the Dutch railways, could be limited and there may be additional challenges.

Frame conditions for implementing design methods in the product development industry

Although the systematic use of design methods is critical for improving product development, its acceptance by industries has been lower than expected. The purpose of this study is to establish the frame conditions for implementing design methods for product development in the consumer goods industry. The research strategy consists of analysing the implementation of design methods in five large Brazilian product development companies in different segments. The implementation of the design methods was through workshops with departments related to product development activities, and the evaluation was based on the observations of the process, responses to questionnaires and interviews with the participating employees. The key findings of this study are 11 factors that influence an industry's adoption of product development design methods. These findings include not only methods-related suggestions, such as guidelines for the selection and the form of application of the design methods, but also suggestions for actions that should be taken at the cultural and structural levels of the companies. The main contribution of this study to design research is that it elicits discussion about the product development aspects that are often the main factors of failure and/or divergence in an implementation.

On the Applicability of Agile Development Methods to Design for Additive Manufacturing

Due to increasing global competition, the demand for more individualization and constantly changing requirements, the importance of time to market and a high degree of flexibility in product development is increasing. New manufacturing technologies as well as improved methodical approaches in product development can be used for this purpose. The additive manufacturing industry has developed strongly in recent years and the possibilities of using this technology for final components are constantly increasing. At the same time, there are many efforts that contribute to identifying and implementing the potential of this manufacturing technology during product development. Other approaches, such as agile product development from software industry, are applied at the organizational level and also try to tackle the aforementioned challenges.This contribution therefore presents an approach using agile product development methods to develop components for additive manufacturing. The potentials of additive manufacturing are specifically used (e.g. tool-free manufacturing) to enable the principles of agile development also for physical products. The Design Pattern Matrix as an opportunistic approach is applied to systematically link the potentials of additive manufacturing with the functions of the product. Therefore, design elements are conducted from additive manufacturing case studies and provided to design engineers during the development. Furthermore, already known methods of design for additive manufacturing are classified into the procedure of the agile framework scrum.

Design and Construction of Multi-Purpose Hand Crank Mechanical Energy Charger

The high demand for energy requires humanity to search for alternatives to improve and sustain the standard of living in the modern world. As a way to explore other possibilities of energy sources during emergencies as well as the development of eco-friendly technology, this paper aims to design and construct a multi-purpose mechanical energy charger using the product design and development method of research. Findings showed that the device is capable of producing electricity with its mechanical hand-crank for smartphones, rechargeable mini fan, and rechargeable flashlight. Meanwhile, the device is cheaper compared to the existing charging device in the market. It was also assessed that the device has social acceptability and technologically sound attributes based on its effectiveness, portability, usability, and user-friendliness. After the design and fabrication, it is recommended that there is a need to further improve the device with longer trials and verifications to obtain its most desirable performance for technology utilization and commercialization.

Knowledge creation in the automotive industry: Analysing obeya-oriented practices using the SECI model

The dynamics of knowledge processes represents a major research topic in management studies. The interpretation of the different tools and methods as enablers for knowledge creation has important implications for achieving innovation, namely in lean product development contexts. Previous researchers have classified the different tools and methods in lean product development using the Socialization–Externalization–Combination–Internalization (SECI) theoretical framework for knowledge management. The aim of this paper is to examine empirically how obeya is used to create knowledge and how it is possible to frame its adoption in the light of the SECI model. We explored this relationship using two obeya experiences at Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, within a project that was part of the development of a new longitudinal engine for the Alfa Romeo Giulia.

Factors behind development of innovations in European forest-based bioeconomy

Organizational-level innovations are one of the key pathways for reaching the Knowledge-Based Bio-Economy; and analysis of factors behind their development is missing within forest-based bioeconomy. In this study we develop an analytical definition of forest-based bioeconomy, grounded on input from European forestry and bioeconomy capacity mapping exercises from five projects and with participation of five experts from different backgrounds. Variables related to innovation development are based on open innovation concept and literature review of studies focused on bioeconomy context. Data is gathered on innovations developed by private companies within forest-based bioeconomy projects of Seventh Framework Programme, EU Research and Innovation Programme Horizon 2020 and projects funded through the Network co-fund of the European Research Area.Most frequent types of innovations are within the development of production methods, followed by innovations in goods and services. There are few innovation cases in later stages of development, and more disruptive and complex innovations are usually more successful ones. Successful innovations also depend on support from organizational leadership and on external financial support. Project-based funding in innovation development is offset by the revenue generated from these innovations. Vast majority of companies considers the EU framework projects as a useful tool for supporting the development of innovations.

Ewolucja rozwoju żywności lokalnej w kontekście idei zrównoważonej konsumpcji

Celem artykułu była charakterystyka pojęcia i genezy żywności lokalnej oraz dyskusja nad jej znaczeniem w kontekście zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Wskazano, iż rozwinięcie rynku żywności lokalnej oparte jest na tradycji wytwarzania i spożywania produktów pochodzących z własnego gospodarstwa, stanowi efekt rozwoju metod produkcji, przechowalnictwa, transportu, dystrybucji i współpracy środowisk lokalnych. Zaprezentowano dane dotyczące rynku żywności lokalnej oraz przeprowadzono dyskusję na temat definicji żywności lokalnej. Przedstawiono producentów żywności lokalnej, jako autentycznych „strażników” systemów jej produkcji, mogących wnieść istotny wkład w popularyzację modelu zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Potwierdzono tezę o istotnym znaczeniu produktów lokalnych w realizacji idei zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Stwierdzono, że rynek żywności lokalnej stanowi szerokie pole działań i wymaga dalszych prac, następnie zasygnalizowane przyszłe kierunki badań. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy, a prowadząc analizę, dokonano analizy danych wtórnych, w tym także własnych badań naukowych w tym zakresie.

Customer involvement in product development

PurposeBeing innovative and bringing new products to the market fast is important for firms to stay competitive. Customers are important for providing input to product developments in industrial markets. The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of how firms use Voice of the Customer (VoC) in product development and how VoC can complement other customer involvement methods.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a qualitative case study of a global leading and innovative firm, a maker of tools for the automotive industry. The study provides detailed insight into the implementation of VoC for product development.FindingsThe process of customer involvement in product development through VoC is explored. The study shows that by using the VoC method, firms can gather knowledge for input to product development projects while developing relationships with a larger number of customers. The findings point out that VoC can be modified to focus on customer needs related to product development as well as marketing efforts requiring cross-functional collaboration. The VoC method is suitable for combining with other customer involvement methods such as project involvement and pilot testing. Through VoC, firms have the chance to benchmark across industries and regions.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper provides insights into the VoC process of customer involvement aimed at product development. The case study provides an illustration of how an industrial firm uses VoC in product development. The paper points out the importance of managing external (customer) involvement in product development and internal (cross-functional) collaborations.Practical implicationsA set of questions that firms can ask themselves before embarking on customer involvement has been developed. The paper shows that customers can be involved at a number of points in time, have a wide range of roles and contribute different knowledge. VoC is suitable for combining with other customer involvement methods.Originality/valueThe contribution of the paper consists of a case study illustrating how customer involvement in product development can be achieved through VoC. A number of customer involvement methods for product development are discussed for combining with VoC, showing how different methods are complementary in product development.

Research Lifecycle to Increase the Substantial Real-world Impact of Research: Accelerating Innovations to Application.

Background:US health care systems face a growing demand to incorporate innovations that improve patient outcomes at a lower cost. Funding agencies increasingly must demonstrate the impact of research investments on public health. The Learning Health System promotes continuous institutional innovation, yet specific processes to develop innovations for further research and implementation into real-world health care settings to maximize health impacts have not been specified.Objective:We describe the Research Lifecycle and how it leverages institutional priorities to support the translation of research discoveries to clinical application, serving as a broader operational approach to enhance the Learning Health System.Methods:Developed by the US Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development Research-to-Real-World Workgroup, the Research Lifecycle incorporates frameworks from product development, translational science, and implementation science methods. The Lifecycle is based on Workgroup recommendations to overcome barriers to more direct translation of innovations to clinical application and support practice implementation and sustainability.Results:The Research Lifecycle posits 5 phases which support a seamless pathway from discovery to implementation: prioritization (leadership priority alignment), discovery (innovation development), validation (clinical, operational feasibility), scale-up and spread (implementation strategies, performance monitoring), and sustainability (business case, workforce training). An example of how the Research Lifecycle has been applied within a health system is provided.Conclusions:The Research Lifecycle aligns research and health system investments to maximize real-world practice impact via a feasible pathway, where priority-driven innovations are adapted for effective clinical use and supported through implementation strategies, leading to continuous improvement in real-world health care.