Metastasis Of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Research Articles

Iatrogenic subcutaneous metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma after pericardiocentesis

Iatrogenic subcutaneous metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma after pericardiocentesis

Metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma to the oral cavity: A case report and literatures review of the last 30 years

AbstractBackgroundMetastases of pulmonary adenocarcinomas (pADCs) into the oral cavity are rare and sometimes misdiagnosed because of clinical findings that are similar to benign or inflammatory lesions.Case presentationA 79‐year‐old man had a soft elastic mass in the oral cavity. Cytological and histological examinations revealed a metastasis of a pADC that was vimentin‐positive.ConclusionOral cytology may be valuable for the detection of metastatic lesions in the oral cavity. Palliative surgery for maintaining the oral function may be beneficial to improve quality of life, and it did not affect survival time in Kaplan–Meier analysis from the literature review.

Abstract 1617: Developing new mouse models of metastatic lung cancer

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The focus of this work is to develop new mouse models for metastatic lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and greater than 90% of human cancer deaths are due to metastasis. Metastatic disease in most existing mouse models of lung cancer is typically sporadic and often requires aging mice for several months. These factors limit the usefulness of mouse models for basic and pre-clinical research aimed at effective treatment of metastatic disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: We have developed a new mouse model of lung cancer and are in the process of developing two additional models. In the first model, we added mutations in Dicer1, an RNAse III enzyme within the microRNA (miRNA) biosynthesis pathway to a mouse model of Kras-driven pulmonary adenocarcinoma. When we combined conditional expression of an oncogenic allele of Kras (KrasG12D), deletion of both alleles of Trp53 and one allele of Dicer1 in Club cells with expression of truncated Dicer1 in alveolar type II cells, we generated mice with metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinoma. In 30% of these mice, metastatic tumors were observed in the lymph nodes within 11 weeks of tumor induction. In a second mouse model, we switched the cell types expressing the various mutations to determine the effects of cell of origin on tumor progression and metastasis. Our preliminary results suggest that adenocarcinoma develops even faster when KrasG12D is expressed and Trp53 and one allele of Dicer1 are deleted in alveolar type II cells. Finally, based on an analysis of human lung cancer genomics data from TCGA, we generated a mouse model with mutations in Zfhx4 and are crossing these mice with our models that express oncogenic KrasG12D, delete expression of Trp53 and one allele of Dicer1 and truncate the second allele of Dicer1 to determine the effects of adding Zfhx4 mutations on progression and metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Through cell type specific truncation/deletion of Dicer1 we have generated new mouse models that rapidly develop pulmonary adenocarcinomas and metastatic disease. These models have potential for both understanding the basic processes of metastasis and for pre-clinical studies aimed at preventing and/or treating metastatic lung cancer. Citation Format: Julie Wells, Richard S. Maser, Teresa McGee, Wendy Memishian, Rosalinda Doty, Carol J. Bult. Developing new mouse models of metastatic lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1617.

Ophiopogon Saponin C1 Inhibits Lung Tumors by Stabilizing Endothelium Permeability via Inhibition of PKCδ.

As the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide, lung cancer is closely related to inflammation. The interaction between tumor cells and inflammatory cells promotes tumor development and metastasis. During tumor development, vascular endothelial cells form the most important barrier to prevent tumor cell migration to the blood and tissue. Increased vascular permeability provides favorable conditions for the migration of tumor cells, and endothelial tight junctions are an important component of the vascular barrier. Protein kinase C δ is involved in the occurrence of non-small cell lung cancer and regulates vascular permeability and tight junction protein expression. Src kinase was reported to play an important role in TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation. Ophiopogon Saponin C1 is a new chemical compound isolated from Liriope muscari, but its pharmacological activities have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we tested the protective effects of C1 on endothelial permeability in a model of TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation by transendothelial electrical resistance and sodium fluorescein assays and verified these results in a nude mouse model of experimental pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis. We further elucidated the mechanism of C1, which was based on the PKCδ and Src proteins, by Western blotting. C1 can inhibit lung cancer in vivo, regulate the level of plasma inflammation in tumor-bearing mice, and protect the pulmonary vascular barrier against injury induced by cancer. It was investigated the expression and distribution of the TJ index protein ZO-1 in mouse vascular endothelium and HUVECs and found that C1 could inhibit the degradation and breakage of the ZO-1 protein. Related signaling experiments confirmed that C1 can inhibit TNF-α and activation of PKCδ and Src kinase. This study laid the foundation for further analysis of new drugs with clear mechanisms and independent intellectual property rights of traditional Chinese medicines.

A Workflow for Successful Collaboration between Anatomists and Pathologists: An Example of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Metastasis to a Virchow Node

Interprofessional collaboration between anatomists and pathologists is important, yet poses unique workflow challenges. Therefore, this report details a successful workflow example of a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasizing to a Virchow node wherein anatomists and pathologists collaborated in a manner that was both streamlined and effective. Essentially, gross pathology was identified in a gross anatomy laboratory, and an anatomist forwarded a description of these findings to the director of pathology residents. Next, the director of pathology residents forwarded basic details of gross anatomical findings to pathology residents while asking for resident participation based upon professional interests. The interested residents then contacted the anatomist, who, in turn, walked the residents through the gross anatomical findings in the dissection facilities. The residents resected the pathological tissues and then provided the anatomist with a written histopathological assessment that was confirmed by a seasoned pathologist. The insights of both the anatomists and pathologists led to successful description of the case with a robustness that either party would not have been able to complete on their own. This collaborative project led to a publication containing improved descriptions of clinically important findings arising from gross anatomy laboratories, and the effectiveness of the described workflow between anatomists, pathology residents, and pathologists will increase the collaborative output of all involved parties in future research projects and variant anatomical discoveries.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Retinal Detachment Indicative of Choroidal Metastasis of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma

Retinal Detachment Indicative of Choroidal Metastasis of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma

Oral metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma: diagnosis and treatment

Introduction:Oral metastases are rare and represent 1% oro-facial neoplasms. The lung is the most common primary site for oral metastatic tumors. The diagnosis is based on histological analysis. Oral metastases have been associated with poor prognosis and is no longer a proven treatment. It was found in a 58-year old man diagnosed with lung cancer with a voluminous mandibular tumefaction following dental avulsion. The panoramic X-ray showed an area of ​​osteolysis compared to the extraction site. The histological and immunohistochemistry of the lesion showed a positivity of the marker CK7 and a negativity of TTF1, in favor of a lung origin. The biomolecular analysis revealed a mutation on the BRAF gene confirming the metastasis primitive origin. Treatment by surgical resection was performed palliatively.Comments:The diagnosis of an oral metastasis remains difficult and is based on the histological analysis and finding immune markers. Molecular biology is sometimes required for theranostics. Treatment options include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy. They are sometimes limited to preserve the quality of life. The prognosis of patients with oral metastases is very poor.Conclusion:Oral metastases are rare, and the diagnosis remains difficult.

Acute appendicitis caused by metastatic adenocarcinoma from the lung: a case report

BackgroundAppendiceal metastasis from lung cancer is rare. However, it often causes acute appendicitis that requires emergency surgery. We herein report a thought-provoking case of appendiceal metastasis from lung cancer.Case presentationA 71-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced lung cancer with multiple metastases and underwent chemotherapy. One month later, he developed acute appendicitis, and laparoscopic appendectomy was promptly performed. A swollen appendix and pus collection were observed during surgery. Histological analysis revealed an invasive adenocarcinoma in the appendix that infiltrated the mucosal, submucosal, and muscular layers. Positive immunostaining of thyroid transcription factor 1 indicated appendiceal metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, not a primary appendiceal malignancy. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient’s pulmonary internist resumed continuous chemotherapy after surgery.ConclusionsAlthough appendiceal metastasis from pulmonary adenocarcinoma is rare, it often results in acute appendicitis. Optimal therapy including emergency surgery should be performed without hesitation so that chemotherapy can be resumed as soon as possible.

Lung Adenocarcinoma with Gingival Metastasis.

Gingival metastasis of lung cancer is uncommon. We report the case of an 82-year-old male smoker admitted to the pulmonology department with right pleural effusion. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed an invasive right hilar tumour, adherent to the superior vena cava, pulmonary artery, main right bronchus, mediastinal pleura and pericardium with lymphangitic carcinomatosis of the right lung. Pleural biopsy revealed pleural metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, its primary lung origin being confirmed by immunohistochemistry. One month later, the patient developed an ulcerated polypoid gingival mass. Biopsy of this lesion showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma compatible with metastasis from the lung adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent irradiation of the gingival mass at a dose of 30 Gray, but his condition worsened rapidly and he was not fit for chemotherapy. He received palliative treatment and died 2 months after diagnosis of his metastatic lung cancer.LEARNING POINTSLung cancers mostly metastasize to the bones, liver, lymph nodes, brain, lung and adrenal glands, with adenocarcinoma being the most common histological type.Distant metastasis to the oral region is very uncommon but can be the first manifestation of a primary tumour.Oral metastasis can be mistaken for a benign lesion, so a biopsy should be taken for further analysis.

Association of the expression of leptin and leptin receptor with bone metastasis in pulmonary adenocarcinoma

Objective: To explore the association of expression of leptin and leptin receptor (LR) with bone metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods: One hundred and sixteen pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients who had complete clinicopathological data and definite pathological diagnosis in our hospital from January 2008 to January 2010 were selected. They were divided into the metastasis (n= 58) and non-metastasis (control, n=58) groups. The expressions of leptin and LR were identified by immunohistochemistry. The differences between expressions of leptin and LR in primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues and metastasis, and between the groups with and without bone metastasis were analyzed. We also analyzed the correlation of leptin and LR expressed in primary adenocarcinoma and bone metastatic tissues, and the relationship between their expression levels and bone metastasis free survival (BMFS). Results: Among 58 patients of the metastasis group, the cases of high, moderate and low expressions of leptin were 36, 15 and 7, respectively, and the cases of high, moderate and low expressions of LR were 32, 17 and 9, respectively. Among the 58 patients of control group, the cases of high, moderate and low expressions of leptin were 19, 24 and 15, respectively, and those of LR were 17, 16 and 25, respectively. The expressions of leptin and LR in primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues of metastasis group were significantly different from those of the control group (P=0.006, P=0.002, respectively). The expressions of leptin and LR in primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues of the bone metastasis group were also significantly different from those of the non-bone metastasis group (P=0.029, P=0.032, respectively). The high/moderate expression rates of leptin and LR in the bone-metastatic tissues reached 91.4% (32/35) and 88.6% (31/35), respectively. The results showed that the expressions of leptin and LR in primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues were positively related with their expressions in bone metastatic tissue (r = 0.612). The median bone metastasis free survival (BMFS) of the bone metastasis groups with high, moderate and low expressions of leptin were 14, 21 and 47 months, respectively, and the median BMFS of high, moderate and low expressions of LR in the bone metastasis group were 13, 19 and 27 months, respectively. The expressions of leptin and LR in pulmonary adenocarcinoma were significantly associated with BMFS (P<0.001, P=0.006, respectively). Conclusions: The expressions of leptin and LR are significantly up-regulated in primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues and bone metastatic tissues, and are negatively correlated with BMFS. These two molecules may be used as effective predictors of bone metastasis in pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Tumor homing to the oral cavity after tooth extraction in a patient with metastatic lung adenocancer: A case report

Abstract Angiogenesis plays a major role not only in the growth of the primary tumor, but also in metastasis. Due to the angiogenesis in granulation tissue, the tumor cells easily migrate to and locate in this region, thereby accelerating the pathological angiogenesis process and proliferation via presence of the angiogenesis-stimulating factors in this site. In this case report, we present tumor homing to granulation tissue following tooth extraction in a 68-year-old male patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. He applied to hospital due to delayed wound healing after tooth extraction for tooth decay approximately 5 months after the diagnosis. A superficially swollen mass of 6 × 6 cm was detected in the tooth extraction site. The histopathological examination suggested that it was a lung carcinoma metastasis. The presence of tooth extraction history together with the pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis in the extraction site was explained as “tumoral homing” to granulation tissue following tooth extraction. This patient is of significance since it is the first case in the literature with “tumor homing” observed in the granulation tissue following tooth extraction.

P0143 ASC amino acid transporter 2 (ASCT2) as a novel prognostic marker in non-small-cell lung cancer

Background ASC amino acid transporter-2 (ASCT2) is a major glutamine transporter that has an essential role in tumour growth and progression. Although ASCT2 is highly expressed in various cancer cells, the clinicopathological significance of its expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Methods One hundred and four patients with surgically resected NSCLC were evaluated as one institutional cohort. Tumour sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for ASCT2, Ki-67, phospho-mTOR, and CD34 to assess the microvessel density. Two hundred and four patients with NSCLC were also validated by immunohistochemistry from an independent cohort. Findings ASCT2 was expressed in 66% of patients, and was closely correlated with disease stage, lymphatic permeation, vascular invasion, CD98, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and mTOR phosphorylation, particularly in patients with adenocarcinoma. Moreover, two independent cohorts confirmed that ASCT2 was an independent marker for poor outcome in patients with adenocarcinoma. Interpretation ASCT2 expression has a crucial role in the metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, and is a potential molecular marker for predicting poor prognosis after surgery.

ASC amino-acid transporter 2 (ASCT2) as a novel prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer

Background:ASC amino-acid transporter 2 (ASCT2) is a major glutamine transporter that has an essential role in tumour growth and progression. Although ASCT2 is highly expressed in various cancer cells, the clinicopathological significance of its expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear.Methods:One hundred and four patients with surgically resected NSCLC were evaluated as one institutional cohort. Tumour sections were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ASCT2, Ki-67, phospho-mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), and CD34 to assess the microvessel density. Two hundred and four patients with NSCLC were also validated by IHC from an independent cohort.Results:ASC amino-acid transporter 2 was expressed in 66% of patients, and was closely correlated with disease stage, lymphatic permeation, vascular invasion, CD98, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and mTOR phosphorylation, particularly in patients with adenocarcinoma (AC). Moreover, two independent cohorts confirmed that ASCT2 was an independent marker for poor outcome in AC patients.Conclusions:ASC amino-acid transporter 2 expression has a crucial role in the metastasis of pulmonary AC, and is a potential molecular marker for predicting poor prognosis after surgery.

Pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis to a dorsal root ganglion: a case report and review of the literature

IntroductionThe dorsal root ganglion is a rare manifestation of metastatic spread. We report what we believe to be the first case of metastasis of a pulmonary adenocarcinoma to the lumbar dorsal root ganglion. Only four descriptions for different primary tumors spreading to the dorsal root ganglion have been described in the literature so far.Case presentationA 70-year-old Caucasian woman with a four-month history of left-sided lumbar radiculopathy was admitted to our department under the assumption of a herniated lumbar disc. Her past medical history included a pulmonary adenocarcinoma and invasive ductal breast cancer.Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space-occupying mass in her left neuroforamen L3-L4 with compression of her L3 nerve root. Neurinoma was taken into account as a differential diagnosis, although not considered typical. Surgery revealed a metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma to her dorsal root ganglion.ConclusionsDorsal root ganglion metastases seem to be extremely rare and can mimic primary local nerve sheath tumors. Therefore, they usually present as incidental findings. Resection should be performed strictly under intraoperative monitoring as tumor spread between the nerve fibers is commonly observed. Metastases should be taken into account in spinal nerve tumors involving the dorsal root ganglion, especially in patients harboring known malignant diseases. The low incidence means that no clear treatment advice can be given. Resection is possible under intraoperative monitoring and relieves neurological symptoms.

Choroidal Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer That Responded to Gefitinib

A 52-year-old Japanese woman presented with optical symptoms, including left-sided myodesopsia, blurred vision, narrowed visual field, and diminished visual acuity. Ocular evaluation revealed a metastatic tumor in the choroid. Further examinations identified pulmonary adenocarcinoma as the primary tumor. Because an epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) mutation was detected in a biopsy specimen, gefitinib treatment was initiated. Dramatic responses were obtained in the primary tumor and metastatic foci. Optical symptoms improved and remained stable for 5 months during the treatment, until relapse. This report demonstrates that gefitinib is effective for choroidal metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR mutation.

Isolated lesser trochanter fracture in adults: An early indicator of tumor infiltration

We report on a case of isolated lesser trochanter fracture, without associated trauma, secondary to pulmonary adenocarcinoma metastasis. Treatment consisted in resection-reconstruction by megaprosthesis. This form of isolated fracture is rare, and results from infiltration of the trochanteric area by a malignant tumoral process, which is usually metastatic.

The pinhole SPECT for animal model of bone metastasis with SPC-A-1BM human pulmonary adenocarcinoma bone metastasis cell line

The study was to investigate the role of pinhole single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), the human pulmonary adenocarcinoma bone-seeking metastasis cell line SPC-A-1BM was used. These cells form typical osteolytic bone metastases when inoculated into the arterial circulation of NIH-Beige-Nude-XD (BNX) mice via the left ventricle. In order to evaluate the irradiation impact of 99m Tc-MDP versus X-ray on cells growth, we used six groups of SPC-A-1BM cells in our imaging scheme and irradiated by various doses of 99mTc-MDP (37, 74, 111, 370, 740 MBq) and X-ray(40 kV. 2 mA, 6 s) respectively. The cell's number of each group was well recorded in different exposure time (4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours). After that, SPC-A-1BM cells (1×106) were inoculated into the mice via left ventricle. We compared the results obtained with those different doses of 99mTc-MDP using pinhole SPECT and conventional X-ray skeletal surveys. The data show that the cell-survival number of 111 MBq group has insignificant difference with that of X-ray and the dose is adequate to have an ideal image. Besides, it is important that the chromosome of the cells in the group of 111 MBq showed no irradiation-related damages in our test. These results implied that 99mTc-MDP pinhole SPECT may provide another way other than conventional X-ray skeletal surveys in detecting bone metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in BNX mice.

Mandibular metastasis in a patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma

Metastatic tumour spread to the mandible is quite rare. We report a case of distant metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in the mandibular bone. The patient had pain in his left mandibular premolar-molar area caused by a mandibular metastasis from a previously undiagnosed pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Associated with SAPHO Syndrome Difficult to Differentiate from Multiple Bone Metastasis

The patient was a 57-year-old man with a chief complaint of anterior chest pain who was diagnosed with clinical stage IV (c-T2N2M1) non-small-cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma). Tenderness in the sternoclavicular joint, acne, periodontitis, and palmoplantar pustulosis were evident, and SAPHO syndrome was diagnosed. SAPHO syndrome is a rare disorder that results in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteomyelitis. Bone scintigraphy showed tracer accumulation in the costal cartilage, sternoclavicular joint, and cervical vertebrae 6-7. Although the bone lesions of SAPHO syndrome were difficult to differentiate from bone metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, metastatic bone tumors were ruled out by magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. There have been no previously reported cases of lung cancer with comorbid SAPHO syndrome. We report such a case and discuss the relevant literature, particularly that concerned with the evaluation of bone lesions.

Thyroid Metastasis of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma

Thyroid Metastasis of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma