Piece Of Metal Research Articles

Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma Caused by an Injury with a Metallic Piece of a Mowing Machine Containing Tungsten.

Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma Caused by an Injury with a Metallic Piece of a Mowing Machine Containing Tungsten.

A Literature Review on Fabrication of Portable Spot Welding Machine

Abstract: Welding is a process of joining similar metals by the application of heat. Welding can be done with or without the application of pressure. While welding, the edges of metal pieces are either melted or brought to plastic condition. Welding can be done with the addition of filler materials or without it welding is used for making permanent joints. It is used in the manufacture of automobile bodies, aircraft frames, railways wagons, machine frames, structural work, tanks, furniture, boilers, general repair work and ship building. At most in all metal working industries welding is used. In this project we are making portable spot welding machine , which will be easy carry and will be used in many filed.

Glass recovery and production of manufactured aggregate from MSWI bottom ashes from fluidized bed and grate incineration by means of enhanced treatment

Enhanced treatment of incineration bottom ashes (IBA) from municipal solid waste incineration can contribute to a circular economy since not only metals can be recovered but also glass for recycling. Moreover, the remaining mineral fraction can be utilized in concrete as manufactured aggregate. To evaluate the effects of an enhanced treatment, three IBAs from fluidized bed combustion (FB-IBAs) and three grate incineration bottom ashes (G-IBAs) were standardly treated in a jig and further processed on a pilot scale, including improved metal recovery and sensor-based glass separation. The removed glass fractions were weighed and their composition was assessed by means of manual sorting. The manufactured aggregate was also sorted manually and its total and leachate contents were determined before and after aging. Results showed general differences between FB-IBAs and G-IBAs. For G-IBAs, higher contents of heavy metals and residual metal pieces were determined, while the share of glass removed was low compared to FB-IBA. The treated mineral fractions from G-IBA contained more mineral agglomerates, whereas FB-IBAs contained more glass. However, the glass-fractions removed from FB-IBAs need further treatment to be accepted in glass recycling. Austrian limit values for utilization in concrete were met by all manufactured aggregates produced from FB-IBA, but only by one from G-IBA. Overall, the enhanced treatment in the study performed well compared to the literature. Nevertheless, further investigations are necessary to improve the recyclability of the recovered glass fractions and to determine the technical suitability of manufactured aggregates produced from IBAs.

Artifacts from the Perspective of Effutu Masquerade Performance: An Aesthetic Album

Artifacts from the Perspective of Effutu Masquerade Performance: An Aesthetic Album

Identification of Type of Metals by Using Heat Transfer Rate

Abstract: Metals are advances in manufacturing processes which is the industrial revolution. It is very important to accurately identify types of metal when working with metal materials, and this is particularly important in maintenance welding. Metals with higher carbon content are sensitive to hot-cracking and hardening, which can result in poor ductility for welding projects. If it want to be simply identify a piece of scrap metal, it can be done by evaluating its colour, weight and composition. The common ways to identify metal is surface appearance, spark test, chip test, magnet test, hardness test. Project is to identifying metals based on their heat rate from one end to another end through a instrument automatically. This is because of electron arrangement in them.

異種二相間の内部電位差への挑戦（その1） 序論：なぜ測れないのか

Again, the consideration of the electrical potential in the electrolyte, and especially the consideration of the difference of potential in electrolyte and electrode, involves the consideration of quantities of which we have no apparent means of physical measurement, while the difference of potential in “pieces of metal of the same kind attached to the electrodes” is exactly one of the things we can and do measure.

Stability of the critical distance method for fretting cracking prediction: influence of microstructure and crack nucleation size

To provide lifetime predictions of metal pieces under fretting-fatigue loading, the crack initiation process has to be understood. However, there is no consensus in the literature over the crack nucleation length. The objective of this study is to understand the link between fretting crack nucleation and microstructure to resolve this question of the critical crack nucleation size. For this purpose, cylinder/plane fretting tests were performed to plot the evolution of the crack length as a function of tangential load amplitude. Finally, a link between the critical distance, evaluated by inverse method, and the grain size is established for different crack nucleation lengths. The investigation suggests that the critical distance evolution depends on the considered defect size.

Jelly Potentiometry, Do It Yourself

Understanding potentiometry is a difficult task when students in initial courses of Analytical Chemistry are first introduced to instrumental techniques. The closest instrument to them is a pH meter, which is frequently used as a “black box”, without a real understanding of how it works. Here we present the assembly of jelly modules that the students can combine in different ways with the purpose of visualizing what reference and indicator electrodes are and their function when they are used in potentiometric measurements with quantitative purposes. This didactic sequence was used during six semesters in a first course of Analytical Chemistry dictated for students becoming laboratory technicians in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. It is a hands-on experiment to exemplify both a direct potentiometric analysis and a potentiometric titration (indirect analysis). It is simple, low-cost, and easy to apply. It only requires gelatin, salts, pieces of metal, and a multimeter. The students showed interest in its execution, and they were able to identify the functions of the electrodes, discuss the different analytical implications of potentiometric techniques among themselves, and make the requested graphics with very good results.

Mechanism for segregation of cutting fluid and scrap for industrial application

Nowadays, metal removal or machining processes on metallic work pieces are frequently seen to obtain the appropriate surface roughness and dimensional precision. Turning, milling, facing, boring, and other processes could be used. Cutting fluids are designed to help in the material removal process because they have anti-rust qualities to stop the work piece from rusting and because they stop the work tool from overheating in machines like milling, drilling, and lathes, among others. To save operating costs, it is planned that both the material removed during this machining process and the cutting fluid will then be reused. In this article, a segregation method is thus suggested. If the scrap is allowed to flow without separation, it shortens the lifespan of the supporting mechanical equipment since it interferes with the functionality of those parts. Magnetic separation, centrifugal separation, and conveyor belts are the most popular existing technologies used today to separate scrap and fluid, although they are expensive to operate. A mechanism with high efficiency and low cost is thus suggested.

The conjunction fallacy in rats

Humans and other animals are capable of reasoning. However, there are overwhelming examples of errors or anomalies in reasoning. In two experiments, we studied if rats, like humans, estimate the conjunction of two events as more likely than each event independently, a phenomenon that has been called conjunction fallacy. In both experiments, rats learned through food reinforcement to press a lever under some cue conditions but not others. Sound B was rewarded whereas Sound A was not. However, when B was presented with the visual cue Y was not rewarded, whereas AX was rewarded (i.e., A-, AX+, B+, BY-). Both visual cues were presented in the same bulb. After training, rats received test sessions in which A and B were presented with the bulb explicitly off or occluded by a metal piece. Thus, on the occluded condition, it was ambiguous whether the trials were of the elements alone (A or B) or of the compounds (AX or BY). Rats responded on the occluded condition as if the compound cues were most likely present. The second experiment investigated if this error in probability estimation in Experiment 1, could be due to a conjunction fallacy, and if this could be attenuated by increasing the ratio of element/compound trials from the original 50-50 to 70-30 and 90-10. Only the 90-10 condition (where 90% of the training trials were of just A or just B) did not show a conjunction fallacy, though it emerged in all groups with additional training. These findings open new avenues for exploring the mechanisms behind the conjunction fallacy effect.

A Bioinspired Polymer‐Based Composite Displaying Both Strong Adhesion and Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity

AbstractThe integration and functionality of high‐power electronic architectures or devices require a high strength and good heat flow at the interface. However, simultaneously improving the interfacial bonding and phonon transport of polymers is challenging because of the tradeoff between the cross‐linked flexible chains and high‐quality crystalline structure. Here, a copolymer, poly(dopamine methacrylate‐co‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate [P(DMA‐HEMA)] is designed and synthesized, inspired by the snail and mussel adhesion. The copolymer achievs a high surface adhesion up to 6.38 MPa owing to the synergistic effects of hydrogen bonds and mechanical interlocking. When the copolymer is introduced into vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs), the catechol groups in P(DMA‐HEMA) formed strong bonding with the nanotubes through π‐π interactions at the interface. As a result, the P(DMA‐HEMA)/VACNTs composite shows a high through‐plane thermal conductivity (21.46 W m−1 K−1), an in‐plane thermal conductivity that is 3.5 times higher than that of pristine VACNTs, and an extremely low thermal contact resistance (20.27 K mm2 W−1). Furthermore, the composite forms weld‐free high‐strength connections between two pieces of various metals to bridge directional thermal pathways. It also exhibits excellent interfacial heat transfer capability and high reliability even under zero‐pressure conditions.

Repercussion of Open Dumping Ground in the Vicinity at Mantarwadi, Pune

Urbanization is taking place at a very fast pace in India. The migration of people from villages to cities is putting a tremendous pressure on the infrastructure in all the major cities. Due to the lack of expertise, the Municipal Authorities continued to dispose of the MSW by dumping it in open areas. The fires and other constant problems at dumping ground along with ground water contamination due to leachate causes a lot of opposition from Nongovernment Organizations (NGOs). Municipal solid waste (MSW) is diverse in nature and includes biodegradable materials as well as paper, plastic, rags, metal, glass, and pieces of metal. Aside from these additional components, MSW also includes scrap materials, waste papers, dead animals, abandoned chemicals, paints, toxic hospital waste, and agricultural leftovers. The biological waste produced by clinics, hospitals, nursing homes, pathological laboratories, blood banks, and veterinary centres has until to this point also been dumped at the dumpsite with MSW. Solid waste is a waste type that includes predominantly household waste which sometimes includes the addition of commercial waste collected in a given area. Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) is responsible for collection, storage, segregation, transportation and disposal of all solid waste generated in the city. In the present research work describes an attempt to assess the different parameters on the leachate collected from the Mantarwadi dumping site, Pune. Leachate from landfills has the potential to contaminate both surface and ground water if left unchecked. Within a single location, the leachate’s composition varies substantially. The age of the landfill, the types of trash, the degree of decomposition that has occurred, and the physical alteration of the garbage are some of the variables that determine composition. Once groundwater is contaminated, it is uneconomical to retrieve the same. The waste from Pune City is disposed of by the Pune Municipal Corporation at Mantarwadi (Urali devachi depot), which is located 20 km away from Pune City. At Mantarwadi, over 1200–1300 metric tonnes of solid trash from the Pune municipal area are disposed off each day.

Analysis of the Bacterial Community of Metal Scrap Using an Enrichment Culture Approach

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of metal alloys is promoted by biofilms formed on metal surfaces. In the marine environment, MIC causes serious metal infrastructure problems, which lead to significant economic losses. In this study, we used an enrichment culture approach to examine the bacterial community that grows on metal surface at levels below the detection limit as a preliminary study for developing guidelines to prevent biofilm formation. An enrichment culture approach was employed to analyze the bacterial community on metal surface without biofilms and corrosion. Genomic DNA was extracted from culture sample after incubation in the enrichment culture with a metal piece, and then the V3–V4 variable regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were amplified using the extracted genomic DNA as the template. Subsequently, using a next-generation sequencing approach, the amplified V3–V4 regions were sequenced, and the bacterial community was analyzed using the QIIME 2 microbiome bioinformatics platform. Using this enrichment culture approach, more than 80 bacterial genera were detected with Sphingomonas bacteria exhibiting the highest relative abundance (44%). These results demonstrated that this method could be useful for bacterial community analysis for bacteria below detection limits, and will serve as a basis for the development of the guidelines.

The Effect Of Welding Current And Electrodes On The Results Of AISI 1045 Steel Welding Strength By Impact Testing

Welding is an activity of joining two or more metals by heating them until they melt, in which the melted or melted workpieces will unite with the help of additional materials to form a connection or a whole piece of metal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of welding current, type of electrode and pattern of electrode movement on the strength of the welds against the impact test in order to produce optimal welding strength. The method used in this study is the Taguchi Method. This study used a SMAW welding machine with a 1G welding position. The material used in this research is AISI 1045 steel. The experimental design uses L4 (23) which has been designed by Orthoghonal Array. Next, the welding process and impact test are carried out. The results of the Impact Test were then analyzed using ANOVA. The results of this study are that the highest percentage yield value for the strength of the weld results is found in the type of electrode with a percentage of 21% and the lowest percentage value for the strength of the weld results is in the movement pattern of the electrode with a percentage of 10%.

Impact of additive manufacturing on titanium supply chain: Case of titanium alloys in automotive and aerospace industries

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technology for designing complex metallic pieces for different sectors with resource and time effectiveness. Titanium (Ti) is an essential critical material for AM development. AM can produce intricate and cost-effective components with Ti alloys for the transportation sector which would not be possible with conventional manufacturing (CM) technologies. This study assesses the impact of AM on the life cycle of Ti and its alloys by using review (numerical data, case examples) and dynamics simulation modelling. This article quantifies potential environmental benefits and examines aspects related to using Ti alloys in the automotive and aerospace industries. Mass flow, energy consumption and related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are assessed by making a comparison between subcategories of AM including binder jetting (BJT), directed energy deposition (DED), electron beam-based powder bed fusion (EB-PBF), and laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and CM processes including forging, milling, machining, and die casting. The results show that the AM subcategories considered potentially reduce manufacturing phase energy consumption and GHG emissions except for L-PBF. The findings highlight that an inclusive consideration of all life cycle phases is needed to fully identify potential benefits of AM for industries. Also, the scenario analysis in this study proposes the opportunity for saving mass and minimizing energy consumption and GHG emissions by optimizing the structural design and manufacturing processes for Ti components.

Parting Thoughts of a Printmaker


 
 
 Two years ago I was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. From the day I learned that the disease had relapsed, I have spent nearly every free moment in the studio reworking, preserving, and documenting the etching plates I’ve made in my lifetime. But what to do with all of it, those 800 pieces of metal and 5,000 pieces of paper? I’ve heard stories of artists’ entire life’s work being thrown in dumpsters, and others who, with vast means and vainglorious egos, founded museums devoted to their own achievements. How should I resolve my archive, when the end is in sight?
 
 

Review on Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Mechanical Properties of Metals

Abstract: It is known that there are several types of metals present in real world in which we are supposed to choose the metal according to our need. Also, they possess several types of mechanical properties and according to these properties we can further proceed. In this work we use machine learning for calculating the mechanical properties. Also, in this work we use to increase the hardness of the steel. We need a metal piece and try to find the mechanical properties using machine learning algorithm. This metal piece is required to cut into many pieces of different grades and then find out the microstructures of those different grades of metals. For this work we require a microscope by which we find out the images of the microstructures and then apply the machine learning algorithm.

Foreign Body Impaction in the Buccal Mucosa of a Child – A Case Report

Foreign bodies may be traumatically or iatrogenically embedded in the oral cavity. Traumatic impaction of foreign bodies intraorally in children is common, as they are playful and are unaware of the consequences. A case of traumatic penetration of glass shards in the cheek of a 10-year-old female child which is present for three years, and its management is discussed here and the importance of detailed case history, clinical and radiographic examinations in arriving at the diagnosis and planning the treatment are presented in this article.
 Foreign bodies are objects that are not native to the human body, and they may be ingested, inserted into a body cavity, or deposited into the body by traumatic or iatrogenic injury.[1] Traumatic foreign body impaction in oral cavity is mostly due to assaults and motor vehicle accidents[2] or sometimes may be due to blast injury. Foreign bodies generally in oral cavity may be broken instruments, restorative materials, needles etc., or may range from fish bones, coins, stapler pins, small toys, metal pieces which may be quite common in younger age groups.[3]
 The foreign bodies once impacted get localized and ensue fibrosis and host response depending on the type of the material impacted. They may cause swelling, abscess formation, septicaemia, or lead to severe haemorrhage; may also undergo distant embolization.[1]
 Here we report a case of traumatic penetration of glass shards into the buccal mucosa of a female child due to a blast injury which was there for three years without any major complaints.

METALLOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF IRAN'S IRON AGE: CASE STUDY BRONZE PIECES FROM JEYRĀN TEPE, OZBAKI

This study is a report of the results of metallographic study of 5 bronze pieces found in Jeyrān Tepe dating back to the Iron Age II. Jeyrān Tepe is located 250 m southwest of Ozbaki as one of its hills. The obtained metal pieces included bracelets, necklaces and hairpins, which were used for decoration. The objective of this article was to identify the process of bronze production and study the structure and composition of the components of metal pieces, Iron Age in Jeyrān Tepe, based on laboratory studies that have addressed questions in the field of elemental compositions and the method of bronze production in the study area. For this purpose, five bronze pieces were studied using vegetative electron microscope with scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis, metallographic studies at 200 × magnification and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) to identify the chemical composition, metal production technique and type of alloy. The results of XSEM-EDS on the metal background of the samples showed that the constituent elements of these metals are oxygen, copper, tin, silicon, chlorine, sulfur, aluminum, magnesium and carbon. The main reported elements are copper and tin, so metals are made of pure copper and copper-tin alloys. The different amount of tin in bronze pieces of Jeyrān Tepe could be due to uncontrolled extraction and alloying methods.

Assessment of Turning process using the WSM Method

Metal turning is a form of machining. It is used to create circular areas by cutting objects. The turning process requires a machine or lathe, a working tool, a fixture, and a cutting tool. A preformed piece of metal is secured to a device. A common process for turning a part includes rotating it while moving a single-point cutting tool parallel to the axis of rotation. This cutting tool works on both the outer and inner surfaces of the part. Factors such as cutting speed, cutting tool, depth of cut, and work-piece are considered in the turning process. In the assessment, the options are Cu, Si, Mn, Mg, and Zn. The results show that Zn ranks first, while Si has the lowest rank. The dataset's value for the Range of Turning process in the WSM (Weighted Sum Model) Method indicates that zinc (Zn) achieves the top ranking.