Non-diabetic Metabolic Syndrome Research Articles

Metformin improves skeletal muscle microvascular insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome.

Microvascular insulin resistance is present in metabolic syndrome and may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk and the impaired metabolic response to insulin observed. Metformin improves metabolic insulin resistance in humans. Its effects on macro and microvascular insulin resistance have not been defined. Eleven subjects with nondiabetic metabolic syndrome were studied four times (before and after 12 wk of treatment with placebo or metformin) using a crossover design, with an 8-wk washout interval between treatments. On each occasion, we measured three indices of large artery function [pulse wave velocity (PWV), radial pulse wave separation analysis (PWSA), brachial artery endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation-FMD)] as well as muscle microvascular perfusion [contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEU)] before and at 120 min into a 150 min, 1 mU/min/kg euglycemic insulin clamp. Metformin decreased body mass index (BMI), fat weight, and % body fat (P < 0.05, each), however, placebo had no effect. Metformin (not placebo) improved metabolic insulin sensitivity, (clamp glucose infusion rate, P < 0.01), PWV, and FMD after insulin were unaffected by metformin treatment. PWSA improved with insulin only after metformin P < 0.01). Insulin decreased muscle microvascular blood volume measured by contrast ultrasound both before and after placebo and before metformin (P < 0.02 for each) but not after metformin. Short-term metformin treatment improves both metabolic and muscle microvascular response to insulin. Metformin's effect on microvascular insulin responsiveness may contribute to its beneficial metabolic effects. Metformin did not improve aortic stiffness or brachial artery endothelial function, but enhanced radial pulse wave properties consistent with relaxation of smaller arterioles.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Metformin, a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, is often used in patients with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Here, we provide the first evidence for metformin improving muscle microvascular insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant humans. Simultaneously, metformin improved muscle glucose disposal, supporting a close relationship between insulin's microvascular and its metabolic actions in muscle. Whether enhanced microvascular insulin sensitivity contributes to metformin's ability to decrease microvascular complications in diabetes remains to be resolved.

Glycated LDL-C and glycated HDL-C in association with adiposity, blood and atherogenicity indices in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes.

The aim of the study was to compare and correlate glycated high-density lipoprotein (GHDL-C) and glycated low-density lipoprotein (GLDL-C) plasma levels with adiposity indices [weight/hip ratio (WHR) and body adiposity index (BAI)], lipid ratios and hematological indices [platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR)]. This was a cross-sectional study of 30 nondiabetic metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients, 30 prediabetic or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 30 normoglycemic controls. Remarkably both GHDL-C and GLDL-C levels lacked any intergroup statistically significant discrepancy in either MetS or MetS-pre/T2DM versus control (p > 0.05). Unlike GLDL-C/LDL-C ratios for either MetS groups; there were highly significant intergroup differences in the means of GHDL-C/HDL-C ratios when comparing both nondiabetic MetS and MetS-pre/T2DM groups versus controls (p = 0.001). In MetS patients; GHDL-C and GLDL-C proportionally correlated with WHR (p < 0.05). Also, MetS GHDL-C correlated inversely with MLR and monocytes (p < 0.05). In MetS-pre/T2DM; GLDL-C directly correlated with BAI, platelet count and PLR (p < 0.05). GLDL-C and GHDL-C are dysfunctional glucolipotoxicity lipoproteins and may present putatively surrogate biomarkers for prediction/prevention of metabolic disturbances.

Correlates of ghrelin and visfatin in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes

Ghrelin is deregulated in obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) while visfatin features a role in glucose uptake regulation, inflammation and IR. This study aimed to conduct comparisons and correlations of ghrelin and visfatin plasma levels in nondiabetic metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS-prediabetic/type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In a cross-sectional study of 30 normoglycemic lean subjects (control), 31 MetS subjects, and 30 MetS-prediabetic/T2DM, plasma ghrelin and visfatin were measured by colorimetric-enzymatic assays. The comparison of both biomarkers between study groups and the correlation between them as well as with participants’ adiposity, hematologic, and atherogenicity indices were conducted. Ghrelin levels (pg/mL) lacked any statistically significant difference between each of nondiabetic MetS (618.10 ± 93.22, p = 0.103) or MetS-pre/T2DM (498.17 ± 103.21, p = 0.454) vs. the normoglycemic lean control (369.38 ± 111.76). Visfatin level (ng/mL) in MetS patients with pre/T2DM (19.24 ± 2.05, p = 0.003) or without pre/T2DM (18.43 ± 1.83, p = 0.002) was significantly higher as compared to healthy controls’ (8.62 ± 2.23). There was a direct ghrelin-visfatin correlation in the whole study population as well as in both MetS and MetS-pre/T2DM arms (p < 0.001). In nondiabetic MetS patients, ghrelin and visfatin proportionally correlated with waist/hip ratio (WHR; p = 0.032 vs. p = 0.008, respectively) while ghrelin correlated directly with BMI (p = 0.034). In MetS-pre/T2DM, visfatin correlated directly with body adiposity index (p = 0.039) but inversely with WHR (p = 0.011), while ghrelin and visfatin directly correlated with mean platelet volume (p = 0.025 vs. p = 0.030, respectively) and ghrelin proportionally correlated with platelet/lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.034). In effect, ghrelin and visfatin molecular interplays with adiposity and blood indices in the MetS derangements may present potential pharmacotherapeutic targets in metabolism and prediabetes anomalies.

Which factor is the most effective one in metabolic Sydrome on the outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery? A cohort study of 5\xa0Years

BackgroundMetabolic Syndrome and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of Metabolic Syndrome with or without diabetes on perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft remain unclear.MethodsAn retrospective study was performed on 1166 patients who received isolated primary Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Fuwai hospital. They were divided into three groups: control, Metabolic Syndrome of three factors together with diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome of three factors without diabetes (n = 868, 76 and 222 respectively). Analysis of variance, Chi-rank test, Fisher’s exact test, Log-rank test, Cox and Logistic regression models were used for data processing. Outcomes were postoperative and 5-year survival and morbidities.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups in in-hospital postoperative complications, epinephrine use, stroke, atrial fibrillation, renal failure, coma, myocardial infarction and repeated revascularization. Patients in the Metabolic Syndrome with diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome without diabetes and control groups, respectively, showed significant difference in perioperative Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events (30.3% vs. 21.2%, 16.7%, P = 0.0071) and mortality (11.8% vs. 2.7%, 3.11%, P = 0.0003). The Metabolic Syndrome with diabetes group had higher rates of perioperative mortality than Metabolic Syndrome without diabetes (P = 0.0017, P of Fisher Test = 0.0039). Compared with non-diabetic patients with Metabolic Syndrome, those with Metabolic Syndrome and diabetes had increased long-term mortality (Adjusted HR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.4–13.3; P = 0.0113) and Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events (Adjusted OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0–2.8; P = 0.048). Control and non-diabetic Metabolic Syndrome groups did not differ in long-term mortality but controls had lower rates of Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events (Adjusted OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.98; P = 0.0329).ConclusionsThere were significance differences between the three groups in perioperative Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events and mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. Compared with non-diabetic Metabolic Syndrome patients, patients with Metabolic Syndrome and diabetes had higher long-term Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events and mortality. While patients free of MetS and diabetes were associated with lower incidence of long-term Major Adverse Cerebral Cardiovascular Events after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft.

Biorhizome: A Biosynthetic Platform for Colchicine Biomanufacturing.

Colchicine is one of the oldest plant-based medicines used to treat gout and one of the most important alkaloid-based antimitotic drugs with anticancer potential, which is commercially extracted from Gloriosa superba. Clinical trials suggest that colchicine medication could prevent atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardiac surgery. In addition, therapeutic colchicine is undergoing clinical trials to treat non-diabetic metabolic syndrome and diabetic nephropathy. However, the industrial-scale biomanufacturing of colchicine have not yet been established. Clearly, further studies on detailed biorhizome-specific transcriptome analysis, gene expression, and candidate gene validation are required before uncover the mechanism of colchicine biosynthesis and biorhizome-based colchicine biomanufacturing. Annotation of 32312 assembled multiple-tissues transcripts of G. superba represented 15088 unigenes in known plant specific gene ontology. This could help understanding colchicine biosynthesis in G. superba. This review highlights the biorhizomes, rhizome specific genes or gene what expressed with high level in rhizomes, and deep fluid dynamics in a bioreactor specifically for the biomanufacture of colchicine.

Serum prolidase activity is associated with non-diabetic metabolic syndrome.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the role of serum prolidase activity and the possible association with oxidative stress parameters in non-diabetic metabolic syndrome.Methods30 obese patients without metabolic syndrome (MetS), 34 non-diabetic obese patients with MetS, and 23 volunteer control subjects were enrolled in the study. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), plasma glucose following 75 g glucose administration, high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C), high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and prolidase activities of all subjects were analyzed.ResultsProlidase levels was significantly higher in MetS group compared to both obese and control groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively). Prolidase was also higher in the obese group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Prolidase was negatively correlated with TAS and HDL-C (r = −0,362, p < 0.001; r = −0.320, p < 0.01, respectively) and positively correlated with BMI, weight, waist-c, SBP, DBP, TG, TC, LDL-C.ConclusionProlidase activity may have a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome.

A Possible Role for Pioglitazone in the Management of Depressive Symptoms in Metabolic Syndrome Patients (EPICAMP Study): A Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial.

The present trial aimed to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on the mental status of nondiabetic metabolic syndrome patients. From 145 patients screened, 104 eligible volunteers (57% female; age 20–70 years) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either pioglitazone (uptitrated to 30 mg/day; P = 53) or matching placebo (P = 51) for 24 weeks. Depression and anxiety were quantified using the hospital anxiety and depression scale and stress level using the general health questionnaire 12 at baseline, week 12, and endpoint. Homeostasis model assessment was used to estimate insulin resistance. At week 24, pioglitazone was superior in mitigating depression score (P = 0.011). In trend analysis, the effect of time (P < 0.001) and group (P = 0.023) as well as the time by group interaction (P = 0.032) on the mean depression score was considerable. In contrast, significant decrements in anxiety and stress levels (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012, resp.) were comparable between two groups. With respect to our findings, alterations in depression severity were not correlated with changes in insulin resistance level (P = 0.145). In conclusion, our findings suggest that pioglitazone might be able to improve mood in nondiabetic insulin resistant patients. (Registered at Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ACTRN12611000351910.)

Differential circadian pattern of water and Na excretion rates in the metabolic syndrome

This study comparatively investigated the chronobiology of water and Na excretion rates (W-ExcR and Na-ExcR) in 46 non-diabetic metabolic syndrome (MS) patients. The circadian pattern of W-ExcR was independently associated with the nocturnal dipping of systolic blood pressure (β = −3.1). During oral glucose tolerance test, the rise in plasma insulin (β = 34.0) and the insulinogenic index (β = 4.1) were independently associated with the day/night ratio of W-ExcR. The circadian pattern of Na-ExcR was not significantly associated with the latter variables. This study strongly suggests that the chronobiology of mechanisms involved in the regulation of water excretion may be more specifically altered in the MS.

Study of the correlations among some parameters of the oxidative status, gelatinases, and their inhibitors in a group of subjects with metabolic syndrome.

Our aim was to examine some parameters of oxidative status, gelatinases, and their inhibitors and to evaluate their interrelationships in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). We enrolled 65 MS subjects, subdivided according to the presence or not of diabetes mellitus. We examined lipid peroxidation (expressed as thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, TBARS), protein oxidation (expressed as carbonyl groups), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), total antioxidant status (TAS), MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2. We found that MS subjects, diabetics and nondiabetics, showed an increase in TBARS, PC, and NOx. A significant decrease in TAS was observed only in nondiabetic MS subjects in comparison with diabetic MS subjects. We observed increased concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, higher in diabetic subjects. Our data showed a positive correlation between TAS and MMP-2, TAS and MMP-9, and TAS and MMP-9/TIMP-1 and a negative correlation between TBARS and MMP-2 in diabetic MS subjects in the entire group. In MS subjects a prooxidant status and increased levels of gelatinases and their inhibitors are evident although the correlations between oxidative stress and MMPs or TIMPs are controversial and need further investigation.

Effects of Pioglitazone on Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nondiabetic Patients (EPICAMP Study): A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

The present trial aimed to investigate the effects of pioglitazone on the serum level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a marker of endothelial function, and some indices of inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism in nondiabetic metabolic syndrome patients. 104 eligible participants (57% female; age between 20 and 70) were enrolled in a double-blind placebo-controlled trial and were randomized to receive either pioglitazone (uptitrated to 30 mg/day) or matching placebo for 24 weeks. Participants were clinically examined and a blood sample was obtained at baseline and at the end of the trial. Pioglitazone significantly improved C-reactive protein level irrespective of changes in insulin sensitivity. Compared with the placebo group, alanine and aspartate transaminases were decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased after treatment with pioglitazone. A considerably greater weight gain was also recorded in the intervention group. We failed to observe any significant changes in serum ADMA in either group and between groups with and without adjustment for age, sex, and components of the metabolic syndrome. In a nutshell, pioglitazone seems to have positive effects on lipid profile, liver transaminases, and systemic inflammation. However, its previously demonstrated endothelial function-improving properties do not seem to be mediated by ADMA.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver and metabolic syndrome in Italy: results from a multicentric study of the Italian Arteriosclerosis society

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with all the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and might to be considered an additional component of MS itself. The Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis (SISA) in 2005 started a research project aimed to study the NAFLD, using ultrasound (US), in nondiabetic MS subjects matching at least one of the ATP III criteria for HDL-C or triglycerides [TG]. Prevalence of US-NAFLD and its associated risk factors and prevalence of hypertransaminasemia and its possible determinants were evaluated. NAFLD prevalence was 0.78. Men with steatosis compared to men without steatosis were younger (P<0.05) with higher TG (P<0.03), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-R) (P<0.003), and visceral fat thickness (VFT) (P<0.0001). Women with steatosis showed higher TG (P<0.05), HOMA-R (P<0.04), VFT (P<0.0001), and lower age (P<0.05). At multivariate analyses, VFT (P<0.0001), HOMA-R (P<0.02), and TG/HDL (P<0.05) were associated with severity of NAFLD. Age (P<0.05), LogTG (P<0.005), and VFT (P<0.01) were associated with higher ALT. The US prevalence of steatosis in this study (0.78) is the highest reported in patients with MS. Considering the exclusion of severe obese and diabetic patients and the recruitment criteria, this finding highlights the prominent role played by the alterations of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.

Plasma deoxysphingolipids: a novel class of biomarkers for the metabolic syndrome?

Sphingolipid synthesis is typically initiated by the conjugation of L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA, a reaction catalysed by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). SPT can also metabolise other acyl-CoAs (C(12) to C(18)) and other amino acids such as L-alanine and glycine, giving rise to a spectrum of atypical sphingolipids. Here, we aimed to identify changes in plasma levels of these atypical sphingolipids to explore their potential as biomarkers in the metabolic syndrome and diabetes. We compared the plasma profiles of ten sphingoid bases in healthy individuals with those of patients with the metabolic syndrome but not diabetes, and diabetic patients (n = 25 per group). The results were verified in a streptozotocin (STZ) rat model. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used. Deoxysphingolipids (dSLs) were significantly elevated (p = 5 × 10⁻⁶) in patients with the metabolic syndrome (0.11 ± 0.04 μmol/l) compared with controls (0.06 ± 0.02 μmol/l) but did not differ between the metabolic syndrome and diabetes groups. Levels of C(16)-sphingosine-based sphingolipids were significantly lowered in diabetic patients but not in patients with the metabolic syndrome but without diabetes (p = 0.008). Significantly elevated dSL levels were also found in the plasma and liver of STZ rats. A principal component analysis revealed a similar or even closer association of dSLs with diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in comparison with the established biomarkers. We showed that dSLs are significantly elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic metabolic syndrome compared with healthy controls. They may, therefore, be useful novel biomarkers to improve risk prediction and therapy monitoring in these patients.

Bile Acid Metabolites in Serum: Intraindividual Variation and Associations with Coronary Heart Disease, Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus

Bile acids (BAs) regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. In longitudinal and case-control-studies, we investigated the diurnal variation of serum concentrations of the 15 major BAs as well as the biosynthetic precursor 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) and their associations, respectively, with coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), and non-diabetic metabolic syndrome (MetS). In hourly taken blood samples of four healthy probands, the intraindividual 24 h variation of C4, conjugated and unconjugated BAs ranged from 42% to 72%, from 23% to 91%, and from 49% to 90%, respectively. Conjugated BA concentrations mainly increased following food intake. Serum levels of C4 and unconjugated BAs changed with daytime with maxima varying interindividually between 20h00 and 1h00 and between 3h00 and 8h00, respectively. Comparisons of data from 75 CAD patients with 75 CAD-free controls revealed no statistically significant association of CAD with BAs or C4. Comparisons of data from 50 controls free of T2DM or MetS, 50 MetS patients, and 50 T2DM patients revealed significantly increased fasting serum levels of C4 in patients with MetS and T2DM. Multiple regression analysis revealed body mass index (BMI) and plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) as independent determinants of C4 levels. Upon multivariate and principle component analyses the association of C4 with T2DM and/or MetS was not independent of or superior to the canonical MetS components. In conclusion, despite large intra- and interindividual variation, serum levels of C4,are significantly increased in patients with MetS and T2DM but confounded with BMI and TG.

Relationship Between IGF-1 and Cortisol/ DHEA-S Ratio in Adult Men With Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome Versus Non-Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome

Background : Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have suggested that low i nsulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) , low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and high cortisol are significant correlates of MS. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between serum IGF-1, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio in adult men with MS either diabetic or non-diabetic. Methods : One hundred adult men were enrolled in this study, divided into three groups: group 1 included 30 patients with diabetic MS, group 2 included 30 patients with non-diabetic MS and group 3 included 40 age and sex-matched controls. Anthropometric measurements, Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), lipid profile, IGF-1, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio were assessed. Results : IGF-1 and DHEA-S levels were significantly lower while serum cortisol and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio were higher in both diabetic MS and non-diabetic MS adult men than healthy con trols; they were also significantly different in the diabetic than in non-diabetic adult men with MS. IGF-1 was significantly and independently correlated with waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HOMA, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio. Cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio was significantly and independently correlated with blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, cortisol and DHEA-S. Conclusion : IGF-1 concentration is reduced and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio is increased along with insulin resistance in adult men with diabetic MS. IR may be responsible for multiple multihormonal dysregulation in MS. doi:10.4021/jem43w

Plasma Omentin-1 Levels Are Similar in Nondiabetic Metabolic Syndrome Patients and Healthy Subjects

Background: Omentin-1 which is mainly produced by omental adipose tissue and associated with insulin dependent glucose uptake is less in obese patients than lean subjects. The aims of this study were; first, to compare plasma omentin-1 levels between nondiabetic metabolic syndrome patients and healthy controls and second, to investigate the association of plasma omentin-1 with metabolic parameters. Methods: According to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, 50 nondiabetic metabolic syndrome patients (23 male, 27 female) and 30 healthy control subjects (9 male, 21 female) were recruited in this study. After 12 hour-fasting, plasma omentin-1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in venous blood samples. Results: There was no difference in plasma omentin-1 levels between metabolic syndrome patients and control subjects (90.53 ± 23.14 ng/mL, 87.83 ± 17.10 ng/mL respectively; p = 0.55). In all subjects, plasma omentin-1 was positively correlated with triglyceride and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.24, p = 0.029; r = -0.62, p = 0.019, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that although the plasma omentin-1 levels were correlated with high triglyceride and low HDL-C levels which are two of five metabolic syndrome’s parameters, the plasma omentin-1 levels are similar in metabolic syndrome patients and healthy controls. To investigate the tissue omentin-1 levels in the same groups may enlighten the topic. doi: 10.4021/jem46w

Relationship Between IGF-1 and Cortisol/ DHEA-S Ratio in Adult Men With Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome Versus Non-Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome

Background : Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previous studies have suggested that low i nsulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) , low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and high cortisol are significant correlates of MS. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between serum IGF-1, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio in adult men with MS either diabetic or non-diabetic. Methods : One hundred adult men were enrolled in this study, divided into three groups: group 1 included 30 patients with diabetic MS, group 2 included 30 patients with non-diabetic MS and group 3 included 40 age and sex-matched controls. Anthropometric measurements, Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), lipid profile, IGF-1, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio were assessed. Results : IGF-1 and DHEA-S levels were significantly lower while serum cortisol and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio were higher in both diabetic MS and non-diabetic MS adult men than healthy con trols; they were also significantly different in the diabetic than in non-diabetic adult men with MS. IGF-1 was significantly and independently correlated with waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HOMA, cortisol, DHEA-S and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio. Cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio was significantly and independently correlated with blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, cortisol and DHEA-S. Conclusion : IGF-1 concentration is reduced and cortisol/ DHEA-S ratio is increased along with insulin resistance in adult men with diabetic MS. IR may be responsible for multiple multihormonal dysregulation in MS. J Endocrinol Metab. 2011;1(4):188-195 doi: https://doi.org/10.4021/jem43w

Plasma Omentin-1 Levels Are Similar in Nondiabetic Metabolic Syndrome Patients and Healthy Subjects

Plasma Omentin-1 Levels Are Similar in Nondiabetic Metabolic Syndrome Patients and Healthy Subjects

The severity of coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic and non-diabetic metabolic syndrome patients diagnosed according to different criteria and undergoing elective angiography

Our aim in this study was to evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) as defined by different criteria and the severity of coronary lesions in a sample of diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. All patients had blood and urine tests, physical examinations were performed before angiography, and finally they were classified based on three criteria (World Health Organisation-WHO, Adult Treatment Panel-ATP III and International Diabetes Federation-IDF). Eighty-eight patients were diabetic, and 96 patients were non-diabetic. Among all patients, diabetics had significantly higher Gensini scores (P<0.001). According to WHO criteria (P=0.005) and IDF criteria (P=0.015) metabolic syndrome patients had higher Gensini scores, but for ATP III criteria difference was not significant. When we evaluated diabetics and non-diabetics separately, non-diabetic patients with MS had significantly higher scores with WHO definition (P=0.015) and mildly higher but not significant values with other MS criteria (P=0.057 for both IDF and ATP III). Neither any one of MS components nor gender revealed significant relationship with coronary disease severity. In our study with a cohort of Turkish patients undergoing elective coronary angiography; we concluded that MS should be taken into consideration, especially in non-diabetic patients.

Adiposity Factors Influencing Hepatic and Muscle Insulin Resistance in Men with Non-Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome

Adiposity Factors Influencing Hepatic and Muscle Insulin Resistance in Men with Non-Diabetic Metabolic Syndrome

Comparative Study of Low Doses of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on Lipid and Glycemic Control in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Hypercholesterolemia

Background/AimsThis multicenter, open-labeled, randomized trial was performed to compare the effects of rosuvastatin 10 mg and atorvastatin 10 mg on lipid and glycemic control in Korean patients with nondiabetic metabolic syndrome.MethodsIn total, 351 patients who met the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria for metabolic syndrome with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥ 130 mg/dL were randomized to receive either rosuvastatin 10 mg (n = 173) or atorvastatin 10 mg (n = 178) for over 6 weeks.ResultsAfter 6 weeks of treatment, greater reductions in total cholesterol (- 35.94 ± 11.38 vs. - 30.07 ± 10.46%, p < 0.001), LDL-C (48.04 ± 14.45 vs. 39.52 ± 14.42%, p < 0.001), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (- 42.93 ± 13.15 vs. - 35.52 ± 11.76%, p < 0.001), and apolipoprotein-B (- 38.7 ± 18.85 vs. - 32.57 ± 17.56%, p = 0.002) levels were observed in the rosuvastatin group as compared to the atorvastatin group. Overall, the percentage of patients attaining the NCEP ATP III goal was higher with rosuvastatin as compared to atorvastatin (87.64 vs. 69.88%, p < 0.001). Changes in glucose and insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index were not significantly different between the two groups. The safety and tolerability of the two agents were similar.ConclusionsRosuvastatin 10 mg was more effective than atorvastatin 10 mg in achieving NCEP ATP III LDL-C goals in patients with nondiabetic metabolic syndrome, especially in those with lower NCEP ATP III target level goals.