Mental Outlook Research Articles

Creating Women Concept-Characters in P. Zagrebelny’s Fictional Discourse

The article focuses on the verbalisation of the concept woman in P. Zagrebelnyi’s fictional discourse. The artist is analysed, on the one side, as a linguistic personality with his features of psyche, as a representative of a language group, and on the other side, as a creative personality that uniquely represents himself in fictional discourse, creative dimensions with his features of communicative behaviour. The analysis of the concept is performed regarding the achievements of psycholinguistics, gender linguistics, lingua-cultural studies, pragmatically-oriented communicative linguistics, on the basis of anthropocentric and discoursecentric paradigms, that made it possible to identify senses in the structure of the concept and clarify the mechanism of their occurrence. Attention is paid to the writer’s fictional discourse, which is analysed with regard to principles of discourse-analysis. Therefore, extralingual factors that gave rise to certain lexemes representing the concept are crucial for the research. As a result of the study, groups of lexemes that constitute the concept and denote animals, birds, natural phenomena, pieces of land were revealed. Nouns that constitute a layer of military vocabulary and name psychological states and contain negative connotations were identified. Features characteristic of women representatives of Ukrainian culture are compared and contrasted with the descriptions of women representatives of other cultures. The language units, evoked by the mentality and mental outlook of Ukrainians, were analysed.

Impact of Physical Exercise on Psychological Well-being and Psychiatric Disorders

Background: Physical exercise is one of the major features of human health, as it is involved in several physiological processes and related to major benefits in reducing body fat, myocardial infarction, hypertension and insulin resistance risk. Physical exercise also plays a positive role in achieving psychological well-being that can be defined as a state of happiness and serenity, with low levels of distress, overall good physical and mental health and outlook and a good quality of life. Aim of the paper: To review the positive effects of physical activity on psychological well-being and its possible neurobiological underpinnings, as well as its impact on several neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and some neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases were searched for full text articles published in the latest thirty years on the benefits that physical activity exerts on psychological well-being. Objectives: This study aims to identify the common and differential elements of the DLD (SLI) and LD through a quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results: An impressive amount of data support the positive role of physical activity on psychological well-being and a large amount of research has focused on its beneficial effects in improving the symptoms of the main neuropsychiatric disorders, while highlighting its usefulness as an adjuvant option to psychopharmacological treatments and psychotherapy. In particular, exercise would deeply affect CNS morphology and function, through heterogeneous mechanisms including, amongst the others, the production of hormones, neurotransmitters and neurotrophins, the promotion of angiogenesis and neuroplasticity, and the regulation of gene expression. Conclusion: Literature indicates that the promotion of physical activity may work like an adjunctive and/or augmentation strategy to enhance drugs or psychological treatments, or even as an alternative option in major depression.

Moving the dial on prenatal stress mechanisms of neurodevelopmental vulnerability to mental health problems: A personalized prevention proof of concept.

Prenatal stress exposure increases vulnerability to virtually all forms of psychopathology. Based on this robust evidence base, we propose a "Mental Health, Earlier" paradigm shift for prenatal stress research, which moves from the documentation of stress-related outcomes to their prevention, with a focus on infant neurodevelopmental indicators of vulnerability to subsequent mental health problems. Achieving this requires an expansive team science approach. As an exemplar, we introduce the Promoting Healthy Brain Project (PHBP), a randomized trial testing the impact of the Wellness-4-2 personalized prenatal stress-reduction intervention on stress-related alterations in infant neurodevelopmental trajectories in the first year of life. Wellness-4-2 utilizes bio-integrated stress monitoring for just-in-time adaptive intervention. We highlight unique challenges and opportunities this novel team science approach presents in synergizing expertise across predictive analytics, bioengineering, health information technology, prevention science, maternal-fetal medicine, neonatology, pediatrics, and neurodevelopmental science. We discuss how innovations across many areas of study facilitate this personalized preventive approach, using developmentally sensitive brain and behavioral methods to investigate whether altering children's adverse gestational exposures, i.e., maternal stress in the womb, can improve their mental health outlooks. In so doing, we seek to propel developmental SEED research towards preventive applications with the potential to reduce the pernicious effect of prenatal stress on neurodevelopment, mental health, and wellbeing.

Humor Application in Teaching English to Future Lawyers of Ukraine

In the twenty-first century, foreign languages have become exactly the means of “survival” in the conditions of world community formation and global thinking. The successful development of a person ready for “survival” is a process of entering into a foreign culture. The most objective solving of the problem of students’ acquaintance with a foreign culture, as the authors believe, is modeling real intercultural intercourse situations: that is, intentional confrontation of situations of native and foreign cultures. The creation of the model of foreign culture is one of the basic requirements of foreign language teaching as a means of “survival.” It requires working out new components of teaching-methodical complexes, both in content and form. Students’ preparation for acquisition of foreign culture is one of the unique objectives of contemporary higher education. Motivation is one of the main factors on which students' proficiency depends. Students’ interest in learning foreign languages can be arisen by some new methods of teaching. Humor application during English classes at universities is essential because studying peculiarities of English and American humor the learners of foreign languages are ready to enter the system of international and world cultures and behave naturally either in British or American societies. English humor is an integral part of British and American society, so its knowledge is necessary for learners of English as a second language. Humor usually requires a specific style and is based on surprise. It means that something relevant to the audience is present and goes something different from what the audience expected. Our pedagogical experiment with the application of humorous texts during English classes resulted in increasing students’ motivation, broadening their mental outlook, and knowledge of a foreign culture.

Effect of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Pandemic on Medical Students' Psychological Stress and Its Influencing Factors.

In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia infection occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, and it has received substantial attention globally. Few studies have investigated the psychological stress of students in Health University during the COVID-19 outbreak, and almost no work has attended to the influencing factors that may cause their psychological stress risk. This cross-sectional, survey-based, region-stratified study collected demographic data and mental measurement from 2,498 medical students and 1,177 non-medical students in 31 provinces from March 5, 2020, to March 10, 2020, in China. The psychological stress was measured using the Chinese Perceived Stress Scales (CPSS) under a self-design questionnaire. Sociodemographic, major characteristics, and knowledge of the novel coronavirus pneumonia were also identified as potential influencing factors of stress. The study revealed that medical students are suffering from more stress than non-medical students almost in all provinces of China. Four influencing factors including level of familiarity with the novel coronavirus, family income, major of students, and status of the intern student can be significantly related to students’ stress in the medical group by using the univariate and multivariate analysis. Further analysis showed that students with low stress had a greater number of positive psychological emotions and a lower number of negative psychological emotions than with medical students with high stress. In addition, high stress caused low enthusiasm for learning in these medical students and lead to little/no willingness to do professional medical work in the future. In conclusion, we need to increase the level of our knowledge related to the novel coronavirus pneumonia to reduce stress and strongly focus on the special populations in medical students with certain features, such as intern students, clinical nursing students, and low-income families, to improve their learning attitudes and establish positive professional mental outlooks.

Leveraging social media data to study the community resilience of New York City to 2019 power outage

Power outages across the world have severe social impacts. The public's responses to power outages provide valuable insights into their capacities of adapting crisis and an invaluable perspective to demonstrate community resilience. As social media has connected people in the community, the discussion on social media can reflect their responses as a criterion of resilience throughout power outages in a timely and effective manner. In the field of power outages, the potentials of social media data have only been investigated with recent advancements of big data techniques. Nonetheless, studies focusing on community resilience using social media data are quite limited. We filled this gap by introducing a novel and quantitative method to study the community resilience throughout power outages, based on a case study on the Manhattan blackout occurred in July 2019. The study examined community resilience from both mental and behavioral perspectives via sentiment analysis and behavior analysis. The sentiment analysis was used to track people's mental outlook and shape the overall mental status during and after this emergency. On the other side, six major patterns of behaviors were identified, and the behavioral index was defined to learn how the community responded to power outages amid the response and recovery periods. Both the mental and behavioral results reveal that New York City recovered at approximately one and a half hours after the blackout occurred, implying a strong community resilience to such short and emergent power outage events.

Psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences.

Research into psychedelic therapy models has shown promise for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions. Mystical-type experiences occasioned by psilocybin have been correlated with therapeutic benefits and long-term improvements in positive mental outlook and attitudes. This article aims to provide an overview of the topic, highlight strengths and weaknesses in current research, generate novel perspectives and discussion, and consider future avenues for research. This narrative review was designed to summarise and assess the state of research on psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences and applications for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions. Contemporary methods on the quantification of mystical-type experiences and their acute subjective effects are discussed. Recent studies provide some understanding of the pharmacological actions of psychedelics although the neurological similarities and differences between spontaneous and psychedelic mystical-type experiences are not well described. Applicability to modern clinical settings is assessed. Potential novel therapeutic applications include use in positive psychology interventions in healthy individuals. Since 2006 significant advancements in understanding the therapeutic potential of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy have been made; however, more work is required to understand the neuromechanistic processes and applicability in modern clinical settings. Despite promising results in recent studies, funding issues for clinical trials, legal concerns and socio-cultural resistance provide a counterpoint to experimental evidence.

Sentiment Cognition From Words Shortlisted by Fuzzy Entropy

Sentiment analysis (SA) is the process of evaluating human emotions, opinions, and reviews expressed in text to detect the writer's mental outlook toward a particular event, topic, product, service, etc., and assign a relevant sentiment. In SA, to highlight the correct words which contribute toward sentiment cognition is very difficult. Simulating this task of shortlisting of words by human observers is challenging due to complexity of human mind's processing. The use of fuzzy entropy is proposed in this article as an innovative step to tap sentiment quotients of online movie reviews. We have proposed a novel approach of shortlisting of words that help in sentiment cognition using a combination of fuzzy entropy, k -means clustering, and sentiment lexicon SentiWordNet. We have addressed this challenging task of simulating the human cognition of words by developing a model that recognizes sentiment based on fuzzy scores derived from SentiWordNet in an automatic manner. Experiments on two benchmark movie review data sets-IMDB and polarity data sets by Pang and Lee-with training by long short-term memory neural networks, yields high accuracy for our approach as compared to other state-of-the-art-methods of SA.

Teaching Reform of General Chemistry for “Curriculum Incorporating Ideological and Political Education” in Agricultural Universities of China

Under the background of reform of curriculum incorporating ideological and political education, this paper explores the ideological and political education elements contained in general chemistry courses to realize the transformation from the main channel of the ideological and political course to the three-dimensional education pattern of the curriculum incorporating ideological and political education. Based on general chemistry course as an example, this paper expounds the feasibility, implementation and effect of the reform of "ideological and political curriculum". Fully integrate the new ideas of the new era into the curriculum construction, into the syllabus, teaching plan and classroom. Through the reform, no matter from the students' mental outlook, words and deeds, classroom performance, the students' response is positive. Also questionnaires were used to evaluate the effect of "curriculum thinking and politics". The combination of explicit education and implicit education can improve students' ideological and political quality, strengthen their ideals and beliefs, cultivate their scientific spirit, set up their ecological civilization thoughts, and cultivate their scientific outlook on environment and resources, enhance their awareness of environmental protection and sense of responsibility, strengthen self-worth affirmation. The teaching reform has made full use of the moral education in the specialized courses and achieved certain results.

Aging gay male veterans: a community-based study on their health and psychosocial needs

ABSTRACTLesbian, gay, and bisexual persons have served in the military throughout history despite military policies that necessitated concealment of their sexual orientation. This secondary data analysis of research from a community-based study of sexual and gender minority (SGM) older adults sought to explore the unique needs of this growing “out” population and identify the future program, policy, and research goals. The sampling population for this study was drawn from a community-based study conducted initially by researchers from the ACRIA center. The SGM veterans in this pilot study were recruited from the Center on Halstead, the largest SGM community-based center in the Midwest. Twenty-six veterans’ self-identified as gay men. Considering the minority stress model, data from this study identified a group of men with less social support – either formal or informal, less housing and economic security, and low service utilization. Interestingly, this group also self-reported as having a more positive mental and physical health outlook than previous research with this population. This study also identified a clear need for education, more extensive population-based mixed methods studies to help understand fully the needs of this previously “invisible” population of older military veterans.

FAMILY COMMUNICATION IN THE LIGHT OF THE RUSSIAN VERBAL IDEAL: AXIOLOGICAL VIEW (BASING ON MATERIAL OF FAMILY CONVERSATIONS OF URAL TOWN COLLOQUIAL LANGUAGE NATIVE SPEAKERS)

Purpose of the study: The topicality of the issue under study is caused by the interest to peculiarities of the Russian national routine verbal communication, and to constants and variables thereof. The goal of the article is finding certain peculiarities of family communication which are revealed against the background of the Russian verbal ideal.
 Methodology: A leading approach to the investigation of this issue is linguo-culturological one which allows revealing value systems, apprehensions and stereotypes realized in family conversations of Ural town colloquial language native speakers and contributing to harmonization of communication between the family circle members, both close and distant.
 Results: As a result of the undertaken analysis, it was found that communicators’ socio-centric view of life is supported by the value sets on cooperation, the entourage’s respect, jocosity, communicative confidence, and sociability; value of complicity to the family circle and family memory were revealed; the trend to direct valuation use was denominated; it was shown that it is the popular-tongue environment wherein apprehensions of Russian people about children’s obedience, fate and justice are tied up (Alapuro, R., Mustajoki, A., & Pesonen, P. (Eds.). (2011)).
 Applications of this study: Materials of the article can be of interest for researchers of the Russian communicative culture, colloquialisms, teachers of Russian language as a foreign language, specialists in scope of communication optimization, higher and secondary school teachers, people forming and perfecting skills of conflict-free communication within the Russian verbal ideal.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: The authors established that participants of a family communication take definite verbal efforts for providing communicative concord and harmony supporting speech traditions flowing out from parents’ families. The socio-centric mental outlook of speech partners is achieved through realization of conversational sets on cooperation, respect to close people, communicative confidence and frankness. Senior family members translate communicative stereotypes that are adopted in their parents’ families.

Inquiry of Personal Intelligence Of Adolescence and Early Adulthood College Students of Tamilnadu using Id3 Algorithm

Educational Data Mining is an Emerging research domain which focus on extracting knowledge from educational databases to promote the learning environment. Educational psychology helps to understand the differences in learning process of a person from cognitive and behavioral perspective. This research aims to predict the personal intelligence of adolescence and early adulthood who are studying under graduate and post graduate courses in educational institution. Adolescence plays a very import role in the development of personality to new dimensions in human life. The Adolescence physical, mental, social, moral and spiritual outlooks undergo revolutionary changes. Many teachers and parents fail to asses these changes and they do not like to slacken their control over them. Psychologist has stressed to properly channelize the behavior of adolescence and give them adequate education. In this paper machine learning technique with decision tree induction algorithm was used to analyze the personal intelligence of college students. To construct the decision tree, Entropy and Information Gain are used as attribute selection measures in ID3 algorithm. Applying data mining techniques in the field of Educational Psychology is a new method and the rules generated from the decision tree helps to identify the personal intelligence of the students. This result helps the Educators to improve the learning environment better for Adolescence.

PLATON VE ARİSTOTELES FELSEFELERİNDE GERÇEKLİK ALGISINA DAİR KISA BİR İNCELEME

That philosophical activity is to start with the Ancient Greek world has been a tradition. However, the traces of philosophical thought can be clearly seen in the previous periods. Here, the element which brings the Ancient Greek world forward is philosophers’ outlook on the nature. This is a philosophical and mental outlook for the search of knowledge which does not benefit. It is possible to say that this view has reached its peak in Plato and Aristotle’s philosophies. They devoted their lives to philosophically examining the fundamental principles which stand behind the changing world. First of all, their attitude is a negative reaction to skepticism. Plato and Aristotle’s philosophies always have a content that allows re-evaluation. When we take a closer look at the problems of our age, the priority of their philosophies will be clearly felt. Therefore, although it is pretty difficult to understand their claims for an ordinary man, they are still regarded by many thinkers as the two great philosophers who support the history of philosophy. Both philosophers believed that reason must position itself in opposite the changing world to achieve the universal truth. According to them, only under this circumstance can we reach a perception of reality. Well then, how is the perception of reality expressed in their view? Plato’s idealism and Aristotle’s realism provide us with the most important clues. Within this framework, in our study, we will try to show how these important philosophers of Ancient Greek philosophy deal with the perception of reality

Modeling of object competitiveness based on hybrid method assessment

The article covers the aggregation informal and mathematical methods in competitiveness of objects of different origin basing on hybrid assessment method. The given method includes principles of systemic analysis of structurization and quantification that leads to the analysis of the competitiveness problem and complex implementation of multicriteria method of optimization, and also methods of ranging of characteristics of the object to be assessed, methods of dual comparisons, methods of integral programming, Hungarian method, reduction, method of tests and errors. The feature of the method is the advantages integration of different quality methods of analysis with formal methods to obtain the quantitative characteristics of results of competitiveness for different consumer levels. The certain extracts of the big solved task are given together with a lot of single and integrated assessments. The certain parts of a huge task solved are also presented in the article. The result tables with conclusions are also presented here. The results change primary view of consumer, make mental outlook wider and change the attitude of consumer towards the competitiveness in particular. The description of transition from methods and models use to the assessment of object competitiveness is given. That shows the possibility of hybrid method application according to the object competitiveness of different origin.

Modeling of object competitiveness based on hybrid method assessment

The article covers the aggregation informal and mathematical methods in competitiveness of objects of different origin basing on hybrid assessment method. The given method includes principles of systemic analysis of structurization and quantification that leads to the analysis of the competitiveness problem and complex implementation of multicriteria method of optimization, and also methods of ranging of characteristics of the object to be assessed, methods of dual comparisons, methods of integral programming, Hungarian method, reduction, method of tests and errors. The feature of the method is the advantages integration of different quality methods of analysis with formal methods to obtain the quantitative characteristics of results of competitiveness for different consumer levels. The certain extracts of the big solved task are given together with a lot of single and integrated assessments. The certain parts of a huge task solved are also presented in the article. The result tables with conclusions are also presented here. The results change primary view of consumer, make mental outlook wider and change the attitude of consumer towards the competitiveness in particular. The description of transition from methods and models use to the assessment of object competitiveness is given. That shows the possibility of hybrid method application according to the object competitiveness of different origin.

Spring EngAGEment: An Interprofessional Collaboration to Enhance Community Interaction and University Education

Purpose Interprofessional education and practices are increasingly recognized as vital to addressing complex health needs, including individuals living with Alzheimer's disease or other associated dementias (AD/OAD). An innovative approach to meet this need is to create a meaningful engagement experience, Spring EngAGEment, following a multidisciplinary patient-centered model to serve individuals with AD/OAD and their care partners in the community and to offer new interprofessional collaboration opportunities for college students and faculty across disciplines in nursing, recreation, and speech-language pathology. The Spring EngAGEment program was developed by lead undergraduate students in an outcome-based program planning course from the Department of Recreation, Parks & Leisure Services and implemented by student volunteers and faculty across the disciplines with ongoing mentorship from the author team and feedback from the local ACT on Alzheimer's team. The program offered community resource booths, gardening, music therapy, and physical activity education as a way to inform individuals with AD/OAD and their care partners on available community resources, increase their mental outlook, and help reduce their isolation and stress. Conclusions This interprofessional practice/interprofessional education experience not only allowed college students to facilitate collaboration with future health care professionals from a variety of disciplines but also provided the participants living with AD/OAD and their care partners with new ideas and strategies to help adjust to their life changes. Program outcomes from event participants with AD/OAD and student volunteers were reported. Lessons identified by the author team are discussed.

Code Hero - Catherine Barkley in A Farewell to Arms

A Farewell to Arms is Hemingway’s early masterwork which is known as a literary classic of modern literature. Catherine Barkley is the heroine in the novel which has aroused heated discussions. The paper tries to analyze Catherine Barkley from perspective of Code Hero as put forward by Philip Young. Catherine’s personality as code hero is analyzed in details in the paper. Her personality is discussed from three aspects: concept of life, reaction to pressure and mental outlook.

Positive Mental Attitude Associated with Lower 35-Year Mortality: The Leisure World Cohort Study.

Background Although emerging research has suggested that “positive psychological well-being” is associated with better health outcomes, studies of long-term health and mortality in the elderly are limited. This study assessed the relationship of mental attitude and mortality in older adults followed up for 35 years. Methods In the 1980s, the Leisure World Cohort Study recruited residents of a California retirement community to a prospective cohort study of health promotion and disease prevention. Participants completed a postal survey including seven positively worded items from the Zung self-rating depression scale. Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted (for lifestyle behaviors and disease conditions) hazard ratios (HRs) for death were calculated using Cox regression for 8682 women and 4992 men (median age at entry, 74 years). During follow-up (1981–2016), 13,405 participants died (median age at death, 88 years). Results In both women and men, HRs for death were significantly related to mental attitude with increasing risk with decreasing positive responses for total attitude and the seven individual items. The multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for death for individuals in the lowest vs. highest quarter of total attitude was 1.24 (1.16, 1.32) for women and 1.30 (1.19, 1.41) for men. Some attenuation in the observed associations occurred after adjustment for potential confounders and after elimination of the first five years of follow-up. Conclusions Our study suggests that persons with negative attitude have an increased risk of death even after many years of follow-up. Research into strategies to improve mental outlook may help improve the quantity as well as the quality of life.

A performing musician’s oeuvre through the prism of phenomenology.

A performing musician’s oeuvre through the prism of phenomenology.

A Mobile Application for School Children Controlled by External Bluetooth Devices

<span>The didactic method of digital, game-based learning includes integrating educational content or learning standards into video games with the objective to engage pupils. The method combines instructional content with computer or video games and can be used with all subjects and at all ability levels. Exponents of digital game-based learning argue that it provides learning opportunities which involve learners in interactive teaching and encourages them to take part in the technological society of the 21st century. The necessity of digital, game-based learning arose in the last decades of the 20th century as world-wide improvements in innovation took place. Today's learners live their lives with easy access to technology. This paper discusses the need for, motivation for and adjustment of digital, game-based learning to meet the needs of contemporary and the future generations of learners. Specifically, a game prototype for pupils of 9 to 10 years of age was implemented and evaluated. A simple mathematical game was created to help children practice mathematical skills in a fun, logical, thoughtful, enjoyable, amusing and light-hearted way. The results of the evaluation showed that children were interested in using mobile devices to learn mathematics, and especially the multiplication table. During the study, children tried both to achieve positive results and enjoyed the game. Our findings indicate that using mobile-based games encourages a positive mental outlook in pupils toward mathematics, ensures their dynamic, noteworthy participation and supports the acquisition of mathematical knowledge.</span>