Types Of Media Research Articles

X, How can you bring citizens closer to their city councils?

This article seeks to analyze the relationship between city councils and citizens through social media to determine which variables affect the city council’s activity on social media and citizens’ engagement. We perform a comparative study of 17 city councils throughout Spain, one for each region’s most populated municipality. The methodology used is quantitative and content analysis of interactions on social media between citizens and local government. We collect the data from social media, analyzing X (formerly Twitter) posts of the city councils selected before municipal elections held in May 2023. We considered reach, creation policy, responsiveness, media type and content topic in the posts published on the city council’s X (formerly Twitter) account. Results shows that quantity of publication doesn’t always translate to efficacy in terms of citizen engagement and that smaller cities tend to publish less tweets daily, but in average have more reach (view counts) and engagement (Likes, comments and retweets). In term of transparency, results show no relationship with engagement. Its practical contribution stems from best municipalities performance identification that are used for benchmarking purposes, and those who can ameliorate their engagement index.

A cost-effective load side management solution based on power line carrier communication i-PLCC.

Conventional power systems are almost at the verge of their existence and are quickly being replaced by modern, especially smarter alternatives. Rapid and wide deployment of Load side management, which is a smarter and modern way to ensure efficient and economical use of power, is a classic example. However, there are several challenges which need to be addressed before it can be realized as a commercially viable solution. Suitable communication method, called "Home Area Networks", is a mandatory requirement which should be cost effective, robust and with ability to simultaneously handle large number of devices. Due to various inherent issues, communication protocols commonly used now-a-days, are not fully capable to address the requirements of HANs. Power Line Carrier Communications (PLCC) can be a suitable and efficient alternative of quick realization of HANs. In this paper, various aspects of PLCC have been analyzed for use in HANs. Modulation methods, materials, physical parameters and effect of noise have been analyzed. The paper evaluates performance and effectiveness of FSK modulation with aluminum transmission medium for PLC within a residential environment, focusing on the tradeoffs between distance, transmission medium diameter, and type of transmission medium, and cable gauge, which can degrade the performance of PLCC. A novel simulation model has been presented incorporating RLCG (Resistance, Inductance, Capacitance, and Conductance) tools and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). Performance parameter have been comprehensively analyzed of implementation using aluminum as a communication medium. This paper discusses cost effectiveness of PLCC by replacing copper by aluminum as the transmission medium. The study reveals that aluminum cables must be twice the size of copper cable in order to achieve same communication distances. Higher carrier frequencies in FSK modulation increase noise susceptibility, consequently reducing achievable communication distances. Cables with smaller diameters results in lower transmission ranges. These results highlight the trade-offs involved in implementing FSK for in-home PLCC (iPLCC). The study highlights how crucial it is to take these trade-offs into account while developing and refining FSK-based iPLCC systems for use in smart homes.

Global existence of a weak solution for a reaction–diffusion system in a porous medium with membrane conditions and mass control

Abstract In this paper, we prove the global exstence of weak solutions for a porous medium dynamics of m species moving between two domains separated by a zero-thickness membrane. On this membrane, Kedem–Katchalsky conditions are considered, and the study is characterized by natural structural conditions applied to the nonlinear reactive terms. The global existence is established under the assumption that these reactive terms are bounded in $L^1$ . This problem has already been analyzed in the linear diffusion case by Ciavolella and Perthame in Ciavolella and Perthame (2021, Journal of Evolution Equations 21, 1513–1540). The present work constitutes an extension for nonlinear diffusion, particularly of the porous medium type, in the form $\partial _t v_i - \Delta v_i^{r_i} = R_i$ , for an exponent $r_i < 2$ . The case $r_i \geq 2$ remains an open problem. This paper is an adaptation of the ideas from Ciavolella and Perthame (2021, Journal of Evolution Equations 21, 1513–1540), with new strategies to overcome the appearance of nonlinearity and degeneracy in the diffusion term.

Design and Test of a Multi-Media Web Platform Prototype Based on People’s Preferences to Increase Cultural Heritage Awareness

Cultural heritage significantly influences the transmission of history from the past to the present and future. The core of protecting cultural heritage is inheritance, making sure the heritages can be sustainable forever. Various ICT methods facilitate the dissemination and preservation of cultural heritage information. However, traditional ICT platforms often focus on official authority perspectives, neglecting users’ preferences for retrieving cultural heritage information. To address this, a hypothetical media platform was developed to collect people’s preferences for cultural heritage content and media types through a questionnaire, leading to the creation of a new multi-media platform. For demonstration purposes, Strijp-S, an industrial cultural heritage site in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, was used as a case study. A questionnaire was administered to test the prototype’s effectiveness and compare it with a comprehensive search engine like Google. Independent and paired-samples t-tests were conducted to analyze the results, demonstrating that the dedicated multi-media platform prototype was more effective than Google in raising awareness of Strijp-S. These findings indicate that a platform designed based on users’ preferences can enhance public awareness of cultural heritage. This approach can assist policymakers in developing platforms to promote local cultural heritage effectively.

Modeling 2D gravity-driven flow in unsaturated porous media for different infiltration rates

Abstract. The gravity-driven flow in an unsaturated porous medium remains one of the most important unsolved problems in multiphase flow. Sometimes a diffusion-like flow with a uniform wetting front, known as stable flow, is observed, but, at other times, the flow is unstable with distinct preferential pathways. The formation of an unstable wetting front in a porous medium depends on many factors, including the type of porous medium, the initial saturation, and the applied infiltration rate. As the infiltration rate increases, the wetting front first transitions from stable to unstable at low infiltration rates and then from unstable to stable at high infiltration rates. We propose a governing equation and its discretized form, the semi-continuum model, to describe this significant non-monotonic transition. We show that the semi-continuum model is able to capture the influx dependence together with the correct finger width and spacing. Moreover, we demonstrate that the instability of the wetting front is closely related to the saturation overshoot in one dimension. Finally, we show that the flow can still be preferential even when the porous medium is completely wetted.

The Summit of Safe Horror

Many people regularly watch horror films. While it seems clear that sporadically watching horror films will not make us bad people, if it is the main type of media that we consume, then are we still safe? I will defend most horror films from Di Muzio (2006), who worries that we are harming our moral character by watching them. Most horror films (e.g., Candyman, Get Out, and Scream) fall into what I call the summit of safe horror (SoSH), the inverse of the uncanny valley effect, wherein almost-but-not-quite-human robots elicit discomfort from viewers rather than empathy. In the SoSH, violence elicits excitement rather than pity for the victims because the violence is mitigated by, among other things, comic relief and foolish choices by the characters. These narrative features allow most horror films to be intense enough to cause excitement and terror yet not so intense as to cause a negative moral attitude to form in our soul, because we feel what Aristotle would consider the appropriate amount of fear. Torture porn, a subset of horror films lacking plot and focusing solely on gore (e.g., the Saw sequels), falls outside of the SoSH because it lacks these narrative features, making the violence depicted too intense to be entertaining. These films outside the SoSH will not necessarily cause an inappropriate amount of fear but are simply the only ones that could possibly do so. Caution: spoilers ahead!

Unveiling Practical Insights: An Assessment of Media Influence on Tertiary Students' Perceptions of Crime and Criminals in Jigawa State

This study examines the influence of media on tertiary students' perceptions of crime and criminals in Jigawa State, Nigeria. With the rise in media consumption, particularly of crime-related content, there is growing concern about its potential to distort reality and elevate fear of crime among young adults. Utilizing Gerbner’s Cultivation Theory as a framework, this research explores how different media types impact students' understanding of crime, including television, social media, and news outlets. A mixed-method approach was used, combining surveys and focus group discussions with students across various institutions. The results indicate a significant correlation between high media consumption and exaggerated crime perception. Findings further reveal that students frequently exposed to sensational crime stories report heightened fear and misconceptions about criminal activity. These insights underscore the need for media literacy programs and balanced crime reporting to mitigate the influence of media on students' perceptions of crime.

Hydraulic performance analysis of new versus commercial nozzle design for pressurised porous media filters

AbstractRapid water filtration with pressurised porous media filters is extensively applied in drip irrigation systems. In double-chamber filters, the underdrains are fixed to the base of the inner plate to sustain the media above while draining water. Here, a new underdrain design intended to reduce the filter energy consumption is presented. The main difference with commercial underdrain units corresponds to the distribution of the slots, being in a horizontal plate to uniformise the flow trajectories inside the porous media. Both commercial and new underdrain designs have been tested in laboratory in both filtration and backwashing modes with three media types, two media heights, and superficial velocities ranging from 20 to 120 m h−1. In filtration mode, results indicate that the new design reduces the filter pressure drop by 31% at 60 m h−1 in comparison with the commercial one. The exploration with an analytical model that correctly reproduces the filter pressure drop, reveals that its value at 60 m h−1 is only 15% higher than the ideal scenario (uniform flow throughout the porous media bed). In backwashing mode, the pressure drop in comparison with the commercial design is reduced by 65% at 80 m h−1, while having the same trend for the bed expansion, which is also predicted by a simple analytical expression. Thus, the new underdrain design produces a more homogeneous fluidised regime than the commercial one at low-moderate superficial velocities.

In vitro strategy to enhance the production of bioactive polyphenols and caffeoylputrescine in the hairy roots of Physalis peruviana L.

The Rhizobium rhizogene-transformed root culture from Physalis peruviana L. (P. peruviana) may be a promising and novel source of valuable phenolics, including caffeoylputrescine (CP), which is known for antioxidant, antidiabetic, insect-resistant, disease-resistant, and neuroprotective properties. In this study, to improve the production efficiency of phytochemical components in P. peruviana hairy root cultures, we optimized various culture conditions, including the inoculum size, liquid volume, culture media type, carbon source, sucrose concentration, initial pH, and application of elicitors, to enhance the total phenolic content and CP yield in these hairy root cultures. The findings indicate that the use of sucrose as carbon source resulted in the highest biomass (13.28 g DW/L), total phenolic content (6.26 mg/g), and CP yield (2.40 mg/L). The White medium excelled in enhancing the total phenolic content (9.35 mg/g), whereas the B5 medium was most effective for the biomass (13.38 g DW/L) and CP yield (6.30 mg/L). A sucrose concentration of 5% was best for the biomass (18.40 g DW/L), whereas a sucrose concentration of 4% was ideal for the CP yield. Optimal culture conditions were as follows: an inoculum size of 0.5 g/100 mL, a liquid volume of 100 mL in a 250-mL flask, B5 medium, 4% sucrose, and a pH of 5.5. Among the tested elicitors, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) at 100 µM significantly increased the biomass (21.3 g/L), total phenolic content (23.34 mg/g), and CP yield (141.10 mg/L), which represent 0.96-, 2.12-, and 13.04-fold increases, respectively, over the control after 8 days. The optimized HR culture of P. peruviana provides a promising system to enhance the production of CP for pharmaceutical applications.

Exploring the Cultural Significance, Medicinal Properties, and Agricultural Practice Achievements of Timiz (<i>Piper capense</i>) in Ethiopia

Piper capense, widely known as Timiz, is an important spice from the Piperaceae family, native to East Africa, particularly in Ethiopia’s southwestern areas. Traditionally used for a myriad of health issues, Timiz holds a significant place in Ethiopian cuisine, embodying cultural traditions. The plant is distinctive in its morphology, with "timiz" in Amharic indicating its curly form. The flavor profile of Timiz is notably unique, exhibiting a milder and sweeter taste that is reminiscent of cloves and cardamom, which enhances its culinary versatility. Typically, the harvested and dried seed spikes are appreciated for their aromatic properties, which are further enhanced through traditional smoking methods. This review explores the traditional medicinal uses of Timiz, relying on ethnobotanical data that illustrate its employment among various African communities for treating ailments like digestive issues, respiratory infections, and other health problems. The results of research on the collection, conservation of accessions, agronomic practices such as watering frequency and media types, as well as propagation methods, are also highlighted. Furthermore, the review identifies challenges within the value chain, such as a lack of awareness regarding processing methods and quality control, stressing the necessity for improved practices to boost Timiz's marketability. Future directions for research, production, and market integration of Timiz in Ethiopia are also discussed, underscoring the multifaceted significance of this spice in Ethiopian culture and medicine while advocating for sustainable agricultural methods to support its cultivation and conservation.

Web-Series Ads as a New Marketing Media: Toward a Commercial-Independent Digital Integration Model

This study presents a new type of advertisement—web-series ads. This undiscussed form of advertising is unique, as it presents an independent digital cultural field. By examining the main structural and narrative features of web-series ads and consumers’ responses, this research presents an integration model which explains how advertisements, as a commercial system, integrate into an independent new media system. Using thematic, narrative–structural, and textual analysis methods, this research shows how marketers convey messaging by introducing a free-from-constraints new online advertising media type. The use of polysystem theory offers a new theoretical perspective to media research and explains the findings.

Video games as cultural studies other

Why are video games always discussed separately from other types of media and popular culture? Although many scholars have utilized cultural studies approaches to understanding games and gaming culture, the relationship between games and popular culture more broadly is more problematic than one might assume. Despite their ubiquity, video games are consistently positioned—by cultural studies and game studies, by popular and video game cultures, and by our phenomenological experiences with them—as ‘other’ within popular media. This has important implications for how cultural studies might approach video games, and how critiques of and solutions to issues of diversity and inclusivity in games can be addressed.

Features of the development of the Ukrainian and European print media market in the current conditions

The article analyses the state of the Ukrainian and European print market in the current conditions, which are caused by socio-political, military, economic and technological global processes. The author identifies the peculiarities of functioning and development of the print media market in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, which became a catalyst for a number of economic changes that led to a number of processes in financial terms: closure of publications, reduction of circulation, total transition to digital format, and, accordingly, transition to subscription. It is important to note that the above-mentioned processes took place in three stages: digitalization, the global economic crisis of 2013-2014 and Covid-19, and the war only accelerated them. The print media market cannot compete with other types of media. Falling circulation, closure of newsrooms or their mergers are typical for both the Ukrainian and European media markets. Today, this market and the online media market closely overlap, as print media, in order to survive financially and retain their audience in a highly competitive information environment, are actively moving to online platforms, often choosing social media as a place of operation. The study focuses on the print market in Poland, France, the UK, Germany and the Czech Republic. The European readership of traditional media consists of two parts: the older generation reads the printed version of publications, while the younger generation prefers to subscribe to digital analogues. It is more difficult for Ukrainian publications to retain their audience due to economic and military factors and a relatively young media market compared to the European one. The article emphasizes that the print media market is undergoing further active digitalization, which has particularly intensified during the Covid-19 period. This has given rise to the following trends: 1) updating of subscriptions to the digital format of printed publications; 2) transition to online formats of the same name, adaptation of the content of periodicals to social networks.

Public Perception on the Role of Public Relations Strategies for Peace-Building During Political Activities in Nigeria

The study set out to assess public perception of the role of public relations strategies for peace-building during political activities in Nigeria. The population of the study were electorates in the six Areas Councils of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The study was supported by the excellent theory. A quantitative research approach was used. The findings revealed among others that public relations strategies used in peace-building during the 2023 general elections in FCT include dialogue, mediation, negotiation, arbitration, community relations, intercession, intervention, inquest, conciliation, adjudication, use of the mass media, public view and propaganda devices. Thus, the study recommended that the application of public relations strategies in peace-building during election-related matters in Nigeria should take a holistic and truthful approach by accommodating divergent views from the different segments of Nigerian society. Also, proper utilisation of the different types of media by public relations practitioners is imperative in bringing about peace during elections in Nigeria.

The Impact of Teenage Media Use on Academic Performance, Peer Influence, Interpersonal Relationships, And Personality Development

This paper explores the impact of teenage media use on academic performance, peer influence, interpersonal relationships, and personality development. Based on data collected through a survey of 1,200 teenagers aged 13-18 and analyzed using SPSS, the study examines the different types of media used by teenagers, including social media, video games, television, and the internet, and their effects on various aspects of their lives. The results suggest that excessive media use, particularly social media and video games, has a significant negative impact on academic performance while also affecting peer interactions, interpersonal relationships, and personality development. The findings highlight the need for balanced media use among teenagers to foster healthy development.

Utilization Of Social Media As A Health Promotion Tool For Hospitals in Indonesia: Literature Review

The use of social media in various aspects including health has increased in recent years. The effectiveness and efficiency of the use of social media in health promotion efforts by hospitals are advantages compared to using conventional media. This study aims to obtain information about the use of social media by hospitals in efforts to organize hospital health promotion from the perspective of: 1) types of social media used, 2) program effectiveness, 3) level of involvement, and 4) efforts to increase the level of involvement. From a search of 62 articles (time span 2017-2022) using the Google Scholar and Garuda databases and the keywords media, social, hospital, promotion, and health, researchers found 3 articles that were appropriate based on the title, abstract, content and purpose of the study. This literature study revealed that social media has high effectiveness and efficiency in organizing health promotion programs by hospitals. Another finding is that Instagram is the most widely used social media platform with the highest level of involvement compared to other social media platforms. Interesting and unique efforts and strategies can further increase the level of public involvement in hospital social media accounts so that there is an increase in awareness of healthy living in Indonesian society.

Changing Forms of Ownership in a Democratic Corporatist Media System — How Digitalization Leads to Less Transparency and the Risk of Media Capture

Digitalization has led to a crisis in news media and an upheaval in media ownership. A research concern has been that the motives driving media owners will shift from financial and public service to overtly political and ideological. The term “media capture” has been suggested to describe how various interests may take control over news media outlets. This paper adds to the study of digitalization and media ownership in three ways. First, our analysis is based on new analytical parameters developed as part of the Euromedia Ownership Monitor. Second, we compare types of ownership across legacy news media and digital news media, as each media type runs a different risk regarding capture. Third, we focus on ownership transparency, especially that of beneficial owners. Our case study is Denmark, which is part of the democratic corporatist media system and, based on international ratings, is one of the most democratic and transparent media systems in Europe. We find that private legacy news media is mostly owned by nonprofit foundations, while legacy public service news media is owned by the State or is listed as self-owned. Regarding new digital news media, we find different ownership forms. However, only new digital news media have ownership by a sole proprietor. Regarding transparency, we find the transparency of direct and beneficial owners is more accessible in legacy news media than in new, digital news media. We find no tradition for publishing “natural persons” possible affiliations to either political or other commercial interests. This seems especially relevant, as new digital news media outlets, unlike legacy media, sometimes are owned and funded by private investors, whose main business interests lie outside the news media and whose motives for owning a news media may differ from traditional ownership thus leading to a risk of media capture by ownership.

A scoping review and bibliometric analysis of educational research on water literacy and water education

This paper presents a scoping review of the international academic research literature on water literacy and water education, including its implementation in both formal and non-formal education. The review was conducted through various analyses to examine global trends using bibliometric analysis. Metadata from eight databases (Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Dimensions, Lens, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ERIC, and Google Scholar) were integrated. The analysis of documents involves examining publication numbers, authors involved, publisher sources, and origin of publications. The research literature is categorized into surveys and interventions in water education. Surveys focus on water literacy, educational measurement, and educational development including teacher education. Analysis of interventions in water education identified learning activities and programs, educational media types, and suggested topics. From the review a framework for incorporating water education in science education through community-based experiential learning is derived.

Good Practices Pemanfaatan Media Internet dan Media Sosial dalam Pembelajaran

Learning media is very important as a means of describing information and the essence of the learning process. Learning media provides benefits so that students more quickly understand the essentials of learning objectives that have been well designed. In the current technology and information-based era, the development of media that supports technology-based or digital learning processes has been very massive. The aim of this study is to identify best practices in the use of technology and information used in learning media specifically related to the diversity of types of internet-based learning media that are already commonly used. The method used in this scientific work is qualitative analysis using literature review studies, namely collecting various sources of information from scientific journals, books, articles and so on. The results of this study are learning media using media. The internet and social media make it easier for educators to understand learning material better, besides that digital-based learning media can be studied repeatedly so that students understand the lesson material better. Types of internet-based learning media that have benefits for students include interactive multimedia, digital video and animation, podcasts, augmented reality and virtual reality, game based learning, and several other methods.

The Use of Learning Media In PAUD to Develop Children's Cognitive and Socio-Social Abilities

Early childhood is in the golden age so that cognitive and social aspects need to be improved so that the growth and development of children is optimal. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of learning media to improve children's cognitive and social aspects. This research is a descriptive qualitative research method using the library research method or literature research by reviewing written sources. The data source used is 15 journals for 5 years back. The library data collection method is carried out by reading, recording, and analyzing and then concluding the research material. The results showed that the learning process influenced the aspects of cognitive development and socio-social development of children. Media that affect the aspects of children's cognitive development on namely, dominoes, loose parts, traces media, numbers puzzles, uno cards, smart geometry boards, zoolofabets, powerpoint, and media made from natural materials. While the media that affect the aspects of children's socio-social development in the form of animated videos, hand dolls, smart roullete, and snake ladder clogs.