Medical Imaging Teaching Research Articles

Reform on diversified teaching of medical imaging

Discipline of medical imaging has developed very quickly,which play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical disease.According to the characteristics of medical imaging disciplines,we launched reform on teaching management,teaching methods,course content,teacher training and modes of teaching,examing and researching in an aim to improve medical imaging education standards. Key words: Medical imaging; Teaching reform; Diversification

A Head and Neck Simulator for Radiology and Radiotherapy

Phantoms are suitable tools to simulate body tissues and organs in radiology and radiation therapy. This study presents the development of a physical head and neck phantom and its radiological response for simulating brain pathology. The following features on the phantom are addressed and compared to human data: mass density, chemical composition, anatomical shape, computerized tomography images and Hounsfield Units. Mass attenuation and kerma coefficients of the synthetic phantom and normal tissues, as well as their deviations, were also investigated. Radiological experiments were performed, including brain tumors and subarachnoid hemorrhage simulations. Computerized tomography images of such pathologies in phantom and human were obtained. The anthropometric dimensions of the phantom present anatomical conformation similar to a human head and neck. Elemental weight percentages of the equivalent tissues match the human ones. Hounsfield Unit values of the main developed structures are presented, approaching human data. Kerma and mass attenuation coefficients spectra from human and phantom are presented, demonstrating smaller deviations in the radiological X-ray spectral domain. In conclusion, the phantom presented suitable normal and pathological radiological responses relative to those observed in humans. It may improve radiological protocols and education in medical imaging.

ImaSim, a software tool for basic education of medical x-ray imaging in radiotherapy and radiology

Introduction: X-ray imaging is an important part of medicine and plays a crucial role in radiotherapy. Education in this field is mostly limited to textbook teaching due to equipment restrictions. A novel simulation tool, ImaSim, for teaching the fundamentals of the x-ray imaging process based on ray-tracing is presented in this work. ImaSim is used interactively via a graphical user interface (GUI). Materials and methods: The software package covers the main x-ray based medical modalities: planar kilo voltage (kV), planar (portal) mega voltage (MV), fan beam computed tomography (CT) and cone beam CT (CBCT) imaging. The user can modify the photon source, object to be imaged and imaging setup with three-dimensional editors. Objects are currently obtained by combining blocks with variable shapes. The imaging of three-dimensional voxelized geometries is currently not implemented, but can be added in a later release. The program follows a ray-tracing approach, ignoring photon scatter in its current implementation. Simulations of a phantom CT scan were generated in ImaSim and were compared to measured data in terms of CT number accuracy. Spatial variations in the photon fluence and mean energy from an x-ray tube caused by the heel effect were estimated from ImaSim and Monte Carlo simulations and compared. Results: In this paper we describe ImaSim and provide two examples of its capabilities. CT numbers were found to agree within 36 Hounsfield Units (HU) for bone, which corresponds to a 2% attenuation coefficient difference. ImaSim reproduced the heel effect reasonably well when compared to Monte Carlo simulations. Discussion: An x-ray imaging simulation tool is made available for teaching and research purposes. ImaSim provides a means to facilitate the teaching of medical x-ray imaging.

Clinical application of PBL teaching in medical imaging education combined with PACS

Problem-based learning(PBL)brought many changes in the teaching model of medical education.This article explored the clinical application of PBL combined with picture archiving communicate system(PACS)in medical imaging education.Through comparing the results before and after periodic study,PBL was verified to motivate the students'learning interest.Enthusiasm of autonomic learning and problem analysis ability of students increased evidently,which provided a substantial basis for continued learning. Key words: Medical education; Problem-based learning; Picture archiving communicate system; Educational technology

Application of‘index’teaching method in practical teaching of medical imaging

Objective To investigate the teaching effect of‘index’teaching method used in practical teaching of the medical imaging.Methods A total of 178 medical undergraduates were selected this study,113 clinical medical students using‘index’teaching method were taken as experimental group while others 65 anesthesia medical students using traditional teaching method as control group.The teaching effect of‘index’teaching method was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively by practical test and questionnaire survey.Results The test scors of experimental group were(80.3±16.5),obviously higher than those of(71.3±25.8)in control group(P＜0.05),especially instudents with low scores.Conclusion The new teaching method had obvious advantages in culturing the thinking of imaging diagnosis and in improving the ability to solve clinical practical problems,the‘index’teaching method was more effective than traditional teaching method. Key words: Medical imaging; Practical teaching; Index; Teaching method

Educational technology in medical imaging education

AbstractPurpose: The emergence of digital technologies has created enthusiasm for their application to student learning. An evolving issue in medical imaging is how these technologies might be implemented within programs. Methods: A review of the literature was performed to explore applications and issues of educational technology in medical imaging Results: There are a range of applications for educational technology within medical imaging education however limitations do exist. Learners must be supported by the development of skills to utilise education technologies. The digital picture archival and communication environment presents an ideal opportunity to enhance student learning through interaction and engagement with images. Implementation of education technologies to support student placement activities is an area for future development provided equity of access is addressed. Conclusion: Education technologies have specific application to medical imaging education as part of a blended curriculum.

Application of PACS in the clinical teaching of medical imaging in the college of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Medical imaging is a medical discipline with strong practicality.Picture archiving and transmission system ( PACS ) provides a convenient and effective method for the clinical teaching of diagnostic imaging,especially for the students from the University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Applying PACS is more convenient to gain and manage typical images,more effective to study and teach individually and easier to probe novel method for medical imaging. Key words: Diagnostic imaging; Clinical teaching; Traditional chinese medicine; Picture archiving and communication system

Construction of multimedia database of medical imaging based on PACS/HIS

Medical imaging teaching depends on support from multimedia database which is constructed with image information provided by PACS/HIS ( Picture archiving and communication system/Hospital information system ).This paper evaluated construction,administration and application of the multimedia database,and illustrated the importance of PACS/HIS in construction of the database,as well as of the database in medical imaging teaching. Key words: Picture archiving and communication system; Medical imaging; Multimedia; Database

The use of new teaching method in practical teaching of the digestive system medical imaging

The authors use the method of combination of PBL teaching and clinic practicing in practical teaching of the digestive system medical imaging.The process is divided in four steps.This method can greatly improve the learning efficiency of the students and get good teaching result. Key words: Problem-based learning; Clinic practicing; Practical teaching

Building and application of digital teaching data base of medical imaging

This article utilizes the latest digitization development trend of medical imaging teaching to illustrate the value of digitization in medical imaging, which discusses the setting up meaning, establishing methods, management and application, etc. of digital teaching data base. Key words: Medical imaging; Digital teathing; Teaching data base

Pediatric Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses: A Digital Interactive Teaching File of Normal Anatomy, Variants, and Disease (Out of Print)

OPEN ACCESSDecember 6, 2009Pediatric Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses: A Digital Interactive Teaching File of Normal Anatomy, Variants, and Disease (Out of Print) Grace Phillips, MD, Angelisa Paladin, MD, Gisele Ishak, MD, Molly Raske, MD, Ed Weinberger, MD Grace Phillips, MD University of Washington School of Medicine Google Scholar More articles by this author , Angelisa Paladin, MD University of Washington School of Medicine Google Scholar More articles by this author , Gisele Ishak, MD University of Washington School of Medicine Google Scholar More articles by this author , Molly Raske, MD University of Washington School of Medicine Google Scholar More articles by this author , Ed Weinberger, MD University of Washington School of Medicine Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.1768 SectionsAboutAbstract ToolsDownload Citations ShareFacebookTwitterEmail AbstractAbstractImaging evaluation of the pediatric paranasal sinuses is complicated by complex 3D anatomy and frequent anatomical variations. While hard-copy atlases of the paranasal sinuses exist, these often show only a few selected images of relevant anatomical structures. To facilitate understanding of the imaging anatomy of the paranasal sinuses, we constructed this online, large-data-set, digital computerized tomography (CT) atlas that demonstrates the normal appearance of the paranasal sinuses at various ages throughout childhood, as well as five atlases (sphenoid, maxillary, ethmoid, frontal sinuses, and nasal cavity) that demonstrate color shading of the sinuses for a 15-year-old normal patient. In addition, we assembled a teaching file of CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cases comprised of entire imaging exams that show a variety of neoplastic, inflammatory/infectious, congenital, traumatic, and iatrogenic pathologies. Educational Objectives By using this resource, instructors should be able to: Teach anatomy of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity using a digital online CT atlas with color shading.Demonstrate CT and MRI examples of pathology (traumatic, neoplastic, congenital, inflammatory/infectious, iatrogenic) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Sign up for the latest publications from MedEdPORTAL Add your email below FILES INCLUDEDReferencesRelatedDetails FILES INCLUDED Included in this publication: ParanasalSinus Atlas.msi To view all publication components, extract (i.e., unzip) them from the downloaded .zip file. Download editor’s noteThis publication may contain technology or a display format that is no longer in use. Copyright & Permissions© 2009 Phillips et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives license.KeywordsTraumatic Carotid-Cavernous Sinus FistulaSinus InfectionSinus TumorsCongenital Sinus VariantsCT AtlasNasal CavitySinus TraumaParanasal Disclosures None to report. Funding/Support This work was partially supported by the Clifford A. Garl Radiology and Medical Imaging Education Fund. Prior Presentations Phillips GS, Ishak G, Raske M, Paladin A, Weinberger E. Pediatric nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: an online digital interactive CT/MR teaching file of normal anatomy, variants, and disease. Presented at: Radiologic Society of North America (RSNA) 93rd Annual Meeting; November 25–30, 2007; Chicago, IL. Loading ...

Interobserver reproducibility in the interpretation of 99mTc-labelled white blood cell scintigraphic images

This study was performed to investigate the interobserver reproducibility of the interpretation of Tc-labelled white blood cell scans combined or not with other nuclear medicine procedures. Twenty nuclear medicine physicians working in Belgium received clinical data and scintigraphic images from 10 patients suspected of suffering from various infectious diseases. They had to choose, for each patient, one answer among 'high probability', 'intermediate probability' and 'low probability' of infection. In a first step the level of agreement, defined as the highest percentage obtained among the three proposed answers, was calculated for each case; complete agreement was arbitrarily defined when 80% or more of the observers gave the same answer. In a second step, a numerical score was given for each answer and for each observer. The scores were defined as 0 for the 'low probability' answer, 1 for the 'intermediate probability' and 2 for the 'high probability' answer. The scores of each observer were summed up allowing obtaining of a cumulated score for each observer; observers were thereafter classified as a function of their own cumulated score. An agreement of 80% or more was observed only in three patients. The cumulated scores of the observers were between 4 and 16, demonstrating that some observers were more sensitive than others. Interobserver reproducibility in the interpretation of the white blood cell scan was poor; several factors could explain these results, the most frequent being both the poor specificity of the labelled white blood cell scan and different concepts in interpreting combined nuclear medicine procedures in several situations. As observers received the anonymized overall results, this study may have a favourable impact on continuing education in medical imaging.

TU‐E‐352‐02: Evolving Models of Medical Imaging Physics and Technology Education

TU‐E‐352‐02: Evolving Models of Medical Imaging Physics and Technology Education

An Imaging Roadmap for Biology Education: From Nanoparticles to Whole Organisms

Imaging techniques provide ways of knowing structure and function in biology at different scales. The multidisciplinary nature and rapid advancement of imaging sciences requires imaging education to begin early in the biology curriculum. Guided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap initiatives, we incorporated a nanoimaging, molecular imaging, and medical imaging teaching unit into three 1-h class periods of an introductory course on ways of knowing biology. Activities were derived from NIH Roadmap initiatives in nanomedicine, regenerative medicine, and nuclear medicine. The course materials we describe contributed positively to student learning gains in quantifying and interpreting images, in characterizing imaging methods that provide ways of knowing biological structure and function, and in understanding scale in biology and imaging. The NIH Roadmap provides a useful context to educate students about the multidisciplinary imaging continuum.

Challenges in medical imaging teaching

Australasian RadiologyVolume 51, Issue 4 p. 307-308 Challenges in medical imaging teaching R Cassumbhoy, R Cassumbhoy 1 Department of Radiology and 3Centre for Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and Departments of 2Radiology and 4Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author 1,2 WFE Lau, WFE Lau 1 Department of Radiology and 3Centre for Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and Departments of 2Radiology and 4Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author 1,2,3,4 R Cassumbhoy, R Cassumbhoy 1 Department of Radiology and 3Centre for Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and Departments of 2Radiology and 4Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author 1,2 WFE Lau, WFE Lau 1 Department of Radiology and 3Centre for Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and Departments of 2Radiology and 4Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author 1,2,3,4 First published: 12 July 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.2007.01744.xCitations: 2Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume51, Issue4August 2007Pages 307-308 RelatedInformation

Physics Education in Medical Imaging

Physics Education in Medical Imaging

Mobile Education in Medical Imaging

Mobile Education in Medical Imaging

An online interactive simulation system for medical imaging education

This report presents a recently developed web-based medical imaging simulation system for teaching students or other trainees who plan to work in the medical imaging field. The increased importance of computer and information technology widely applied to different imaging techniques in clinics and medical research necessitates a comprehensive medical imaging education program. A complete tutorial of simulations introducing popular imaging modalities, such as X-ray, MRI, CT, ultrasound and PET, forms an essential component of such an education. Internet technologies provide a vehicle to carry medical imaging education online. There exist a number of internet-based medical imaging hyper-books or online documentations. However, there are few providing interactive computational simulations. We focus on delivering knowledge of the physical principles and engineering implementation of medical imaging techniques through an interactive website environment. The online medical imaging simulation system presented in this report outlines basic principles underlying different imaging techniques and image processing algorithms and offers trainees an interactive virtual laboratory. For education purposes, this system aims to provide general understanding of each imaging modality with comprehensive explanations, ample illustrations and copious references as its thrust, rather than complex physics or detailed math. This report specifically describes the development of the tutorial for commonly used medical imaging modalities. An internet-accessible interface is used to simulate various imaging algorithms with user-adjustable parameters. The tutorial is under the MATLAB Web Server environment. Macromedia Director MX is used to develop interactive animations integrating theory with graphic-oriented simulations. HTML and JavaScript are used to enable a user to explore these modules online in a web browser. Numerous multiple choice questions, links and references for advanced study are provided in the tutorial for trainees to verify their understanding of each unit. It is expected that this tutorial will enhance medical imaging education, help trainees in subsequent analysis of image data, and form the basis for the development of more advanced technologies in the future.

Interobserver Reproducibility in the Interpretation of Bone Scans From Patients Suspected of Having Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

This work was undertaken to identify scintigraphic patterns obtained in patients suspected of having reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), now often referred to as complex regional pain syndrome, whose interpretations could be difficult. Ten patients had bone scans because of clinical suspicion of RSD in the lower legs. They were selected retrospectively to have a wide sample of scintigraphic patterns. The radionuclide images and a multiple-choice questionnaire were presented as a PowerPoint file that was sent electronically on the Internet to 54 Belgian nuclear medicine physicians. They had to determine whether the images were in favor of the diagnosis of RSD. Twenty-eight answers (52%) were received. There was near-complete interobserver agreement for perfectly normal scans, for scans showing diffuse uptake with enhancement of periarticular activity, and for scans showing only focal hyperactivity at the site of previous trauma. Results were more discordant when the hyperactivity was mild and when there was a diffuse hypoactivity, with or without focal hyperactivity. This study shows that using very simple methodology, it is possible to identify some scintigraphic patterns in which there is disagreement among observers and whose interpretations vary. As the results are returned to the participants, they can compare their own interpretations with those of their peers. This aspect could be useful in continuing education in medical imaging.

Clinical supervision: designing a model to enhance clinical learning for medical imaging students

Medical Imaging students work under the close supervision of qualified Medical Radiation Technologists (MRTs), or Radiographers. In the New Zealand setting, some MRTs are formally appointed as clinical tutors by an educational institution providing medical imaging education, while others are senior staff who have supervision and some aspects of assessment incorporated within their job role. This article proposes a model of clinical supervision that supports and extends medical imaging students at their clinical placement.The model includes discussion relating to modes, scope, boundaries and relationships within clinical supervision, and also outlines important aspects within the actual process of supervision. This includes teaching, assessment and feedback.The model maintains the importance of critical analysis, clinical reasoning and reflection within the supervision relationship. It focuses on a form of professional practice and teaching which encourages the development of professional, adaptable MRTs, who have the ability to incorporate principles and theories into their practice.