Media Tools Research Articles

Social Media Use in Primary and Secondary Education Institutions as a Communication Tool in the Framework of School Culture

The schools, as social institutions, form a unique school culture with their characteristics, shared values, and beliefs. The social foundations of education are closely related to the environment. One of the factors affecting school culture is communication with its environment as the school interacts with its environment. Schools realize institutional communication, which has an important place in their culture, through different tools. This study aims to determine the use of social media tools as a communication tool in primary and secondary education institutions within the framework of school culture. In the study, the use of social media tools in educational institutions was revealed in line with the opinions of school social media managers. Conducted with a case study approach by qualitative research methodology, the study group of the research was determined by maximum diversity sampling from purposeful sampling methods. The interviews were conducted with the participation of 18 school social media managers working in public schools at different levels and with different socioeconomic levels in Istanbul. Social media managers are teachers, and 15 of these teachers also have administrative duties (1 is a school principal, and 14 are vice principals) in the same school. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview form and analyzed using a content analysis approach. The results of the study revealed that schools prefer Instagram more frequently and that school social media managers use their social media accounts for sharing information and news and promoting the school. The ethical principles followed by schools in social media administration were collected in the categories of respecting personal rights and private life, sharing content related to the institution, compliance with the legislation, the posts reflecting the values, being shared with the decision of the commission, using Turkish correctly, and student and parent satisfaction. The participants stated that they strive to establish two-way communication with their followers in their social media accounts and that social media contributes to their organizations more frequently in terms of usefulness, advertising and promotion, and stakeholder satisfaction.

“Future Prospects of New Media in Higher Education: Advancements, Challenges, and Opportunities”

This paper delves into the outlook of new media in higher education, scrutinizing the advancements, hurdles, and possibilities that await. As digital technologies evolve swiftly, new media tools and platforms hold the promise of transforming teaching and learning in higher education establishments. The study discusses emerging trends such as virtual reality, augmented reality, artificial intelligence, mobile learning, and social media, and their potential impact on instructional methods, student engagement, and academic outcomes. It also addresses challenges like access, equity, privacy, and ethical considerations associated with integrating new media in higher education. Moreover, the paper explores the opportunities for collaboration, innovation, and personalized learning that new media can provide, offering insights into how institutions can prepare for the future by embracing these technologies

Shifting trends shaping content creation in media and newsrooms

This abstract is about content creation in media and newsrooms that includes a concise but accurate picture of the changes that are beginning. Primarily, we should recognize that the audience has turned to become the creator, which comes about as a result of the availability of social networks and this personal content consumption. Data analytics is one of the ways the media is used to serve different audience segments with content they can relate to. The article discusses substantive changes in news content creation patterns that media outlets and newsrooms gradually exhibit, particularly audience-centric approaches, multimedia storytelling, AI, authenticity, and community collaboration. The white paper explores the research and point of view on this matter, and it lays down the thought that converting to this new trend can be a tool for media to remain useful and effective in content production in the digital era.

The Effectiveness of Telegram as an Online Learning Media

Learning media is the main supporting factor that is needed to support the learning process, especially at this time which requires educators to design learning media as an innovation using online media. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of telegram as an online learning media and how important the telegram application is as an online learning media tool. Therefore, the teaching and learning process at this time really needs learning media in order to achieve good learning objectives and for the birth of a new generation that is more innovative and creative. Learning media at this time is very much including the telegram application, this telegram application is a technology application in the form of a chat feature that can be used as a learning media in online learning that can be used either via smartphone or desktop. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research with a literature approach related to the topic discussed. The results of this study explain how the effectiveness of the telegram application as an online learning media.

Government 2.0: Government-Citizen Engagement through Social Media in Pakistan

This study aims to analyze how the Pakistani public engages with e-government, particularly at the local government level. The research focuses on the social media tools utilized by selected institutions, their social media management practices, institutional policies, and the impact of their initiatives. The study highlights the limited responsiveness of Pakistanis towards e-government adoption. The study shows that Pakistani government institutions are increasingly using social media platforms to engage with the public, establish connections, and receive feedback. However, certain departments need to transition to online platforms, necessitating more digital integration. Government social media administrators include CEOs, regional directors, information officers, and media officers, highlighting the complexity of public sector social media management. The study indicates that numerous social media management departments use data to highlight teamwork but have fewer senior female officers. The most commonly used social media platforms by government agencies are Facebook, official websites, and WhatsApp. Meeting citizens' expectations requires addressing issues, responding to queries, and maximizing the potential of social media. However, despite the popularity of social media, residents still prefer contacting government entities by phone and in person. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of clear social media policies for government bodies. The study underscores the need for government institutions to adapt their social media strategies based on public preferences. The report suggests that standard operating procedures (SOPs), varied social media teams, and explicit government social media laws can help improve the situation. The study provides a reliable framework for future research and legislation on government-citizen social media engagement, although it primarily reflects government officials' viewpoints.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE 21ST CENTURY MEDIA LITERACY SKILLS SCALE, VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY

In this research, it was aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the opinions of high school students and teachers about 21st century media literacy skills. During the scale development process, an item pool of 32 items that provided content validity was created, after expert opinion, the number of items was reduced to 30 items in total, and the scale was applied to a total of 794 people for the first application of the scale development phase. The data obtained as a result of the first application were subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability studies. As a result of the analysis, a three-factor scale ("Being Aware and Paying Attention", "Being Informed" and "Ability to Use Media Tools") consisting of a total of 18 items was obtained, the validity and reliability of which were ensured. To test the suitability of the factor structure of the scale, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed by applying the scale to a total of 418 people. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that the factor structure (fit index values) of the scale was within the desired reference ranges. As a result of all analysis studies of the scale, a scale consisting of 16 items in total, whose validity and reliability have been sufficiently proven, has been developed and can be applied to high school students.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0759/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Sentiment analysis and change: a case study of evaluating user perceptions during international companies’ rebranding

The article presents a sentiment analysis of the process of rebranding international companies in Russia following their withdrawal from the local market after 24.02.2022. The comparative analysis of social media content related to two pairs of companies (McDonald’s / Vkusno I Tochka; Zara / Maag) showed different patterns of users’ sentiments about the change. This is a pioneering attempt to explore to what extent social media analysis methods and tools can shed light on rebranding processes. This research demonstrates the potential for conducting such types of studies, but also to highlight the still existing imperfections in terms of sentence-level opinion assessment, especially in non-English texts.

Ovarian cancer awareness of women in Turkey: A cross-sectional study.

Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer (OC) increases survival rates; however, due to low awareness levels, women may be diagnosed with OC at the advanced stage. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to reveal the OC awareness of Turkish women and affecting factors. Participants were invited to study via social media tools between February-June 2022. Data was collected with Personal Information Form and the "OC Awareness Scale" from 446 women. 81% of the participants did not recall OC symptoms, 80.8% recognized OC risk factors. The most frequently recalled and recognized OC symptom is pelvic pain (19.8%; 55.8%, respectively). The most frequently recalled and recognized OC risk factors were smoking (43.1%, 67.9%, respectively) and family history (39%, 58.7%, respectively). 2% of the participants felt very confident in recognizing the signs, 72.9% would seek help within 1-2 days when they recognized the signs of OC. The awareness of OC was higher among women who had advanced age, higher education, family history and were in menopause. Turkish women have low level of awareness and knowledge about OC symptoms and risk factors. There is an urgent need for an OC awareness campaign that takes into account the socio-demographic characteristics of women. The results of the study may also guide strategies to prevent OC.

The role of digital technologies in higher education institutions: The case of Kazakhstan

The ways of education development are changing, which is largely determined by the introduction of digital technologies and the desire to improve the efficiency of management of educational processes at universities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the challenges and opportunities in universities related to the use of digital technologies (social media tools, digital online platforms, digital learning platforms) in higher education institutions in Kazakhstan. A sample included respondents (N = 69) from 16 educational institutions in Kazakhstan that combined teaching (conducting training courses or working with students) and administrative management (management or planning of the educational process). The data were obtained using an offline questionnaire and processed using SWOT methodology. Representatives from 16 public and private universities responded to the questionnaire: the rector (2%) and two vice-rectors (3%), deans of faculties (23%), directors, and heads of various departments of universities (71%) were interviewed (managers are engaged in teaching). As a result, six thematic outcomes demonstrated the opportunities for technology application in education: enhancing management quality, motivation, access to electronic resources and materials, transparency and objectivity in grading, the possibility of implementing distance learning, and simplification of routine tasks. It is also noteworthy to mention five thematic outcomes as challenges, which encompassed issues with security, technical errors, reduced communication, dependency, and complexities in grading. AcknowledgmentsThe study was carried out within the framework of grant funding by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Modernization of the system of distribution relations and reduction of income inequality of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan” BR21882165.

Analysis of Digital Media Usage in Promoting Communication Skills in Early Childhood

Digital media has become an omnipresent element in the lives of young children. This study aims to analyze the usage of digital media in promoting communication skills in early childhood. The proliferation of smartphones, tablets, and other digital devices has revolutionized how children interact with information and communicate with others. However, concerns have been raised regarding the potential impact of excessive screen time on children's development, particularly in areas such as language acquisition and social skills. This research employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with parents and educators of children aged 2 to 6 years. Quantitative data will be gathered to examine the frequency and duration of digital media usage among young children, while qualitative insights will delve into the perceived benefits and drawbacks of digital media on communication skills development. Additionally, observations of children's interactions with digital media tools will provide contextual understanding. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the role of digital media in early childhood communication development. By identifying effective usage patterns and potential pitfalls, educators and parents can make informed decisions regarding the integration of digital media into early childhood education and upbringing. Ultimately, this research aims to inform strategies that leverage digital media to enhance rather than hinder communication skills in young children, ensuring their holistic development in today's digital age.

Artistic creativity, digital technologies and theatrical sustainability: Integrating new media in theatre practice

Arts and technology have continually been inter-related. Artistic expressions have been facilitated by technological innovations that enable artists either to adapt technologies meant for other purposes, or to invent them as a way to foster the creative process. The evolution of digital technologies in the knowledge era has had a huge impact on the theatre profession, in which digital transformation has influenced the ways theatrical contents are created, presented, distributed and circulated to audiences. This article examines technological advances of the digital era and their impact on the performing arts/the theatre. Relying on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study argues that new technologies and media enable the creation of new forms of arts that stimulate radical changes in the distribution channels of cultural and creative products (CCPs) based on their digitalisation and dematerialisation. The study finds that digitalisation provides creative artists with new tools and means of artistic expression. Indeed, digitalisation enhances and inspires not only the creation of new art forms but also the presentation of traditional arts by enabling multimedia experiences and interactivity. The paper recommends that, given the reality of globalisation and its concomitant emergence of virtual communities, theatrical performances must adopt new media tools in terms of content creation, exhibition and distribution, to remain functional.

The Development of Augmented Reality As English Learning Media in Junior High School

The existence of learning media on various platforms provides variety and assistance for teachers in delivering learning materials. Not much has been developed in educational media compared to entertainment media such as gaming, films, songs, dance, and music. Educational media need to be packaged in a simple, effective, and efficient manner and respond to the needs of today’s students. In the context of the world of learning English at the junior high school level, learning media is needed as an effort to provide real experience in terms of honing English communication skills. Augmented Reality is one of the media that is able to bridge the needs of students, namely making abstract learning experiences feel concrete. Therefore, this research aims to design learning media for junior high school English on the basis of Augmented Reality with content containing stories from North Sumatra. The research method applied in this study is Research & Development. Data acquisition techniques used were documentation, questionnaires, interviews, and tests which were applied in accordance with nine research stages, namely: (1) identification and analysis of media needs; (2) collection of media materials and tools; (3) development of media prototype designs; (4) implementation media prototype; (5) media prototype validation; (6) media prototype revision; (7) media trial on junior high school students; (8) final revision; and (9) media prototype that has been tested. The final result of this study contains AR in the form of flash cards. AR markers are printed on cards and students only focus their smartphone cameras on markers that have been printed in card form. After the camera has successfully scanned the marker, a learning video will appear. There are five cards (markers) in this study, and each card will play a different learning video.
 Keywords: augmented reality, media, English, junior high school

Lark: As a Medium of Interpersonal Communication for TNS Employees to Manage Work Stress Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic

Working from home (WFH) during the community activity restrictions period (PPKM), such as those imposed by Indonesia’s government, leaves employees with little choice in dealing with work stress. Lark is a collaborative working media tool, during work from home all communication in TNS department took place in Lark. This study's importance is to see how Lark basically a formal working media tool can form an interpersonal communication between woman employees that help them to manage work stress during WFH and PPKM period. Since the trend of working from home is likely to continue even after pandemic, this research provides contribution and information related to communication tools and work from home consequences.The theory for this research is Computer-mediated Communication and Social Information Processing Theory (SIPT). This research method employs a qualitative approach through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and library study. This study finds that implementing WFH during the Covid-19 period resulted in heightened work stress among female employees in TNS Department. It was observed that sharing work-related burdens with coworkers proved to be effective in reducing work stress. Interestingly, sharing witha coworker was considered more beneficial than sharing with a spouse or family. Lark application which serves as a working media tool turns out can facilitate interpersonal communication among female employees. The application's instant messenger, phone call, and expressive emoji make it convenient for employees to share their concerns and stress, as compared to using video conferences.

Multimodal Anthropology

In recent years, there has been an enthusiastic call for the use of multimodal methods in anthropological research, largely inspired by the democratization of media production technologies. This initial excitement for multimodal methods has been closely followed by an ambivalence when digital media tools often fall short of creating the hoped-for social and political change. This entry deals with the potentials and limits of multimodal methods in anthropology, focusing in particular on the contributions of feminist anthropologists.

Student Skills in Operating CorelDraw 2020 Application on Class XI DKV SMKN 4 Samarinda

This research is descriptive qualitative in nature and was conducted during the 2023/2024 academic year on the topic of operating CorelDraw 2020. The subjects of this study were 34 students from class XI DKV 2. The object of the research was the students' skills in operating CorelDraw 2020, categorizing them as very skilled, skilled, or less skilled. The research activities included observation, practical tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques involved data reduction, data presentation, and triangulation. Based on the research results and discussions, it can be concluded that the skills of class XI students at SMK Negeri 4 Samarinda in practicing exercises related to operating CorelDraw 2020 are generally skilled. Specifically, it was found that 11 students were very skilled, 13 students were skilled, and 10 students were less skilled in operating CorelDraw 2020. Factors contributing to the less skilled performance of some students include a lack of active participation in lessons, not following the teacher's demonstration steps, and not actively asking questions or taking notes on the material. On the other hand, the factors contributing to the skilled performance of students include regularly reviewing lesson materials at home and using tutorial videos for learning. Generally, students struggled with tasks such as managing outlines, combining objects, inserting objects using PowerClip Inside, positioning objects with shortcuts, using the Artistic Media tool, trimming objects using other objects, and using LiveSketch.

The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Social Media Advertising Perception

Changing technological conditions are reflected in our lifestyles and online shopping has become more common day by day. In this case, social media tools used sparingly have become a powerful marketing tool. The combination of advertising is the theory of communication and is done with the aim of making them take the purchasing action. The motivation that forms the beginning of purchasing is heavily influenced by emotions. The concept of emotional intelligence, which is becoming more important day by day, has achieved the success it deserves within the discipline.
 The purpose of this study is to measure whether emotional intelligence has an impact on marketing or prospective customers' perceptions of advertisements they have observed on social media. Depending on the situation of the study, it has been observed that emotional intelligence has a statistically significant effect on social media advertising perception.

Design of Split AC-Based Central Equipment as a Learning Media Tool in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering Courses

Education is a humanistic process, and its implementation increases students’ competence in higher education. The emphasis on increasing competence is explained through the performance of the Kurikulum Merdeka (Independent Curriculum). This research highlights the need for effective learning media, especially in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering courses, which include an understanding of Air Conditioning Systems (ACS). This course curriculum aims to provide a sense of Air Conditioning (AC), including Central AC. However, a lack of learning media in the laboratory requires cadets to visit the nearest airport for practicum. This research aims to design an innovation in creating central equipment learning media designs based on Split AC. This quantitative research method was conducted, with data collection through observation, literature study, questionnaires, and Likert scale analysis. The author determined the population of the Airport Engineering Technology Study Program cadets at the 3rd Batch of the Politeknik Penerbangan Palembang, totaling 22 cadets. This research uses purposive judgment sampling or sampling with purpose or consideration because cadets are considered to understand the problem to be studied. The questionnaire results showed a high need for learning media development, with a mark of 82.3%. Therefore, developing this learning medium is needed to increase cadets’ understanding and competence in refrigeration and air conditioning engineering courses.

Followers' Reception of Anies Baswedan's Image on the @pinterpolitik Social Media Account

Instagram has developed into a media tool in political dynamics. Political content on Instagram can build opinions for media audiences (followers) who access it, so followers become strategic targets for receiving political messages through constructed content. This study aims to describe the followers' reception of Anies Baswedan's image as a 2024 presidential candidate on the @pinterpolitik account. This research method uses a qualitative approach with an interpretative paradigm. Data analysis is used to conclude the reception of @pinterpolitik account followers. The data collection technique uses the in-depth interview method. Informants were selected based on the @pinterpolitik followers who are university students. Reception analysis is used to determine the implications of research subjects for messages in mass media. Stuart Hall's decoding and encoding theory divides followers' positions into three categories to find reception patterns: dominant-hegemonic, negotiation, and opposition. The results of this study show that informants who are followers are in a dominant hegemonic position in receiving information about Anies Baswedan on the @pinterpolitik account. This tendency to gather information from the account is based on their trust in the independence of the @pinterpolitik account in disseminating information. Moreover, every information disseminated has valid and accountable sources and data. Based on the assessment based on information on the @pinterpolitik account, Anies Baswedan's image is positively assessed as an intellectual individual, organized rhetoric, narrating according to data, and a religious individual.

#Fail: the quality and accuracy of nutrition-related information by influential Australian Instagram accounts

BackgroundSocial media is a popular source of information about food and nutrition. There is a high degree of inaccurate and poor-quality nutrition-related information present online. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and accuracy of nutrition-related information posted by popular Australian Instagram accounts and examine trends in quality and accuracy based on author, topic, post engagement, account verification and number of followers.MethodsA sample of posts by Australian Instagram accounts with ≥ 100,000 followers who primarily posted about nutrition was collected between September 2020 and September 2021. Posts containing nutrition-related information were evaluated to determine the quality and accuracy of the information. Quality was assessed using the Principles for Health-Related Information on Social Media tool and accuracy was assessed against information contained in the Australian Dietary Guidelines, Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition database, Nutrient Reference Values and Metafact.ResultsA total of 676 posts were evaluated for quality and 510 posts for accuracy, originating from 47 Instagram accounts. Overall, 34.8% of posts were classified as being of poor quality, 59.2% mediocre, 6.1% good and no posts were of excellent quality. A total of 44.7% of posts contained inaccuracies. Posts authored by nutritionists or dietitians were associated with higher quality scores (β, 17.8, CI 13.94–21.65; P < 0.001) and higher accuracy scores (OR 4.69, CI 1.81–12.14, P = 0.001) compared to brands and other accounts. Information about supplements was of lower accuracy (OR 0.23, CI 0.10–0.51, P < 0.001) compared to information about weight loss and other nutrition topics. Engagement tended to be higher for posts of lower quality (β -0.59, P = 0.012), as did engagement rate (β -0.57, P = 0.016). There was no relationship between followers or account verification and information quality or accuracy and no relationship between engagement and accuracy.ConclusionsNutrition-related information published by influential Australian Instagram accounts is often inaccurate and of suboptimal quality. Information about supplements and posts by brand accounts is of the lowest quality and accuracy and information posted by nutritionists and dietitians is of a higher standard. Instagram users are at risk of being misinformed when engaging with Australian Instagram content for information about nutrition.

Short-Form Videos as an Emerging Social Media Tool for STEM Edutainment

Short-Form Videos as an Emerging Social Media Tool for STEM Edutainment