Use In Media Research Articles

Active bystandership by youth in the digital era: Microintervention strategies for responding to social media-based microaggressions and cyberbullying.

Microaggressions are intentional or unintentional slights, insults, invalidations, and offensive behaviors that communicate hostile or derogatory messages to minoritized populations. When microaggressions cross over to social media, they can be considered a form of cyberbullying, which occurs over digital devices and harms, threatens, undermines, or socially excludes others. Microaggressions and cyberbullying have adverse mental health outcomes for racial and cultural minority youth, and there is an urgent need for practical strategies youth can use online to interrupt and disarm negative and harmful social media content. We used a multimethod approach to critically appraise and adapt Sue et al.'s (2019) microinterventions framework for use on social media with youth bystanders. Our analysis found high compatibility between microinterventions and youth bystander research, supporting transferability to social media for use with youth. Relevant adaptations include incorporating strategies that promote cognitive appraisal, cognitive empathy, education via social media, and use of social media features for external support. Using a social media microaggression example for each of the four microinterventions, we provide concrete tactics and example social media posts that youth can use when they come across insulting or offensive commentary online. The resulting framework offers a promising set of theory and research-informed strategies ready for further testing and refinement. When validated and refined, these microinterventions could be used as stand-alone strategies and/or incorporated into existing cyberbullying prevention or media literacy programs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Academics with disabilities during transformation to a New African University in South Africa

The idea of transformation to a ‘new African university’ has become topical in contemporary African education scholarship. Whilst it is claimed that the process seeks to include all stakeholders, academics with disabilities are excluded because of discourses and dynamics in Africa’s higher education that have remained deeply embedded in Eurocentric thinking and mind-set. This paper applied Critical Disability Theory to analyse the challenges that face academics with disabilities in the areas of teaching, research, community engagement and doctoral supervision in South African higher education and that must be appropriately and adequately addressed for a successful transformation to a “‘new’ African University”. Data were collected through an analysis of South African literature on exclusion of students with disabilities as research, community engagement and supervision are regarded as a continuum and involve both students and the academics. Findings revealed that academics with disabilities are confronted with specific challenges similar to those faced by students with disabilities, as they all function within the same context during transformation to a ‘new African university’. The challenges are inaccessible physical environment, negative attitudes from the community members, impairment-related disadvantages, lack of adequate funding and lack of adequate media for use, which all compound to limit their functioning like their able-bodied counterparts. Including the voice of academics with disabilities in disability policy was proposed as a way to alleviate the challenges they confront enabling them to contribute positively to scholarship and thus affirm the transformation to a new African University

Inhibition of Aspergillus carbonarius growth and Ochratoxin A production using lactic acid bacteria cultivated in an optimized medium

The Gram-positive bacteria lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used in the food industry but are also known for inhibiting certain food spoilage microorganisms, especially fungi. Sources of nitrogen (N) for culture media are generally organic and expensive. Many attempts have been made to formulate economical culture media with alternative N sources obtained from agricultural and industrial byproducts. This study describes the design and optimization of an inexpensive culture medium for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) MZ809351 strain B31. The culture medium was optimized using statistical experimental designs to identify the factors with the most significant effects on biomass concentration to reduce the overall cost, aiming to obtain a biomass concentration similar to that obtained with the reference LAB culture medium (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe; MRS). Sodium acetate and magnesium sulfate were the most significant factors (p < 0.005), and their contents were reduced by 22 % and 40 %, respectively, without affecting biomass concentration. Malt germ extract (MGE) was used as an alternative nitrogen source to replace meat extract (ME) and proteose peptone (PP). Through these experiments, the composition of a culture medium that is less expensive than MRS broth was defined, which produced a biomass concentration (3.8 g/L) similar to that obtained with MRS medium. The inhibitory effects of two LAB strains isolated from the Ivory Coast and Mexico on the growth and production of ochratoxin A (OTA) in an ochratoxigenic fungus was tested. The minimum cellular concentration of the LAB to prevent the development of Aspergillus carbonarius Ac 089 and the production of OTA was determined in a model assay in Petri dishes. The conditions to inhibit the germination of A. carbonarius Ac 089 and the production of OTA were found. Using the optimized medium and a ratio of 2 × 104 LAB/spore (1 × 108 CFU/mL) strain B7 (L. plantarum MZ809351) and 2 × 103 LAB/spore (1 × 107 CFU/mL) strain B31 (L. plantarum MN922335) completely inhibited the growth of the fungus. A ratio of 2 × 105 LAB/spore (1 × 109 CFU/mL) was required to inhibit OTA production with strains B7 and B31. This study indicates the potential of cultivating LAB in an optimized and inexpensive culture medium for use as a biological control agent against ochratoxigenic fungi in food.

Boron monosulfide as an electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction

The current energy crisis and environmental problems associated with the use of fossil fuels necessitate a transition to clean and sustainable energy carriers like hydrogen produced by electrocatalytic water splitting. Hence, the development of robust, low-cost, and high-performance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts has attracted considerable attention. Herein, an OER electrocatalyst for use in alkaline media is prepared by hybridising rhombohedral boron monosulfide with graphene to provide electronic conductivity. The catalytic activity of the electrocatalyst (overpotential of 250 mV at 10 mA cm−2) is higher than those of most previously reported counterparts. Our results pave the way for the design of electrocatalysts composed of abundant elements with a wide range of applications in renewable energy devices.

Society of Family Planning Committee Statement: Abortion nomenclature

Models of abortion care are continually evolving and expanding. Historically, advocates, lawyers, journalists, clinicians, and researchers have used a variety of terms to refer to different types of abortion. In 2004, Weitz and colleagues published an editorial laying out the need to develop consensus on standard terms because, “the terminology used to describe abortion procedures influences political, legislative and medical institutions” [ [1] Weitz T.A. Foster A. Ellertson C. Grossman D. Stewart F.H. “Medical” and “surgical” abortion: rethinking the modifiers. Contraception. 2004; 69: 77-78 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (32) Google Scholar ]. Standardization of abortion nomenclature and terms used to refer to different types of abortion will increase uniformity and accuracy in communication about abortion care. The Society of Family Planning’s recommendation is to use the terms medication abortion and procedural abortion for common use in clinical guidance, journal articles, print materials, websites, media, advocacy, policy briefs, and other communication about abortion care. These recommendations align with recommendations from several other organizations including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [ [2] Heuser C.C. Sagaser K.G. Christensen E.A. Johnson C.T. Lappen J.R. Horvath S. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: A critical examination of abortion terminology as it relates to access and quality of care. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2023; 228: B2-B7https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2022.12.302 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (1) Google Scholar ], the Society of Maternal-Fetal Medicine [ [3] American College of Obstetricians and GynecologistsGuide to Language and Abortion. 2022; : 1-2 Google Scholar ], and the COMS Project [ [4] COMS ProjectAbortion Terminology Recommendations. 2023; : 1 Google Scholar ]. We recognize the importance of language and its role in providing access to care that is both equitable and that centers the patient experience. We also recognize that language is complex and nuanced. We encourage medical societies and others in sexual and reproductive health, rights, and justice fields, to use these terms, while also inviting discussion and continued research on the optimal approach to abortion nomenclature.

On the Historical Breadth of Australian National Security

This article details the use of the phrase ‘national security’ in political and public discourse around the time of Australia’s Federation (1881–1921). It finds that while it was not present in policy or legislation until later, the phrase enjoyed noteworthy use in political debates and news media during the early Federal period. Further, the article finds that while military and defensive concerns were a common consideration of this early ‘national security’, there also existed a strong economic and social element, prefiguring the ‘broadening’ of security following the Cold War.

The image ratios for designing cute nonhuman anthropomorphic characters

Nonhuman anthropomorphic characters have found wide use in various entertainment media, particularly animations, comic books, and games, and the designs of these characters are becoming increasingly diverse. This study employed the baby schema concept to explore the eye, mouth, head, body, and limb designs and body proportions of nonhuman anthropomorphic characters, all of which influence their image styles. The study examined the appearances of popular, cute nonhuman characters to identify the design rationale for various image styles. The relationship between cute nonhuman characters and their images of cuteness was explored in two stages. First, the study conducted a focus group interview and cluster analysis to identify five popular styles of cuteness, namely, innocent, childlike, funny, energetic, and ridiculous. Subsequently, the study administered a questionnaire and obtained 200 valid responses. The results indicated that the five image styles feature unique eye and mouth characteristics and distinct head-to-body and limb proportions. The design rationale for each identified image style of nonhuman characters provides a reference for designing exceptional characters that exemplify various trends of cuteness, which, thereby, enables businesses to seize the market opportunities created by emerging entertainment media industries.

Why we need complexity: A conversation with AI

Complexity theory provides a framework for understanding intricate systems and their interactions. Its use in media and communication is relatively recent and has been used for examining, for instance, the spread of online communication, the formation of public opinions and the development of misinformation. Building on the concept of VUCA, this article outlines the emerging field of ‘complexity communication’. In a light-hearted experiment, we turned to the lately introduced artificial intelligence (AI) agent, ChatGPT, to ask what it knew about complexity thinking in contemporary communication practice. We found that the AI accepted the global environment was characterized by volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, and these had transformed the field of communication, both for academics and professionals. It identified a range of complexity-based concepts relevant to communication but not specifically designed for communication situations. It struggled to find any extant practical strategies for complexity communication. This relative lack of bespoke concepts and applied knowledge on managing unpredictable situations indicates an urgent need for the development of complexity thinking in communication.

To assess the frequency of antibiotic use through internet and social media among people visiting Rawal Institute of Health Sciences.

Objective: To assess the frequency of antibiotic use through internet and social media among the people visiting Rawal institute of health sciences. To assess knowledge about antibiotics and to explore role of internet search engines and social media for accessing information regarding antibiotic use. Study Design: Cross-sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Rawal Institute of health sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. Period: June 2019 to September 2019. Material &amp; Methods: A was study carried to find out the role of internet and social media for use of antibiotics through a structured questionnaire from 150 people visiting RIHS. Sampling was done through non probability convenient sampling method. Response rate was 100%. Results: The data of 150 participants showed 92% have used antibiotics in their life time, of those 92% (n=138) participants, 26 %( n=39) have used them through prescription, 30% (n=45) have done self-medication, 19% (n=29) have used social media for medication. 91% think that information regarding use of antibiotics can be spread through internet and social media. Conclusion: The results conclude that social media and internet related antibiotic sales is contributing a substantial share. Majority of the participant also think that internet and social media are the best source to spread information for safe use. National guidelines should be devised for appropriate information seeking and communication interventions can be done using internet and social media.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP IPS SISWA MELALUI MEDIA GAME INTERAKTIF WORDWALL

&#x0D; In the era of the 4.0 revolution, technology is developing very rapidly, so it is necessary for a teacher to create creative, innovative and fun learning media. This study aims to increase students' learning motivation and understanding of social studies concepts by using wordwall interactive game media. The research used was classroom action research, using three cycles, namely cycle I, cycle II, and cycle III and involving 6 Class V students at SDN Ngaglik 2 as objects. The data needed are the results of observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation such as documents of student learning outcomes. The results of this study prove that using wordwall interactive game media can increase students' learning motivation and understanding of social studies concepts. This can be proven by the learning outcomes obtained by students in social studies subject matter of economic activity which increases in each cycle. This research can also assist teachers in improving the quality of education in schools and increasing teacher competence in creating learning media, besides that teachers can also apply the wordwall interactive game media as an innovative medium for use in the learning process.

Plasma Surface Modification of PDMS-Glass Microfluidic Chips for Oil Recovery Studies

Wetting hysteresis is the most important characteristic of microfluidic chips for modeling multiphase flows in rocks, including for oil production problems. Plasma modification of surface wetting characteristics is well studied, but there is a problem of stabilizing the resulting surface for use in a liquid hydrocarbon media. In this work, a simple and accessible technology for modifying the surface of PDMS and glass using a dielectric barrier discharge in a chamber based on the d’Arsonval apparatus has been developed. The surface wetting hysteresis for PDMS and glass was studied as a function of the plasma treatment time. It is shown that with the help of plasma treatment it is possible to change the wetting angles of the walls of microfluidic chips in a very wide range, thereby simulating the conditions of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic rocks. At the same time, PDMS has the widest possible range of changes in the wetting angle; the advancing contact angle decreases from 120° to 10°; receding contact angle—from 70° to 0° during plasma treatment. It has been shown that plasma treatment of a microfluidic chip, together with a 30 min primary extraction with oil and salt water, leads to a significant change in the wetting characteristics of its surface. This in total leads to an increase in the oil displacement efficiency from the chip by about 10%. In general, the results of the study showed that plasma surface treatment for the hydrophilization of microfluidic chips is a simple and affordable technology for controlling the wetting characteristics of microfluidic chips. PDMS in this case is a promising material.

Study of Vermicomposting with Coirpith,Eggshell, Vegetable Waste and Onion Peel

Vermicomposting the conversion of organic waste into vermicompost, is mediated by thecombined action of earthworms and microorganisms. This interesting and attractive alternative to composting turns organic waste into a substrate that can be used as a soil amendment and as a growing medium for use in horticulture. Soil not required in vermicomposting as the organic matter acts as both the substrate the food, and therefore only epigeic earthworms can be used in the process. Vermicompost is nutrient-rich casts generated by the earthworms that can be used as biofertilizers.

Vermicomposting of organic wastes by using Eudrilus eugeniae earthworm

Vermicomposting the conversion of organic waste into vermicompost, is mediated by the combined action of earthworms and microorganisms. This interesting and attractive alternative to composting turns organic waste into a substrate that can be used as a soil amendment and as a growing medium for use in horticulture. Soil not required in vermicomposting as the organic matter acts as both the substrate the food, and therefore only epigeic earthworms can be used in the process. Vermicompost is nutrient-rich casts generated by the earthworms that can be used as biofertilizers.

Mn atomic clusters and Fe nanoparticles in-situ confined nitrogen carbon nanotubes for efficient and durable ORR electrocatalysts in both alkaline and acidic media

Developing robust and durable nonprecious metal ORR electrocatalysts for use in both alkaline and acidic media is still challenging. Herein, highly dispersed Mn atomic clusters and standalone Fe nanoparticles dual-sites in-situ confined nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (Mn-Fe@NCNTs) were fabricated via a facile one-step process of high-temperature calcination and simultaneous chemical vapor deposition. The resultant Mn-Fe@NCNTs catalysts exhibited excellent ORR catalytic activity and durability in both alkaline and acidic media due to the special constitute and structure, which not only provided abundant active sites and defects, good electronic conductivity and effective electron transfer, but also enhanced the corrosion resistance and decreased the Fenton reactivity of the catalyst. In 0.1 M KOH solution, the half-wave potential of Mn-Fe@NCNTs is 0.872 V, more positive than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst (E1/2 = 0.835 V) and many other previously reported NCNTs based non-precious metal ORR electrocatalysts. While in 0.1 M HClO4 solution, Mn-Fe@NCNTs exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.760 V, only 60 mV negative shift compared to the Pt/C catalyst. Furthermore, the as-prepared catalysts exhibit much higher stability, with much lower current attenuation and smaller shift of the ORR polarization curves after continuous chronoamperometric testing for 29,000 s and continuous CV test for 5,000 cycles, than those of Pt/C in both alkaline and acidic solutions. When applied in Zn-air batteries for testing, the Mn-Fe@NCNTs electrocatalysts are obviously outperforming the commercial Pt/C with higher specific capacity of 774.0 mAh g−1Zn and power density of 139.2 mW cm−2. This study offers a facile and instructive protocol for developing low-cost and high-efficiency electrocatalysts to be applied in fuel cells, metal-air cells and many other clean electrochemical storage devices.

Pengembangan Video Animasi Vtuber pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Siswa SMP Kelas VIII Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023

This study aims to describe the steps for developing Vtuber animated video learning media, test the feasibility of media for use, and students' responses to media. This research is a part of research and development (R&amp;D) using the multimedia development method proposed by Luther based on 6 stages of development. The data collection techniques carried out are interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The subjects in this study were students of classes VIII A and VIII B of SMP Negeri 9 Serang City. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical techniques. Media experts and material experts carry out validation tests to determine the feasibility of the media. The results showed that the Vtuber interactive animated video learning media received a percentage score of 82.5% with the criteria "Very Feasible" by Media Experts and a percentage of 84% with the criteria of "Very Feasible" by Material Experts. Overall, the average result of the percentage gain for media eligibility by media experts and material experts was 83.25%, so as to get the "Very Feasible" criterion. And the results of the trial on 65 students as respondents obtained a percentage score of 84.26% with the criterion "Strongly Agree" from all four aspects of the student response questionnaire. From the results of validation and student response, the development of Vtuber animation media can be used for the learning process Indonesian with the theme of poetry.

Prediction of pore-scale flow in heterogeneous porous media from periodic structures using deep learning

Data-driven deep learning models are emerging as a promising method for characterizing pore-scale flow through complex porous media while requiring minimal computational power. However, previous models often require extensive computation to simulate flow through synthetic porous media for use as training data. We propose a convolutional neural network trained solely on periodic unit cells to predict pore-scale velocity fields of complex heterogeneous porous media from binary images without the need for further image processing. Our model is trained using a range of simple and complex unit cells that can be obtained analytically or numerically at a low computational cost. Our results show that the model accurately predicts the permeability and pore-scale flow characteristics of synthetic porous media and real reticulated foams. We significantly improve the convergence of numerical simulations by using the predictions from our model as initial guesses. Our approach addresses the limitations of previous models and improves computational efficiency, enabling the rigorous characterization of large batches of complex heterogeneous porous media for a variety of engineering applications.

An investigation of the relationship between mobile phone use in social media and college student anxiety

With the development of technology, the use of social platforms is becoming more and more common. People have very different views on social media, some think it is a good tool to help us maintain social interaction, while, others think that social media has too many negative effects that weigh out its positive effects. College students are a large part of the population that uses social media. In this paper, the author uses a literature study to investigate the previous literature and tries to find the relationship between college students' social media use and their anxiety level. The study aims to help the college student population address social anxiety-related issues. The results of the study did not find a strong positive or negative relationship between social media use and anxiety level among college students. However, the study found that the three negative effects of social media use did increase social anxiety levels among college students.

Animal Protection in Filming in the Context of Spain

Animals have fundamentally contributed to the development and growth of different cinematographic and audiovisual activities. As established in article 13 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), the basic text that establishes the objectives of the EU and from which the regulations or directives emanate, animal welfare is protected for the good of the general interest and therefore, must be taken into account when developing different European Union policies, especially those that may affect the internal market. This work aims to analyze each of the European regulations on animal protection and welfare to subsequently focus on each of the animal protection codes of the different countries of the union, trying to determine those premises related to the protection or the welfare of the animals that participate in these types of activities. We also wanted to make a brief comparison with countries such as the United Kingdom (UK) or the United States of America (USA), which are highly relevant to this topic. As a result of this analysis, the absence of standardized norms in the European Union has been revealed; however, in the UK and the USA, specific laws related to animal use in film media exist. Therefore, to develop new standards that guarantee the protection of animals in audiovisual productions in the EU are necessary, and these standards could also be expanded to other sectors or activities related to working animals.

Анализ причин образования дефектов заготовок из стали 12x18h10t и разработка рекомендаций по их устранению

Introdution. Austenitic steel (e.g., AISI 304, AISI 321, AISI 316, AISI 403, 12-Cr18-Ni10-Ti, etc.) is widespread, which is caused by high corrosion resistance and the corresponding possibility of use in aggressive media. The following most common types of 12-Cr18-Ni10-Ti steel defects can be distinguished: integranular corrosion, martensitic orientation of the α-phase and ferrite δ-phase. The purpose of work: to analyze the defects formation reasons of the 12-Cr18-Ni10-Ti steel grade billets and to develop recommendations for their elimination. The methods of investigation. Tests of 12-Cr18-Ni10-Ti steel samples for resistance to integranular corrosion, metallographic analysis of defects were carried out in this work. Hardness measurements were carried out for various degrees of billets reduction. Thermodynamic calculations of phase equilibrium in multicomponent steel for different temperatures were performed by the Thermo-Calc software. Results and Discussion. It is determined that in order to prevent integranular corrosion, it is necessary to reduce the nitrogen and carbon content in steel at the stage of ladle refining to 0.05%, and also to ensure the concentration of titanium in steel is not less than the permissible value — 0.3%. These measures contribute to the reduction of Cr23C6 chromium carbides responsible for integranular corrosion. It is necessary to reduce the degree of compression of the billets to a level of no more than 50% to prevent the appearance of a ferromagnetic martensitic α-phase, since the formation of this defect is associated with a high degree of compression during drawing. The high-temperature phase of δ-ferrite exists in the metal structure in a wide temperature range. Reducing this range to 100 degrees or less by optimizing the composition of the carbon and chromium alloy in accordance with GOST 5632-2014 leads to a significant reduction of the amount of ferrite. However, it is not possible to completely eliminate it from the structure of steel. For all cases, it is necessary to assign austenization of billets in the temperature range of 1,050…1,100 °C.

Bacterial nanocellulose from symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast kombucha prepared with lemongrass tea and sucrose: Optimization and characterization

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) can be produced using a variety of substrates as fermentation medium for use in various biomaterial applications. This study aimed to optimize the production of and characterize the BNC derived from lemongrass leaves (L-BNC) obtained by symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) kombucha. The lemongrass leaves (10, 15, and 20 g/L) and sugar (30, 50, and 70 g/L) were incubated for 14 d at 30 °C. The optimal treatment was used to ferment kombucha for 21 days at 30 °C, with initial SCOBY inoculum of 3% w/v and kombucha of 10% v/v for the resulting L-BNC. The L-BNC was characterized using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The optimal parameters of the lemongrass kombucha fermentation production process were lemongrass content 10 g/L and sugar content 30 g/L with the incubation period of two weeks for 56.8 g/L of SCOBY production. The SEM analysis of L-BNC revealed a three-dimensional fibrous extremely fine network of randomly arranged nanofibrils with diameter of 163 ± 34 nm and hydrogen bonds present in L-BNC fibril units. Meanwhile, XRD results showed a crystallinity of 67.2%.