Media Distribution Research Articles

Experimental investigation and modelling of the hydrate formation kinetics based on hydrate pore-scale distribution in porous media

Hydrate technology has a bright future for innovations in water, energy, and environmental applications. A reliable and applicable kinetic model of gas hydrate formation is essential for developing hydrate technology. In this work, the experiments of methane hydrate formation with different water saturation SA are conducted in the Cubic Hydrate Simulator (CHS), where the pressure profile and temperature distribution are measured. A new kinetic model integrating hydrate pore-scale distribution is established, assuming that the reaction area AS is controlled by the aqueous phase surface area along the gas-soluble direction. This new model is employed to replicate the experimental process numerically by the history-matching method, and the intrinsic reaction rate constant K0 is determined to be 850.0 mol/m2/Pa/s. In addition, we quantitatively distinguish the characteristics of the water pore-scale distribution in the excess-water, cementing-water, and excess-gas environments. The new model has been validated to be more excellent than those with four currently available models for the hydrate formation, and the sensitivities of the kinetic parameters are discussed in detail. The results show that the spatial distributions of the temperature T and hydrate saturation SH spatial distribution are heterogeneous in CHS due to the phase change and heat transfer effect. The excellent performance of the hydrate formation kinetics gives us strong confidence in the reliability and accuracy of the new model. This provides reliable predictions and mechanistic understandings of hydrate formation kinetics in the porous media.

Percolation transitions of spontaneous imbibition in fractional-wet porous media

Percolation transition is an important scientific question for characterizing complex two-phase flow phenomena in fractional-wet porous media composed of different wetting grains. Recent studies have shown significant transitions of fluid distribution and pressure system in fractional-wet porous media by changing wettability proportion. However, very few studies have systematically investigated controlling factors of percolation transition in spontaneous imbibition. Additionally, there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge and experimental observations about imbibition recovery and dynamic imbibition phenomena (including imbibition time, imbibition rate, and induction time) in fractional-wet porous media. In this study, these knowledge gaps are filled through a series of water imbibition experiments for fractional-wet artificial porous media with different water-wet proportions, three pore diameters, and two wettability heterogeneities. The results show that pore diameter and wettability heterogeneity are influential factors for percolation transition. Decreasing water-wet proportion results in the emergence of induction time, as well as the absences of transition and late imbibition stage, small pore radius enhances these negative impacts. Under strong wettability heterogeneity, relationship of water-wet proportion and imbibition recovery follows the classical percolation theory containing two percolation transitions. Small pore diameter retards percolation transitions, and weakens fluid displacements of the transition stage and late stage in the partial imbibition. Moreover, effects of water-wet proportion on dynamic imbibition phenomena exhibit exponential relationship resulted from transition of pathway type. Additionally, through decreasing wettability heterogeneity, three percolation transitions and an optimal imbibition ability are achieved, thus hydrophilization of hydrophobic pore is advantageous for water imbibition. These intriguing findings can broaden current knowledge about spontaneous imbibition in fractional-wet porous media.

Current State of Perioperative Buprenorphine Management-A National Provider Survey.

Buprenorphine maintenance for opioid use disorder (OUD) can present potential challenges for acute postoperative pain management. Provider practice and consistency of buprenorphine management strategies within institutions are unknown. This study aims to identify how providers nationwide manage patients on buprenorphine when they present for elective surgery. A prospective survey of anesthesiologists was performed nationwide between November 2021 and March 2022. Survey respondents were selected from academic institutions identified using public databases and were also distributed to online social media platforms where members are required to verify medical licensure and hospital affiliation. Survey results were calculated and interpreted as the percentage rate of response. Survey invitations were sent to 190 institutions and returned 54 responses (28% response rate). An additional 12 completed surveys were obtained from online social media distribution resulting in 66 responses. Only 36% of respondents reported an established protocol for perioperative management of buprenorphine at their institution. Regarding consistency of buprenorphine management within institutions, the majority of respondents endorsed buprenorphine continuation without dose reduction in procedures where minimal pain was anticipated. However, there was a large discrepancy in buprenorphine management for surgeries with moderate-severe pain. Perioperative dosing frequency of buprenorphine was also inconsistent. The majority of institutions surveyed do not have an established protocol for perioperative buprenorphine management. In addition, there is provider variability in buprenorphine dosing for procedures with moderate-severe pain. This study highlights the need for dissemination of consensus guidelines for buprenorphine management.

Data-driven breakage mechanics: Predicting the evolution of particle-size distribution in granular media

This paper presents a model-free data-driven framework for breakage mechanics. In contrast with continuum breakage mechanics, the de facto approach for the macroscopic analysis of crushable granular media, the present framework does not require the definition of constitutive models and phenomenological assumptions, relying on material behavior that is known only through empirical data. For this purpose, we revisit the recent developments in model-free data-driven computing for history-dependent materials and extend the main ideas to materials with particle breakage. A systematic construction of the modeling framework is presented, starting from the closed-form representation of continuum breakage mechanics and arriving at alternative model-free representations. The predictive ability of the data-driven framework is highlighted and contrasted with continuum breakage mechanics on different boundary value problems. Moreover, an application to a real experimental test in crushable sand is presented, where the data is furnished by high-fidelity grain-scale simulations, indicating that the proposed framework provides an accurate prediction of the mechanics of crushable materials including the state of comminution.

Analisis Opini Publik Gerakan Penolakan Rancangan Undang-Undang Kitab Hukum Pidana Oleh Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa (BEM) UNMUL

The purpose of this study was to find out how the Public Opinion Movement Rejected the Draft Criminal Code by the Student Executive Board (BEM) UNMUL.The focus of the research consists of the elements of forming public opinion, namely: controversial issues or issues being contested, the public who are spontaneously enticed toinvolve themselves in problems and interactions, discussions, exchange of ideas and debates on disputed issues from individuals in the public then produce an opinion collective and expressive. Key informants namely; UNMUL BEM students, BEM Head informants, Action Coordinators, and Action Public Relations, as well as other informants, namely Mulawarman University students. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the interactive model data analysis proposed by Miles and Huberman. The results of this study show that there is a controversial issue that is being contested through media distribution which has attracted the attention of the opinion leader, namely BEM KM UNMUL. With conceptual ideas, they exert influence as a student organization at Mulawarman University, one of which is by using social media Instagram, through a collection of people who are interested in controversial issues, namely student members of BEM who hold consolidations, discussions, to achieve goals with propaganda #MosiTidakPercaya #ReformasiDikorupsi. The public opinion of the rejection movement resulted in a pro attitude by Mulawarman University students knowing and following controversial issues through media information used by BEM.
 Keywords: BEM KM UNMUL, RUUKUHP, Public Opinion

The memefication of Squid Game and mimicry of Asian images

The memefication of Squid Game demonstrates the cultural dynamics of media reception in changing media environments. The dissemination of memes facilitates public participation and democratic use of media, however memes also aggravate cultural prejudice and contribute to the segregation of social groups. This study investigates ideological influences involved in spreading Squid Game memes. Squid Game and associated memes demonstrate the ambivalence of cultural dynamics at the global level and identity issues involved in consuming media and pop culture. Theories of postcolonialism and critical discourse analysis are applied to examine media production and distribution of Korean media, and its influence on the reproduction cultural prejudice in changing media environments. Online memes provide the particular impetus underlying contestations between cultural diversity and ideological conservation in our changing media environment.

Kebijakan Penanggulangan Kejahatan Dengan Sarana Penal Dan Non Penal Terhadap Tindak Pidana Narkotika Anak Sebagai Pelaku

This research focuses on the form of punishment for children who commit narcotic crimes based on Indonesian laws and regulations. obstacles to law enforcement against children as perpetrators of narcotics crimes in the Medan City Region. penal and non penal policy strategies carried out by the Indonesian National Police in tackling Narcotics Crimes by children. The research method used is normative juridical. The data was collected by means of a literature study which was sourced from secondary data consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the first research are that the form of punishment for children who commit narcotic crimes under the law can be subject to criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment and sanctions in the form of medical and social rehabilitation. The imposition of criminal sanctions for children is used as an ultimum remedium. Obstacles to Law Enforcement Against Children as Perpetrators of Narcotics Crime in the Medan City Region can be categorized into internal constraints and external constraints. Internal obstacles consist of the presence of the police who back up/protect drug dealers so that raid information is always leaked, minimal operational funds, limited human resources in the Medan Polrestabes narcotics unit, and the lack of arresting tools in eradicating narcotics. While the external constraints consist of, the environment is not good, the rise of nightclubs, the changing modus operandi, the presence of new types of drugs. The non-penal policies carried out by law enforcement officials consist of counseling, outreach, collaboration, anti-drug campaigns, with the distribution of pamphlets and social media, as well as the establishment of the Anti-drug Tangguh Village Command Post to prevent the abuse and illicit trafficking of narcotics in Medan City. The Penal Policy is carried out by applying criminal, medical and social rehabilitation for children who are involved in narcotics crimes.

Internal Biofilm Heterogeneities Enhance Solute Mixing and Chemical Reactions in Porous Media.

Bacterial biofilms can form in porous media that are of interest in industrial applications ranging from medical implants to biofilters as well as in environmental applications such as in situ groundwater remediation, where they can be critical locations for biogeochemical reactions. The presence of biofilms modifies porous media topology and hydrodynamics by clogging pores and consequently solutes transport and reactions kinetics. The interplay between highly heterogeneous flow fields found in porous media and microbial behavior, including biofilm growth, results in a spatially heterogeneous biofilm distribution in the porous media as well as internal heterogeneity across the thickness of the biofilm. Our study leverages highly resolved three-dimensional X-ray computed microtomography images of bacterial biofilms in a tubular reactor to numerically compute pore-scale fluid flow and solute transport by considering multiple equivalent stochastically generated internal permeability fields for the biofilm. We show that the internal heterogeneous permeability mainly impacts intermediate velocities when compared with homogeneous biofilm permeability. While the equivalent internal permeability fields of the biofilm do not impact fluid-fluid mixing, they significantly control a fast reaction. For biologically driven reactions such as nutrient or contaminant uptake by the biofilm, its internal permeability field controls the efficiency of the process. This study highlights the importance of considering the internal heterogeneity of biofilms to better predict reactivity in industrial and environmental bioclogged porous systems.

Temperature distribution and dissipation in a porous media (coal)–CO2 system

In order to master the temperature and dissipation law of the porous media-CO2 system, the distribution of temperature and adsorption field in porous media during intermittent CO2 injection was studied by using self-developed adsorption device and experimental platform of diffusion seepage. The results show that the distribution of high temperature in porous media is isotropic. The effect of CO2 on the temperature field mainly occurs in the self-heating stage of coal, and the high temperature area moves towards gas injection port. The gas migration rate is the highest in the first gas injection. The cooling rate decreases with the increase of gas injection times. Combined with the logistic function relationship between adsorption capacity and temperature, the porous medium CO2 adsorption field was constructed, and it was found that the adsorption field is stable under low temperature oxidation. Therefore, temperature variation mechanism of confined space porous media-CO2 system was established, and quadrilateral of coal spontaneous combustion prevention was proposed. By analyzing the heat transfer process of coal-CO2 system, the thermodynamic entransy dissipation was introduced.

3D-Printed Tumor-on-Chip for the Culture of Colorectal Cancer Microspheres: Mass Transport Characterization and Anti-Cancer Drug Assays.

Tumor-on-chips have become an effective resource in cancer research. However, their widespread use remains limited due to issues related to their practicality in fabrication and use. To address some of these limitations, we introduce a 3D-printed chip, which is large enough to host ~1 cm3 of tissue and fosters well-mixed conditions in the liquid niche, while still enabling the formation of the concentration profiles that occur in real tissues due to diffusive transport. We compared the mass transport performance in its rhomboidal culture chamber when empty, when filled with GelMA/alginate hydrogel microbeads, or when occupied with a monolithic piece of hydrogel with a central channel, allowing communication between the inlet and outlet. We show that our chip filled with hydrogel microspheres in the culture chamber promotes adequate mixing and enhanced distribution of culture media. In proof-of-concept pharmacological assays, we biofabricated hydrogel microspheres containing embedded Caco2 cells, which developed into microtumors. Microtumors cultured in the device developed throughout the 10-day culture showing >75% of viability. Microtumors subjected to 5-fluorouracil treatment displayed <20% cell survival and lower VEGF-A and E-cadherin expression than untreated controls. Overall, our tumor-on-chip device proved suitable for studying cancer biology and performing drug response assays.

Mechanisms of propeller jet-induced migration, release, and distribution of perfluoroalkyl acids in sediment–water systems

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are continuously accumulated in surface sediments due to extensive and long-term application. However, the mechanisms through which disturbances induced by ship propeller jets at the riverbed cause secondary release of PFAAs from sediments remain unclear. In this study, the effects of different propeller rotational speeds on PFAA migration, release, and distribution in multiphase media were investigated by performing indoor flume experiments combined with particle tracking velocimetry. Moreover, key factors influencing PFAA migration and distribution were identified, and partial least squares regression (PLS) method was applied to develop quantitative prediction models of relationships among hydrodynamics, physicochemical parameters, and PFAA distribution coefficients. The total PFAA concentrations (ΣPFAAs) in overlying water under propeller jet action exhibited transient characteristics and hysteresis with time after the disturbance. In contrast, the ΣPFAAs in suspended particulate matter (SPM) exhibited an upward trend throughout the process with consistent characteristics. The spatial distribution trends of PFAAs in overlying water and SPM at different propeller rotational speeds featured vertical variability and axial consistency. Furthermore, PFAA release from sediments was driven by axial flow velocity (Vx) and Reynolds normal stress Ryy, while PFAA release from porewater was inextricably linked to Reynolds stresses Rxx, Rxy, and Rzz (p < 0.05). PLS regression models showed that variations in Vorticity, dissolved organic carbon, and pH influenced the decreases in PFAA distribution coefficients between SPM and overlying water (KD-SW) as propeller rotational speed increased, except for very long-chain PFAAs (C > 10). The increases in PFAA distribution coefficients between sediment and porewater (KD-SP) were mainly determined by physicochemical parameters of sediments, and the direct effect of hydrodynamics was relatively weak. Our study provides valuable information regarding the migration and distribution of PFAAs in multiphase media under propeller jet disturbance (both during and after disturbance).

Misinformation messages shared via WhatsApp in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory study.

Little is known about the role of WhatsApp in spreading misinformation during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. The aim of this study is to analyze the message content, format, authorship, time trends and social media distribution channels of misinformation in WhatsApp messages in Mexico. From March 18 to June 30, 2020 the authors collected all WhatsApp messages received via their personal contacts and their social networks that contained information about COVID-19. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the scientifically inaccurate messages and the relationship between variables, respectively. Google image and video searches were carried out to identify sharing on other social media. Out of a total of 106 messages, the most frequently mentioned COVID-19 related message topics were prevention (20.0%), conspiracy (18.5%), therapy (15.4%) and origin of the virus (10.3%), changing throughout the pandemic according to users' concerns. Half of all WhatsApp messages were either images or videos. WhatsApp images were also shared on Facebook (80%) and YouTube (~50%). Our findings indicate that the design of information and health promotion campaigns requires to be proactive in adapting to the changes in message content and format of misinformation shared through encrypted social media.

Pore-scale modelling of water sorption in nanopore systems of shale

Water vapor sorption in nanoporous media with complex pore structures, like shale, is not well understood. To address this, a pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is developed to investigate water sorption behavior. The LBM model incorporates long-range molecular forces using a modified Shan-Chen model based on the Carnahan-Starling equation of state. The simulation results show that the presence of water films in nanopores can create a liquid pressure difference of up to 100 MPa between confined and free states. The adsorption theories based on simple pore shapes are not applicable to nanoporous systems with complex pore geometries. Additionally, when the relative humidity exceeds 1, water vapor condenses inside hydrophobic nanostructures while being attracted by neighboring liquid, leading to cluster formation. In water-wet nanoporous media, capillary condensation occurs progressively from small throats to large pores, and the sorption curves vary smoothly with pressure variation. In mixed-wet nanoporous media, the sorption curves exhibit no hysteresis in the early desorption stage, where the adsorption and desorption processes occur in the region around the hydrophobic particles and are reversible. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into water sorption behavior in nanopore systems of shale and sets the foundation for modelling liquid-vapor distribution in nanoporous media at the pore scale.

A comparative study of the BFL Player and Amazon Prime Video: The new streaming distribution platforms for low-budget films

The global film market has long focused on more commercially viable films, which has kept many unknown or low-budget films out of the schedule. Films are shown in a variety of channels, including DVD, Pay-Tv and online video as well as cinemas. With the development of Internet and streaming services, there are many famous commercial Internet publishing platforms, BFI Player and Amazon Prime Video are two examples, and they are now developing online platforms for low budget films, which gives some excellent low budget films a chance to be released. This essay makes a comparative study of the BFL player and Amazon Video, analyzes how these two new streaming media distribution platforms of low-budget films help them become better from the aspects of resources, timeliness, price and user experience.

The dynamics of esports crowdfunding campaign success: a social exchange perspective

Esports—a professionalized, commercialized, and spectatorial form of video game competition—is a burgeoning industrial sector that has relied on entrepreneurial community support and multi-platform media distribution modalities to catalyze its growth. In particular, the esports industry is increasingly turning towards grassroots crowdfunding to gain access to financial resources that can be used to facilitate tournament prizes. However, what remains unclear is which factors contribute to grassroots esports crowdfunding campaigns’ success. We used social exchange theory to identify important social and economic attributes that may influence the outcomes of esports crowdfunding projects. For methods, we scraped crowdfunding data from Matcherino using Octoparse 8. A total of 14,497 esports crowdfunding projects were analyzed by using multiple regression analysis, as well as robustness checks that were estimated through machine learning techniques. We find that equal distribution of prize rewards, the endorsement of big brand sponsors, and genres of games significantly influence the success of esports crowdfunding. This contributes to our theoretical understanding of 1) the process of esports crowdfunding campaigns as a complex mechanism that incorporates financial incentives and social values, 2) esports as an emerging industry that is institutionalizing, 3) the heterogeneity of genre-based community, and 4) the importance of distributive justice of prize rewards for organizing grassroots esports tournaments and events. Furthermore, we discussed methodological implications regarding the use of econometrics approach and machine learning for future crowdfunding and esports research as well as managerial implications for esports entrepreneurs, esports teams and organizations, and sponsors and investors in terms of developing strategies tailored to the dynamics of esports communities.

Pore-scale spatiotemporal dynamics of microbial-induced calcium carbonate growth and distribution in porous media

The naturally occurring bio-geochemical microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) process is an eco-friendly technology for rehabilitating construction materials, reinforcement of soils and sand, heavy metals immobilization and sealing subsurface leakage pathways. We report pore-scale spatiotemporal dynamics of the MICP process in porous media, relevant for reduced environmental risk by leakage during CO2 geological storage. Effects of hydrodynamics and supersaturation on the MICP with Sporosarcina pasteurii stains were studied using a high-pressure, rock-on-a-chip microfluidic device. Bacterial cell numbers and variation in cementation concentration controlled the crystal size and pore-scale distribution by influencing the local supersaturation. Local pore structure determined crystal nucleation, where low velocity regions tended to nucleate more crystals. CaCO3 crystallization was observed at subsurface pressure (100 barg) with a reduced sealing performance due to the low microbial activity from elevated pressure. We identify that hydrodynamics and supersaturation determine crystal nucleation and growth in porous systems, providing important experimental evidence for subsurface environmental applications and validation of upscaled MICP models.

Phase Distribution Measurement of Liquid–Solid Media Using Multimode Ultrasound

Ultrasound tomography (UT) is an emerging technique for phase distribution measurement in industrial multiphase flow monitoring. A multimode UT combining the ultrasound transmission and reflection modes is proposed to measure stratified phase distribution and sound speed of liquid–solid mixtures in the horizontal pipe. First, the acoustic attenuation is used to reconstruct the phase distribution with a modified matrix regularization algorithm, and the time-of-flight (TOF) of ultrasound is used to extract the boundary of multiphase layers with the weight Akaike information criterion algorithm. Second, a wavelet fusion method based on the principal component averaging is proposed to fuse the reconstruction images of UT transmission and reflection. Third, numerical investigations are carried out to validate the feasibility of the proposed method. According to the quantitative indexes, the proposed method can effectively reconstruct the phase distribution of multiphase media. Finally, an experimental test pipeline Section is established, and sand–water and oil–water–sand liquid–solid media are investigated. The minimum relative error (RE) and the maximum correlation coefficient (CC) of experimental fusion results can reach 0.33 and 0.94, respectively, and the average measurement error (ME) of the layer height is 3.80%.

The Function of Leadership and Work Motivation on the Performance of Literature Evangelists within the Organizational Scope of the Seventh-day Adventist Church

Literature is a word that refers to print media or online media whose purpose is as a medium of communication to convey news or general knowledge information to mankind. This ministry is engaged in the dissemination or distribution of spiritual print media in the form of tracts, magazines, health books and spiritual books with the sole aim of spreading the everlasting gospel throughout the world. To distribute such books need evangelist literature. Literature Evangelists are the ones who are at the forefront of this evangelistic ministry because they are the ones directly involved in interacting with the community, so they need to have a spirit of good performance and full of submission to God. However, the reality is that the Literature Evangelist Service has not been running effectively and efficiently. This research uses qualitative methods by analyzing and concluding the data obtained related to research. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of leaders in improving the performance of literature evangelists and literature evangelists who have the right motivation to be involved in literature evangelism services. In doing a job a person needs one or more motivations that can be the spirit or basis for doing a job. Strong motivation will encourage someone to be able to do his job well. In this case the leader has the responsibility to provide motivation in improving the performance of literature evangelists.

Deep Learning for Improved Subsurface Imaging: Enhancing GPR Clutter Removal Performance Using Contextual Feature Fusion and Enhanced Spatial Attention

In engineering practice, ground penetrating radar (GPR) records are often hindered by clutter resulting from uneven underground media distribution, affecting target signal characteristics and precise positioning. To address this issue, we propose a method combining deep learning preprocessing and reverse time migration (RTM) imaging. Our preprocessing approach introduces a novel deep learning framework for GPR clutter, enhancing the network’s feature-capture capability for target signals through the integration of a contextual feature fusion module (CFFM) and an enhanced spatial attention module (ESAM). The superiority and effectiveness of our algorithm are demonstrated by RTM imaging comparisons using synthetic and laboratory data. The processing of actual road data further confirms the algorithm’s significant potential for practical engineering applications.

Non-lamellar lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles: A smart platform for nanomedicine applications

The increased interest of the scientific community in lipid nanoparticles has pushed the boundaries of personal medicine and drug delivery. The focus has been set on vesicular nanocarriers, as their structure and functionalities have been well described, but the application of their non-lamellar counterparts, cubosomes and hexosomes, has shown their potency as drug carriers. In addition, the sponge phase dispersion (L3, an intermediate between the lamellar and the bicontinuous cubic) has also been proved effective for the encapsulation of large macromolecules. Their physicochemical characterization has improved in the past decades due to the investigations conducted at high-power synchrotron facilities and the application of surface-sensitive techniques, discovering new connections between physical parameters and biological performance. Several administration routes of cubosomes and hexosomes have been studied, such as intravenous, dermal, transdermal, and oral, to evaluate their cytotoxicity and distribution in biological media. This review aims to summarize the challenges and recent achievements of cubosomes, hexosomes, and sponge nanoparticles as suitable carriers for the administration of bioactives.