Surface Mechanical Properties Research Articles

Overall performance of Ni-Co-WC nanocomposite coatings prepared by ultrasonic vibration-assisted scanning jet electrodeposition

To obtain a high-performance Ni-Co-WC nanocomposite coating on 45# steel, this work proposed a novel ultrasonic vibration-assisted scanning jet electrodeposition and used the range of WC nanoparticles concentration (3-12 g/L) in the electrolyte as the key variable in this study. Through harmonic response analysis, a 31 kHz frequency ultrasonic transducer was selected as the vibration source to achieve better vibration effects. The type of current mode that we employed was DC mode. The influence of ultrasonic vibration and the concentration of WC nanoparticles in the electrolyte on the surface morphology, micro-texture, microhardness, adhesion, and corrosion resistance of the nanocomposite coating were investigated by using SEM, XRD, Vickers microhardness tester, scratch tester and electrochemical workstation respectively. Compared to conventional scanning jet electrodeposition, the results indicated that the ultrasonic vibration improved the surface morphology, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the coating, with the hardness increased by 15.9 % and the adhesion strength increased by 76.1 % as well as the corrosion current density decreased by 13.0 %. When the WC concentration in the electrolyte was 6 g/L, the Ni-Co-WC nanocomposite coating prepared by ultrasonic vibration-assisted composite scanning jet electrodeposition exhibited the best surface quality and properties. The microhardness of the coating was the highest at 590 HV, the adhesion strength was the largest at 33.4 N and the corrosion current density was as low as 4.104 μA·cm−2. Compared with the WC concentration of 3 g/L, when the WC concentration was 6 g/L, the hardness increased by 7.8 %, the adhesion strength increased by 41.5 % whereas the corrosion current density decreased by 30.6 %. In addition, molecular dynamics simulation was employed to calculate the effect of WC content in the coating on the binding energy between the coating and the substrate. The simulation results confirmed that the adhesive strength between the composite coating and substrate was directly proportional to the WC content in the composite coating. Therefore, this research is of great significance for the protection of offshore platform support structure materials and the improvement of their service life.

Effect of complex ion-plasma treatment on mechanical properties of high-speed steel R6M5 surface

The paper describes the effect of complex ion-plasma treatment consisting of ion nitriding and subsequent application of a wear-resistant coating using a plasma source with a filament cathode on the physical and mechanical properties of the surface of high-speed steel P6M5. Two different technologies, a complex ion plasma technology and a protective coating of the (TiAl)N system, were compared. The results showed that the samples subjected to complex ion-plasma treatment have higher physical and mechanical properties.

К вопросу определения точки контакта в силовых измерениях методами атомно-силовой микроскопии

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a widely used technique for obtaining information about the three-dimensional structure and physical and mechanical properties of surfaces. In nanoindentation methods, an AFM probe is brought to the sample from a distance and then interacts with the surface. Accurate determination of the point of contact of the probe tip with the surface in these measurements is necessary for reliable calculation of both the non-contact interaction constants and the structural and mechanical properties of the material. The tip-surface contact is preceded by a rapid jump of the probe to the surface due to attractive forces in experiments conducted in ambient conditions. If the stiffness of the probe beam or the sample does not allow the probe to deform the surface, then the end of the probe jump (minimum deflection of the beam as the probe approaches the material) is usually taken as the start of the contact. If the surface is soft enough, contact may occur earlier than the end of the rapid jump, i.e., the tip will begin to penetrate into the surface before the jump is complete. In this work it is shown that the contact of the tip with a deformable polymer surface occurs before the completion of the jump of the tip to the surface. It is reasonable to take the point corresponding to the maximum change in the beam deflection as the beginning of the contact between the probe and the material. The significant speed of the approach of the tip to the surface under the action of attractive forces leads to a loss of experimental data in the section of the curve near the transition from non-contact to contact interaction. Insufficient rate of data capture and high approach velocity can cause significant points of the force curve to be missed, i.e., lead to errors in determining the beginning of the contact both for soft and hard surfaces.

Impact of support structure on surface roughness and mechanical properties of PLA 3D printed parts by FDM

This study investigates the effect of support infill angle and its density, transverse at 90°, inclined at 45°, axial direction at 0° and crossed filament by (0°/90°), (45°/-45°) and (0°/45°) on surface quality and mechanical properties using three different strategies. The surface roughness and flexural properties of the specimens are analysed and compared as well as the material waste and printing time. According to results of this study, the variations in the support infill angle resulted in diverse flexural strength and surface quality.

Advancing Surface Hardness and Wear Resistance: Microwave-Assisted Cladding of Ni-TiC Mixture onto SS-304

This study focuses on enhancing surface hardness and wear resistance through microwave-assisted cladding of a Ni-TiC mixture onto SS-304 substrates. Meticulous preparation steps were employed, including substrate cleaning and preheating of the coating material, to ensure optimal adhesion and prevent defects. Microwave hybrid heating (MHH) was utilized to facilitate rapid and uniform heating, enhancing the efficiency of the coating process. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image revealed a uniform cladding layer devoid of cracks, indicating successful deposition and consolidation. Surface hardness was improved by 46.87%, demonstrating a significant enhancement in mechanical properties. The measured wear rate and coefficient of friction provided critical insights into the surface’s wear resistance and frictional behavior. Overall, this study highlights the efficacy of microwave-assisted cladding in improving the performance and durability of SS-304 substrates, with implications for various engineering applications requiring enhanced surface protection and mechanical properties.

Recycling Glass Fiber from Polyurethane Composite by Pyrolysis Strategy with High Mechanical Properties

With the rapid advancement of the wind power industry, the recycling of retired wind turbine blades and the regeneration of glass fibers have become urgent environmental and economic issues. In this article, a two-step pyrolysis strategy was put forward, in which the relationship between the pyrolysis parameters and the properties of the recycled glass fibers, including the surface morphology, defects, and mechanical properties were demonstrated. We found that pyrolyzing the composites at 500°C under high-temperature water vapor atmosphere to recover the glass fibers, and oxidizing at 450°C to remove the residual carbon of fibers is the optimal choice. In this way, not only can the fibers be recovered from the waste composites, but also the mechanical properties of the fibers can be retained while removing the residual carbon on the surface, which provides a guarantee for subsequent high-value reuse of waste fan blade composite materials.

Electron irradiation enhanced wear resistance and hardness of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

The surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bulk materials was modified by irradiation at high temperatures using a 1.2 MeV electron beam. The mass wear rate was decreased from 2.5 × 10-6 g N-1 m-1 to 0.08 × 10-6 g N-1 m-1, and the hardness was increased from 33.2 MPa to 93.9 MPa. The yield strength was increased from 12.1 MPa to 25.8 MPa and Young's modulus was enhanced from 101 MPa to 261 MPa. The use of electron beam irradiation on PTFE at high temperature is an effective modification method to significantly improve its wear resistance and hardness, and increase the elastic response range of PTFE. The chemical reaction induced by electron irradiation at high temperature changes the molecular structure of the PTFE bulk material from highly linear to a network, thus improving the surface mechanical properties of PTFE.

Synthesis and Properties of Cationic Core-Shell Fluorinated Polyurethane Acrylate.

Vinyl-capped cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU) was prepared using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polycarbonate diol (PCDL), N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and trimethylolpropane (TMP) as raw materials and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a capping agent. Then, a crosslinked FPUA composite emulsion with polyurethane (PU) as the shell and fluorinated acrylate (PA) as the core was prepared by core-shell emulsion polymerization with CWPU as the seed emulsion, together with dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The effects of the core-shell ratio of PA/PU on the surface properties, mechanical properties, and heat resistance of FPUA emulsions and films were investigated. The results showed that when w(PA) = 30~50%, the stability of FPUA emulsion was the highest, and the particles showed a core-shell structure with bright and dark intersections under TEM. When w(PA) = 30%, the tensile strength reached 23.35 ± 0.08 MPa. When w(PA) = 50%, the fluorine content on the surface of the coating film was 14.75% and the contact angle was as high as 98.5°, which showed good hydrophobicity; the surface flatness of the film was observed under AFM. It is found that the tensile strength of the film increases and then decreases with the increase in the core-shell ratio and the heat resistance of the FPUA film is gradually increased. The FPUA film has excellent properties such as good impact resistance, high flexibility, high adhesion, and corrosion resistance.

Design of an UV-C shielded biopolymer based on a poly(lactic acid)/quercetin/magnesium composite

The use of biopolymers like poly(lactic acid) (PLA) doped with natural and harmless active agents in industrial, medical and food packaging applications is of great interest due to the multitude of property enhancements included. External factors, such as UV exposure, can accelerate the degradation process of these biomaterials and cause changes in structural and mechanical properties of medical or industrial devices. In this research, PLA-based composites with different degrees of crystallinity are fabricated using magnesium (Mg) particles and quercetin (Qr) as doping agents, providing new biomaterials with different responses against an UV-C radiation source. Physical surface changes are studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), goniometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical modifications are evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal response is studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). PLA crystallinity is crucial in the polymer response to UV radiation. Under irradiation Mg particles cause a catalytic effect that enhances the degradation by hydrolysis of PLA chains. However, when Qr is present this effect is inhibited, making the Qr/Mg combination an ideal enrichment to protect the polymer from chemical photooxidation, while improving the surface mechanical properties of the new biocomposite.

Tribological properties and machine learning prediction of FeCoCrNiAlN high entropy coatings

High-entropy nitride ceramic coatings exhibit excellent wear resistance and are regarded as promising coatings in tools. Predicting the coefficients of friction (COF) and related microstrain under friction condition is critical for their application. In this study, nine different FeCoCrNiAlN high-entropy coatings were prepared with varying substrate bias voltage and nitrogen gas pressure using PVD CAIP (Physical Vapor Deposition-cathode arc-ion plating). The bias voltage and nitrogen pressure significantly influenced the wear resistance of the coatings. Low nitrogen gas pressure results in insufficient ceramic phase content, leading to lower hardness and the generation of more grooves. However, coatings with high hardness exhibit excellent wear resistance. Groove wear and debris wear are closely related to the surface particles and mechanical properties of the coating. Alterations in friction load and velocity were also conducted to investigate the tribological performance of various coatings. Results suggest that the COF increased with the friction load and velocity. Furthermore, 53 sets of COF data for machine learning (ML) predictions were obtained. Seven ML regression models, including Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), were employed to predict the COF using input features, including coating deposition process, microstructure features such as elemental composition, and grain size, as well as mechanical features such as nanohardness, H/E (Hardness/Young's modulus), Lc1 (Critical load). Friction conditions include friction load and velocity. Simultaneously, the significance of multiple features such as the coating preparation processes, microstructural, mechanical properties, and friction conditions in affecting the COF of the coatings, was analyzed by the feature importance model. The results indicate that the XGBoost regression algorithm exhibited the highest R2 value and the lowest RMSE, MAE, and MSE values, which were 0.8629, 0.0659, 0.0567, and 0.0047, respectively. This model demonstrated a favorable capability in predicting the COF of FeCoCrNiAlN high-entropy coatings. Furthermore, feature importance analysis revealed that the load, Lc1, velocity and Cr have the most significant impact on the COF of the coatings.

Electrochemical Scanning Probe Microscopy Evaluation of Li-Ion Battery Cathode Degradation through in Situ Oxygen Evolution Measurement and Interfacial Property Characterization

Degradation processes involving oxygen evolution significantly limit the performance, reversibility, and capacity of high energy density Li-ion battery (LiB) cathodes. In addition, oxygen evolution processes create hazardous conditions for LiB operation. Despite the importance of these processes, characterization of evolved O2 with sufficient spatial and temporal versatility is hampered by the complex setups required to perform electrochemical mass spectrometry, the gold standard for evaluating this process. Recently, we introduced a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) approach that enables in-situ, real-time (i.e., few ms temporal resolution), chemically selective detection of O2.[1] Measurements were accomplished by positioning an SECM probe (i.e., an Au ultramicroelectrode) near operating cathode surfaces for detecting O2 via the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The superior signal-to-noise of this method enabled the observation of two peaks corresponding to a steady-state evolution at high voltage and a transient O2 evolution at low voltage on materials such as lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) and NMC electrodes.Here, we expand the capabilities of our technique by incorporating correlated measurements aimed at understanding how oxygen evolution profiles are related to surface electrochemical and mechanical properties. Specifically, we will focus on the use of feedback-mode SECM and the use of reactive mediators to evaluate the changes in the rates of electron transfer measured on materials undergoing O2 and after structural degradation. Furthermore, the use of electrochemical AFM allows us to measure the mechanical properties of these interfaces, in an attempt to tie the structural changes and the evolution of oxidizing species with the formation of cathode-electrolyte interfaces. Altogether, these multimodal SECM and AFM methods elucidate the manifold chemical, structural, and performance changes underpinning LiB cathode operation.[1] Mishra, A.; Sarbapalli, D.; Hossain, M.S.; Gossage, Z.T.; Li, Z.; Urban, A.; Rodríguez-López, J. Highly Sensitive Detection and Mapping of Incipient and Steady-State Oxygen Evolution from Operating Li-Ion Battery Cathodes via Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2022, 169, 086501. Figure 1

Augmented wound healing potential of photosensitive GelMA hydrogel incorporating antimicrobial peptides and MXene nanoparticles.

Introduction: Wound healing is a delicate and complex process influenced by many factors. The treatment of skin wounds commonly involves the use of wound dressings, which remain a routine approach. An ideal dressing can provide protection and a suitable environment for wound surfaces by maintaining moisture and exhibiting good biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and antibacterial properties to promote healing and prevent infection. Methods: We encapsulated tick-derived antibacterial polypeptides (Os) as a model drug within a methylacrylyl gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel containing MXene nanoparticles. The prepared composite hydrogels were evaluated for their wound dressing potential by analyzing surface morphology, mechanical properties, swelling behavior, degradation properties, antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility. Results: The results demonstrated excellent mechanical strength, swelling performance, degradation behavior, and antibacterial activity of the prepared composite hydrogels, effectively promoting cell growth, adhesion, and expression of antibacterial peptide activity. A full-thickness rat wound model then observed the wound healing process and surface interactions between the composite hydrogels and wounds. The composite hydrogel significantly accelerated wound closure, reduced inflammation, and sped epithelial formation and maturation. Discussion: Incorporating antibacterial peptides into GelMA provides a feasible strategy for developing excellent antibacterial wound dressings capable of tissue repair. In conclusion, this study presents a GelMA-based approach for designing antibacterial dressings with strong tissue regenerative ability.

Experimental and numerical evaluation of multi-pass scratch on borided ARMCO iron

Thermochemical treatments are used for increasing the surface mechanical properties of iron and steels. The wear on mechanical components caused by sliding contact is an important parameter in the field of tribology. In this study, the wear resistance of ARMCO pure iron hardened by the powder-pack boriding process was evaluated using unidirectional dry sliding. The thermochemical treatment of boriding was carried out at temperatures of 850 °C for 1, 2 and 3 h of exposure time. Surface properties such as hardness and Young's modulus were obtained using the nanoindentation technique. The wear testing was performed by multi-pass scratch using an Al2O3 sphere as counterpart, constant loads of 20 and 30 N and 50, 100 and 150 passes (with a sliding distance of 5 mm for each pass). The Archard's model was used to obtain the wear coefficient for each treatment condition. The finite element method applying mesh nonlinear adaptivity was used to evaluate the stress field in the borided samples under sliding contact. Results showed that borided ARMCO pure iron under unidirectional sliding loading caused both adhesive and abrasive wear. Furthermore, for the boriding conditions established in this work, the wear behavior at loads ≥30 N was governed by both the mechanical properties of the boride layer and its thickness, whereas at lower loads only the mechanical properties of the boride layer influenced the wear resistance.

Experiment study on the mechanical properties and constitutive model of grade 1960 steel wires under and after elevated temperatures

To investigate the effects of different temperatures and cooling patterns on the surface characteristics, failure modes and mechanical properties of steel wires, a total of 52 steel wires of grade 1960 under and after elevated temperatures were tested. Then, the influence mechanism of temperatures on mechanical properties was further revealed with the help of SEM fracture scanning. Furthermore, the laws of reduction coefficient of mechanical properties of steel wires under and after elevated temperatures were proposed. Finally, the equation of high temperature stress-strain curve of steel wires was constructed. The results showed that the surface colors of steel wires gradually deepened with the increase of temperature, and a mass of zinc oxide particles appeared on the surface of steel wires at 500 °C, when the galvanized layer began shedding a lot. Meanwhile, the fracture shape of the specimens became obvious cup-cone, especially when the temperature exceeded 600 °C, the shape turned conical. In addition, the elastic modulus, yield strength and tensile strength of steel wires at 300 °C accounted for 85 %, 68 % and 74 % of the corresponding mechanical properties at room temperature, respectively. When the temperature exceeded 300 °C, the mechanical properties of steel wires would decrease significantly. For example, the ultimate strength of steel wire at 400 °C was only 53 % of that at room temperature. Nevertheless, the mechanical properties of steel wires after high temperature were basically unchanged before 300 °C. Similarly, the mechanical properties of steel wires gradually decreased after cooling by temperature action above 300 °C. For example, when the heating temperature was 600 °C, the ultimate strength was only 46 % of that at room temperature. Ultimately, comparing with the result of experimental and previous literature, the accuracy of the proposed formula for the reduction coefficient of high temperature mechanical properties and constitutive model of steel wire was verified. It is recommended to set the fire resistance temperature of steel wire inside the bridge cable at around 300 °C.

Gelatin films reinforced by tannin-nanocellulose microgel with improved mechanical and barrier properties for sustainable active food packaging

In this study, reactive tannin-nanocellulose (TANC) microgels, prepared using dialdehyde nanocellulose and tannin through the condensation reaction, were incorporated into gelatin matrix to fabricate GE-TANC films for the potential application as active food packaging materials. AFM, FT-IR, XRD, and TG analysis were employed for characterization of TANCs and the composite films. AFM images and FT-IR analysis confirmed the successful crosslinking of nanocellulose with tannin. Their surface hydrophilicity, UV-blocking capability, antioxidant activity and mechanical properties were measured to investigate the impact of TANC microgels on the film properties. The tannin-containing films displayed excellent antioxidant and UV-blocking properties, maximally scavenging 79% of DPPH free radicals and absorbing 98% of ultraviolet light. The surface hydrophilicity, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and water solubility of the composite films decreased compared to those of the neat gelatin film, resulting from the formation of more chemical and physical crosslinkings within the film. The tensile strength tripled from 40 MPa to 108 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 3.87% to 6.28% with only 5% of TANC2. The GE-TANC films in this work demonstrated high mechanical properties, oxidation and UV resistance, and thus have a prospective application as the sustainable active food packaging materials.

Development of biodegradable filaments based on agro‐industrial waste and evaluation of process parameters in final properties

AbstractAdditive manufacturing, which has become popular in recent years, is the process of joining materials through the deposition of layers to form parts based on data from a 3D model and fused deposition modeling. The search for biodegradable materials for the production of filaments for 3D printing is increasing and opening up possibilities for the development of new sustainable products, including the use of lignocellulosic waste in the formulation. Therefore, the present work aims to develop polymeric filaments based on polybutylene adipate terephthalate and low content (2.5 and 5 wt%) of peanut and soybean shells and evaluate their potential for 3D printing. The charges were characterized in terms of chemical composition. Tensile and dimensional variation tests were performed on samples manufactured from two different filling orientations: −45/45° and 0/90°. The printability of the filament was based on the manufacture of prototypes of agricultural tubes that were also characterized by thermogravimetry and their morphology through scanning electron and optical microscopy. Both natural residues significantly (p < 0.05) affected the sample dimensions and mechanical properties. However, the filling orientation difference was insignificant (p > 0.05). The filaments produced showed good processability, thermal and dimensional stability. The samples produced showed a satisfactory surface finish without exposing load agglomerates. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using lignocellulosic fillers, such as peanut and soybean shells, in additive manufacturing and indicate the possibility of producing parts with varied geometries.Highlights Use of lignocellulosic residues in biodegradable filaments. The filament produced with fillers of peanut and soybean shells showed good processability. Filament fracture depends on the raster angle. It was possible to produce tubes with good surface quality and mechanical properties.

Exploring the Versatility of Transition Metal-Infused Graphene/CdS Nanocomposites for Cutting-Edge Nanotechnology Applications: An Innovative Synergy Beyond Boundaries

This review paper highlights the potential of graphene nanocomposites for various applications in nanotechnology and focuses on the properties and applications of the graphene/CdS nanocomposite, which has shown enhanced properties and finds applications in diverse industries. This work discusses the incorporation of transition metals such as Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe into graphene/CdS nanocomposites and their resultant properties, including increased surface activities, optronics, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and photocatalytic activity. This review provides valuable insights into the potential of transition metal-doped graphene/CdS nanocomposites for a wide range of applications.

Preparation of CNTs/SCF reinforcement using multiple continuous surface treatments to achieve synergistic improvement of epoxy resin-based composites interfacial properties: Towards industrial production of carbon fiber surface treatment

The silane/maleimide co-modified waterborne polyurethane (WPU-M-S) sizing agent and furan-functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs-FA) were prepared through chemical modification method. The continuous grafting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was realized on the carbon fiber surface by multiple continuous surface treatments, including electrochemical anodizing (EAO), sizing, and chemical grafting of CNTs. The stable physical and chemical connection between carbon fiber, sizing agent, and resin was constructed through the preparation of CNTs/SCF reinforcement. The results of different surface treatment processes such as ultrasound and CNTs grafting process were contrastively studied in terms of surface morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties. It is reflected that carbon fiber grafted with CNTs-FA (CNTs/SCF) that were prepared by ultrasound assisted chemical grafting provide optimal wettability and interfacial performance. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CNTs/SCF reinforced epoxy resin composites are 115.37 % and 93.91 % higher than those of the untreated carbon fiber (UCF), respectively. The synergistic improvement mechanism of reinforcement on carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites interfacial properties was proposed. This research provides a multiple continuous surface treatment technology that matches the industrial production of carbon fiber to prepare CNTs/SCF reinforcement.

Investigation on the properties of anodic oxides grown on aluminium-silicon alloys irradiated by pulsed electron beam

Al-Si alloys are among the most common aluminium based materials for cast products due to theirhigh strength-to-weight ratio, excellent processability and relatively low cost. The presence of Si inthe molten Al phase improves the castability and decreases the solidification shrinkage. Hard anodicoxidation is largely employed to improve their surface mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.However, the presence of high Si contents (> 3%) and the size of Si particles in the alloy makethe process challenging or even not possible. The surface pretreatment of Al-Si alloys with intensepulsed electron beams (EB) can effectively overcome the aforementioned limitations. Electron beamsources can be employed to reduce Si content and to refine and disperse Si particles, and effectivelycreate an Al substrate that is more prone to oxidization. In the present work, two electron beamunits were used, RITM-SP and SOLO, to modify the surface properties of hypoeutectic, eutectic andhypereutectic Al-Si alloys, by investigating the effect of energy density and number of pulses. Theelectron beam treated substrates were hard anodized and characterized in term of microstructure,elemental distribution, corrosion resistance and surface mechanical properties.

Study of amur cork tree bark extract-dyed paper under artificial UVA irradiation

Some ancient Chinese paper artifacts dyed with amur cork tree bark extracts are currently preserved to different extents in museums and libraries worldwide. As traditional natural plant dyes, the long-term performance of the amur cork tree bark extract-dyed handmade paper has been questioned under a preserved environment. The photodegradation process of the extract-dyed papers was examined under accelerating artificial UVA irradiation conditions according to China national standard-paper and board- accelerated aging (exposure to light). Changes during aging were analyzed by optical observation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), pH, and tensile strength and folding endurance tests. The results showed that the main components from extracted dyes played an important role in affecting the photodegradation properties of dyed paper. The changes in surface color, pH, morphology and mechanical properties after the artificial UVA accelerated degradation tests revealed that a suitable concentration of the extract dyes for maintaining the long-term irradiation stability of the paper is important.