Quality Of Goat Meat Research Articles

Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Kiko Crossbred Male Goats as Influenced by Feeding Phytochemical Tanning Containing Supplementations

This research assessed the effect of incorporating condensed tannin-rich pine bark (PB) and sericea lespedeza (SL) into meat goats’ diets on carcass traits, chemical composition, and meat quality of goat meat (chevon). Meat goats were supplemented with bermudagrass hay (BG-diet, control), SL, PB, or 1:1 mixture of SL and PB (SL + PB-diet), with the remainder of each diet made uCIE ap of 70% alfalfa pellets mixed with a commercial corn-based sweet feed. Furthermore, four experimental diets provided a total of 4.9, 40.1, 49.0, or 45.0 g of condensed tannins, CT/kg DM, respectively. Carcass traits were assessed after the slaughter at the end of 50 d feeding period. After 24 h cooler storage (2˚C), edible tissues were collected from each carcass for analyzing meat quality parameters. No significant differences were found in carcass traits and primal cuts among goats fed the experimental diets. Supplementing goats with wood-derived condensed tannins (pine bark) produced redder (higher CIE a* values; P P P < 0.03) chevon than that from goats fed either forage-derived (sericea lespedeza) or combined condensed tannins (1:1 mixture of sericea lespedeza and pine bark). Our findings indicate that either forage-, wood-derived condensed tannins, or their combined one can be used as a dietary supplement since they do not have any detrimental effect on meat goats’ performances and meat quality characteristics of chevon. Furthermore, feeding meat goats with wood-derived condensed tannins probably produced tenderer and healthier chevon than that from meat goats fed either forage-derived only or combined with forage and wood derived-condensed tannins.

Effects of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) essential oils as dietary antioxidant supplementation on carcass and meat quality of goat meat.

Despite the fact that the use of rosemary and thyme residues and essential oils in animal feeding was widely documented, that of myrtle is scarce. To test the hypothesis that myrtle essential oils (MEOs) could improve goats' carcass characteristics and meat quality traits, twenty-one male goats received a ration consisted of 40% oat hay and 60% concentrate. Experimental goat kids received the control diet supplemented with 0, 0.3 and 0.6% of myrtle essential oils (MEOs) for C, Myrt1 and Myrt2 groups respectively. The administration of MEO did not improve the daily DM intake (p>0.05). Kids of C and Myrt2 groups had higher average daily gain than Myrt1 group (75 versus 55g). The goats slaughtered at 19.9kg of weight did not differ (p>0.05) in carcass weights and carcass yield in terms of commercial dressing percentage (CDP=41%) and real dressing percentage (RDP=52%). The administration of MEO increased the meat polyphenol content, being higher in both Myrtle groups (87 versus. 56μg gallic acid equivalents g-1 fresh matter, p<0.05). Myrtle EO administration protected kids' meat against oxidation (0.48 versus. 0.91mg MDA/kg of meat for Myrtle and C groups, respectively, at the 9th day of storage; p<0.05). It could be useful to include MEO as a dietary supplement in goats' rations since it improves meat's oxidative status without negative effects on FA profile.

PSX-5 Duration of preslaughter stress in winter on physiological responses and meat quality in goats

Abstract Transportation conditions can significantly affect physiological status and meat quality in goats. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of duration of preslaughter stress on physiological responses and meat quality in goats. Fifty-four uncastrated male Spanish goats (8-mo old; BW = 29.7 ± 2.03 kg) were randomly subjected to one of three treatments (n = 18 goats/treatment): (i) transported for 3 h, (ii) transported for 30 min, or (iii) held in pens (control) on two different days. The ambient temperatures were -3.0 ± 1.0 ºC and 1.0 ± 1.0 ºC on day 1 and 2, respectively. Blood samples were collected before (covariate) and after transport for differential leukocyte count and plasma cortisol concentration determinations. Goats were slaughtered using humane procedures for meat quality analysis. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM in SAS with treatment and day as factors. Cortisol concentrations were higher (P &amp;lt; 0.01) in both 3 h (117.7 ± 7.96 ng/mL) and 30 min (130.1 ± 8.05 ng/mL) transported groups compared to the control group (27.5 ± 7.59 ng/mL). Lymphocyte counts were lower (P &amp;lt; 0.01) in 3 h group compared to the other two groups, and the overall counts were also lower (P &amp;lt; 0.05) on day 1 compared to day 2. The initial Longissimus muscle pH (15 min) was lower on day 1 (6.79 ± 0.04) compared to day 2 (6.94 ± 0.05) and the final pH (24 h) was higher on day 1 (6.31 ± 0.04) than on day 2 (6.14 ± 0.04). Treatment did not influence live or carcass weights, nor did it affect the L*, a*, and b* values of loin chops. The results indicate that ambient temperature during transport may be more important in determining stress responses and muscle pH decline than duration of transportation in goats during winter.

194 Carcass and Meat Quality of Pasture-raised Lamb and Goat

Abstract Various trials have been proceeded to develop forage feeding systems that meet nutritional requirements for meat producing sheep and goats under the SCC-81 project: Sustainable Small Ruminant Production in the Southeastern United States. Small ruminants are fed most of their required nutrients from forages to increase the profit to the livestock producers. However, pasture-based production systems have a limitation because of seasonal variation of nutrient contents in pastures. This often means pasture alone does not always provide adequate nutrition for fast growing animals. Furthermore, different forms and energy levels of diets influence carcass composition and meat properties in food animals. Meat animal carcasses vary in composition through genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. In general, dressing percentages of sheep and goats ranged from around 40% to 60%, and their shoulder and leg cuts represent more than half of their entire carcass weight. Pasture-based systems of meat production have sustained low live weight gains relative to those achieved with intensive grain-based systems. Subsequently, sheep and goats finished at pasture have produced lighter carcasses with a low fat content, which is rich in beneficial fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic and conjugated linoleic acids. Meat-producing sheep and goats with high-energy intake generally increased the juiciness, tenderness, and texture of their meat, but the consumer acceptability was lower because of higher content of fat in their meat than those from sheep and goats finished on forage diets. A brief overview of the recent works in the SCC-81 project will be presented in order to illustrate the impacts of newly developed forage feeding systems on carcass characteristics and meat quality of sheep and goats.

Effects of Acacia mearnsii extract as a condensed-tannin source on animal performance, carcass yield and meat quality in goats

The objective of this study was to determine the optimum level of condensed tannins (CTs), delivered as Acacia mearnsii extract, for inclusion in the diet of goats for enhancing growth, commercial cuts, the physicochemical composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat and meat sensory attributes. Thirty-two castrated crossbreed Boer goats with a mean age of four months and a mean body weight (BW) of 19.7 ± 2.05 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. The diets varied in level of CTs [0, 16, 32 and 48 g/kg dry matter (DM)] from an Acacia mearnsii extract. Final BW; acid detergent fiber (ADF); shoulder, neck and rib weight; and loin yield increased quadratically (P ≤ 0.05) with the amount of CTs in the diet. Except for a trend of a quadratic reduction in luminosity color (P = 0.07) and a linear reduction in collagen deposition (P = 0.03) with increasing level of dietary CTs, the meat physicochemical parameters were unaffected by CTs inclusion. With increasing amount of CTs from Acacia mearnsii extract in the diet, the concentrations of C17:1 and C18:1 cis-9 in the longissimus lumborum of goats linearly decreased, whereas those of C18:0, C18:2 cis-9, cis-12 and C18:3 cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 (P ≤ 0.05) linearly increased. In addition, the values of total saturated FA (ΣSFA), polyunsaturated FA (ΣPUFA), ratio of ΣPUFA:ΣSFA and ΣPUFA:monounsaturated FA (ΣMUFA) increased (P ≤ 0.05) with increasing CTs level; in contrast, ΣMUFA and the ΣMUFA/ΣSFA ratio decreased. Other FA sums and ratios were not affected by the inclusion of CTs in the diet. The inclusion of dietary CTs tended to unfavorably reduce the FA index and enzymatic activity of Δ9-desaturase C16 (P ≤ 0.10). However, there was a linear decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in Δ9-desaturase C18 and elongase enzymatic activities and the hypocholesterolemic to hypercholesterolemic FA ratio (h:H) index with increasing level of dietary CTs, and the atherogenicity index (AI) tended to increase as the CTs level increased (P = 0.06). The dietary inclusion of the Acacia mearnsii extract improved the flavor, aroma, softness and overall acceptance of goat kid meat (P ≤ 0.05). Linear response plateau (LRP) analysis demonstrated that Acacia mearnsii levels of 16 and 32 g/kg DM had similar effects and increased growth performance and carcass cut weights (P < 0.05). The inclusion of CTs from Acacia mearnsii extract at 16 and 32 g/kg DM in goat kid diets is recommended because it increases goat growth performance, the commercial cut weights and ∑PUFA contents of the meat and meat sensory attributes.

Productive and metabolic increments of the inclusion of Broussonetia papyrifera to replace maize silage in growing goats

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of Broussonetia papyrifera (BP) on growth performance, rumen fermentation, digestion and meat quality in Huanghuai white goats. Diets were developed with increasing doses of BP to replace maize silage [0% (control), 15% (BP15), 30% (BP30) and 45% (BP45)]. The design was completely randomized with 4 groups of 10 animals each, totalizing 40 animals (aged 150 ± 10 days and body weight of 25.32 ± 0.52 kg). Final body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake increased (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05) as BP increased in the diet. The highest body weight and average daily gain were seen in the BP30 group. Feed conversion ratio also improved significantly (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05) with the increasing level of BP. Although the concentration of microbial protein (MCP) in a linear (P = 0.0028) and quadratic (P = 0.0035) fashion with increasing level of BP, however, NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-N in a quadratic (P = 0.0841) fashion with increasing level of BP. Crude protein was increased with increasing BP in the diets (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Nitrogen intake, urinary excretion nitrogen and nitrogen retention were significantly improved (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05) with dietary BP addition in goats. Dietary BP supplementation increased pH (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05) and tended to reduce L* (lightness) (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Additionally, the redness value of meat was significantly improved by BP addition (linear and quadratic, P &amp;lt; 0.05). The inclusion of BP in the goat diet promotes growth and increases the digestibility of crude protein in addition to improving the meat colour and rumen fermentation.

Non-Destructive Imaging and Spectroscopic Techniques for Assessment of Carcass and Meat Quality in Sheep and Goats: A Review.

In the last decade, there has been a significant development in rapid, non-destructive and non-invasive techniques to evaluate carcass composition and meat quality of meat species. This article aims to review the recent technological advances of non-destructive and non-invasive techniques to provide objective data to evaluate carcass composition and quality traits of sheep and goat meat. We highlight imaging and spectroscopy techniques and practical aspects, such as accuracy, reliability, cost, portability, speed and ease of use. For the imaging techniques, recent improvements in the use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to assess sheep and goat carcass and meat quality will be addressed. Optical technologies are gaining importance for monitoring and evaluating the quality and safety of carcasses and meat and, among them, those that deserve more attention are visible and infrared reflectance spectroscopy, hyperspectral imagery and Raman spectroscopy. In this work, advances in research involving these techniques in their application to sheep and goats are presented and discussed. In recent years, there has been substantial investment and research in fast, non-destructive and easy-to-use technology to raise the standards of quality and food safety in all stages of sheep and goat meat production.

Meat and Fat Quality of Salem Black Goat meat Reared under Different Rearing Systems

Background: The work was carried out to complementary contribution to the comprehensive study of the recently recognised promising Salem Black goat breed’s meat quality raised under intensive and semi intensive systems at different age for both sexes. Methods: The study was conducted on sixty four, three months old Salem Black goat kids (32 males and 32 females) by allotting randomly as16 kids in each group in a 2 X 2 factorial design. Results: The pH value for meat was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher at 9 months male animals. Meat redness (a*) value increased and the lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) values significantly (P less than 0.01) decreased with age. The shear force indicates that male had significantly (P less than 0.01) higher value. Meat at 6 months had significantly (P less than 0.01) higher sarcomere length. Hydroxyproline content was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher with lower muscle fibre diameter in intensively reared male kids meat. Acid insoluble ash, ether extract and PUFA contents were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased with age in meat. Intensively reared animals had significantly (P less than 0.05) low level of SFA and high level of PUFA, MUFA and PUFA/SFA ratio than semi-intensively reared animals. The intensively reared animal shows better meat quality, more nutritious than semi intensively reared animal meat.

Forage type and transportation stress effects on gut microbial counts and meat quality in goats

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding highly condensed tannin legume (sericea lespedeza, SL; Lespedeza cuneata) forage on gastrointestinal tract microbial counts and meat quality in goats. Intact male Spanish kids were kept in 0.40 ha paddocks of SL, bermudagrass (BG; Cynodon dactylon; control), or a combination of SL + BG (n = 10 goats per treatment group) for 8 wk. All goats were supplemented with a commercial feed pellet at 0.45 kg·head−1·d−1 for the first 4 wk and 0.23 kg·head−1·d−1 for the final 4 wk of the trial. At the end of the experiment, half the goats from each paddock were subjected to 3 h transportation stress, then all animals were humanely slaughtered. Diet or stress did not have a significant effect on skin Escherichia coli, coliform, or aerobic plate counts, and carcass, rumen, and fecal bacterial counts. Muscle pH at 24 h postmortem tended (P = 0.06) to be higher in transported compared with non-transported goats. The results indicate that SL consumption by goats for 8 wk did not significantly affect gastrointestinal tract, skin, and carcass microbial counts or meat quality, although preslaughter stress could influence meat quality due to changes in the course of postmortem pH decline.

Intake, performance, carcass traits and meat quality of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o consumo, desempenho, caracteristicas de carcaca e a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo na Caatinga e suplementados com dois tipos de fenos: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) ou mororo (Bauhinia cheilanta), com ou sem a associacao a palma forrageira (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), e um tratamento sem suplementacao (controle). Foram utilizados 30 caprinos machos castrados, sem padrao racial definido, com peso corporal inicial de 19 ± 0,35 kg e aproximadamente 90 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, usando o peso corporal inicial como covariavel, em arranjo fatorial (2x2) + 1, com cinco tratamentos e seis repeticoes. Os maiores consumos de suplemento, consumo total de materia seca (MS), carboidratos nao fibrosos (CNF) e dos nutrientes digestiveis totais (NDT) ocorreram para os animais alimentados com feno de jitirana ou mororo associados a palma forrageira, e maior consumo de proteina bruta (PB) ocorreu pelos caprinos suplementados com o feno de mororo com palma forrageira. Maiores consumos de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foram observados nos animais suplementados com feno de jitirana. Nao houve influencia das dietas sobre o consumo de MS do pasto, desempenho, pesos dos corte e as caracteristicas de carcaca. Quanto a qualidade da carne, houve influencia dos tratamentos apenas sobre o parâmetro b* (Intensidade de amarelo). A suplementacao alimentar com os fenos de jitirana e mororo, e palma forrageira nao proporcionou melhorias no desempenho e nas caracteristicas de carcaca, bem como nao influenciou negativamente a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo em regiao de Caatinga.

Stress indicators, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Xhosa goats subjected to different watering regimen and vitamin C supplementation

Limited water intake in small ruminants induced by water scarcity may result in pre-slaughter stress. A possible management practice could be the supplementation of exogenous antioxidant during the period of water stress. The effect of water restriction (W) levels with or without single and/or multiple vitamin C (VC) supplementations were evaluated on plasma hormones (cortisol, β-estradiol, thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3), prolactin, FSH, LH, insulin) carcass and non-carcass components and physicochemical characteristics of the longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle of Xhosa ear lobe goats. Forty-two goats were divided equally and randomly assigned into seven treatments; without water restriction (W0, control); water restriction of 70% of ad libitum water intake (W70); water restriction of 50% ad libitum water intake (W50); water restriction of 70% of ad libitum water intake plus 3g VC daily (W70+); water restriction 50% of ad libitum water intake plus 3g VC daily (W50+); water restriction of 70% of ad libitum water intake plus 3g VC and extra 5gVC given every eight-day (70++); water restriction of 50% of ad libitum water intake plus 3g VC and extra 5gVC given every eight-day (W50++). At the end of the 75-day experimental trial, the goats were humanely slaughtered and dressed. Increased plasma cortisol concentration due to water stress was lessened (P < 0.05) by VC. FSH, LH and insulin were not affected (P > 0.05) by levels of water restriction. The decreased (P < 0.05) hot and cold carcass weights in W70 and W50 were reduced in W70+ and W50+ respectively. The weights of the head and spleen were not affected by water restriction levels while that of the liver, skin and kidney decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with increased water restriction levels. VC treated goats had much-improved redness (a*) than the untreated (W70 and W50) and control groups (W0). The shear force and cooking loss increased with levels of water restriction while thaw loss, pH45min and pH24h were not affected by water restriction levels. VC may be used to minimize body weight loss, carcass traits and other stressors induced in animals during the period of water scarcity.

Effect of Kisspeptin-54 immunization on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and safety of Yiling goats

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of kisspeptin-54 immunocastration vaccine on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and safety of Yiling goats. Thirty buck goats were randomly assigned into three groups: PVAX-B2L-Kisspeptin-54-asd immunized (PBK-asd), control, and surgically castrated. PBK-asd immunization significantly stimulated serum anti-kisspeptin antibody production and reduced testosterone hormone compared with the control group (p < .05). Interestingly, PBK-asd plasmid did not integrate into the host genome and had no significant effect on growth hormone, body weight, and average daily gain (ADG). Conversely, surgical castration significantly reduced ADG and carcass weight compared to the control group. Furthermore, PBK-asd immunization did not affect carcass characteristics (dressing percentage, loin area, and fat thickness) and meat quality traits (pH, color, cooking loss, drip loss, and shearing force). These results indicate that the Kisspeptin-54 DNA vaccine is safe and has potential to be used as an alternative to surgical castration for goats without negatively affecting carcass and meat quality.

A review of factors affecting goat meat quality and mitigating strategies

Abstract Goat meat is increasing in popularity worldwide due to a growing demand for lean and nutritious meat. It is important to have an understanding of factors affecting goat meat quality in order to ensure the best possible quality acceptable to consumers. This paper reviews current knowledge on key factors and strategies for improving goat meat quality. Among animal factors, the breed/genetics and age at slaughter are key to goat meat quality. Conditioning of goats destined for slaughter can improve the quality of meat through more desirable carcass fat content. It has been established that goat carcasses have low glycolytic potential and consequently yield higher pH meat, therefore, minimising ante-mortem stress is important for goat meat quality. Goat carcasses are very small and lean, therefore, chilling conditions should be carefully monitored in order to minimise the risk of cold shortening. Electrical stimulation of carcasses has been reported to improve goat meat tenderness. Pelvic suspension of goat carcasses may result in improved meat tenderness compared to Achilles-hung carcasses. Post-slaughter ageing can further improve the tenderness of goat meat. Several efforts have been made to address the concerns pertaining to goat meat quality, but the challenge now is to promote the consumption of goat meat among diverse consumers and establish it as a dietetically acceptable red meat source.

PSX-21 Diet and preslaughter stress effects on gut microbial populations and meat quality characteristics in goats

Abstract Feeding condensed tannin (CT)-containing diets and minimizing preslaughter stress have been reported to improve meat quality and food safety in small ruminants. An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding sericea lespedeza (SL), a high-CT legume, and transportation stress on gut microbial counts and meat quality in goats. In a completely randomized design with split-plot, thirty-six uncastrated male Spanish goats (Age = 8 mo; BW = 26.0 ± 0.48 kg) were assigned to one of 3 dietary treatments (n = 12): ground ‘Serala’ SL hay (SER), bermudagrass hay (BG), or bermudagrass hay - dewormed goats (BG-DW) at 75% of intake, with a corn-based supplement (25%) for 8 weeks. At the end of the trial, goats were either transported for 90 min to impose stress or held in pens before slaughtering in two replicates. Hot and cold carcass weights were lowest in SER, highest in BG-DW, and intermediate in BG group (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Longissimus muscle initial pH was not affected by diet or stress; however, the L* values were lower in SER compared with BG or BG-DW (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Diet or stress treatment did not have a significant effect on rumen and rectal pH values or E. coli and coliform counts. Rumen E. coli counts were 0.32, 0.35, and 0.32 (SEM = 0.088) log10CFU/g, respectively, in SER, BG, and BG-DW groups. The SER group had the lowest aerobic plate counts (APC) in both rumen and rectum (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Rumen APC were 4.74, 6.74, and 6.95 (SEM = 0.420) log10CFU/g, respectively, in SER, BG, and BG-DW groups. The results indicate that diet and stress did not notably influence meat quality characteristics studied or gut E. coli counts in goats, although there is evidence that APC in rumen and feces can be reduced by feeding SL for 8 weeks.

Substitution of Leucaena hay for oil seed cake meal in total mixed rations for goats

This study investigated the effects of incorporating different protein sources (oil seed cakes versus Leucaena leucocephala hay) in a total mixed ration (TMR) on intake, digestibility, growth and carcass meat quality of Saanen goats. Sixteen Saanen male goats were allocated to TMR diets formulated with or without L. leucocephala hay at 25% of total dry matter (DM). The TMRs were formulated to be iso-nitrogenous, isocaloric and iso-neutral detergent fibre using two sources of crude protein from Leucaena hay or oilseed cake meal (OSCM), which is a blend of soybean, sunflower and cottonseed cake meal. Data were collected on nutrient digestibility and carcass quality parameters. The goats fed TMR with Leucaena had greater (P &lt;0.05) dry matter intake compared with those fed the control diet. In contrast, the digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and feed conversion ratio did not differ (P &gt;0.05) between the two dietary treatments. Between treatments, no differences were detected for slaughter bodyweight, empty bodyweight carcass weight, and dressing percentage. Nor were differences detected (P &gt;0.05) for cooking loss percentage, back fat cover, and area of eye muscle (longissimus dorsi) and WarnerBratzler shear force between goats fed the two TMR diets. Replacing a portion of oilseed cake meal at 15% DM with Leucaena hay at 25% DM in TMR for Saanen goats would help rural farmers to reduce the cost of feeding.Keywords: body composition, digestibility, feed intake, growth, meat quality

PENGARUH PERENDAMAN DAGING KAMBING DALAM BLEND JAHE (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) PADA KONSENTRASI BERBEDA TERHADAP pH, DAYA IKAT AIR DAN SUSUT MASAK

This study aimed to determine the effect of soaking using ginger blend (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) as a natural preservative on pH, water holding capacity, and cooking loss of goat meat. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Goat meat used is thigh part as much as 20 pieces and the ginger used as blend is old ginger. The treatment in this study were P0: goat meat without soaking with blend of ginger, P1: soaked goat meat using a blend of ginger with a concentration of 5%, P2: goat meat soaked using a blend of ginger with a concentration of 10%, and P3: goat meat soaked using blend of ginger with concentration of 20%. The data obtained in this study were analysed with analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the length of soaking time using ginger blend ( Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) did not significantly affect the physical quality (pH, water holding capacity, cooking loss) of goat meat.&#x0D; Keyword: Concentration, Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe), pH, Water holding capacity, Cooking loss

Endurance Exercise Promotes Muscle Stem Cell Self-renewal and Repair Function in Adult Skeletal Muscle Through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Respiration

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of kisspeptin-54 immunocastration vaccine on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and safety of Yiling goats. Thirty buck goats were randomly assigned into three groups: PVAX-B2L-Kisspeptin-54-asd immunized (PBK-asd), control, and surgically castrated. PBK-asd immunization significantly stimulated serum anti-kisspeptin antibody production and reduced testosterone hormone compared with the control group (p < .05). Interestingly, PBK-asd plasmid did not integrate into the host genome and had no significant effect on growth hormone, body weight, and average daily gain (ADG). Conversely, surgical castration significantly reduced ADG and carcass weight compared to the control group. Furthermore, PBK-asd immunization did not affect carcass characteristics (dressing percentage, loin area, and fat thickness) and meat quality traits (pH, color, cooking loss, drip loss, and shearing force). These results indicate that the Kisspeptin-54 DNA vaccine is safe and has potential to be used as an alternative to surgical castration for goats without negatively affecting carcass and meat quality.

Sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) supplementation on meat quality of Korean native black goat.

The supplementation effects of sea tangle powders were determined for the meat quality in Korean native black goats. A total 90 castrated male black goats at 3-month age were divided into 3 dietary treatment groups: control (basal diet + mineral block), T1 (0.3% sea tangle feeding with the basal diet), T2 (0.9% sea tangle feeding with the basal diet). At 9-months feeding, 10 goats per treatment group were slaughtered, and the longissimus dorsi muscle samples were vacuum-packed, and subsequently analyzed for physicochemical evaluations. Analysis revealed decrease in the shear force and TBARS values of meat in the sea tangle dietary groups (p < 0.05). The T2 group exhibited increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids such as C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, and C20:4 (p < 0.05). The content of free amino acids with desirable taste such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, and serine were higher in T2, whereas alanine content was higher in both sea tangle dietary groups, as compared to control (p < 0.05). These data indicate that feeding dietary sea tangle as an alternative mineral source results in an improvement in the physicochemical profiles of goat meat.

Effects of Partial Replacement of Alfalfa Hay with Acacia saligna Foliage on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Goats

Effects of Partial Replacement of Alfalfa Hay with <i>Acacia saligna</i> Foliage on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Goats

Effects of Supplementation of Branches and Leaves Trimmed from Tea Plant on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Meat Composition of Nanjiang Yellow Goats.

Simple SummaryThe effects of supplementation of branches and leaves trimmed from tea tree (BLTT) on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics and meat composition of fattening Nanjiang Yellow goats were studied. Supplementation of 4% BLTT increased final body weight of goats and also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, while glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde followed the quadratic curve. Quadratic curves were also observed for villus height, crypt depth and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum. The quadratic effect was obtained for total essential amino acids, and individual amino acids threonine and leucine. Supplementation of 4% BLTT decreased the saturated fatty acid C16:0, and a quadratic effect was observed for polyunsaturated fatty acid C18:3 (n−3). From the present study, it is concluded that BLTT supplementation has a positive effect on body antioxidative status, gastrointestinal development, rumen fermentation characteristics and overall hence growth performance and meat composition in goats.Thirty-two 6-month-old, healthy Nanjiang Yellow goats (34.6 ± 4.16 kg) were randomly divided into four treatments to evaluate the supplementary effects of branches and leaves trimmed from tea tree (BLTT) on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics, and meat composition in fattening goats. The control goats were fed a basal diet. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 were fed 2%, 4% and 6% of BLTT respectively. After a 60 d feeding trial, blood samples were collected for the analysis of the antioxidant profile and goats were slaughtered to obtain the rumen fluid and carcass samples for determination of rumen fermentation characteristics and meat composition perameters. Increased final body weight was observed in goats fed 4% BLTT compared with control. The activity of superoxide dismutase was increased in the 4% BLTT-treated group, while glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde followed the quadratic curve. Quadratic curves were also observed for villus height, crypt depth and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum. The quadratic effect was obtained for total essential amino acids, and individual amino acids threonine and leucine. The saturated fatty acid C16:0 was decreased with 4% of BLTT supplementation, and a quadratic effect was observed for polyunsaturated fatty acid C18:3 (n−3). To sum up, our findings revealed that BLTT supplementation has a positive effect on body antioxidative status, gastrointestinal development, rumen fermentation characteristics and overall growth performance and meat quality in goats.