Measurement Of Environmental Parameters Research Articles

The Distribution and Turnover of Bacterial Communities in the Root Zone of Seven Stipa Species Across an Arid and Semi-arid Steppe.

The bacterial communities of the root-zone soil are capable of regulating vital biogeochemical cycles and the succession of plant growth. Stipa as grassland constructive species is restricted by the difference features of east–west humidity and north–south heat, which shows the population substituting distribution. The distribution, turnover, and potential driving factors and ecological significance of the root-zone bacterial community along broad spatial gradients of Stipa taxa transition remain unclear. This paper investigated seven Stipa species root-zone soils based on high-throughput sequencing combined with the measurements of multiple environmental parameters in arid and semi-arid steppe. The communities of soil bacteria in root zone had considerable turnover, and some regular variations in structure along the Stipa taxa transition are largely determined by climatic factors, vegetation coverage, and pH at a regional scale. Bacterial communities had a clear Stipa population specificity, but they were more strongly affected by the main annual precipitation, which resulted in a biogeographical distribution pattern along precipitation gradient, among which Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi were the phyla that were most abundant. During the transformation of Stipa taxa from east to west, the trend of diversity shown by bacterial community in the root zone decreased first, and then increased sharply at S. breviflora, which was followed by continuous decreasing toward northwest afterwards. However, the richness and evenness showed an opposite trend, and α diversity had close association with altitude and pH. There would be specific and different bacterial taxa interactions in different Stipa species, in which S. krylovii had the simplest and most stable interaction network with the strongest resistance to the environment and S. breviflora had most complex and erratic. Moreover, the bacterial community was mainly affected by dispersal limitation at a certain period. These results are conducive to the prediction of sustainable ecosystem services and protection of microbial resources in a semi-arid grassland ecosystem.

Actinomycetes yang diisolat dari mangrove Rhizophora apiculata di perairan Tanjung Api-api, Sumatera Selatan

Actinomycetes is one type of endophytic bacteria that lives in the mangrove plant tissues. Bioactive compound which form Actinomycetes can be use as potential medicine in medic industry and pharmacy sector. This study aimed to isolate and identify the kinds of the Actinomycetes bacteria at mangrove Rhizophora apiculata from Tanjung Api-api waters, South Sumatera. This research method included measurement of environmental parameters, mangrove sampling, isolation, characterization and identification of bacteria. The result of research found two isolates of Actinomycetes in the lower roots (AB T4) and leaf (Leaf T2). The isolates code AB T4 had characteristics of moderate colony size, circular shape, entire edge, convex elevation, white colony color, had hyphae, rod-shaped cells, non motile, aerobic, gram positive, negative for oxidase, indole and gelatin, positive for catalase, citrate, urea, ornithine, aesculin, galactose, glucose and trehalose, OF oxidative and fermentative. While the isolates code Leaf T2 had characteristics of moderate colony size, irregular shape, undulate edge, raised elevation, creamy white colony color, had hyphae, gram positive, rod-shaped cells, non motile, aerobic, positive for catalase, ornithine, aesculin, celobiosa, glucose, lactose, melibiosa, sorbitol and trehalose, negative for oxidase, citrate, urea, gelatin and indole, OF oxidative and fermentative. Both isolates AB T4 and Leaf T2 were identified as Nocardia genus in lower root samples (AB T4) and Actinomadura genus in leaf samples (Leaf T2).

Actinomycetes yang diisolat dari mangrove Rhizophora apiculata di perairan Tanjung Api-api, Sumatera Selatan

Actinomycetes is one type of endophytic bacteria that lives in the mangrove plant tissues. Bioactive compound which form Actinomycetes can be use as potential medicine in medic industry and pharmacy sector. This study aimed to isolate and identify the kinds of the Actinomycetes bacteria at mangrove Rhizophora apiculata from Tanjung Api-api waters, South Sumatera. This research method included measurement of environmental parameters, mangrove sampling, isolation, characterization and identification of bacteria. The result of research found two isolates of Actinomycetes in the lower roots (AB T4) and leaf (Leaf T2). The isolates code AB T4 had characteristics of moderate colony size, circular shape, entire edge, convex elevation, white colony color, had hyphae, rod-shaped cells, non motile, aerobic, gram positive, negative for oxidase, indole and gelatin, positive for catalase, citrate, urea, ornithine, aesculin, galactose, glucose and trehalose, OF oxidative and fermentative. While the isolates code Leaf T2 had characteristics of moderate colony size, irregular shape, undulate edge, raised elevation, creamy white colony color, had hyphae, gram positive, rod-shaped cells, non motile, aerobic, positive for catalase, ornithine, aesculin, celobiosa, glucose, lactose, melibiosa, sorbitol and trehalose, negative for oxidase, citrate, urea, gelatin and indole, OF oxidative and fermentative. Both isolates AB T4 and Leaf T2 were identified as Nocardia genus in lower root samples (AB T4) and Actinomadura genus in leaf samples (Leaf T2).

Robust Gaussian process regression with a bias model

This paper presents a new approach to a robust Gaussian process regression, creating a non-parametric Bayesian regression estimate robust to outliers. Most existing approaches replace an outlier-prone Gaussian likelihood with a non-Gaussian likelihood induced from a heavy tail distribution, such as the Laplace distribution and Student-t distribution. However, the use of a non-Gaussian likelihood would incur the need for a computationally expensive Bayesian approximate computation in the posterior inferences. The proposed approach models an outlier as a noisy and biased observation of an unknown regression function, and accordingly, the likelihood contains bias terms to explain the degree of deviations from the regression function. We introduce two bias models that handle the bias terms differently, treating a bias as an unknown and fixed quantity or treating a bias as a random quantity. We entail how the biases can be estimated accurately with other hyperparameters by a regularized maximum likelihood estimation. Conditioned on the bias estimates, the robust GP regression can be reduced to a standard GP regression problem with analytical forms of the predictive mean and variance estimates. Therefore, the proposed approach is simple and very computationally attractive. It also gives a very robust and accurate GP estimate for many tested scenarios. For the numerical evaluation, we perform a comprehensive simulation study to evaluate the proposed approach with the comparison to the existing robust GP approaches under various simulated scenarios of different outlier proportions and different noise levels. The approach is applied to data from two measurement systems, where the predictors are based on robust environmental parameter measurements and the response variables utilize more complex chemical sensing methods that contain a certain percentage of outliers. The utility of the measurement systems and value of the environmental data are improved through the computationally efficient GP regression and bias model.

Unveiling the occurrence, hosts and mobility potential of antibiotic resistance genes in the deep ocean

As emerging microbial contaminants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are widely reported in the neritic zone. However, the profiles of ARGs in the deep ocean have not yet been fully resolved. In this study, the distribution, hosts, and mobility potential of ARGs at different water depths in the Western Pacific (WP) were investigated and compared to those in Bohai Sea (BH) waters using environmental parameter measurements, amplicon sequencing, metagenomic assembly and binning approaches. Our results showed that the top eight most abundant known ARG types in WP and BH waters were multidrug (39.85%), peptide (14.98%), aminoglycoside (11.33%), macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS, 4.06%), tetracycline (3.74%), beta-lactam (3.12%), fluoroquinolone (1.79%) and rifamycin (1.24%). The ARGs observed in mesopelagic and bathypelagic waters were abundant and diverse as those observed in neritic waters, indicating that deep-sea water could be another environmental reservoir for ARGs. For deep-sea ARGs, members from classes Gammaproteobacteria (70%) and Alphaproteobacteria (21.1%) were the most important potential hosts. In addition, mobile genetic element analysis suggested that the ARG migration potential in dee sea water (> 1000 m) was relatively high. Overall, our findings expanded the understanding of ARGs in deep seawater and provided guidance for ARG pollution control and risk prediction.

Data-driven occupant-centric rules of automated shade adjustments: Luxembourg case study

This study presents key findings of observed datasets in a nearly zero-energy office building for over 66 working days from June to mid-September in 2019, Luxembourg. Measurements of indoor and outdoor environmental parameters as well as user-shade override adjustments were extracted from the KNX-based building management system (BMS) in 47 office rooms located in three typical floor levels. Relative frequency and “rate of change” of blind use were analysed in terms of window orientation, occupancy level, and the time of the day. Logistic regression and data mining techniques were used to identify potentially useful and understandable occupant behaviour patterns and reveal the main triggers behind blind adjustments. The well-designed automation system together with the inner glare protection formed the base of very low user-shade interactions. A mean of 0.184 manual blind adjustments per day per office. Eight regression sub-models were developed and all were incapable of predicting user-shade lowering and raising events. Alternatively, two user profiles were mined based on 20 rules gained from clustering analysis: user (ß) was representing the passive user, and user (μ) the medium user. Overall, we conclude that the automated shading system in this building is satisfactory, user-friendly, and a robust control system.

Energy performance of control strategies for smart glazed windows applied to office buildings

This paper presents a systematic analysis for the energy performance of control strategies specific to smart glazed windows when applied to office spaces. In particular, the energy efficiency benefits of rule-based and optimized controls to operate smart glazing are evaluated for office spaces. Several rule-based control strategies are considered to operate smart glazed windows including those that switch to specific tint levels using measurable environmental parameters such as outdoor ambient air temperatures as well as direct and total solar radiations. In addition, the analysis evaluates optimal controls that minimize the total energy consumption for the office space with and without daylighting capabilities using hourly, daily, or monthly switching frequencies. The results of various sensitivity analyses indicate that optimized controls perform generally better than rule-based controls even when their threshold settings are adequately selected. However, the performance of rule-based controls can be substantially enhanced when optimal threshold settings are used to switch between various smart glazing tint states. These optimal switching settings depend on various factors including the type of smart glazing used as well as orientation and size of the windows and the location of the office space. Moreover, the analysis indicates that optimized hourly settings provide higher energy savings than any other control strategy with reduction of annual energy consumption of the office spaces reaching up to 20% relative to static glazing.

Environmental monitoring through Vehicular Ad Hoc Network: A productive application for smart cities

SummaryIndustrial growth, technological development, and increased human activities for comfort and luxurious life increase different environmental parameters like temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide, methane, and smoke. The value of these parameters are increasing steadily which has adverse effects on human life and human health and is also the cause of various disease like cancers and lung disease. It is now essential to monitor the environmental parameters of a region frequently. For the automatic continuous monitoring of environmental parameters of any location, this paper proposes to use vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), which is one of the promising subclasses of mobile ad hoc network (MANET). Automatic monitoring of environmental parameters of any location includes measurement of environmental parameters of a location, transmission of environmental parameters from the measured location to the observation center, and analysis of the parameters at the observation center. Two aspects are discussed for the transmission of parameters from the location of measurement to the observation center: first by vehicular communication and second by vehicular cloud. The analysis of the environmental parameters at the observation center is done using probabilistic neural network (PNN). Apart from this, different generic network parameters like end‐to‐end delay, number of hops, and network gaps for the proposed work are computed for the transmission of different environmental parameters and is compared with different VANET routing protocols like geographic source routing (GSR), anchor‐based street and traffic‐aware routing (A‐STAR), and peripheral node‐based geographic distance routing (P‐GEDIR). Vehicular motion is created using Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO), and the network parameter values, like end‐to‐end delay and number of hops, are obtained using OMNET++. A testbed experiment is conducted for the classification of sensor data which is adoptable in practice.

Assembly of a Benthic Microbial Community in a Eutrophic Bay with a Long History of Oyster Culturing

The introduction of oysters to a waterbody is an efficient method for decreasing levels of eutrophication. Oysters affect sedimental environments and benthic microbes via their roles in nutrient cycling. However, little is known about how long-term oyster culturing affects benthic microbial community assembly. In the present study, top and bottom sediments from an oyster-culture area and non-culture area, in a eutrophic bay with a long history of oyster culturing, were obtained for environmental parameter measurement and microbe identification. Deterministic and stochastic processes in microbial community assembly were assessed. In particular, keystone species identification through network analysis was combined with measured environmental parameters to determine the factors related to community assembly processes. Our results suggest that oyster culturing relates to greater variation in both biological and non-biological sediment profiles. In benthic communities, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were the most abundant phyla, and community compositions were significantly different between sample groups. We also found that community assembly was more affected by deterministic factors than stochastic ones, when oysters were present. Moisture, or water content, and pH were identified as affecting deterministic and stochastic processes, respectively, but only water content was a driver associated with oyster culturing. Additionally, although keystone species presented a similar pattern of composition to peripheral species, they responded to their environments differently. Furthermore, model selection, fitting keystone species to community assembly processes, indicates their role in shaping microbial communities.

Field study on adaptive thermal comfort models for nursing homes in the Mediterranean climate

Nursing homes are designed and operated to meet general thermal specifications outlined by existing standards. This paper presents adaptive thermal comfort models for nursing homes based on the field survey administered in 100 common rooms of five nursing homes in the Mediterranean climate. The survey included simultaneous measurements of outdoor and indoor environmental parameters and an assessment of the occupants’ thermal comfort sensations using questionnaires. In total, 1,921 subjective questionnaires were obtained. The analysis focused on: Building Operation Mode (naturally ventilated and air-conditioned mode (cooling and heating)); and type of occupant (residents and non-residents (caregivers and therapists)). In naturally ventilated rooms residents were found to be more adaptive than what EN and ASHRAE 55:2020 standards propose (Tc (naturally ventilated) = 0.26 Trm + 18.83 (R2 = 0.81)). Residents in air-conditioned rooms were found to be less sensitive to outdoor conditions (Tc (air-conditioned) = 0.16Trm + 20.41 (R2 = 0,91)) than in naturally ventilated rooms. Both adaptive thermal models fall in limits set by these standards but in the lower acceptable levels. These adaptive thermal comfort models for nursing homes will allow extending the use of natural ventilation and the adoption of setpoint temperatures when air-conditioning is needed with the consequent reduction of heating and cooling use.

Drone-based physiological index reveals long-term acclimation and drought stress responses in trees.

Monitoring early tree physiological responses to drought is key to understanding progressive impacts of drought on forests and identifying resilient species. We combined drone‐based multispectral remote sensing with measurements of tree physiology and environmental parameters over two growing seasons in a 100‐y‐old Pinus sylvestris forest subject to 17‐y of precipitation manipulation. Our goal was to determine if drone‐based photochemical reflectance index (PRI) captures tree drought stress responses and whether responses are affected by long‐term acclimation. PRI detects changes in xanthophyll cycle pigment dynamics, which reflect increases in photoprotective non‐photochemical quenching activity resulting from drought‐induced photosynthesis downregulation. Here, PRI of never‐irrigated trees was up to 10 times lower (higher stress) than PRI of irrigated trees. Long‐term acclimation to experimental treatment, however, influenced the seasonal relationship between PRI and soil water availability. PRI also captured diurnal decreases in photochemical efficiency, driven by vapour pressure deficit. Interestingly, 5 years after irrigation was stopped for a subset of the irrigated trees, a positive legacy effect persisted, with lower stress responses (higher PRI) compared with never‐irrigated trees. This study demonstrates the ability of remotely sensed PRI to scale tree physiological responses to an entire forest and the importance of long‐term acclimation in determining current drought stress responses.

Assessment of Domestic Well-Being: From Perception to Measurement

Nowadays, there are plenty of sensing devices that enable the measurement of physiological, environmental, and behavioral parameters of people 24 hours a day, seven days a week and provide huge quantities of different data. Data and signals coming from sensing devices, installed in indoor or outdoor environments or often worn by the users, generate heterogeneous and complex structured datasets, most of the time not uniformly structured. The artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms applied to these sets of data have demonstrated capabilities to infer indices related to a subject's status and well-being [1]. Well-being is a key parameter in the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health, considering its physical, mental, and social spheres. Quantitatively assessing a subject's well-being is of paramount importance if we want to assess the whole status of a person, which is particularly useful in the case of ageing people living alone. Assessment allows for continuous remote monitoring to improve people's quality of life (QoL) according to their perceptions, needs, and preferences. Technology undoubtedly plays a pivotal role in this regard, providing us new tools to support the objective evaluation of a subject's status, including her/his perception of the living environment. Its potential is huge, also in terms of support to the healthcare system and ageing people; however, there are several engineering challenges to consider, especially in terms of sensors integrability, connectivity, and metrological performance, in order to obtain reliable and accurate measurement systems.

Keanekaragaman Jenis Serangga di Berbagai Lahan Pertanian Kelurahan Maubeli Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara

The presence of insects in an ecosystem varies widely, the diversity of insects in various agricultural lands can act as polydonature insects, pests, parasites, and predators for other insects. Referring to the role of insects, this study aims to determine what insects are present in various agricultural lands, to analyze insect diversity and to analyze environmental factors that influence the presence of insects. This research was conducted in Maubeli Village, North Central Timor Regency in July-August 2020. The sampling technique was carried out with pitfall traps, light traps and sweep nets, the data obtained were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The research that has been carried out has found insects at the research location consisting of the families of Acrididae, Coccinelidae, Libellulidae, Mantidae, Nymphalidae, Papiolinidae, Pieridae, and Tettigonidae. The highest diversity of 11 families was found with the highest value H` = 1.34 and the lowest H` = 0.26. The results of measurement of environmental parameters at the research location show that morning, evening and night air temperatures range from 260C-280C, 270C-310C, 250C-360C, and humidity ranges from 60% -70%, soil pH ranges from 6 and soil moisture ranges from 2%.

Viability Test of Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria Consortium Entrapted on Sawdust Material

Oil spills in the sea are generally prevented in various ways, one of them is the bioaugmentation method through bacterial entrapment on sawdust carriers. The entrapment of bacteria is one of the bacterial immobilization techniques. The potential of bacterial consortium on sawdust is still not widely used, especially in long-term storage. The purpose of this study was to obtain the viability of hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial consortium on sawdust after 0, 7, and 41 days of storage. The bacterial consortium consists of Bacillus aquimaris, B. megaterium, B. pumilus, Halobacillus trueperi, and Rhodobacteraceae bacterium. The samples were tested by culturing the immobilized bacterial consortium of 0, 7, and 41 days on falcon tubes containing crude oil and seawater. The viability of the immobilized bacterial consortium was tested for 28 days (days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28) by enriched the bacterial populations periodically. The viability test was also supported by the measurement of environmental parameters on the 1 st day and the 28 th day such as DO, pH, salinity and, temperature. The results show that bacterial consortium in all storage periods was viable on sawdust carriers which related to the high number of bacterial populations on the 28 th day. The most viable bacterial consortium on sawdust was the 0-day storage (9.59 x 10 8 CFU/ml) which was indicated by the increases phase at the end of the day. It was proved that the bacteria are still productive and could degrade petroleum hydrocarbons.

Assessment of thermal comfort levels in aviary workers

Abstract Background The occurrence of biohazards in avian work environments has been a cause of concern. Additionally, studies on this working environment carried out by Health and Safety at Work professionals are scarce. The weaknesses of birds regarding ideal temperatures for development, depending on their gestational stage is well known. Now it is important to look into the effects temperatures inside the aviaries have on workers and specifically the contrast of these with external temperatures in winter time. Methods The goal of this study is to assess thermal comfort through the use of the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) indexes. It was carried out at 8 aviaries belonging to two separate companies, located in Portugal. The target-population was the workforce of the two companies, making up a total of 6 employees. Measurements of environmental parameters were carried out (radiating temperature, relative humidity, air temperature and air speed), as well as individual parameters related to thermal comfort (metabolic rate and thermal resistance of workers clothing) inside and outside the aviaries. This study is classified as a level III (co relational) observational and analytical study, with a cross-section cut and a convenience non-probabilistic sampling type. Results The thermal discomfort suffered by these workers in an avian environment was noteworthy, when exposed to different, contrasting temperatures, particularly in the winter season. Conclusions Despite the different personal characteristics, it is possible to create environments that are thermally acceptable, that is, to satisfy the majority of its occupants.

ANALISIS TINGKAT KESESUAIAN WISATA BAHARI PADA EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PULAU LAREA- REA KABUPATEN SINJAI

Coral reefs are one of the marine tourism potentials that need to be managed in a sustainable manner by looking at the suitability of tourism and the carrying capacity of the environment. Data on the potential for coral reefs will support government programs related to conservation and rehabilitation of coastal and marine ecosystems as a focus area for maritime research. This study aims to determine the potential and percentage of coral reef cover, know the tourism suitability index and environmental carrying capacity, know the direction of coral reef ecosystem management. The research method is using UPT (Underwater Photo Transect), as well as measurement of environmental parameters on Larea-rea Island. Data analysis using CPCe 4.1 software, and Arcgis 10.8 (Kismanto et.al, 2018). Than, an analysis of the suitability of diving tourism and an analysis of the carrying capacity of the area is carried out (Yulianda, 2018).Coral reefs are one of the marine tourism potentials that need to be managed in a sustainable manner by looking at the suitability of tourism and the carrying capacity of the environment. Data on the potential for coral reefs will support government programs related to conservation and rehabilitation of coastal and marine ecosystems as a focus area for maritime research. This study aims to determine the potential and percentage of coral reef cover, know the tourism suitability index and environmental carrying capacity, know the direction of coral reef ecosystem management. The research method is using UPT (Underwater Photo Transect), as well as measurement of environmental parameters on Larea-rea Island. Data analysis using CPCe 4.1 software, and Arcgis 10.8 (Kismanto et.al, 2018). Than, an analysis of the suitability of diving tourism and an analysis of the carrying capacity of the area is carried out (Yulianda, 2018). The results of this study indicate that the percentage of potential coral reef cover at all stations is 10-36%, indicating that the coral condition is not good (according to the conditions). Damage to coral reef ecosystems due to environmentally unfriendly fishing activities (Wardani, 2018). The number of lifeform types ranged from 8-12, while the number of fish species obtained was 37-44 species. The suitability class category based on the results of the analysis at the three stations obtained the appropriate category (S2), with a percentage of the IKW value of 50-67% (Yulianda, 2018). Then, area carrying capacity (DDK) in the diving tourism category is an average of 528 people / day from the three stations. Management and development of marine tourism can be done by determining the zone of utilization and rehabilitation of coral reef ecosystems, as well as limiting visitors for certain periods to reduce the potential impact of environmental degradation.

Keanekaragaman dan Pola Distribusi Tumbuhan Paku di Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Adam Mandiangin

The research aims to analyze the diversity of ferns, to know the distribution pattern and potential of ferns in TAHURA Mandiangin Sultan Adam. The research included sampling, measurement of environmental parameters as supportive data, identification of ferns samples, and data analysis. The research was conducted from October to December 2011. The research showed that, at different heights there are 548 individuals consisting of 16 species of ferns, including the 8 species of terrestrial and 8 kinds of epiphytic. Ferns are included into two classes, namely, Filicine and Lycopodinae, 6 Order, and 8 families are scattered at heights different. Indices of diversity in zone I-II showed diversity index is medium, in zone III has low species diversity. Distribution pattern is Uniform. The Location of existing research that can be used as ornamental plants, medicinal herbs, and vegetables.

Study on the effect of home night lighting environment on students’ eyestrain and visual efficacy

China has the highest incidence rate of myopia, and the number of teenagers with myopia accounts for more than half of the total number of myopia in the world. In recent years, With the increase of youth night home learning time, the impact of the night lighting environment in the home learning space on eye health has become increasingly obvious. This paper selects 112 home learning spaces of middle school students to carry out the actual measurement of lighting environment parameters and the satisfaction survey of the lighting environment, and through comparative experiments to explore the effects of illuminance, color temperature and lighting methods on eyestrain and visual efficacy. This Study found that under mixed lighting conditions, when the color temperature is 4500k, the illuminance in the range of 500lx-750lx is beneficial to relieve eyestrain and improve visual efficacy; When the illuminance is 500lx, a low color temperature (3500k) can help relieve eyestrain, and a high color temperature (6000k) can improve visual efficacy better. In addition, mixed lighting is better than local lighting for relieving eyestrain and improving visual efficacy. The results will help improve the night lighting environment in the home learning space of middle school students.

Bryophyta di Sekitar Kawasan Bandar Udara Internasional Syamsudin Noor Kalimantan Selatan

The diversity of mosses around the Syamsudin Noor international airport was never reported. This study aimed to reveal the variety of moss around the Syamsudin Noor International Airport area. This research uses the purposive sampling method. Measurement of environmental parameters includes air temperature, light intensity, humidity, and soil pH. Moss identification refers to the book A Handbook of Malesian Mosses volume 1 Sphagnales to Dicranales and A Handbook of Malesian Mosses volume 2 Leucobryaceae to Buxbaumiaceae. The moss morphological characters observed included the leaves, stems, and rhizoids using a stereomicroscope. The results showed that in Syamsudin Noor International Airport's vicinity, there are as many as five types of moss consisting: Pseudoracelopus acaulis, Hyophila apiculata Homalothecium lutescens, Ectropothecium falciforme, Fissidens atroviridis. The most dominant type of moss is Pseudoracelopus acaulis. The range of environmental parameter values ??is air temperature 28-34oC, light intensity 20-35 lux, humidity 74-84%, and soil pH 7. This study's results are preliminary data to determine the environmental change around Syamsudin Noor International Airport.

Keanekaragaman Gastropoda Pada Habitat Lamun Di Perairan Desa Tayando Yamtel Kecamatan Tayando Tam Kota Tual

The gastropod community is an important component in the food chain in seagrass beds, where the gastropods are the detritus feeder. Research on the diversity of gastropods in seagrass habitat in the waters of Tayando Yamtel Village, Tam City, Tual District, was conducted in March-May 2018, using the quadrant linear transect method. The results of measurements of environmental parameters in Tayando Yamtel waters are: an average pH of 8.55; DO 6.59 µg / l; salinity 32.36 ‰; temperature of 29 ° C; TDS 24.7 mg / l; current velocity (0.42 m / sec) is classified as low current; and a depth of 1.5 m. Gastropod research results obtained 862 individuals consisting of 15 families and 30 species of gastropods, while for seagrass obtained 3 species namely Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata and Thalassia hemprichii. The highest value of composition and gastropod density at Station I was dominated by Psedeovertagus aluco species at 62.73% and 3.708 (ind / m2), while at Station II were 28.01% and 0.93 (ind / m2) and Station III were 38.46% and 0.15 (ind / m2) are dominated by Strombus gibberulus species. Based on the gastropod ecological index value, the index value of species diversity and harmony is included in the medium category and the index value of dominance is in the low category. 
 
 Keywords: Gastropoda, Seagrass, Tayando Yamtel