Development Of Measurement System Research Articles

Development of Strain Measurement System for Detecting Rubber Elasticity for Structural Health Monitoring Applications

This paper investigates the correlation between rubber elasticity and strain measurement, aiming to advance the understanding and utilization of natural rubber in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). Natural rubber, derived from latex found in rubber-producing plants, possesses exceptional elasticity and resilience, allowing strain measurement applications. This study employs strain gauge sensors and a Wheatstone bridge configuration to accurately assess the strain experienced by various rubber samples which are Rubber 1, Rubber 2, and Rubber 3 under different loading conditions. The differences between all three rubber samples are in the content of carbon black of size in the rubber. Rubber 1 contains carbon black of size N330 (60%), Rubber 2 contains carbon black of size N550 (60%), and Rubber 3 does not contain any carbon black. Through experimental analysis, it is demonstrated that as the applied load increases, the measured strain detected by the strain gauge rises, leading to an increase in the bridge output voltage. The proposed method, Rubber 2 is increased 11.94% in elasticity compared to Rubber 1 and Rubber 3 increased 15.82% in elasticity compared to Rubber 1. Among the tested rubber samples, Rubber 3 with higher elasticity exhibits a more signifi cant increase in output voltage, indicating a stronger response to applied stress. The proposed strain measurement system effectively captures rubber elasticity, providing valuable insights into the mechanical properties of rubber components. Furthermore, this research aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), particularly SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production, by leveraging Malaysia’s abundant natural rubber resources for innovative applications in structural health monitoring. Overall, this study contributes to the advancement of SHM techniques and the sustainable utilization of natural resources, with potential implications for various industries, including civil engineering and material science.

A new approach to off-gas analysis for shaken bioreactors showing high CTR and RQ accuracy

BackgroundShake flasks are essential tools in biotechnological development due to their cost efficiency and ease of use. However, a significant challenge is the miniaturization of process analytical tools to maximize information output from each cultivation. This study aimed to develop a respiration activity online measurement system via off-gas analysis, named “Transfer rate Online Measurement” (TOM), for determining the oxygen transfer rate (OTR), carbon dioxide transfer rate (CTR), and the respiration quotient (RQ) in surface-aerated bioreactors, primarily targeting shake flasks.ResultsSensors for off-gas analysis were placed in a bypass system that avoids the shaking of the electronics and sensors. An electrochemical oxygen sensor and an infrared CO2 sensor were used. The bypass system was combined with the established method of recurrent dynamic measurement phases, evaluating the decrease in oxygen and the increase in CO2 during stopped aeration. The newly developed measurement system showed high accuracy, precision and reproducibility among individual flasks, especially regarding CTR measurement. The system was compared with state-of-the-art RAMOS technology (Respiration Activity Monitoring System, see explanation below) and calibrated with a non-biological model system. The accuracy of RQ measurement was +-4% for the tested range (8% filling volume, OTR and CTR: 0–56 mmol/L/h), allowing for the determination of metabolic switches and quantitative analysis of metabolites. At ambient CO2 levels, a CTR resolution of less than 0.01 mmol/L/h was possible. The system was applied to the microbial model systems S. cerevisiae, G. oxydans, and E. coli. Physiological states, such as growth vs. protein production, could be revealed, and quantitative analysis of metabolites was performed, putting focus on RQ measurements.ConclusionsThe developed TOM system showcases a novel approach to measuring OTR, CTR, and RQ in shaken bioreactors. It offers a robust and accurate solution for respiration activity analysis. Due to its flexible design and tunable accuracy, it enables measurement in various applications and different shake flasks.

Integrating sustainability into PMM systems of small businesses: some future research directions

Purpose This work aims to provide, from the perspective of small businesses, a state-of-the-art of management and accounting literature concerning the development of performance measurement and management (PMM) systems addressing sustainability and traditional measures of business performance. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the literature was developed by using Scopus and ISI Web of Science as sources of data. After a careful screening of the results, 61 articles have been selected and analysed in depth. Findings The article highlights the key theoretical frameworks adopted by articles focussing on PMM and sustainability in SMEs, as well as the methods used, and the key re-sults obtained. Moreover, the article provides several insights for future studies on this emerging topic. Practical implications This contribution provides important elements to design PMM systems aimed at ad-dressing sustainability in SMEs. As such, the results obtained may supports SMEs’ managers in implementing such systems as well as in putting in place reporting ac-tivities Originality/value The topic of measuring and managing sustainability performance in SMEs has re-mained largely underexplored both in theory and in practice. This contribution offers a comprehensive exploration of this theme, while also outlining future research direc-tions for scholars interested in analyzing this research area from the perspective of small businesses.

Development of a current measurement system for 4πγ ionization chamber.

A current measurement system named ICMS-TIA (Ionization Current Measurement System based on Transimpedance Amplifier) for rapid and accurate measurement of the ionization current of 4πγ ionization chamber is developed based on an improved high-value resistance I-V conversion method with range switching function. The effective measurement range of the ICMS-TIA is from 50fA to 50μA and the response time of the system is less than 2.8s. The test shows that the deviation of the current measurement above 1pA is less than 0.41%, and the uncertainty over a range of current levels is given. In the linearity tests, the maximum deviation is 1.15 %. These tests indicate that this system can be used for current measurement of 4πγ ionization chamber.

Development of a Decision Support System for Performance Measurement of Social Movements

Development of a Decision Support System for Performance Measurement of Social Movements

Development of Continuous Thickness Measurement System for Long-Length HTS CCs

Development of Continuous Thickness Measurement System for Long-Length HTS CCs

Development of the global measurement system and its ongoing importance for accurate and effective air quality measurements.

This article emphasizes the crucial role of metrology, the science of measurement, in modern life. It explores the history and importance of the global measurement system in ensuring reliable and comparable data; how this system has evolved over the years into what we now recognise as the International System of Units; and the recent changes that have future proofed our system of measurement against the challenges of technological developments yet to come. The text highlights the particular significance of accurate measurements for air quality studies as having direct impact on policy decisions and assessment of the health effects of air pollution. To enhance the credibility and efficiency of air quality research, the article advocates for widespread adoption the principles of accreditation - the independent assessment and recognition of one's measurement capabilities - to strengthen the confidence in the conclusions made by air quality studies and thereby improve the discipline's effectiveness in supporting and assessing evidence-based policies to reduce air pollution.

Development of a micro-thrust measurement system and ground thrust measurement of the micro Hall thruster for Taiji mission

Development of a micro-thrust measurement system and ground thrust measurement of the micro Hall thruster for Taiji mission

Multimodal Measurement System Development of Ultra-Low Field MRI and Magnetoencephalography with Optically Pumped Magnetometers

Multimodal Measurement System Development of Ultra-Low Field MRI and Magnetoencephalography with Optically Pumped Magnetometers

Development of online braiding angle measurement system

In this study, a machine vision system was developed to measure the angle of surface fibers on braided preforms produced via the radial braiding method in real time. The system includes an image acquisition device that captures the preform images and a controller unit that manages this device and performs image analysis. A calibration method using a laser sensor and a calibration cylinder was also developed, enabling precise angle measurements across preforms of varying diameter. An image analysis algorithm was proposed that automatically measures the angle using edge detection and autocorrelation techniques. The experimental results confirmed the accuracy of the system in measuring braiding angles on various preforms.

Development of a PCB-Based Field Metric Measurement System for the Rotational Single Sheet Tester

Development of a PCB-Based Field Metric Measurement System for the Rotational Single Sheet Tester

Performance management systems for sustainability in SMEs: An interventionist approach

To address global sustainability, engagement from every social sector is necessary. In this context, businesses can play a pivotal role. Therefore, it is urgent to establish proper management tools in order to support or-ganizations' top management in addressing these goals. While larger firms are making progress in measuring, managing and reporting sustainability performance, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are lagging behind for various reasons – such as the lack of regulatory frameworks, standards, managerial competence and more. In OECD countries, SMEs account for 40% of private sector GDP. As such, their relevance and role in pursuing sustainability cannot be overlooked. This research aims to advance understanding of the development and implemen-tation of performance measurement and management (PMM) systems taking into account the sustainability dimensions of performance in SMEs. This is key to al-lowing businesses and their management to measure and monitor their impact at the economic, social and environmental levels. In order to do this, the research is based on action research and the incorporation of an interventionist approach. In particular, the authors have developed a sus-tainability PMM for a medium citrus company operating in the B-to-B market and based in Southern Italy.

Development of automatic force measurement system

Development of automatic force measurement system

Development of measurement system of chiseling motion using sensor fusion technology

Development of measurement system of chiseling motion using sensor fusion technology

Development of Non-Invasive Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement System Based on Multiple Feature Parameters

To address the issue of the difficulty in implementing non-invasive continuous blood pressure measurement technology in China, this study developed a high-performance synchronous electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signal acquisition system. A PC-based human-computer interaction software platform was constructed, and continuous blood pressure measurement-related algorithms were integrated. Multiple feature parameters such as pulse wave transit time based on synchronous ECG and PPG signals were extracted, enabling non-invasive continuous blood pressure measurement. To verify the measurement accuracy of the system, tests and comparative verifications were carried out. The results demonstrated that the system could meet the requirements of relevant standards and have good application value.

IOT Based Distance Measuring Robot

The paper describes the development of a distance measurement system that uses ultrasonic waves and is interfaced with a microcontroller module ATmega328P and the ATMega 16U2 Processor. We know that the human audible range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz. We can use these frequency range waves with an ultrasonic sensor. The advantages of this sensor are that when it is connected to an Arduino, which is a control and sensing system, a pro per distance measurement can be done using new methodologies. As vast sums of money are spent on hundreds of inflexible circuit boards, the Arduino will enable businesses to introduce many more unique items. This distance measurement system has a wide range of industrial applications, including range meters and proximity detectors. The ultrasonic sensor's hardware is interfaced with the Arduino. This method of measurement is an effective way to accurately measure small distances. The distance between an obstruction and the sensor is measured using an ultrasonic sensor. After knowing the speed of sound, the distance can be computed. In this project, The Bluetooth sensor receives a code from the Arduino app, and the Arduino operates in accordance with the code. Additionally, an ultrasonic sensor is utilized, which transmits an ultrasonic wave towards the object. When the ultrasonic wave returns after hitting the item, the transmitter detects the obstacle's distance and displays it on the LCD in centimeters. Using the ESP32 camera module, the user may log in to a specific IP address and see the object from a remote location while also controlling the robot.

Solar Panel Light Intensity and Voltage Measurement System Using Atmega 328

This research explores the development of a real-time measurement system for light intensity and voltage in solar panels. It utilizes the ATmega328 microcontroller with an INA219 sensor for voltage measurement, a BH1750 sensor for light intensity measurement, and a logger module. The objective of this research is to assist and reduce losses in the use of solar panels. The research method is a simplified version of the 4D model, reduced to 3D: define, design, and develop. This system is designed to accurately collect data directly from solar panels, with a recorded data error rate of 23%. The gathered data is stored via an SD card on the logger module and converted into CSV text format. Test results indicate that this system can measure accurately and store data in a readily accessible and processable format. ATmega328, as the system's core, allows accurate real-time monitoring of solar panel conditions while storing data in CSV format, facilitating further analysis. Therefore, this system can be a valuable tool for monitoring and enhancing the energy efficiency produced by solar panels.

Preventing Overturning of Mobile Cranes Using an Electrical Resistivity Measurement System

Mobile cranes are essential for transporting heavy materials at construction sites, but their operation carries significant safety risks, particularly due to the potential for overturning accidents. These accidents can be classified into two main categories: mechanical accidents, which are caused by factors such as outrigger failure, excessive load weight, and operator skill, and environmental accidents, which arise from ground subsidence due to groundwater and sinkholes. While numerous studies have addressed the causes and prevention of mechanical accidents, there has been a lack of research focusing on the prevention of environmental accidents. This study presents the development of an Electrical Resistivity Measurement System (ERMS) designed to prevent overturning accidents caused by ground subsidence at mobile crane work sites. The ERMS, mounted on a mobile crane, continuously monitors the ground conditions in real time and predicts the likelihood of ground subsidence to prevent accidents. Unlike typical buried electrode methods, the proposed system features a foldable electrode mechanism and a water supply device, thereby making installation and removal more efficient. Furthermore, it uses a ground stability determination algorithm that qualitatively assesses soft ground conditions, which are the primary cause of ground subsidence. The performance of the ERMS was validated through comparisons with commercial equipment, and its applicability was further confirmed through field tests conducted at mobile crane installations. The ERMS is expected to significantly reduce the risk of accidents caused by ground subsidence during mobile crane operations and to contribute to enhancing overall safety in construction environments.

Research on the Flicker Effect in Modern Light Sources Powered by an Electrical Network

Disruptions in power quality have a negative impact on many energy consumers. These include lighting, where interference manifests itself, among others, in the form of light flickering. The article presents phenomena accompanying the operation of modern light sources against the background of exemplary results of studies on the flicker of conventional light sources, such as incandescent or fluorescent lamps. The flickering effect of light generated in modern lamps can occur under stable voltage conditions in the supply network. The main subjects of the conducted research were solid-state light sources—light-emitting diode (LED) lamps, currently available on the lighting market. To assess the effects of these phenomena, it is necessary to use measures other than those traditionally used. The method used allows for the measurement of flicker resulting from both power supply disturbances and the properties of modern light sources. Using the developed measurement system, it is possible to record temporal changes in flicker coefficients resulting from, for example, changing supply voltage conditions. Due to the possibility of flickering light from sources offered by different manufacturers, as shown by research, it is advisable to carry out measurements at the place of use of the lighting.

Pore water pressure dynamic response in asphalt mixture: A measurement system development

The pore water pressure dynamic response in asphalt pavements is complex and distinct, which is closely related to pavement damage and seepage characteristics. However, existing measurement methods often don’t simulate the dynamic pore water pressure realistically and combine with measuring position and pavement saturation adequately. This study develops a system to measure pore water pressure in asphalt mixtures under dynamic loading. It simultaneously considers vehicle-pavement interactions, sensors embedding and pavement saturation. The test results shows that the output equivalent loads accuracy of the system reaches 80 % and higher. The noise interference from air is identified, and the FFT digital filters are designed to minimize it. The application result shows pore water pressure response varies under different loading modes. The pressure rapidly rises, peaks, then diminishes to 0 under intermittent loading, while it rebounds after decreasing but never reaches 0 under continuous loading. A turning point at 9.8 % void ratio is noted, where denser mixtures exhibit more hysteresis and longer dissipation times, suggesting increased resistance to water transfer.